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00:00:00to the quality of this production ... and its safety from the perspective of people's
00:00:03health.
00:00:07The discussion then evolved from food security to focus more
00:00:11on food sovereignty, which aims to place farmers
00:00:14is the particularity, if you and consumers at the core
00:00:18agricultural research that adapts to of agricultural policy by relying on sustainable agricultural methods and returning to
00:00:22thinking about local producers and their needs,
00:00:25instead of being dependent on market demands and what companies
00:00:29regarding fertilization. We discussed impose.
00:00:33The concept was adopted within a single
00:00:36international symposium, organized by the Food
00:00:40and Agriculture Organization in 1996.
00:00:42It was adopted in the future officially
00:00:47The goal of encouraging digitalization in 2002. We've been talking about this food sovereignty,
00:00:50especially in 2008, as you know, that
00:00:54crisis, the normal financial crisis of
00:00:562008,
00:00:59these elements, based on the brought it back to the discussion. The startup agricultural discussion intensified even more when the last pandemic,
00:01:03COVID-19, occurred between
00:01:061990 and 2022, and its severity increased, especially
00:01:10now with the Ukrainian crisis, which caused a problem as all
00:01:13agriculture. This countries, of course, during the Corona period, all
00:01:17countries closed their borders, and there was no more
00:01:20nationwide, various trade. And the current
00:01:22services, specifically in the crisis that occurred in Ukraine, in addition to the worsening problem
00:01:26of climate change and its effects on agriculture, this is the context that
00:01:30made food sovereignty return more
00:01:34the farmer on his clearly and become more acute now in all
00:01:36countries.
00:01:41Across the country, as is the case here in the Meknes
00:01:45region, efforts are being made to strengthen national
00:01:47with the aspiration achievements in the food assimilates sector and develop them
00:01:50based on what is currently needed in food.
00:01:54Therefore, the latter concept
00:01:57potassium, as you know, along was made the slogan of the 15th session of the International Forum. The
00:02:01theme of the forum was "The Green Generation for Sustainable
00:02:04Food
00:02:07almost 13 years ago regarding Sovereignty."
00:02:10The Green Generation strategy, according to the documents of the Moroccan
00:02:13Ministry of Agriculture, strengthens our country's agricultural achievements
00:02:17save 500 to 6000 by placing it in a central position among the countries
00:02:21the African Institute for Research of the Middle East and North Africa in terms of the general
00:02:24Come to average of covering national food needs.
00:02:26This strategy also seeks to enhance the
00:02:30role of the human element in the food production chain
00:02:35Come to and to work on creating a middle-class
00:02:40Come to agricultural
00:02:45irrigation. We bring it with generation. The session
00:02:46irrigation, with came after, as you know, and I am confident
00:02:50that the consumption patterns
00:02:54and the agricultural approaches after the pandemic
00:02:57will not be the same as
00:03:01before the pandemic. First, the
00:03:06talking about zinc, consumer's demand has changed, and second, even
00:03:09today, with climate fluctuations,
00:03:12with the
00:03:16water problems, there
00:03:20must be a comprehensive review
00:03:22of the production methods.
00:03:26And for this
00:03:30meet all stakeholders in reason, we wanted to show
00:03:33in agriculture, and encouraging this year how we can apply science
00:03:36in line with agriculture, because
00:03:38there is no
00:03:42other option
00:03:46other than reviews,
00:03:50first in the form and type
00:03:53of trees and seeds
00:03:56that will enable
00:03:58starting from the us to find out what seeds today
00:04:01can withstand the climate
00:04:05we are living in. Today, what
00:04:09companies that came from are the natural forms that can
00:04:12withstand this heat with this scarcity
00:04:16of water? And second,
00:04:19the review of our
00:04:23we talk about agriculture, agriculture. Do we still have an interest
00:04:26in continuing in a certain
00:04:29type of agriculture?
00:04:33that go into the livestock breeding. Some are in We question exporting,
00:04:35this is the importance of this especially all fruits
00:04:38namely trust and communication and vegetables that consume
00:04:41a large amount of water.
00:04:48university, in partnership This is important. The International Agricultural Forum in Meknes, held under the High
00:04:54Phosphate Group, and Phosboucraa experts here at Royal Patronage, lasted from the second to the seventh
00:04:56of last May. It was attended by 70 countries,
00:05:00including the United Kingdom, which was the guest of honor at
00:05:04It is impossible to talk about this session. The forum marks its return to the international
00:05:07agricultural arena after a three-year
00:05:10hiatus due to the pandemic.
00:05:17The forum spans an area of approximately 18
00:05:20hectares and includes ten different clusters, including
00:05:23the Regions and Institutions cluster, the International cluster, the Local
00:05:27Products cluster, and another for agricultural
00:05:30supplies, as well as the Livestock Breeding
00:05:33cluster and others.
00:05:38Achieving food sovereignty mainly involves encouraging agricultural
00:05:42research, promoting innovation, and transferring technology in the field,
00:05:46which was a goal among other objectives of the International
00:05:50Agricultural Forum in Meknes.
00:05:53The forum served as a scientific platform to showcase the latest
00:05:57innovations of researchers and experts in the field of agriculture,
00:05:59especially concerning digital agriculture,
00:06:03alternative agriculture,
00:06:04and sustainable agriculture.
00:06:10Exactly, in the
00:06:13Al Moutmir initiative booth, as you know, I explained
00:06:16to you before, it is an initiative launched
00:06:20by the OCP Group in 2018,
00:06:23and now we are working under the banner of
00:06:26Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, where we monitor
00:06:30agriculture crops. We offer many
00:06:35section for offers and services provided by
00:06:38Al Moutmir. In addition to this, we have
00:08:27We have digital applications such as the "Atmar"
00:08:31application and the "Marketing" application. Through these two
00:08:34applications, we supervise approximately 400,000
00:08:37farmers. The ministry has an impressive
00:08:41program. It has contracted with
00:08:45some scientific institutions
00:08:47and universities to give them more
00:08:51opportunities for research so that
00:08:55it becomes a platform that can
00:08:58respond to the demands of this,
00:09:02and as I told you , secondly,
00:09:05even modern and new technologies.
00:09:08We have to take this into account now,
00:09:10because there is
00:09:13a very important offer. We are now seeing in this
00:09:16cluster of startups, there are
00:09:22Senegal, that came from the Netherlands, that came from France
00:09:25afterwards. So there is an exchange of
00:09:29expertise. And this is what will make
00:09:32it possible, because when
00:09:36we cannot talk about Moroccan agriculture, because each region has
00:09:39its own specificities. Some have
00:09:43fruits. Some are, so each region
00:09:47has a specific need. And our goal
00:09:50is that after this forum,
00:09:54the regions will have come, the experts in each region will have come,
00:09:57and they will have approached and conveyed the problems they
00:10:00face in each region, and they will find
00:10:05the forum who can connect with them so that there
00:10:09is work and an effort made throughout the year.
00:10:18A number of research hubs were present at the International
00:10:21Agricultural Forum, including the National Institute of Agricultural
00:10:25Research and the OCP Group, which was
00:10:28present through its presentation of its contributions in the field of agricultural research,
00:10:31especially through its academic portal,
00:10:34represented by Mohammed VI Polytechnic University,
00:10:38which has an international reputation in sustainable
00:10:43climate
00:10:44changes.
00:10:49As you know, marginalized environments, especially
00:10:52desert areas, face several problems. They suffer from several problems, especially
00:10:56the problem of drought, the problem of climate changes,
00:10:59and especially the problem of salinity. So
00:11:02there are many lands that are affected by salinity,
00:11:05and also agricultural productivity in these
00:11:08areas decreases
00:11:11due to salinity. For this, we have carried out several
00:11:14projects, especially funded by
00:11:18the Phosboucraa Foundation, to find effective solutions
00:11:22for this problem of salinity and drought. These
00:11:26research programs focus on several crops,
00:11:29which are alternative
00:11:32crops that do not exist in desert areas.
00:11:36The importance of these crops is that they can
00:11:39withstand saline conditions, withstand drought conditions,
00:11:42and yield high production. These crops have an important
00:11:46role in achieving food sovereignty, because you have
00:11:49vast saline lands and saline groundwater.
00:11:52These sources
00:11:56need to be valued, and their valuation is done through these
00:11:59new crops, which are salt-tolerant crops
00:12:03that can withstand salinity. In this way,
00:12:06we can produce in these saline conditions and obtain high
00:12:10productivity compared to traditional agriculture. In this
00:12:14way, we can improve the income of farmers in the southern
00:12:17regions, and we can also increase
00:12:20the availability of fodder, because the problem
00:12:23of fodder is a big problem that livestock farmers face,
00:12:27especially in all Moroccan regions, and especially in
00:12:30agricultural
00:12:31desert areas.
00:12:37During the forum, the topic of alternative crops in fragile
00:12:41and arid regions was present through a seminar by researchers from
00:12:46in Sustainable Agriculture in Laayoune, affiliated
00:12:48with Mohammed VI Polytechnic University.
00:12:51Specializations.
00:12:55There are several platforms with different degrees of
00:12:58salinity. In terms of productivity that we have obtained
00:13:01in this first project,
00:13:04you can see that the productivity of forage crops
00:13:08is much better than that of traditional
00:13:11crops, for example. You can see that there is still
00:13:15enormous potential in the adoption
00:13:18of these crops, namely Setaria for example, in the yield
00:13:22per hectare, and also Blue panic grass. Blue panic grass
00:13:26was the crop that was truly appreciated by farmers.
00:13:29It is a perennial crop, and we will put a lot of emphasis
00:13:33and effort on this crop later in our research
00:13:36programs. So that's what we did in this project, we
00:13:39worked on capacity building, so we
00:13:42organized a lot of training sessions for
00:13:46farmers in the Laayoune region.
00:13:49This forum is an opportunity
00:13:51to
00:13:55the agricultural sector, especially farmers,
00:13:59those who provide consulting
00:14:02services, ministry officials,
00:14:05and private sector representatives.
00:14:09So, for us, this exhibition is an opportunity to present
00:14:12research results so that these researches are seen by farmers
00:14:16who have almost the same problems, and who can, for
00:14:19example, later try to use them to develop their productivity.
00:14:22In fact,
00:14:55at the farm level or at the field level,
00:15:00exhibition,
00:15:03with all stakeholders in the agricultural sector, including experts
00:15:07and researchers who present their research results, as we do
00:15:10here at the
00:15:13with the OCP Group, or the Cherifian
00:15:19in the South.
00:15:22Among the most important research hubs in agriculture is
00:15:25the one related to fertilization.
00:15:29increasing agricultural productivity without presenting the latest scientific
00:15:32developments in the field of fertilizers, their types,
00:15:34methods, and effects.
00:15:37You have spoken or explained that the
00:15:41plant prefers the nutritive elements that
00:15:45the soil solution contains. How do you
00:15:48explain or what
00:15:52will, of the soil solution? So, in fact, we
00:15:55are facing limits
00:15:58to how the plant absorbs nutrients or
00:16:01elements. So our intervention was
00:16:06with the ministry
00:16:08what aspects
00:16:11we can work on regarding the rationalization
00:16:14of fertilization. What do I mean by
00:16:18that? The rational use of fertilizers.
00:16:20I gave them examples of some
00:16:23fertilizers that we can save on, up to 5000
00:16:27dirhams per hectare in savings.
00:16:30I gave the example of potassium.
00:16:32Therefore,
00:16:37agricultural conditions of the land, soil, and leaf,
00:16:40we can manage our farm
00:16:44in a more
00:16:45rational way.
00:16:50The plant does not assimilate the elements that are at the level of the mineral
00:16:54elements with water. It cannot recover the
00:16:57elements like that, in quotation marks,
00:17:00solid. No, it recovers elements that are solubilized
00:17:03in water. This is what we call the soil solution. So the plant...
00:17:07apart from some exceptions, it will recover the
00:17:10elements it needs via the soil solution. It has no
00:17:13choice because if I give the example of nitrogen,
00:17:17nitrate for example, nitrogen goes with the plant when it
00:17:21water
00:17:24of water with the
00:17:28nitrates.
00:17:31Potassium, the element
00:17:35with nitrogen, constitutes a large
00:17:37percentage of the fertilizer budget in Morocco. We had an
00:17:41incident
00:17:45this element. We saved 100%
00:17:47of the fertilizer that
00:17:51people bring. We can
00:17:54dirhams, even 4000 dirhams per hectare. If we take the example
00:17:58of a 100-hectare farm, we are talking about
00:18:0150 million in savings, 50 million in savings on one element, which is
00:18:05potassium. This is not easy. This is the first main element.
00:18:08The second element we talked about was the method
00:18:11of fertilization. We talked about
00:18:15the method of fertilization, whether it's through spraying
00:18:18or through
00:18:24drip irrigation. The research we did showed that
00:18:27some elements indeed give positive
00:18:30results through irrigation, but
00:18:33there are other elements that, unfortunately, require
00:18:37rethinking the method of their fertilization. Here, we are
00:18:44we are talking about magnesium,
00:18:46and other elements. The International Agricultural Forum in Meknes,
00:18:49which focuses on the national strategy called the Green
00:18:53Generation, allocated a significant portion of its
00:18:56clusters to innovation and the transfer of modern
00:18:59technology in agriculture. This innovation cluster featured
00:19:03the latest innovations related to irrigation water management,
00:19:07the use of alternative energy
00:19:11engagement in digital farming and agricultural
00:19:13digitalization. The digital farm
00:19:17is a farm where we use
00:19:19everything digital, starting from the electronic
00:19:22interface. What is the electronic interface? It means that when
00:19:26the farmer comes to you,
00:19:29you prepare all the digital tools for him to use in his
00:19:33farming,
00:19:35digital card. We prepare it for him.
00:19:39Secondly, for the place where he is located,
00:19:42we prepare for him, for example, if he has
00:19:45some farming, we
00:19:49give him the fertilizers that he can use on his farm.
00:19:53Secondly, if he has any projects he wants to do, farming, he has land
00:19:56and he wants support, we help
00:19:59him with his file to prepare it
00:20:02for him and help him to submit it to get his assistance. First, we
00:20:06have one there that has three sensors
00:20:10soil at the root of the tree,
00:20:14showing us the salinity of the soil.
00:20:17The second shows the humidity,
00:20:20and the third shows the temperature. Why did
00:20:23we do these three? It's because if the salinity is high,
00:20:27you get a notification on your smart
00:20:30phone telling you that your salinity is high,
00:20:33and you have a problem, either with your irrigation or you didn't water well.
00:20:50The first fan measures the water pressure.
00:20:54That water pressure, we have the first one so that
00:20:57another one comes
00:20:58out. It's
00:21:01the last one. If there's a difference between the entry
00:21:04and the exit, it means that there's
00:21:08no problem. If our
00:21:10salinity was high, what it shows us
00:21:14is that you have a blockage, and we need to see where the problem
00:21:17is. Secondly, if we have a system,
00:21:21we have low pressure, it means that you have a leak in the dripper.
00:21:25All of this comes as a notification on your mobile phone,
00:21:29and it shows you that your land is
00:21:32well watered.
00:21:37in the agricultural sector is to make agriculture in our
00:21:41country more flexible and competitive,
00:21:44and more attractive to young talents to create
00:21:49businesses that rely mainly on
00:21:57preserving water resources and achieving modern, sustainable
00:22:03system that we are presenting at the exhibition
00:22:07is a new system developed by
00:22:10Moroccan engineers who
00:22:14worked on it until it came into existence.
00:22:17It is a product called "E-Solution"
00:22:20that helps
00:22:24farm. It consists of three