Google Cloud Speech-to-Text API (Chirp) + Gemini 2.5 Flash Non-Thinking. Treat it as a searchable index of what was broadcast, not a quotation record.
00:00:19And now, on BBC Persian TV, technology.
00:00:21فناوری.
00:00:47These past few weeks, there's been a lot of talk in Iran about Starlink again. Some people are talking about
00:00:51the possibility of mobile phones connecting to satellite internet
00:00:53especially in the southern regions of Iran. Also,
00:00:57government officials have made contradictory statements about cutting off
00:01:00Starlink for users in Iran. So what's the story?
00:01:03The answer is right here. Hello, I'm Hadi Nili, and this is Click, a program about
00:01:07technology. Some Iranian users on social networks have written that some
00:01:11people in the southern and southeastern regions of Iran have seen the possibility of connecting
00:01:15to Starlink satellite internet on their phones.
00:01:19So much so that some media outlets have also reported
00:01:21it. Reports from local sources in parts of
00:01:25Iran, especially border cities, state that the internet option
00:01:28on mobile phones for Starlink has been activated.
00:01:32Although the connection is not established, is this really
00:01:35new news? We've said it before right here on Click. Although this technology
00:01:39of direct connection to satellites is very exciting, especially for those who
00:01:43constantly have their internet shut off, we are still at the beginning
00:01:47of this technology and it has many limitations. The number of
00:01:50users it can cover at the moment is probably
00:01:54very, very limited. It's possible with Starlink. It's possible
00:01:57that a very limited number of people may gain access to this technology. But
00:02:00again, the key point is that we shouldn't have this idea
00:02:04that starting tomorrow, everyone in Iran will be able to connect directly to the internet
00:02:07through their phones. If this technology comes, another important point
00:02:11is that people should not fall victim to these scams.
00:02:15That is, suddenly messages appear in these Telegram groups saying that if you
00:02:19install such and such an application on your phone, you can immediately connect directly to satellite
00:02:22internet and also have a very good bandwidth. Unfortunately, many
00:02:26people might fall for such messages.
00:02:30They install the application, and then either their wallet is emptied or
00:02:33their bank accounts are actually misused
00:02:36and they get harmed. This is a very important point that our
00:02:40dear compatriots should pay attention to. Now, this is about
00:02:42rumors, or perhaps it's better to say dreams for now, about
00:02:46connecting phones to satellite internet in Iran. But what do government officials
00:02:50say? The Deputy Minister of Communications said in a meeting that with
00:02:53Starlink, the government no longer has control over the virtual space,
00:02:57including filtering and nationwide outages.
00:03:09Sir, this phenomenon is the last nail in the coffin of the Islamic Republic's rule.
00:03:12There will be nothing left after this. Then, the Secretary of the Supreme Council of
00:03:16Cyberspace responded that no, we have managed to disable Starlink terminals in
00:03:20Iran. Iran, almost
00:03:23Iran was almost the first country that could
00:03:27completely disable them.
00:03:42There is no evidence that the Iranian government has been able to disable a significant number
00:03:46of these devices. However, there are reports of
00:03:50investigations into owners of these devices and the arrest of some
00:03:53of these individuals. But regarding them, experts said that they probably did not
00:03:57observe security measures well. The government also made a lot of efforts
00:04:00to actually cut this off, but it was not successful.
00:04:04Now, they have tried to do this by interfering with GPS signals and
00:04:08similar actions. To some extent, they have been able to create disruptions, but they have never
00:04:12successfully been able to stop these Starlink terminals from
00:04:16working because of their special technology, which can provide
00:04:19a bandwidth of about 100 to over 100 megabits per second
00:04:23to users inside Iran. And those who have access to
00:04:27this technology should consider safety tips so that, God forbid,
00:04:30no problem arises for them. What, for example?
00:04:34To ensure the concealment of your identity and address when using
00:04:37Starlink, because this device is smuggled and illegal, it's important to obtain
00:04:41it from trusted sources. When you don't need the Starlink terminal,
00:04:45turn it off. Absolutely, absolutely do not enter
00:04:48Iranian apps and websites with Starlink internet because they can detect
00:04:52you have Starlink internet and track you. Do not use
00:04:55the device's own Wi-Fi. Connect a regular router
00:04:58to Starlink and get your Wi-Fi from that.
00:05:02But apart from these police confrontations,
00:05:05the Iranian government has been trying to restrict Starlink satellite internet
00:05:08in international forums since three years ago when Starlink
00:05:11was expanding in Iran, including by complaining to the International
00:05:15Telecommunication Union. Following this, the board of directors of
00:05:19this intergovernmental body asked Starlink to disable unauthorized terminals in
00:05:22Iran. Recently, the Iranian government also protested to Norway, asking why
00:05:26this request has not been implemented. Now, why Norway? Because Starlink has
00:05:30officially registered a part of its telecommunications
00:05:34infrastructure through Norway and the rest through the US,
00:05:38which recently had a 40-day conflict with Iran, and currently tensions between
00:05:41Iran and the US are high. However, civil groups and internet freedom activists
00:05:45protested this decision of the International Telecommunication Union
00:05:49and said that governments should not be the only ones with the right
00:05:52to comment on this. It seems the story of Iranians with Starlink will
00:05:56continue for a long
00:05:57time.
00:06:02Now, let's come back from space to Earth. Here, technology is changing
00:06:06everything so fast that if someone traveled from a few decades ago
00:06:10to today, they might think they went to space. This includes
00:06:13various kinds of robots, both tall and short, that are doing warehousing and other
00:06:17tasks instead of us humans. Suranjan and Tuwari
00:06:20went to visit one of these robot
00:06:22manufacturers.
00:06:30Every time you order clothes, food, or essential household items online,
00:06:33there's a chance that one of these has been involved.
00:06:37Across the world, in large warehouses,
00:06:41fleets of autonomous robots are revolutionizing the way
00:06:44orders are picked, packed, and shipped.
00:06:47کنن.
00:06:50A lot of this technology is currently being designed and manufactured in China, led by
00:06:54companies like Geek Plus, the largest supplier of autonomous
00:06:58mobile robots for warehousing in
00:07:00the world.
00:07:02In the early stages, the challenge is for customers to recognize
00:07:06these robotic technologies and believe that they are truly
00:07:09worthwhile. Currently, what we see in the market is that most
00:07:13companies worldwide are aware of the rapid expansion of automation
00:07:17and are using smart robotics to
00:07:20revolutionize their logistics departments.
00:07:23Years of investment in AI
00:07:26and robotics have helped China become a world leader
00:07:30in these fields.
00:07:32Warehouse automation has existed for decades. What has changed is that
00:07:36software can now coordinate hundreds of autonomous robots
00:07:40in real time. This way, companies can deploy robots
00:07:43without needing to build special infrastructure. In
00:07:47traditional warehouses, workers might have to walk very long distances
00:07:51to pick orders. But with this
00:07:54technology, goods come to the workers themselves. There is no
00:07:58predetermined path. There are only QR codes on the floor.
00:08:02With this technology, companies can stack goods even higher
00:08:05than usual. This way, since workers have to move less,
00:08:09they can process more orders faster
00:08:13and with fewer errors. Automation is entering more
00:08:17challenging areas. Some models of these driverless forklifts
00:08:21can handle up to 2,000 kilograms of weight and move heavy
00:08:24loads without a driver.
00:08:28The biggest retail companies in Britain, such as Next,
00:08:32Tesco, and Asda, are investing in this technology to better
00:08:35fulfill online orders.
00:08:39But as robots become more capable, questions arise about
00:08:42the future of work. Motion Technology, which deploys
00:08:46Geek Plus robots in British warehouses, says they are helping to solve
00:08:50one of the biggest problems in the logistics industry.
00:08:53The issue is not that robots are replacing workers.
00:08:57Apparently, there is currently a severe shortage of labor
00:09:01in Britain. As a result, these technologies are really important
00:09:05for business growth and also for meeting demand.
00:09:08Businesses, for development and moving forward, really need
00:09:19to perform many daily tasks that require skills and have so far been performed
00:09:23by humans. Geek Plus is designing
00:09:26humanoid robots equipped with AI to hand over some of
00:09:30these tasks to robots as well. The Chinese company Agile
00:09:34Bot has even gone further and is delivering its humanoid
00:09:37robots to factories to be used there for product
00:09:40inspection and sorting those with defects. These
00:09:44robots are designed so that for working in human environments,
00:09:48there is no need for factories to redesign
00:09:51their production lines from scratch.
00:09:54Those in the logistics industry say that the autonomous robots we
00:09:58have now still have a long way to go before they become fully operational
00:10:02for moving goods. Humanoid robots
00:10:05are a long-term goal for this industry, but it will still be some time until they become
00:10:09a common sight on factory floors and in warehouses.
00:10:12These past few weeks, you've seen reports from Arezoo Mirzakhani from the Berlin Technology
00:10:16Exhibition, IFA, which is the largest such event
00:10:20in Europe. Now let's take another look at the Berlin exhibition.
00:10:23برلین یه سو
00:10:41A device that a sound engineer designed to get rid of the troubles of
00:10:44his teenage daughter, who is an independent artist.
00:10:47کرده.
00:10:57In fact, he was tired of having to set up all the equipment
00:11:00from scratch every time he wanted to record or produce content with his daughter,
00:11:04a task that is both time-consuming and prone to
00:11:08breaking down or not working properly. So he designed
00:11:12this device that virtually eliminates all these
00:11:15troubles and makes work easier for artists.
00:11:18Of course, this device is not only for artists. Content
00:11:22creators, actors, and even people who
00:11:26record themselves at home for tests or trial performances
00:11:29can also use
00:11:32it.
00:11:35Inside this device, which from the outside looks like a microphone,
00:11:38there are several separate gadgets and components. For example,
00:11:42it has an audio interface, something that is usually sold as a separate
00:11:45device. It also has monitors for the ears that work
00:11:49wirelessly. You can put them in your ears
00:11:52and use them.
00:11:56Both sides of the device also have receivers.
00:11:59Now I'm connecting it to my phone.
00:12:03کنم.
00:12:05The device is now connected to my phone. It has two types of microphones:
00:12:09condenser and an amplified radio microphone.
00:12:13This means you can have a one-way or two-way recording mode.
00:12:16And now you should be able to hear your own voice in your
00:12:20ears.
00:12:23The idea of having a complete studio in such a small
00:12:26device can be a very revolutionary idea if it really
00:12:30works. The sound quality I heard just now was good,
00:12:34but we have to see if when a musician
00:12:37records sound
00:12:40and then we listen to it, does it really have
00:12:44that sound quality?
00:12:48I can adjust the microphone
00:12:52according to the room space. Now it's on "Gain."
00:13:55Compressor, limiter, and various other settings
00:13:59of this type are also available. Therefore, with these settings, we can
00:14:02adjust the microphone according to the room space. Now, if I only
00:14:06want to record a few seconds of audio, for example, a few lines
00:14:10of an idea for a podcast or for
00:14:12an interview, I can use this. As you can
00:14:16see, the device is currently in recording mode. If I want to
00:14:19record a song, I essentially connect it using
00:14:23the USB cable that comes with the device.
00:14:27In this mode, there is almost no delay. Of course, even with
00:14:30this wireless receiver, the delay is almost zero.
00:14:34This functionality is part of the exclusive technology of
00:14:38this device. This means less work in the post-production
00:14:41stage. For a musician, it also means that when
00:14:44they sing, the lyrics are exactly on beat
00:14:48and are not heard behind
00:14:52the beat.
00:15:04You can even use it for live performances. You can connect
00:15:08it to a live sound system and perform,
00:15:12for example, in a small cafe or for
00:15:15street
00:15:16performances.
00:15:21We use this device for live interviews, live podcasts,
00:15:25and similar tasks.
00:15:27کنیم.
00:15:33It's a technology company that says musicians founded
00:15:36it.
00:15:40I was lucky enough to become friends with an artist whose music
00:15:44I had listened to since childhood. He is a member of the
00:15:47Gengstar Foundation. Jerrod Damja is currently
00:15:51on tour. He took one of the devices with him on tour
00:15:55and one day he was contacted by a big hip-hop
00:15:58producer who said they needed a piece of his voice
00:16:02right now. He said,
00:16:05داریم اون هم گفت
00:16:54AI and its mischief or suspicious activities reminds us of
00:16:58this. The same company you've surely heard about its ChatGPT and probably
00:17:02used many times, OpenAI, said its AI agents
00:17:05went after websites.
00:17:29are being tested. They have two goals: one main goal, which is, for example,
00:17:33in this case that arose for the Ministry of Education,
00:17:36the model was supposed to find some statistics, and it pursues that
00:17:40goal. A part of the reward it
00:17:43receives is for the goal, the reward of persistence, how much it insists
00:17:47to achieve that goal and reach its
00:17:50reward. Now, what happens is that no one may directly say, "Go hack
00:17:54this website," but the reward for being able to find
00:17:57that number and that statistic is so great that the model does
00:18:01everything to reach that number and that data. As a result, when
00:18:05we are optimizing for only one thing,
00:18:08the model has no constraints to stop it from doing
00:18:12something bad. It wasn't like the model said, "Oh, I want to go hack the website of
00:18:15the embassy or the education website."
00:18:18The point is that it wants a number and is willing to do anything to get
00:18:22that number. Concerns about rogue behavior and unauthorized
00:18:25actions of AI agents have been rising for several
00:18:29months. Now, numerous cases have been revealed where these
00:18:33agents exhibited alarming behaviors, and these are just the cases
00:18:36that have been found out. When a model is being optimized to
00:18:40learn something, the optimization method is that you have a
00:18:43function that you are optimizing and the model is supposed to reach a
00:18:47goal. For example, here, if it can get that number, which I think was the
00:18:50ratio of people who faced a problem in education,
00:18:54such a number, the model has to obtain this statistic. Until the
00:18:58model obtains this statistic, it has practically not reached its goal and the
00:19:02optimization has not been done. Now, just to achieve this, it is willing to do
00:19:05anything. The reward for the model is reaching the goal, for example, this
00:19:09is your prize. When you are optimizing and you have several goals, in the end
00:19:13one goal wins. Imagine you have a dog and you are rewarding
00:19:16it, for example, with food. It is supposed to learn to jump. Now, the point is, for
00:19:20that dog, is the reward more important or is it not jumping on a stranger
00:19:24when it jumps? When the food reward is more important, it doesn't
00:19:28care if it's a stranger, or a friend, or its owner. It's the same
00:19:32for models. You can define several goals, but in the end one goal
00:19:35wins, and the biggest goal is to access
00:19:39that number. No matter how much you tell it, "Okay, don't hack this website, don't do
00:19:42this," if the reward for achieving that ultimate goal
00:19:46is so strong, the model might do it. Just like humans, dogs, or anything
00:19:50you are training might do something like that.
00:19:53Now, what's the solution? How can AI agents be made to understand
00:19:57that some things are red lines? For example, companies that own widely used
00:20:01AI tools, from ChatGPT and Gemini to Claude, have now prevented
00:20:05these AI models from doing this.
00:20:37From the beginning, companies like OpenAI considered this. We wouldn't be in this
00:20:41situation now. But now, as you said, for example, it used to talk about suicide, but now it doesn't
00:20:45do that anymore. Now, if we include these things in their training
00:20:48for hacking, these problems can be reduced significantly.
00:20:52The only issue is that until now, the main problem has not been security,
00:20:55and suddenly this is a huge problem. Many
00:20:59experts, including those involved in these AI tools, warn
00:21:02that in the coming months, we will hear more and more about such cases
00:21:06where AI has crossed the line without being told. The concern
00:21:10is that soon the internet will be full of AI hackers who are accountable
00:21:14to no one.
00:21:32Despite all the new software and hardware advancements,
00:21:35we still don't have a universal and user-friendly tool for sign language
00:21:39translation. A group of young Kenyans have been working on a prototype.
00:21:42One difficulty is that sign languages vary in different
00:21:46regions, and if someone wants to create something similar
00:21:50for Iran, it must be adapted to Iranian sign language.
00:21:53Reporting.
00:21:55میده.
00:22:02Here we are at a technology center in the heart of Nairobi,
00:22:05the capital of Kenya, to meet Ellie Savatia, founder of Sign
00:22:08Verse and creator of Tap 360. The platform he has
00:22:12launched is equipped with AI to help bridge language gaps
00:22:15and increase accessibility by making it easier.
00:22:50Then comes Tap
00:22:52Web, which integrates with websites and web pages, making the
00:22:56sign language translator accessible with a widget.
00:23:00Our goal was to automate sign language. We thought it would be
00:23:03good to be inspired by animations. At first, we actually created
00:23:07animations manually that spoke sign language.
00:23:11But we realized that our product was not scalable this
00:23:15way. Meaning it couldn't be expanded. We received a grant from the
00:23:18Kenyan President's Innovation Award and used it to purchase
00:23:22a motion capture suit.
00:23:25کردیم
00:23:31What made you think of using 3D avatars?
00:23:35Honestly, a lot of it was inspired by James Cameron's films.
00:23:38We looked at how characters are brought to life in Avatar
00:23:42films and even some Marvel films. We examined
00:23:45their use of technology and found that
00:23:48it really mixes. With the motion capture suit, we can digitally
00:23:52capture sign language movements. Of course, until now, we had
00:23:56to use human interpreters for sign language translation for
00:23:59deaf audiences. But, well, human
00:24:03translation cannot be scaled, meaning it's not possible in
00:24:07large numbers.
00:24:10So far, Tap 360 has been trained to translate about 6,000 English
00:24:14words into Kenyan sign language. This team is trying
00:24:18to develop this sign language model.
00:25:20to come to our offices and help us work on
00:25:24validation, that is words and
00:25:27also data collection.
00:25:30more languages are spoken, for
00:25:33example, English,
00:25:36French, but when it is interpreted
00:25:39into sign language, it
00:25:42changes and it has its
00:25:45own grammar rule. We
00:25:48are coming to close. The gap where communication
00:25:52barrier for deaf people
00:25:55is.
00:26:03Tools like this didn't exist before. Now we are only working
00:26:06for the deaf community. Disability can take many
00:26:10more forms. When you see that your innovation helps people,
00:26:14when you get feedback from users, how do you feel?
00:26:17Getting feedback from those we serve has been really
00:26:21encouraging. Seeing the involvement of the deaf
00:26:24community itself in improving this platform is very
00:26:27exciting. To witness our solution evolving
00:26:31beautifully over
00:26:35time.
00:26:35زمان.
00:26:41As always, you can also watch our previous programs on YouTube. Just scan this
00:26:45code to reach our playlist on YouTube. For example, if you'd like to watch
00:26:48our previous programs from the Berlin exhibition if you haven't seen them yet. I'm also
00:26:52on Instagram. Here are the options for the Click program and also the latest tech news.
00:26:55I publish or republish them there. You can write to me there and tell me what
00:26:59you think about the reports you've seen. Do you know anyone who would benefit from
00:27:03an automatic sign language translator? Are you worried about AI hackers?
00:27:06Do you think robots are replacing humans or
00:27:10are they more likely to be our helpers? Write to me. Until the next
00:27:14Click programs and new stories from the world of technology, goodbye.
00:29:34name, phone number, or picture. Even us.
00:30:22For the first few months, we didn't know where the children were. That night, they kidnapped the children
00:30:25from their home. They kidnapped them without any warrant, without
00:30:29having any warrant. My aunt and my relatives.
00:30:32I went daily from one court to another, from one hospital
00:30:36to another, to forensic medicine. For several
00:30:40days, they were at the gate of Dowlatabad prison.
00:30:44BBC Persian's exclusive report on the ambiguous case
00:30:47of Shohada Square in Isfahan on the International Day
00:30:50Against the Death Penalty. The noose still hangs around the necks of the
00:30:54protesters of December. We will speak with a human rights activist and ask.