Google Cloud Speech-to-Text API (Chirp) + Gemini 2.5 Flash Non-Thinking. Treat it as a searchable index of what was broadcast, not a quotation record.
00:00:00In terms of the number of myths and legends, Grodno region breaks all
00:00:03records. Ghosts of ancient castles, hidden
00:00:06passages of churches, mythical stories of old
00:00:09forts. Today I am going to the Grodno suburb,
00:00:13almost to the very border of Belarus, to find out
00:00:16the secrets of this region and tell you. The history
00:00:19of the town of Korolino is quite interesting. Once, in
00:00:23the fifteenth century, these lands were owned by an influential Tatar
00:00:27family, then they were sold to Prince Glinsky. But the most
00:00:30interesting, vivid history of Korolino began when this
00:00:34place fell into the hands of Count
00:00:36Tyzenhaus.
00:00:40It was on his initiative that the construction of a palace and park complex began in Korolino,
00:00:43which, according to the plan, was to
00:00:46surpass the beauty of the Svyatsk
00:00:49palace.
00:00:54Adventures begin already at the entrance to the country
00:00:57residence. These gates are like a time machine.
00:01:30the symbol of the sun, the most ancient, the strongest amulet
00:01:33of our ancestors, the Slavs, if we come, maybe to Minsk, maybe to
00:01:37Mogilev, or maybe to Brest or Grodno, then one
00:01:40sun will shine above us, but if we come specifically
00:01:43to Karalina, then chara-mara, immediately
00:01:46five, why five you ask, one from
00:01:49the sky, because it also shines brightly today, two,
00:01:52three, four, five from that side, and everyone who
00:01:56passes here, I advise to take a general photo.
00:02:30to be and to be prestigious hunters, there were large
00:02:33forest lands here, in which, as you remember, aurochs
00:02:36and deer lived, and these places were amazing
00:02:40hunting grounds. In the second half of the 16th century, these lands
00:02:44came into the possession of Antoni Tyzenhaus. His name
00:02:47is certainly familiar to every resident of Grodno region. In the Grand
00:02:51Duchy of Lithuania, Tyzenhaus held the position
00:02:54of Treasurer. This is the equivalent of the Minister of Finance. He was also
00:02:57the Grodno starost and patron. And
00:03:00a reformer, he decided to use these
00:03:03lands as a model for
00:03:06economic development, creating all sorts
00:03:10of manufactories here, because the Katatarka and Alasasyanka rivers flow
00:03:13here, and manufactories were built along the banks of these
00:03:17rivers, which is very interesting, manufactories for
00:03:20the production of wool, gold
00:03:23items, and carriage items,
00:03:27so that you understand the scale of the transformations.
00:04:00the royal treasury. Were the taxes large then? The taxes were
00:04:04not small, but back then we only paid taxes with money, at that
00:04:07time all tributes were collected, household utensils were passed on,
00:04:11items of the middle household, they could
00:04:14give for taxes products they made with their
00:04:17own hands, food, the same
00:04:20eggs, yes, flour, bread, grain, so
00:04:23the premises for collecting such taxes were huge,
00:04:26accordingly, a whole palace and park complex was built in Karalina at
00:04:30Tezingauz's initiative with many
00:04:33buildings: a manor house, stables, a forge, a mill,
00:04:37a caretaker's house, and also a hexagonal tower, you would never
00:04:41guess what function it performed. And behind us now
00:04:45is a very interesting building, it is called a hexagon, it is a former ice house,
00:04:48in modern terms a refrigerator, and why is it a hexagon? A very
00:04:52interesting decision was made, because bees use six faces in their
00:04:56construction in honeycombs, exactly six
00:04:58faces. Such a geometric shape allows
00:05:02to increase this volume of usable area
00:05:06with the same volume, and the walls with such
00:05:10a structure have more strength. This building is still an ice house.
00:05:13Not now, now this building has been rebuilt
00:05:17as a recreation center, here a whole family can settle in, six or seven
00:05:20people and relax. Tyzenhaus dreamed of building a Palace in Korolino
00:05:24that would surpass the famous Walowicz estate in Svyatsk. He
00:05:27even hired the same architect, the Italian
00:05:30Giuseppe de Sacco. But, unfortunately, the palace remained only a plan
00:05:34on paper, and this chapel was also only dreamed of, though
00:05:37by the next owners of the estate, and it was built only
00:05:4015 years ago. a chapel in honor of the Holy Archangel
00:05:44Michael, which was also built in a significant place,
00:05:47in the place of the ancient forge, a very interesting story is connected
00:05:51with it, because in 1861
00:05:54one of the owners at that time, Spiridon Gontsovsky,
00:05:57bequeathed to his children to build a chapel here, but the children did not
00:06:01fulfill their father's will, and it so happened that when Pavel
00:06:05Olenovich Klemuk came here, he found these documents in the archives
00:06:08and decided to fulfill the will of this person. In 2010, the chapel was
00:06:12built and consecrated in honor of the Holy Archangel Michael.
00:06:16149 years passed until a person made a wish, until
00:06:20it came true, so Vladimir, if you have a wish, if
00:06:23it did not come true today, do not despair, the main thing is,
00:06:27it will definitely come true.
00:06:30In the manor house, in the largest building of the complex, the masonry
00:06:33has been preserved since the 15th century. It saw not only
00:06:37Tyzenhaus, but also the Tatars, to whom Queen Bona Sforza
00:06:40granted these lands for good...
00:07:12Well, you have to greet them, and indeed, good day, your bright
00:07:16Excellency, good day, your bright Excellency, Antoni
00:07:19Tyzenhaus himself, and as you see Vladimir, today he sits and works for the good of our
00:07:23country, he invents something, oh, there is someone else here, who is this nobleman,
00:07:27and this is in a red jacket, this is the last king of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, Stanislaw
00:07:30August Poniatowski, opposite him is this beauty, his beloved woman, he
00:07:34fortified, Catherine the Second, after
00:07:37Tyzenhaus the estate changed owners many times and gradually
00:07:41fell into disrepair. At the beginning of the 20th century, only ruins
00:07:44remained of the manor house and outbuildings. How
00:07:48the Falvarek looked at that time can be seen in rare photos.
00:07:51They were handed over by a relative of Count Kozel-Poklevsky, the last
00:07:55owner of the estate. The feeling inside the museum
00:07:58is indescribable. There is such a word fundamental. Everything
00:08:01here is fundamental. Walls, exhibits,
00:08:05history. Yes. The second floor
00:08:08of the museum is dedicated not to royal persons, but to simple peasants
00:08:12and their life. "I am proud of our country that people of different
00:08:15nationalities have always coexisted under our Belarusian sky. Here we have
00:08:18a hut of
00:08:21Catholic peasants, Orthodox,
00:08:24Jewish, the richest, apparently,
00:08:28the richest, yes, very interesting, for a few minutes you
00:08:32can literally immerse yourself in the life
00:08:35of a Belarusian village, and in absolutely different
00:08:38guises, great, well, let's go immerse ourselves, simple furniture."
00:08:42towels, kerosene lamp, clay and copper dishes, and for
00:08:46those who are richer, sewing machines and an oven, even if
00:08:49modest, but with tiles. Yes,
00:08:52Yur, you have a huge household, I can
00:08:55imagine how people managed before, now it's probably even harder,
00:08:58how do you cope with this? Well, Vladimir,
00:09:01you should ask this question not to me, but to our manager. Let's go, I'll
00:09:05introduce you.
00:09:10I introduce you to the manager of the folwark.
00:09:42the opportunity to fill yourself with some vital energy, and how
00:09:46to call it, we thought for a long, long time, looked in books, that is, well, let's say, and we
00:09:50found it, it's an energy funnel, an energy
00:09:52funnel, do you want to say that in this place there are forces that
00:09:56give energy and as a result prosperity to the owners
00:09:59of these places, of course, look, my father started
00:10:02restoring this folwark in 2000, and until
00:10:06now, that is, well, let's say, he is vigorous, strong, handsome, that
00:10:10is, well, let's say, and beautiful children like...
00:10:14Great! By 2000, only the entrance gate remained of the huge
00:10:18folwark, and the restoration began with it.
00:10:21The reconstruction of the entire complex took more than 20 years and...
00:10:25as Roman admits, it continues to this day, I hope that I will instill
00:10:28all these foundations in my children, they will be able to grasp
00:10:32them, that is, well, and will be proud that Belarus has a huge
00:10:35layer of history that can serve
00:10:39as an example, we have a huge history due to the fact that we are at the crossroads of all
00:10:43countries, all countries, that is, they envy us, you can't
00:10:46say it better, guys, it's true, oh, what
00:10:50is this, knights? Well, of course, knights, what are they
00:10:54doing there? Well, today this is our kitchen, awesome, what
00:10:58surprises you throw at me, can I come closer? Yes, let's go,
00:11:01let's go, so, with Roman's light hand, we once again found ourselves in
00:11:05the past, but this time even further back than the times
00:11:08of Tyzenhaus, what are they doing here with you, this is a common thing,
00:11:12their summer parking, they cook food, and how many years has this
00:11:16been happening, well, more than 500 years already, wait, do you
00:11:19want to say that they are constantly doing something here, this particular couple,
00:11:23yes, yes, yes, awesome, are they not seen by us? No, they don't see us,
00:11:26no, it's not dangerous to approach them at all.
00:11:30How atmospheric, the lady sees her knight off to
00:11:34a campaign, in our time we would say, sending her husband to work,
00:11:38helping him put on his armor, not to forget his weapon and, of course,
00:11:41she will definitely feed him before the road, let's
00:11:43try it, let me
00:11:47try it,
00:11:50well, it looks like pilaf, well, most likely it's some kind of camping
00:11:53porridge, well...
00:11:57Where else in Belarus can you get into the past in a literal sense and
00:12:01try food from a knight's fire? Let's go, we won't bother them,
00:12:03look,
00:12:07whether knights stopped in Korolino or not is a question for historians,
00:12:11but it is reliably known that in the folwark under Tyzenhaus there was
00:12:14a park of incredible beauty, with a pond and
00:12:18many rare plants, after all, it was the residence of the Minister
00:12:22of Finance. Roman, this is simply amazing, it's incredibly
00:12:25beautiful here, beautiful architecture, beautiful
00:12:29history, and look at the nature, it's just
00:12:32fantastic, I want to live here,
00:12:35come, we will be very happy to help you live here,
00:12:39great, and they also say that real treasures were stored
00:12:42in the cellars of the Folwark, now we will check
00:12:52first,
00:12:55dangerous, but I'll go, I'll
00:12:57cover you,
00:13:00wow, it's so atmospheric here, and also
00:13:07cellar is long, yes,
00:13:11yes, but with its own highlight,
00:13:14we only have one door that we need to open, behind it is an underground
00:13:18passage, oh well, an underground passage, I heard, in every castle, in
00:13:22every estate, right an underground passage in... so
00:13:33so, Roman, I know what you're going to say now, there's an underground
00:13:37passage, when I was little, I used to crawl in there,
00:13:47stories that every estate tells, is it true that we're not just any
00:13:50estate, we're a royal estate? Okay, let's say this, if there's no underground
00:13:54passage...
00:14:01then dinner is on you tonight, okay, and if there is an underground passage, then dinner is on you tonight, well, okay, that's fine,
00:14:03let's open it,
00:14:06no way, awesome,
00:14:08look, you can,
00:14:11of course,
00:14:15this is a real underground passage, which leads to a secret
00:14:18room, and it's both scary and interesting what I will
00:14:22see in it,
00:14:33Done, but I'm not in the mood for food yet, I want
00:14:37to look around, it's kind of strange here, a long table and many
00:14:40keys on the ceiling. I couldn't solve this quest until Roman
00:14:44confessed. We came to the Masons' room, the largest
00:14:48secret brotherhood in the world. You have entered
00:14:51an unusual place, it is a secret room that was only open
00:14:55to the chosen few, and this is the Masons' room, a secret
00:14:59negotiating room, which was used by the king during
00:15:02his visit to this estate to discuss important
00:15:06state matters. Masonry appeared in the 15th
00:15:10century, it was founded by medieval stonemasons, at that time this profession
00:15:13was prestigious and required special skills that were passed on
00:15:17secretly when joining the guild. The word Masons
00:15:20means a free stonemason.
00:15:23quantity of money, but there was no power, and how to gain at least some
00:15:27power, one must create a secret society that everyone wanted
00:15:30to join, because when you fall into some
00:15:34secret, you... completely
00:15:38recharge yourself with the energy you are in. The secret has been revealed, it's time
00:15:41to reveal the taste of the dish. For dinner we have
00:15:44roasted wild game, the meat turned out surprisingly soft and
00:15:48tender. Roman cooked it himself according to an ancient recipe.
00:15:52He soaked the game in a saline solution for 8 hours,
00:15:55then marinated it, let it rest, and only then
00:15:58baked it. You know, today's dinner is
00:16:02special, firstly, I'm in the image of a hunter, yes, I just
00:16:04feel it. I feel how
00:16:08we, after the hunt, having returned, discussed all
00:16:11the matters in the Masonic lodge, touched upon a
00:16:14wonderful culinary masterpiece, this all
00:16:18makes up such a complete picture
00:16:20of incredible pleasure here at the folwark, just
00:16:24bliss, I envy myself, the only thing I'm
00:16:26afraid of is that they might not
00:16:32agreed, well, the secrets of the Korolino dungeon
00:16:36revealed incredible impressions, I heartily
00:16:39recommend you come here yourselves and complete this
00:16:43quest, thank you very much, I think it's not
00:16:46the last time and we always tell our guests that
00:16:49these beautiful gates greet you, they accompany
00:16:52you, here the story began and here the story ended, cool, when you
00:16:56leave through the gates, you must create your own story, I am going to create
00:16:59my own story, and I can keep the costume,
00:17:03for you as a friend. The classic purposes of using
00:17:22gold and foreign exchange reserves are maintaining the exchange rate,
00:17:26paying off debts, if necessary, paying for some critical
00:17:29import goods, financial cushions, these are
00:17:33already the goals of supporting the economy. Rapid growth of deposits over 3 years
00:17:37and... we exceeded the mark of 25 billion rubles, more than
00:17:4070% are ruble deposits. Most often we
00:17:44trust the currency of the country whose economy we trust? The size
00:17:47of the working reserve is a guarantor of the Republic of Belarus fulfilling
00:17:51certain external obligations, modernization, which has been going on
00:17:55since 2010, this process does not stop. All
00:17:58consumers of our republic are fully provided with the necessary
00:18:02wood. The furniture industry of the Republic of Belarus has stepped
00:18:06forward and... can present to the buyer a wide
00:18:10range of its products. Split chipboard,
00:18:12MDF, solid wood, budget, premium
00:18:16class, that is - and at relatively affordable
00:18:20prices. We can do a lot, but we still
00:18:24need to create a center of competence in design,
00:18:27construction, and this is precisely the main
00:18:30task today. All about complex economic processes in
00:18:34the country and abroad, in simple language in the project.
00:18:37Economic Environment on Belarus
00:18:4024 TV channel. We are going on a reconnaissance mission to
00:18:44the Belarusian hinterland to find out how former city
00:18:47residents live
00:18:49there.
00:18:51She and her husband had no plans to move to the village to grow
00:18:55grapes. And then my father unexpectedly
00:18:57dies. And it turns out that near his
00:19:01house there is a huge vineyard, and it remains. Very soon the Belarusian
00:19:04spring showed them its character. 40%
00:19:08froze to death, despite everything, they did not give up, on the contrary,
00:19:11decided to expand. I came and showed him the paper and said that I took
00:19:15the land. Now they have three large plots, a lot of grapes, strawberries
00:19:19and blueberries. Immediately after moving to the village, our
00:19:22heroes had a misfortune. I fell
00:19:25from the roof during installation, yes, I broke three processes of my
00:19:28spine. The elder son did not understand his parents
00:19:31and stayed to live in the city. Why do you need this, the village,
00:19:35you are always tied to this? A little later it turned out that there was
00:19:39another very serious problem: we don't have a road,
00:19:43we can't bring fodder, we can't bring hay, we can't
00:19:47bring straw, because the road just washes away, the road
00:19:50consists of clay, despite everything, they believe in a bright
00:19:54future and are arranging their life, watch in
00:19:57the project I am from the village on the TV channel
00:20:01Belarus
00:20:0124.
00:20:17The most sacred things, humanity has always hidden underground
00:20:20treasures, weapons, and escape routes, near
00:20:24Korolyovo are the forts of the Grodno fortress, they
00:20:27began to be built in 1912.
00:20:30The project was planned to be grandiose, but the First World
00:20:33War began, the fortress was abolished, the weapons were taken out,
00:20:37blown up, the surviving forts over time turned into
00:20:40caves and dungeons, an atmospheric place, but today I
00:20:44went a little further from Grodno, to Shchuchin district, found
00:20:47something more mysterious, and...
00:21:20attractions of Shchuchin district, this is Bunker
00:21:2377, and this is Igor, but not 77, but just
00:21:26Igor, who will guide me, Igor, hello,
00:21:30hello, it's interesting already at the start, and it will be more interesting
00:21:33there, let's not delay, let's go on
00:21:36an excursion, behind the huge hermetic door,
00:21:40a long corridor with many passages and rooms, without Igor, I would
00:21:44definitely get lost here, around us there are many doors, where do they
00:21:47lead? This was the exit to Kentai, that is,
00:21:50air intake shafts are the same as the armory, well,
00:21:53and an isolation ward, an isolation ward is if a person gets sick and cannot
00:21:57go out, unfortunately, they are quarantined, and getting sick here, by the way, is very easy, because
00:22:01firstly, it's hard to see here, secondly, it's really very
00:22:04cold. Well, forward, we are not
00:22:07afraid of the cold. The bunker goes underground for three
00:22:11floors. This is a huge complex with offices,
00:22:14a dining room, a recreation room and leisure, the most important
00:22:18room - the control center. There's a guard
00:22:21here and something dynamically blinking, what is
00:22:25it? Well, our guides call this room
00:22:28the all-seeing eye of the bunker, but it's actually from the eighties, well, that is,
00:22:32a computer, information came here from outside, that is,
00:22:35you see these iron plates, a raised floor, information was received through
00:22:39cables, it selected the air filtration mode, showed which devices
00:22:43were overheating, a request came here for entry and exit, well, what can
00:22:46I say, the brains of the bunker, if we evaluate it as a living organism.
00:22:5077 is a backup command post of the Soviet
00:22:54Air Force. It was built in the Shchuchin district
00:22:57almost 50 years ago, during the Cold War.
00:23:01It was assumed that in case of any threat to the USSR,
00:23:04aviation would be commanded from here.
00:23:08The bunker would send signals to airfields, and fighters would
00:23:11take
00:23:12off into the sky on alert.
00:23:17And this room is very important. And here
00:23:20are cylinders with air, well,
00:23:23if there's nothing to breathe on the surface, then
00:23:27here you can last
00:23:29for some time.
00:23:32Thanks to reserves of air, food, and medicine, the facility could
00:23:35operate autonomously for 30 days. It was designed
00:23:39so that it could continue to operate even in the event of an indirect
00:23:42nuclear strike. I noticed that the walls in this corridor are very beautiful,
00:23:46well, in particular one. Some kind
00:23:50of peculiar bunker architecture, why are the
00:23:52walls exactly like this?
00:23:56In general, these are ribs, as they are called, called tubings,
00:24:00they are made of reinforced concrete, this is if there is an explosive wave, suddenly,
00:24:03outside the trees fall, because they oscillate,
00:24:07the explosive wave is absorbed, that is, a person's tea in a mug will not even stir here,
00:24:10for example, subway stations are built in the same way, well, subway oscillations,
00:24:14so that the city does not just go underground, but in the subway, cast iron is used instead of iron,
00:24:18here iron is still more.
00:24:20There were only five such facilities in the Soviet Union.
00:24:24Shchuchin is one of the largest. Here
00:24:2680 people were present simultaneously. Commanders,
00:24:30signalmen, radio operators were ready for
00:24:36dinner is on schedule. Igor, are we in the dining room? Yes,
00:24:40absolutely right, this is our dining room, which, by the way,
00:24:43was designed for 18 people who could
00:24:46eat at the same time. Since people ate, someone cooked it, someone
00:24:50cleaned up after them, of course, how did that happen? Well, there were
00:24:54four cooks, but two positions, so for 6
00:24:57hours two cooks, one cooks, the second serves and washes
00:25:00dishes, 6 hours passed, they changed, went to rest,
00:25:04the second two cooks came, of course, there were no frills in
00:25:07the menu, standard army cuisine, soups,
00:25:11porridges, stew, fish, a cup of tea for dessert,
00:25:14food did not depend on rank, in the dining room, as before
00:25:18the charter, all are equal.
00:25:20and this is the most pleasant and perhaps the most delicious place
00:25:23in the bunker, the serving area, where soldiers came
00:25:27for food, in peacetime soldiers ate in
00:25:30the dining room, but during an alarm or martial
00:25:33law they were given such a ration right at their
00:26:02for one post two people who relieved each
00:26:05other for 6 hours, that is, 6 hours you work, then you went for 6 hours
00:26:09to eat, wash, shave, sleep,
00:26:136 hours passed, they changed, if there was a free minute,
00:26:17soldiers could relax in the recreation room, in Soviet times it was
00:26:20called Lenin's room, portraits of the leader, newspaper clippings, an old
00:26:24television, in short, everything like in the era of nuclear
00:26:27confrontation, all 80 people had
00:26:30access here, if time allowed.
00:27:03I noticed that everywhere there are
00:27:06very long sheets with some kind
00:27:09of telegram, what is it? Well, we are
00:27:12a museum of the Cold War, here we tell the history of the Cold
00:27:15War, this telegram is the starting point. February
00:27:1922, 1946 there was such a person as George
00:27:23Kennan, and he sent this telegram to the USA, here he
00:27:26spoke about the Soviet Union, about its attitude to communism and so
00:27:30on, it is considered that this was the beginning of
00:27:33the Cold War. Fortunately, there was no combat alarm in the history of the Shchuchin
00:27:36bunker. The Cold War, as we know, did not enter
00:27:40an active phase. Essentially, it was an arms race without
00:27:44military action. It ended with the collapse of the Soviet Union.
00:27:48The Iron Curtain fell, and with it the bunker's secrecy. There were no
00:27:51military actions in the Cold War, as it were, on the territory of the Union,
00:27:55but exercises did take place here, but
00:27:58those people who were locked up here, who were not warned that this was an exercise, either now
00:28:02here... Well,
00:28:06that's good, and it's great that
00:28:12there were no real military actions. Whether you are interested in
00:28:16gastronomic tourism or love military themes,
00:28:19it doesn't matter, you must visit this bunker. Bunker
00:28:2377 is the only such facility available to
00:28:26tourists, the cold of underground corridors and indescribable
00:28:29an atmosphere of mystery. Do you want to unravel the secrets
00:28:33of the past, and at the same time get to know our history better, come to
00:28:36Grodno region, here any journey will turn into
00:28:39an exciting delicious quest.
00:29:15On air, the Blitz project. The strength of Belarus is in the unity of the people.
00:29:19We often hear this phrase: what is embedded in this concept
00:29:22and what meanings do we broadcast to the world. My name is Pavel
00:29:26Lazovik and my guest is Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor Vyacheslav
00:29:29Danilovich. Vyacheslav Viktorovich, welcome. Thank you, our
00:29:33inviolable right to self-determination, we celebrate the Day
00:29:36of National Unity and discuss global issues with Americans
00:29:40at the same table, and what in your opinion allows
00:29:44us to demonstrate our national political maturity?
00:29:47Our strength also lies in what Belarusians have, in the fact that we know how to learn
00:29:51lessons from history. I recall the postulate that at one time
00:29:54the head of state, our President Alexander Grigorevich Lukashenka, put forward as a demand before
00:29:58historical science: give an objective picture of the historical past, what is it for.
00:30:32their fate. September 17, Belarusians celebrate the Day
00:30:36of National Unity, but if for some, a united society is
00:30:39a source of strength, for others it is an irritant. In a world where
00:30:43states collapse from internal contradictions, migration collapses and
00:30:46elite splits, the Belarusian model of consolidation becomes a structural
00:30:50basis for development. In the era of sanctions wars, hybrid pressure
00:30:54attempts to destabilize society from within, Belarusians demonstrate
00:30:57a rare quality for the modern world.