Google Cloud Speech-to-Text API (Chirp) + Gemini 2.5 Flash Non-Thinking. Treat it as a searchable index of what was broadcast, not a quotation record.
00:00:02Russian Federation, pilot-cosmonaut, Oleg Novitsky!
00:00:17Oleg Viktorovich, you have the right to refuse to answer a question three times,
00:00:21and pay attention to the questions, at the end of the program,
00:00:24you will have to choose the best one, now you have one
00:00:28minute to briefly tell us about... yourself, time
00:00:31has started.
00:00:36I was born on October 12, 1971 in the city
00:00:39of Cherven, Minsk region, it's very close to Minsk,
00:00:43literally 60 km away, I graduated from high school, from childhood
00:00:47I dreamed of becoming a military pilot, I diligently prepared for
00:00:51this, and I was lucky to enter the Borisoglebsk
00:00:54Higher Military Aviation School for pilots. After graduation,
00:00:57I served for a long time in... in the Caucasus,
00:01:01I submitted documents to the Air Force Academy, and after graduating from the academy,
00:01:04I learned that they were recruiting for the cosmonaut corps. During my time at the cosmonaut training
00:01:08center, I completed three flights into open space, and performed three spacewalks.
00:01:12Now I am preparing for my fourth
00:01:15short flight with our countrywomen, one of them
00:01:19will fly, and today I am happy to be present at our meeting, I
00:01:22will finish.
00:01:25You made it in 1 minute, Oleg Viktorovich, flight
00:01:28is normal, excellent. So, we have 100
00:01:32children in the studio, each of them has a question, let's see how many
00:01:35questions you manage to answer, who will start. Oleg
00:01:38Viktorovich, when did you first want to become
00:01:41a cosmonaut? My dream was to become a military pilot, but I always liked
00:01:45to look at the dark starry sky, when the opportunity arose, I immediately
00:01:48took it.
00:01:50Who helped you become who you are now? Who
00:01:54influenced this the most? The school had a very strong
00:01:57influence, because...
00:02:02my father had a very strong influence on me, who instilled some of his
00:02:06traits in me, the instructors gave a lot during flight
00:02:09training, who taught not only how to fly, but also how to
00:02:13behave accordingly, well, as for cosmonautics, yes,
00:02:16one can simply think about Yuri Alekseevich Gagarin, who flew into the unknown,
00:02:20he was not afraid, he knew that he might not return from there,
00:02:24there was no such concept as living in space, how to fly there, how the body
00:02:27would behave, dogs.
00:02:38That's certainly good, but a human is a thinking being, so to speak, and how he will behave alone in the ship, but nevertheless he coped with it, this is also a very good example to
00:02:42follow and for life in
00:02:44general.
00:02:47Oleg Viktorovich, we are turning 180 degrees,
00:02:50a question from the black sector, please, raise your hand, who is asking
00:02:53the question? Hello, Olegrovich, how did your
00:02:57family react to this career choice, or were they also
00:03:00cosmonauts? No, they were not cosmonauts, my family found
00:03:04out practically at the last moment, because the selection
00:03:07process took a very long time, I later informed my father
00:03:11and mother that I had indeed passed the selection, because it was not necessary
00:03:14to talk about it prematurely.
00:03:16Thank you.
00:03:18The next question is on the left, yellow sector. Hello, my name is Vera,
00:03:22please tell me, how did you study at school, what subjects
00:03:26were your favorites, and which ones were not so much? I studied at school. My favorite
00:03:37subjects were
00:03:39physics, geometry,
00:03:43physical education, initial military training, geography.
00:03:46Oleg Viktorovich, can you tell us an interesting story from
00:03:50school? Well, all the stories at school were interesting, for some reason I only
00:03:53remember the good ones, like going to classes, I always, even
00:03:57now when I look, really liked the school uniform. I liked that we
00:04:00had labor classes, I don't know if they still exist now, but they do,
00:04:04yes, so we were prepared for a profession from childhood, the guys there learned,
00:04:08for example, to work with wood and metal, and even back then, when we were
00:04:11little, there weren't as many toys as there are now, we mostly made everything
00:04:15ourselves, thank you, turning
00:04:18180 degrees, a question from the purple sector, please, raise
00:04:22your hand, Oleg Viktorovich, what is the brightest moment from your
00:04:26childhood that you would like to relive, if you had the chance? The brightest
00:04:30moment, well, again, it's hard to say, now
00:04:32it just came to mind, when we played
00:04:35soccer, at our school's stadium, I managed
00:04:39to score a goal with my head, falling backwards,
00:04:42that was cool, thank you very much.
00:04:56How is a cosmonaut prepared for flight? Well, a cosmonaut prepares for
00:04:59flight for a very long time, because first we undergo general space
00:05:03training, which is about one and a half to two years, then there is group
00:05:06specialization training, also one and a half years, then, if
00:05:10you are assigned to a crew, and statistically, half of the selected
00:05:13cosmonauts don't fly, then you start preparing for your flight for about one and a half
00:05:17years, that is, the minimum period is about 5 years. What can cause
00:05:20a flight to be postponed? Well, probably,
00:05:23first of all, due to safety concerns, because the
00:05:27launch window is not very large, meaning a rocket malfunction, unfavorable
00:05:31weather conditions, although all this is predicted much in advance, but nevertheless, for
00:05:34such reasons, a flight may be delayed. We continue
00:05:38moving to the left, red sector. Hello,
00:05:42my name is. Artemiy,
00:05:44is a rocket launch similar to a plane takeoff? No,
00:05:48a plane takes off, so to speak, after a short run-up
00:05:52and smoothly gains altitude, while a rocket launches practically
00:05:54vertically, and the g-forces on a rocket are
00:05:58several times greater than during a plane takeoff.
00:06:01Why do parts fall off a rocket during
00:06:05launch? Well, they don't fall off, that would be a bad rocket, if they
00:06:08fell off. In fact, these are simply expended stages.
00:06:12They separate according to the flight program and fall to
00:06:15Earth. Hello, my name is Yulia.
00:06:18Tell me, were you scared to make your first flight into space, and what were your
00:06:22feelings? Well, I probably wasn't scared, it was probably terrifyingly
00:06:26interesting, because you never know and have never
00:06:29experienced what such sensations are like. The stories of
00:06:32those comrades and friends who have already completed their flight are only their
00:06:35impressions, so you simply await your first impressions,
00:06:39which will appear. And the most vivid, probably, was when... the head fairing
00:06:43flaps opened, and you could see the planet in the window, even if only for a short time,
00:06:46during the rocket's launch process. Do you
00:06:50like the feeling of risk? I think
00:06:53every man likes it. Thank you very much for
00:06:56your answer. Turning
00:06:59180 degrees. Yellow sector. Tell me,
00:07:02please, does a rocket have a steering wheel? Well, on
00:07:05the engines in the first stage there are so-called fins, small
00:07:09rudders. But overall, the rocket, of course, is controlled with the help of.
00:08:42How long can one stay in open space? Well, it depends on
00:08:45the intensity of the cosmonaut's work in the spacesuit, about 8-9
00:08:48hours, that is, as long as the carbon dioxide scrubber cartridge lasts.
00:08:52Why is the spacesuit so big? Well, if we take the spacesuit that cosmonauts
00:08:56wear for flights on the spacecraft, it's not very big,
00:08:59it weighs about 13 kg. But the spacesuit that
00:09:02is designed for spacewalks is indeed large, weighing over 100
00:09:06kg. And its size depends on the need to
00:09:09accommodate all the life support systems for the cosmonaut, specifically
00:09:13ensuring safe work in open space. And what
00:09:16do you do if your nose itches? You can
00:09:19scratch it inside the spacesuit, and there are some elements inside, there's even
00:09:23a Valsalva device that helps relieve
00:09:26pressure on the eardrums during pressure changes, so you can scratch
00:09:29your nose calmly.
00:09:32Hello, my name is Victoria, what do cosmonauts wear under their spacesuit?
00:09:36Again, if we take the spacesuit worn for flights on the ship, only
00:09:40cotton underwear is worn. If we take spacesuits for spacewalks,
00:09:44cotton underwear is also worn, and on top of that, a blue
00:09:48liquid cooling garment is worn, that is, a suit made
00:09:52up of capillary tubes
00:09:55to remove heat from the human body, from a person's body.
00:09:59Cotton underwear is used because in a pure oxygen
00:10:02atmosphere, either in the spacecraft or spacesuit, there is a possibility of oxygen ignition from
00:10:06static electricity, so only cotton underwear is used. Can you take
00:10:10your favorite tracksuits to space, for example?
00:10:13You need to understand why they are there, because each cosmonaut
00:10:17is fully provided with food and clothing, but
00:10:20a cosmonaut has the right to take some personal items, but usually they take some letters,
00:10:24photographs, small souvenirs. For those colleagues
00:10:27who, for example, have a birthday on orbit, or for example,
00:10:31New Year, and you want to make a small surprise for each of them,
00:10:34all these things undergo a special commission so that they are not
00:10:38dangerous for the crew in zero gravity conditions, so that they do not
00:10:41crumble, so that they are not glass items, not piercing, not cutting, not
00:10:44having a strong smell.
00:10:51The next question to your left is the yellow sector. How do
00:10:55cosmonauts eat, is it tasty or not? Well, judging by the size of my face, we
00:10:59don't starve there, believe me, there's very little food in tubes now,
00:11:02it's mostly freeze-dried food, that is, cooked and dehydrated, there's also
00:11:06a lot of food in canned goods, in large and small cans,
00:11:10only honey and a few types of
00:11:13seasonings are left in tubes. What home food do you miss most
00:11:17in space? Well, probably, like any person, they miss exactly
00:11:21what they are deprived of, that is, if we cannot cook shish kebab on the station, then of course
00:11:25they want shish kebab, for example, or fried eggs, fried potatoes, because all
00:11:29these products cannot be cooked there. Oleg Viktorovich, is alcohol
00:11:32allowed? No, alcohol is prohibited on
00:11:35the station.
00:11:38A question from the violet sector, how do you sleep in zero gravity, and do you ever
00:11:42have insomnia? Cosmonauts sleep in special sleeping bags that
00:11:46are attached to the station's hull. On the Russian segment, there are three
00:11:49cabins, so in principle, each crew member has their own cabin, it's
00:11:52small, and the cosmonaut closes their sleeping bag,
00:11:55zips it up and rests in it, so
00:11:59to speak. Insomnia, I
00:12:03never suffered from it, but at first during the first flight it was difficult to fall asleep, because the body didn't feel
00:12:07that support against the back, and at first I had to just brace
00:12:10my knees against the wall of the cabin to make it feel like
00:12:13there was some support. Well, that passed in about two or three weeks. And
00:12:17what dreams do you have in space? I don't even have them on Earth,
00:12:20so I slept peacefully in space. How do
00:12:23cosmonauts wash and use the toilet in space? Well,
00:12:27in a pure sense, we don't have such a process as washing. We have
00:12:30a huge number of various napkins, towels, wet wipes with
00:12:34some scented impregnations. So you
00:12:37can wipe yourself with wet wipes until you are absolutely clean. In principle,
00:12:40this is the essence of all hygiene. Cosmonauts use the toilet,
00:12:43how can I explain it to you simply? Well, probably like
00:12:47a vacuum cleaner, that is, there must be some transporting air
00:12:50flow that
00:12:53sucks up all your waste
00:12:55and then stores it until disposal.
00:12:59Who cleans and takes out the trash in space? We
00:13:02do the cleaning ourselves, astronauts clean their segment,
00:13:06Russian cosmonauts clean their segment of the ISS, so we vacuum,
00:13:09treat all surfaces with a special solution, we work in gloves
00:13:13to prevent the growth of any
00:13:16bacteria, and the trash is then placed in specially
00:13:19sealed bags,
00:13:22compressed as much as possible so as not to take up too much space later. Sector
00:13:55What do you usually do on the space station? Well, first of all,
00:13:59we prepare according to the training program, that is, for a year and a half
00:14:03before launch, we study the entire flight program, all experiments, all
00:14:06repair and recovery work, all kinds of equipment replacements, that is,
00:14:09our planning goes so far that in a year and a half we start studying what
00:14:13we will do after docking with the station. And
00:14:16how do you spend your weekends in space, or do you not have them there, or
00:14:20maybe there are some entertainments?
00:14:22We do have weekends, usually Saturday, Sunday is a day off, but Saturday for us is
00:14:26almost more than half the day occupied with cleaning,
00:14:30so on weekends we continue to do sports, this is mandatory for about
00:14:342-2 and a half hours, and as such,
00:14:36I try not to allow free time, because it's easier for a person to
00:14:40be away from their friends, from loved ones,
00:14:43when they are busy with some work, so we look for any work, we
00:14:47take photos, make video recordings.
00:14:50The next question is from the yellow sector, to your left,
00:14:52what
00:14:55can you see from space on Earth? Well, you can see practically everything, if you
00:14:58want, we have very good optics, powerful
00:15:02magnification. We monitor a lot
00:15:06of environmental issues,
00:15:09this is good in an operational sense, because if we see
00:15:12any spills, for example oil or other
00:15:15things, we try to report them to Earth immediately.
00:15:18And if there is no such special equipment on Earth
00:15:22that can track all this, then our help is very
00:15:26much needed by people. And can you see
00:15:28Belarus? Belarus is visible, but you need to know your way around well,
00:15:32because there are no drawn borders on Earth, like on
00:15:36contour maps. Therefore, you need to approach it competently, that is, when
00:15:40you are already flying over Europe, you should roughly understand where
00:15:43Belarus is, when its borders begin, and it is
00:15:47not visible on every orbit, so it was very difficult to
00:15:50photograph all my native places, due to
00:15:53the weather, due to the fact that the orbits do not pass over Belarus.
00:15:57They say the universe is boundless, can you
00:16:00imagine that, do you manage to? Yes, in my first
00:16:04flight I managed to imagine it,
00:16:07because we... observed a comet,
00:16:10which the Canadian astronaut Chris
00:16:13Hadfield showed us, with a hint from Earth, then I realized
00:16:17how vast the universe is, because a comet that flies at enormous
00:16:20speed, we observed it for almost 3 days in almost the same
00:16:24place, that is, it flies at enormous speed, simply enormous, and yet
00:16:28we still saw it for three days, so
00:16:29I realized that the universe is indeed simply
00:16:38huge. The question to your left, yellow sector, yellow, yellow, yellow, well, my head
00:16:42will spin like that, let's check.
00:16:45Hello, my name is Lisa, could you compare space to anything,
00:16:49if yes, then what? Well, perhaps I cannot compare space to anything at the moment,
00:16:53because there is no second such concept,
00:16:57perhaps,
00:16:59of some greatness, unconquered
00:17:03something, yes, we can work, but again, we work at a
00:17:06distance of kilometers from Earth, although we say that yes, we fly into space,
00:17:10in fact, this distance is like from me to Moscow,
00:17:13and to say that we are conquering it is also not possible, we
00:17:16adapt, it is not our environment, new greatness,
00:17:20it conquers, of course, when you realize that you are in some
00:17:23single point, you are like a speck of dust or a grain of sand in the entire vast
00:17:26universe, and you don't know what is located somewhere, perhaps
00:17:30nearby or far away, you don't understand, you can't operate with such
00:17:34concepts, because this is still unknown to man. The next question
00:17:38to your right is the red sector. Please tell me,
00:17:40what happens if a person gets sick in
00:17:43space, and how long will it take for a doctor to arrive?
00:17:47Is it even possible to get sick there? Well, first of all, the training
00:17:50implies that we don't get sick, and a cosmonaut
00:17:53initially, even a cosmonaut candidate, is selected with the expectation
00:17:56that their health reserve will allow them to complete not one flight, but
00:18:00several. And in the process of training, we have several
00:18:03medical commissions a year, when we are checked, very serious examinations are performed.
00:18:08Before the launch at Baikonur, we arrive there two weeks in advance, it's already an
00:18:11isolation regime, no one even shakes hands with the crew, and the closer to
00:18:15the launch, the more cosmonauts generally
00:18:18communicate with the press, with some specialists already through
00:18:21glass, but nevertheless, there is a huge stock of
00:18:24medications on the station, if something happens to the cosmonaut, well, let's
00:18:28say, although I don't remember such a case, then
00:18:31the communication channel is closed, he can talk to a doctor and the doctor will
00:18:35give him some recommendations. But getting sick on the station is difficult, of course, mainly
00:18:39some minor injuries, scratches, bruises can occur.
00:18:42Can they be quarantined? There's nowhere to quarantine there, the station is not
00:18:46very big. Turning
00:18:50180 degrees, a question from the black sector, do you have
00:18:54a family, children, and what do they do? Yes, I have two wonderful
00:18:57daughters, the elder is 26 years old, she works
00:19:01for the Moscow City Telecommunication Network,
00:19:04and the younger one is 7 years old and goes to first grade in
00:19:07Star City. And also, would you like
00:19:11your children to follow in your footsteps, or do they not have such a
00:19:14desire? Well, I would like my children, just like
00:19:18me, to find their beloved profession, and to strive
00:19:21to fully realize themselves in it. Hello, Oleg
00:19:24Viktorovich, I wanted to ask a question: how long
00:19:27does a flight usually last? Well, it varies for everyone, mostly
00:19:31recently we've been flying for about six months, plus or minus a few
00:19:35days. Now Oleg Kononenko, the commander... has left for a year-long
00:19:38flight. My flight, for example, will be shorter, about
00:19:412 weeks. So it all depends on the flight program and its goals. Oleg
00:19:45Viktorovich, what was your longest
00:19:49flight? 193 days. Wow,
00:19:52applause. Turning
00:19:56180 degrees. Question from the violet sector. Do you have the opportunity
00:20:00to communicate with loved ones during the flight? Yes, such
00:20:02an opportunity exists, you can call using so-called IP telephony.
00:20:06Our partners. a slight
00:20:16delay of about 2-3 seconds, this must be taken into account, and once a
00:20:19week a video conference
00:20:22is arranged with loved ones, where you can communicate with them via video call.
00:20:26Now, for example, the station's resources allow
00:20:29you to use Wi-Fi that is inside, you can fly around the station with a laptop or tablet,
00:20:33show the entire interior and...
00:20:37show views of Earth through the emulator. Can you
00:20:40send packages to you? Yes, you can, usually in the cargo ship the family
00:20:44packs some parcels. We have
00:20:47a psychological support group, they can also put something in. But usually not very
00:20:51big ones, because the cargo flow is very, so to speak, expensive.
00:20:54In general, these are small bonuses for the cosmonaut,
00:20:57such as, for example, oranges, yes, someone might ask for
00:21:00a tomato, someone for an onion, someone, I don't know, a book or
00:21:04a movie, that is, all this is welcome. What will definitely not
00:21:07be allowed? Well, for example, no one will let you send a canister of
00:21:10gasoline. The next question is to your left,
00:21:13this is the black sector. Please introduce yourself. Hello, my name is
00:21:17Masha, I have a question, are there any?
00:22:20They think they were on the moon, but some think it's a staged event
00:22:23filmed in Hollywood. What do you think about it? Well, I,
00:22:27probably, unfortunately or fortunately, wasn't there in those times
00:22:31when they flew to the moon, but at least Alexey
00:22:34Arkhipovich Leonov said that yes, they had a flight, they were there,
00:22:37so I think one can rely on the opinion of such a significant
00:22:40person. Which are the most developed countries in the field of
00:22:44space? Well, undoubtedly, these are probably all the countries that
00:22:47are participants in the ISS project, that is... around 15-16
00:22:51countries, but the most powerful, of course, are Russia,
00:22:54America and probably China now, and
00:22:58of course, Belarus is also a space power. And why is Russia
00:23:02the main space power, what does that mean? Well, that means,
00:23:06first of all, that we are the first space power, we were the first to launch a satellite, the first to
00:23:09launch a human into space, the first to go out into open space, we have a lot
00:23:13of achievements, so I believe that our leadership in this regard should not
00:23:17be questioned. Thank you.
00:23:20Turning 180 degrees. Oleg
00:23:22Viktorovich, a question from the yellow sector awaits you. Please introduce yourself. Hello, my
00:23:26name is Liza, is the International Space Station old? This year
00:23:30it turned 25 years old. And what will happen
00:23:33to it when its operational life ends? Will humanity be without
00:23:36space? Humanity will not be without space, just as space will not be without
00:23:39people. We already have a project
00:23:42now, a Russian orbital
00:23:46station is being developed. As for the ISS, its lifespan
00:23:51in orbit is slightly extended, because it is still in
00:23:54pretty good condition, and the question of its
00:23:57future is being decided by all space
00:24:00agencies. This is not a unilateral decision by
00:24:04one country, it will be a collective decision on what to do with it next.
00:24:36Belarusian cuisine and its traditions have been forming for
00:24:39several centuries. And together with
00:24:42Lyudmila Pavlovna Chirkun, we will be making kvass with
00:24:46burbot. While our kvass is being prepared, we will prepare the frying.
00:25:20pork, we have pork tongue, and we will not
00:25:23take it all, we will take this part,
00:25:27where it is more fatty, Grandma
00:25:31is more delicate, fluffy,
00:25:35such a fragrance of it, oh, this is lard,
00:25:38look, culinary-historical show,
00:25:41Belarusian cuisine on our
00:25:42TV channel
00:25:46we talk about the most interesting things from the world of science:
00:25:50This activity is equally useful at any
00:25:52age, for a child or a pensioner. It treats
00:25:56the back, trains the lungs, relieves stress, and is rightly considered
00:26:00one of the safest types
00:26:02of cardio training, as you may have already guessed, today we will
00:26:06talk about swimming, we will share
00:26:09amazing facts, ask the most exciting
00:26:13questions and find answers to them. But as
00:26:16I understand, designing an attraction is not
00:26:20just drawing a beautiful
00:26:22track, but it requires certain calculations, that's where it all
00:26:26starts, right? Tell us, the calculations
00:26:29for an attraction are based first on the technical
00:26:32assignment, where the customer defines what
00:26:36they need. Watch in the popular science project
00:26:39Science Nearby on Belarus 24
00:26:42TV channel.
00:26:46Every day we work to ensure that you receive the freshest
00:26:50and most useful information. The twenty-five minute format
00:26:54allows us to tell you what is happening in the country and the world:
00:26:57take a linguistic walk in the company of our guides around the city
00:27:01and language. Find a new place on the map of Belarus
00:27:05that is definitely worth seeing, get to know the traditions
00:27:08of our ancestors better, and also offer projects and
00:27:12films that will surely become your favorites. This
00:27:15and much more awaits you in the project Ether
00:27:1924x7, watch on Belarus
00:27:2224
00:27:23TV channel.
00:27:45The film "The Challenge" was shot on the International Space Station, in which you
00:27:48also participated. Please tell us your impressions. Well, the impressions
00:27:52are very interesting, if only because we were never trained
00:27:55to perform an actor's job,
00:27:59just as the guys were not trained for space.
00:28:36the number of people they replaced on
00:28:39Earth, whom they could replace, yes, and behind
00:28:43the scenes, probably, an enormous amount of material was left,
00:28:46since I know from the 10 days they worked in orbit and
00:28:50filmed there, not all the time, only at designated hours, but
00:28:54the film, as far as I remember, was only 38 minutes long, so a lot of material was just left on
00:28:58Klim's storage devices. And what in the film
00:29:01was true and what was not? Well, first of all, it's true that they
00:29:04still filmed this movie in space, no matter how many people said that it was
00:29:08a studio shoot, but it's likely not true, everyone
00:29:11understands that Yulia would not have been allowed to go out into open space, although
00:29:15Klim's idea was excellent, it all
00:29:18looks very, well, plausible and interesting. Did you watch the movie?
00:29:22Yes, I watched it, of course, I am very critical of myself,
00:29:25since I remember all these moments, how we were filmed, who felt
00:29:28this moment, so I cannot judge the quality of my work as
00:29:32an actor. Tell me, on Earth there are many disagreements between people, in
00:29:36space do you get along with each other or are there still some disputes on
00:29:40the International Space Station, and if so, for what reason?
00:29:44Well, there are no disputes as such, because everyone perfectly understands where we are, you cannot
00:29:47quarrel with a person, go out and slam the door, and then not talk to them, there's
00:29:51nowhere to go. As for events on Earth,
00:29:55we perfectly understand that Earth is our common home, when you
00:29:58fly, you don't see borders, in this regard you don't understand
00:30:02why wars happen, why some such
00:30:06human catastrophes happen, why people die
00:30:10because of decisions, for example, of superiors, and
00:30:14accordingly, at the station there is no
00:30:16question of nationality, no question of religion, we live very
00:30:20amicably, and moreover, perhaps it's partly
00:30:22because we depend on each other, in some emergency
00:30:26situation, for example, depressurization, fire, a leak, you cannot tell your
00:30:30partner, we will not help you put out the fire, because
00:30:40timely return to Earth, not immediate, but
00:30:43timely. We turn
00:30:46180 degrees, this is the yellow sector. Hello,
00:30:49Oleg Viktorovich, I'm Polina, do you believe in
00:30:52God, well, maybe not directly God himself, but there are some
00:30:56higher powers above us, by chance you didn't
00:30:59meet him up there, no, but I think he's watching over us, we're
00:31:02working there. And did you by chance not see aliens or anything
00:31:06unusual? No, I didn't see anything unusual, I didn't
00:31:09see aliens, do you generally believe in the existence of extraterrestrial
00:31:13civilization? Maybe there are some forms of life that we don't
00:31:17know about or can't yet somehow define,
00:31:20see. We turn 180 degrees.
00:31:23Red sector. Belarusian girls are now preparing to go into
00:31:27space. Do you think this is for image or does it have practical
00:31:30sense? Well, I think both positions
00:31:34are valid here. And Belarus is considered
00:31:38a space power, right? And why
00:31:40can't it have, for example, an astronaut who will perform some
00:31:43tasks set by the same Academy of Sciences? This
00:31:47is good in terms of image and in terms of some professional work, the preparation
00:31:51is going very well, the girls are in principle
00:31:55very diligent, they really impressed
00:31:58the instructors, showing such good, healthy
00:32:01zeal, in general, the preparation is going, so to speak,
00:32:04in its own way, without delay, even in matters that the girls are not
00:32:08professionals in the space industry, but nevertheless they perform all their
00:32:11duties very well. Well, do you think they are ready? At
00:32:15the moment, of course not, we still have several months of
00:32:18training ahead, only after passing the state exams will we say that
00:32:21the crew is fully ready, including me. Hello, my name is
00:32:25Vanya, do astronauts receive a high salary? Well, I wouldn't say
00:32:29a high salary, an astronaut's salary in Russia, at least, is less
00:32:32than a civil aviation pilot's salary. And how
00:32:35do you know you've been paid when you're in space?
00:32:39While in space, we are not really interested in this, since we cannot
00:32:42know how much has been deposited into your
00:32:45card, or what you need to buy with that money, you are fully
00:32:49provided for by the state when working on the station, so you try to
00:32:52work as efficiently as possible to meet the expectations
00:32:55of experiment setters, specialists in all systems, to precisely
00:32:59complete the entire flight program. And tell me please, where are you more
00:33:03interested, in space or on Earth? Well, everything has its own
00:33:06time, when you work in orbit, naturally, you
00:33:09get a lot of impressions and you like it all, it's interesting, but
00:33:13there comes a moment when you... you understand that yes, you
00:33:16want to go home, you want to talk live with your friends,
00:33:20go for a normal shower, for example, walk in the forest,
00:33:24when you arrive, a period of rehabilitation passes, then
00:33:27the thought arises that yes, you have already rested,
00:33:30recovered, thoughts arise about when you will be assigned the next
00:33:34flight preparation to return to the station. So if
00:33:37such nostalgia kicks in, what do you do? We just
00:33:40continue to work. And do you sing? We sing and
00:33:44play the guitar. Right now we just had an crew meeting,
00:33:46literally this Friday, in general, the
00:33:50rehabilitation period ended, and the guys say that there are three
00:33:53guitars on the station now, there is a synthesizer, there is even a harmonica,
00:33:56that is, at the end of the working week, we usually try to organize
00:34:00such joint crew dinners, that is, either we invite our partners
00:34:04to our place, or we go to their place as guests, it usually
00:34:07ends with watching a movie or playing the guitar, that is,
00:34:10singing songs. And maybe let's sing? What are you ready
00:34:14to perform? A song with the hero-cosmonaut?
00:34:18Are you ready? But I'm not sure I'll sing it completely, let's listen
00:34:22to us.
00:34:26Earth in the porthole, Earth in the porthole,
00:34:30Earth in the porthole is visible, like
00:34:33a son misses his mother, like a son misses his mother, we miss
00:34:37the Earth, it is one, and
00:34:40the stars, nevertheless, and the stars, nevertheless,
00:34:43are also
00:34:45cold, and like in the hours of eclipse, and like in
00:34:49the hours of eclipse, we dream of Earth.
00:34:52We dream not of the
00:34:56roar of
00:34:56the cosmodrome,
00:35:00not this icy
00:35:04blueness,
00:35:07we dream of grass, grass by
00:35:10the house,
00:35:13green. Green
00:35:16grass. Thank you very much, Darina, thank you very much, Oleg
00:35:19Viktorovich.
00:35:28Tell me, after the flight, how do you get used to Earth's
00:35:31gravity? Well, the human body is built in such a way
00:35:35that it adapts very quickly to weightlessness,
00:35:39it perfectly understands that such a volume of muscles, bone strength in
00:35:43weightlessness is not needed, therefore...
00:35:45muscle mass is lost very quickly, calcium is lost,
00:35:49that is why we exercise, so that after a six-month flight,
00:35:53for example, we can walk calmly, that is, the volume of
00:35:55muscles and bone strength are sufficient for this, the only thing that does not work
00:35:59is the vestibular apparatus after a long flight, well, initially it can be
00:36:02said that weightlessness is a hostile environment for us, and
00:36:06the very first impressions, they all pass differently,
00:36:09but the face swells, the nose
00:36:13gets stuffy, a vomiting reflex may appear, these are such the very
00:36:16first impressions and the body's reaction, then you get used
00:36:20to it and you like weightlessness, because you
00:36:24can fly, calmly move around in the volume of the station,
00:37:27positively, because I believe it should exist and be present, even at
00:37:31the dawn of aviation, for example, at first only enthusiasts flew,
00:37:35probably, right, they crafted wings, then invented
00:37:38the airplane, then military pilots started flying, and now any
00:37:42person can buy tickets and fly anywhere they want, in the same way, probably, space tourism
00:37:46will develop, first they launched a satellite,
00:37:49then animals, then a person, then they increased the duration of
00:37:52the flight, now tourist flights have begun, well, the most
00:37:55important thing, I believe, is that tourist flights should not interfere with
00:37:59the professional activities of cosmonauts. I want to fly into space, but tickets to
00:38:02space are very expensive. Why? Well, because the manufacturing
00:38:06of space technology itself is very expensive, its maintenance,
00:38:08ensuring the safety of each tourist, probably, this is where
00:38:12the very high prices come from. Hello, my name is
00:38:15Veronika, can you reveal the main secrets about
00:38:18space to us? The main secrets about space? Yes, well, space
00:38:22does exist, the Earth is still round, no matter what many people say, that
00:38:25it's flat. We can absolutely definitely
00:38:29state that we fly around the Earth, not along it. I have
00:38:33such a question: what language is spoken on space stations, in space,
00:38:37in principle. Well, let's say, during a flight on a Soyuz spacecraft
00:38:40to the station and back, the official language is Russian.
00:38:44On the Soyuz spacecraft, only Moscow time is used. When working at the station immediately
00:38:48after docking, again officially, the official language
00:38:51is English. Well, but nevertheless we speak a mixture
00:38:54of languages, a mixture of Russian and English. Well, as we constantly
00:38:58joke, we pretend we're speaking English, they pretend they're speaking
00:39:01Russian, in this regard, there is also some element of
00:39:05a joking interaction, so to speak, again, the language of gestures has not been canceled either.
00:39:09Hello, Oleg Viktorovich, please tell me, is time in space
00:39:13perceived the same as on Earth? Well, roughly the same, but
00:39:17probably, subconsciously, somewhere for half of the expedition, it stretches
00:39:21a little, when you pass the middle, as we call
00:39:24it the equator, then for some reason it starts to accelerate and imperceptibly... time passes,
00:39:28when you, as commander, begin to load
00:39:30return cargo into the ship, and this starts two weeks before
00:39:34the descent, it accelerates, accelerates, accelerates,
00:39:37the moment comes when you need to close the hatches, and
00:39:39here already such mixed feelings, you kind of want
00:39:43to go home to Earth, to feel this
00:39:46gravity, to get these benefits that I mentioned, at the same
00:39:50time you perfectly understand that you are leaving a unique object
00:39:53created by human hands on a unique laboratory created in orbit of the Earth.
00:40:27on a business trip, he is given travel allowances,
00:40:30when you are in space, do you get travel allowances? Yes, we have
00:40:34travel allowances, yes, it is considered that a flight into space is also a business trip,
00:40:37so we also receive travel allowances.
00:41:08Hello, my name is Masha, what advice can you give to modern
00:41:11youth, based on your own experience? Advice, well, these are
00:41:15the simplest, human ones, firstly, to love the
00:41:18land where you were born, to take the maximum from
00:41:21it, in terms of upbringing, in terms of
00:41:24education, and naturally never... forget that you
00:41:28are a representative of this land, people look at you,
00:41:32who will then judge you, and
00:41:34based on this opinion, they will judge the whole, the whole nation, the whole
00:41:38republic, the whole... country, that is, you need to
00:41:41worthily bear the title, for example, in this case
00:41:44of a Belarusian.
00:41:49My name is Zlata, I wanted to ask you, what do you think every person
00:41:52should do at least once in their life? Well, probably pay
00:41:56their debt to the homeland, because I think a person who
00:41:59was born in some place, yes, this land
00:42:03raised him, gave him education, gave
00:42:06him some protection, some confidence in the future,
00:42:09surely... it must oblige a person to something,
00:42:12he cannot live, well, let's say like a freeloader, only
00:42:16receiving something, never giving anything back, that is
00:42:20why I believe that you need to love your country,
00:42:23maximize it, probably,
00:42:26how to worthily
00:42:28represent it and try your best to do everything possible so
00:42:32that subsequent generations would only
00:42:35thank you for preserving what we had, and perhaps even
00:42:38increased it. So I think that you need to
00:42:42always pay your debt to the country. And I have a question, what
00:42:45if your flights to space end, what will you
00:42:49spend your time on? Well, I assume that most likely I will either remain
00:42:52working on astronaut training, to share
00:42:56experience with younger astronauts,
00:43:00and perhaps change the direction of my
00:43:03activity a bit, because I have already, while at the training center, graduated
00:43:06from the Academy under the President of the Russian Federation on issues of
00:43:10municipal personnel management, perhaps my abilities in terms of
00:43:13organizing some work, will
00:43:16again help the state a little,
00:43:18since in principle everything I wanted I have in my life,
00:43:22I have a house, a car, children, a beloved job,
00:43:25and if I can be useful in some other direction, I will only be
00:43:29glad.
00:43:34Hello, my name is Dominika, do you maintain any social media
00:43:38accounts and can you upload any videos directly from space? Well,
00:43:42on each flight we did, and it's one of our duties to popularize our
00:43:45manned cosmonautics. Now I've somewhat, let's say,
00:43:49stopped doing that, but it looks like I'll have to start again.
00:43:53When we work in orbit, we have the opportunity to maintain social media, but specialists
00:43:57from Roscosmos help us with this, because an astronaut doesn't have time for it,
00:44:00and indeed they help us, they provide this communication channel with
00:44:04the public. We have an idea, let's shoot a Reels
00:44:07now.
00:44:27I'm a rocket, I'm a rocket,
00:44:31I flew into space, flew into space,
00:44:34undocking once, undocking twice,
00:44:38around the planet. Sun and moon,
00:44:42around the planet, sun and moon.
00:44:56This signal means that the time for questions to the hero has expired. Oleg
00:45:00Viktorovich, now you need to choose the best question
00:45:03of this program? Well, probably the best question
00:45:06was a more technical one, related
00:45:10to rockets, whether there are control surfaces, how a rocket is controlled? Who is the author
00:45:14of this question, please raise your hand, please introduce yourself,
00:45:17my name is Kirill, where do you study, in what grade? I
00:45:21study in the fifth grade at Gymnasium No.
00:45:24174.
00:45:28According to the rules of our program, the author of the best question receives a special
00:45:31gift from our guest. Kirill, please come up to the
00:45:34stage.
00:45:37I just brought with me this official poster
00:45:40of the first flight, that is, here is the crew of our thirty-fourth
00:45:43expedition, my crew is also
00:45:47present here, Kevin Ford, Evgeny Tarelkin, and
00:45:51correspondingly the crew of the second Soyuz, Roman Romanenko, Chris Hadfield, and Thomas
00:45:54Marshburn. This was the first flight, so I will
00:45:58gladly leave it as a keepsake for a good
00:46:01question.
00:46:04Here, this is for you for a good question, this
00:46:07too. Thank you very much.
00:46:11Oleg Viktorovich, now you have the opportunity to ask
00:46:14the children three questions. Three
00:46:17questions. Okay.
00:46:21How many verses are there in the anthem, the national anthem of Belarus?
00:46:25Six. Well, I would say three, probably, after all. Oh
00:46:29well, six, because after each, three choruses, we will
00:46:32count it this way, so that's the correct answer, well done,
00:46:34good. We handled your
00:46:37question, let's move on. Another question, well,
00:46:41the question is probably more for the guys, do they like, I don't know, are there initial
00:46:45military training classes in school now? Yes,
00:46:48do the guys like initial military training or
00:46:51not?
00:47:01that every citizen of the country must be able to protect his family, his homeland, every man must be strong, and military training makes a boy a real man.
00:47:04Wonderful answer. Who else wants to express their
00:47:08opinion? Who doesn't like military training, raise
00:47:12your hand. Interesting, why? I believe that pre-conscription
00:47:15training, in principle, the army, well, it's not
00:47:19needed. All conflicts should be resolved peacefully.
00:47:52to everyone who thinks that life abroad is better than in
00:47:56Belarus? And my homeland, well, specifically for
00:47:59me, it's associated with my mother, and I
00:48:03was born in Belarus, I live in Belarus, and I will
00:48:07never give up my country to anyone and will never
00:48:10betray it. Applause, thank you
00:48:13Darina.
00:48:17I believe that every country is good in its own way, that
00:48:21is - I cannot choose a specific
00:48:25country to live in, I cannot say that one country is better,
00:48:29they are all equal, but since
00:48:32our country is our homeland, we were born here, so
00:48:36there are some specific moments, specific memories that are
00:48:39associated with good moments related to our country,
00:48:43therefore, I believe
00:48:45that you cannot choose a country that will be better for
00:48:49living, well, what will you choose, life
00:48:53abroad or in a difficult moment return to not very
00:48:56good conditions, but to your homeland, to help it?
00:49:00A difficult question, but
00:49:02probably,
00:49:05I don't know, it's difficult, well, you still have
00:49:08time to figure it out yourself. I
00:49:12would return home in difficult
00:49:15times, well, I would probably still stay in my
00:49:17homeland. Oleg Viktorovich, what is
00:49:21the homeland for you?
00:49:24Well, I've talked about this several times, still,
00:49:27the homeland for me is the place where I was born,
00:49:31it's the character, the relationships that were instilled in me from
00:49:34childhood, it's probably the ability to sacrifice
00:49:37a lot, so that, let's say, in your country, your land, things become somehow
00:49:41better. Oleg Viktorovich,
00:49:44it's time to say goodbye to our
00:49:46audience.
00:49:49Thank you very much for the interesting questions, I'm very
00:49:52glad to be present at our meeting, I really got the maximum
00:49:56pleasure that could only be imagined today, well, and
00:49:59I wish you all the best, love your homeland, study, take
00:50:03the maximum of what they give you, don't be shy,
00:50:07be healthy and peaceful skies to everyone. Hero of the Russian
00:50:10Federation, cosmonaut, Oleg Novitsky, was today a guest of
00:50:13the "100 Questions for Adults" program, I'll see you at the entrance to
00:50:17the stage.
00:50:18And
00:50:23here I will ask you to stay. Oleg Viktorovich,
00:50:26what was the most difficult
00:50:28question for you?
00:50:31Well, perhaps there were no difficult questions, it was just the variety
00:50:35of questions that was striking. And
00:50:37such genuine interest. Do you think you coped well with our
00:50:41child audience today? Absolutely. Today you managed
00:50:45to answer 90 questions, this is a record
00:50:48for the program. Tell me, if we invite you again,
00:50:52will you agree to come? Yes, I will agree, I need to break
00:50:55the record. I appeal to our audience. Do you think that
00:50:59our hero today was maximally frank
00:51:02with you? Who thinks yes, raise
00:51:05your hands. Well, and why do you
00:51:09think so? Purple sector, you have
00:51:12the microphone. I'm Anya, and I think that
00:51:15our hero was honest with us, as he told us many
00:51:19interesting facts about space, about his personal life. He wanted
00:51:23us to, perhaps, adopt his experience in the future
00:51:25and use
00:51:28the information he told us today. Thank you,
00:51:31applause. Red
00:51:34sector.
00:51:37I think that Oleg Viktorovich was honest with us, he was
00:51:40open, he told us about the ISS, he told us about
00:51:44his life. He also shared the advice that
00:51:47he gave us, so I think he was honest with
00:51:50us.
00:51:53I believe he was utterly honest with us, as this is his
00:51:57life, and he truly told us what
00:52:01he has a good understanding of, so I believe he was...
00:52:07Oleg Viktorovich, we have a rule:
00:52:11the last word is always the hero's. Please,
00:52:15summarize the conversation that took place. I really liked
00:52:18all the kids, and I hope that our meetings will be more or less
00:52:22regular, and I will maximally reveal
00:52:25some interesting facts or secrets of my work,
00:52:28I hope this can somehow help in the formation of
00:52:32our kids.
00:52:38Hero of the Russian Federation, cosmonaut, Oleg Novitsky was today a guest on
00:52:42the program "100 Questions to an Adult," see you in a week.
00:53:11Statanukha like
00:53:14a blade of grass,
00:53:17well, and Kacia, well,
00:53:18a girl,
00:53:21like a princess, like a goddess, like
00:53:25a narcissus, like
00:53:28a dahlia.
00:53:38Belarus is a country with a rich and interesting history. The fence
00:53:41of the church, note, has not been
00:53:44specially restored, and history and architecture lovers
00:53:48will find it very interesting. It dates back to
00:53:501715. Unique
00:53:53sights are found literally at every step. It
00:53:57was extremely important that there was maximum proximity to
00:54:00nature, because the owners, of course,
00:54:03lived in urban areas.
00:54:40Everyday life of Belarusian servicemen, training of recruits,
00:54:43exercises, as well as the latest models of military
00:54:46equipment. Truly sovereign can
00:54:50only be a country, this
00:54:52is especially now, which has a strong,
00:54:56well-armed and loyal to the people
00:55:00and the state army, having in its
00:55:03composition true.
00:55:35signal on Sundays on TV channel Belarus
00:55:3824.
00:55:45Belarus, as the experience of communicating with foreigners also shows, we are now also in contact
00:55:48on business trips, and people who come for the first time discover
00:55:52a mysterious country for themselves, that is, they come with certain impressions, and everyone
00:55:56we talk to, they leave enchanted.