Google Cloud Speech-to-Text API (Chirp) + Gemini 2.5 Flash Non-Thinking. Treat it as a searchable index of what was broadcast, not a quotation record.
00:00:22This time the streets didn't speak of fear, they spoke of
00:00:25music, flags, dance and
00:00:28community for several days in different cities across the
00:00:32United States. The celebrations for Mexico's independence
00:00:35transformed public
00:00:37and then they catch you on space into an explosion of color and pride. In
00:00:40places marked in recent months by raids, persecution and
00:00:44fear, thousands of people came out to celebrate,
00:00:47walk their neighborhoods, to meet and make
00:00:50their presence visible. From
00:00:53and his book The Light of California to New York, the party, the joy and community life
00:00:55took over the place that fear had tried to
00:00:59win.
00:01:04Viva
00:01:04Mexico.
00:01:10National holidays know no borders and this
00:01:13year the Mariachi played again. Flags
00:01:17returned to windows and thousands of people did something
00:01:21that in some neighborhoods for months had stopped
00:01:24being everyday. Going out into the street without
00:01:27fear.
00:01:30This September 15th, the celebrations for Mexico's independence
00:01:33had a particular meaning in the United
00:01:36States. The party returned to neighborhoods that have closely experienced
00:01:40immigration operations, arrests and fear
00:01:43of encountering federal agents. Viva
00:01:46Mexico. In Chicago, the image was especially
00:01:50powerful. A year ago, the "El Grito" festival in Grand Park
00:01:54had to be canceled due to fear generated by federal
00:01:57immigration operations. This year, people
00:02:00returned.
00:02:02Little Village, also known as La Villita, thousands again walked
00:02:0626th Street amidst drums, floats and Mexican flags.
00:02:10Mexico, artists,
00:02:13far from Chile, is the center of musicians, activists and also politicians joined the celebrations
00:02:16in different cities, where the Mexican community
00:02:20embraced them as one of
00:02:21their own.
00:02:29Mexican heritage.
00:02:42want to take away
00:03:00In this parade, Mam Dani walked the streets with families, received
00:03:04the Grand Marshal band and publicly highlighted the
00:03:07contributions of the Mexican community
00:03:09Mexico doubts to the city. How is New
00:03:11York?
00:03:17else you can become, come and The Heart of Puebla York.
00:03:23super cool, the Los Angeles was no exception, and for good develop the whole notion of reason, for a city where just over a million people of Mexican origin live. The
00:03:29the independence parade in streets of Minneapolis, the epicenter of
00:03:31violent ICE operations, had a different atmosphere,
00:03:34now joy and rhythm took over the
00:03:37people. Mexico has the largest consular representation
00:03:41of one country in another in the world, with 53 consulates
00:03:44in the United States, where the migrant community also organizes
00:03:48year after year to celebrate this date. In San Antonio, Texas, the
00:03:52municipal governor supported a broad agenda of national holidays that
00:03:56included the traditional September 16th parade.
00:04:30affirm that these communities are already part of the present of the United
00:04:33States, they are in its streets, in its schools, in its
00:04:37businesses, in its neighborhoods and in its families, that is why celebrating
00:04:41again where a year ago there was fear is also a
00:04:44way to resist. TV Migrante.
00:04:54cancellations or fear among
00:05:05And precisely to talk about this, I am very pleased to connect with Jorge
00:05:09Mujico Murias,
00:05:16space, Jorge, what meaning did it
00:05:20have to return to the streets and celebrate these national
00:05:23holidays? Well, it was a bit of revenge, it was a bit
00:05:27of revenge because they didn't celebrate it last year, so yes,
00:05:30of course, now we came out with double joy because we had to have
00:05:33a double celebration and also there's another thing that's
00:05:37happening now, the Mexican community is no longer
00:05:41only in two or three neighborhoods,
00:05:45before you would come to Pilsen, you would come to La Villita
00:05:48and no, you wouldn't leave there, now there are
00:05:5125 or 30 neighborhoods, 25
00:05:55or 30 surrounding cities, what we
00:05:58call the famous suburbs, where El Grito is being
00:06:01celebrated and parades are being celebrated, this
00:06:05coming Sunday, this Saturday and this Sunday there will
00:06:08still be celebrations and there will be independence shouts in Bolingbrook, in
00:06:12Aurora,
00:06:15I don't even know where anymore, I've lost count, but since the community has dispersed,
00:06:19now in books, El Grito is
00:06:21celebrated multiple times and the parades too,
00:06:25many more parades than before. Last year around this
00:06:29time, more or less, a few days more, a few days less, this terrible
00:06:33operation began, which they called the Midway
00:06:37Blitz, no, the the the tremendous immigration
00:06:40operation here in the city of Chicago.
00:06:43However, we still think that
00:06:47Mexican national celebrations were not suspended because of
00:06:51immigration, they were suspended because they have become a
00:06:54tremendous business and the merchants who organize
00:06:57them thought they wouldn't have an audience and that they wouldn't
00:07:01have profits, the May 5th parade was
00:07:05canceled before and then the September
00:07:08festivities were canceled, so of course immigration
00:07:11was here, no doubt, but the
00:07:15celebrations could have been held, immigration is still
00:07:18here, they take four, five, six people every day, anyway,
00:07:22eight, 10 people maybe, and now they were
00:07:25celebrated, so I think it was a bit psychological
00:07:29and a lot about money. You know, a very
00:07:33interesting controversy arose a week
00:07:36ago regarding the proposal by President Claudia
00:07:39Sheinbaum to
00:07:43annul other nationalities for
00:07:46those who want to be president, or
00:07:49governors, and many people said they
00:07:54what we have already gained over the years and we
00:07:58said: no, no, no, no, wait, that's for those who want to be
00:08:01governor or president, but we
00:08:05continue to be Mexicans, you can have
00:08:08been American for 40 years and
00:08:11you are still Mexican and these national
00:08:15celebrations are precisely a manifestation of
00:08:18that, if someone in
00:08:21the loyalty of Mexicans,
00:08:25even if you have become a gringo or Spanish and whatever
00:08:30celebrate a year with us, this cry of
00:08:34independence, these independence parades,
00:08:37we had a quarter of a million people in
00:08:41La Villita this Sunday, a quarter of a million
00:08:44people, so our
00:08:47loyalties, our homeland is still
00:08:51Mexico, here we are gringos by
00:08:53convenience, but we are not Mexicans by convenience,
00:08:57we are by conviction, Jorge, and in what way has it
00:09:00also transformed the daily lives of millions of
00:09:03migrants who experience these operations day by day?
00:09:06Look, there's a lot of pride, a lot of
00:09:09pride and also there's the full
00:09:13conviction that this situation must be resolved,
00:09:16obviously the elections will not resolve it,
00:09:20but I have never seen so much enthusiasm in people
00:09:23to vote in the November midterm elections, all those who
00:09:27can vote, all those who have
00:09:31become citizens, all the children of Mexicans
00:09:34here, no matter the status of their parents, their parents can
00:09:38be undocumented, they can be legal residents, they can also
00:09:41be citizens, but there is a tremendous awareness among young
00:09:44Mexicans, so to speak, born in the United
00:09:48States that this situation must be stopped,
00:09:52that we cannot continue to let the
00:09:54administration in Washington keep attacking the Mexican
00:09:58community every day constantly. Jorge,
00:10:01in previous years we had seen either
00:10:07people to go out into the streets, what specifically
00:10:11changed from your point of view? This year, on the one hand, that
00:10:14there is less immigration presence, although I tell you that they
00:10:17are there every day, but they are no longer in the way they were
00:10:21last year, last year they walked around with
00:10:25weapons in their hands, through the streets, on the sidewalks of our
00:10:29neighborhoods, and now no, immigration has
00:10:32changed its way of operating, what they are
00:10:35doing is identifying people who have pending
00:10:39immigration cases, who lost their
00:10:42cases, lost their status, people who the
00:10:45judge ordered to leave the country and did not leave, they are
00:10:49detecting them one by one, and they don't even go
00:10:53to their homes to arrest them, but they investigate what
00:10:57time you leave, what time you return, where you work
00:11:02the way, so it's much less
00:11:05visible, that's on the one hand, and on the other hand, I
00:11:09tell you, this rebirth, this tremendous
00:11:11rage that all the actions,
00:11:15the outrages of immigration have caused, and not only
00:11:19direct violence, but the
00:11:22constant legal beating, the threats,
00:11:25the insults, no, as
00:11:28they say, no government lasts 100
00:11:31years, well, we've had
00:11:34enough with 2 years, with 2 years of constant
00:11:38beating, we've had enough, we are willing
00:11:42to do our part, our vote in the ballot box, right,
00:11:45to try to stop
00:11:49Donald Trump, it has changed in the majority white public
00:11:53opinion and that, I think, is very important
00:11:56to point out, we do know who we are, there
00:12:00has always been a certain controversy among ourselves
00:12:03that, well, those who commit crimes should be
00:12:07caught and deported, but that is
00:12:10minimal, our great triumph, so to
00:12:13speak, has consisted in
00:12:16the great majority white public
00:12:20opinion being on our side, that is, the
00:12:23opinions in favor of deporting everyone,
00:12:27the opinions in favor of
00:12:30catching them in the streets,
00:12:32etc., have collapsed. When in January 2025
00:12:36Donald Trump took office, 64%
00:12:39of the public believed that everyone should be
00:12:43deported, now only 39% believe
00:12:47that everyone should be deported. I think these
00:12:50blitzes, these operations that immigration carried out, served
00:12:53for the white public to get to know
00:12:56us, to recognize us, to realize
00:12:59that we are ordinary human
00:13:02beings, we are workers, we are
00:13:05essential to the US economy and we have
00:13:08earned their respect. And what role do these celebrations play, especially
00:13:12for the new generations of
00:13:14Mexicans there in the United States, the importance of
00:13:17celebrating this date in that country, Jorge? It
00:13:21allows them to recover that patriotic spirit, right? This
00:13:25new thing... many years ago, there in the
00:13:281960s, there was all this
00:13:31myth of the Chicano, who was neither Mexican
00:13:35nor Gringo, now that no longer exists at all,
00:13:38now you are Mexican and I ask people, well, you are Mexican,
00:13:42from where? Oh, from here, South Chicago. Oh, really?
00:13:45And your parents are from South Chicago too?
00:13:49So where do you get the Mexican part from? Well, our community has been
00:13:52here in this city for 125 years, we are five generations
00:13:56and we are still Mexicans. Look, the Chicano
00:13:59movement, as I told you, had its peak in the
00:14:031960s, 70s, a bit in the
00:14:061980s, especially in California, New
00:14:10Mexico, Arizona, the American
00:14:12Southwest, and it was this movement that
00:14:16said, we were born in the United States, therefore we are
00:14:19Gringos, but our parents are Mexicans and we are
00:14:22neither one nor the other, we don't speak Spanish
00:14:26nor are we respected in the United States, the United
00:14:29States pushes us aside, the United States discriminates against
00:14:32us despite our citizenship, and if we go to Mexico
00:14:36they call us pochos and they don't want us either,
00:14:39so it was a generation that found itself in the middle, in
00:14:43a certain conjuncture, yes, where Mexico
00:14:46tended to greatly despise the braceros,
00:14:49those who left were the traitors,
00:14:52they had left the country, they no longer respected
00:14:56the country, they had become gringos, it was a very
00:14:59particular moment, now that no longer exists, that
00:15:03was a very respectable
00:15:06era, the return to Aztlán,
00:15:10Aztlán, now no, now I come from California, which is part of
00:15:14northern Mexico, and Arizona is northern Mexico, and Chicago is northern
00:15:18Mexico, you see, we have already adopted,
00:15:21we have conquered, not reconquered.
00:15:25because Illinois was never Mexican, no, but we
00:15:29have already conquered it, so we have conquered our
00:15:32place, one out of three inhabitants in the city of Chicago
00:15:36is Mexican. We have a million Mexicans in the
00:15:39city and another million and a half in all
00:15:43the surroundings, statistically speaking,
00:15:47we are the fifth largest population of Mexicans in the
00:15:50world, it's Mexico City, Los Angeles,
00:15:54Guadalajara, Monterrey and Chicago. Keep having
00:15:57confidence in us, we are still Mexicans, we are in
00:16:01direct contact every day, also now with social
00:16:04networks, you know what happens in your town every
00:16:07day, so there is much more communication than
00:16:10ever, we are here, we are Mexicans living in another
00:16:14country, international workers, but we are still
00:16:17very Mexican, thank you very much Jorge for being here on Temigrante
00:16:2615th showed that celebration has no borders,
00:16:29coming back we are going to share a little
00:16:31bit of that with you.
00:16:41Come and add your trust, it's time to
00:16:44decide, each election brings us closer
00:16:47to the city we want to live in,
00:16:51your city, your choice, participating represents
00:16:55us with the ISM, let's go
00:16:58together to build your
00:17:01city,
00:17:06Electoral Institute. The city of
00:17:08Mexico.
00:17:16This September 15th, the celebration for Mexico's independence also
00:17:20took place in France, where a commemoration of
00:17:23this date was held. The Mexican community, accompanied by the French,
00:17:27gathered to celebrate one of the most representative traditions of
00:17:30our country. Let's see it, the report is by my colleague Miguel
00:17:34Martinez.
00:17:41Amidst great festivities and as every year, more than 1 Mexicans have
00:17:45gathered in the south of Paris to enjoy traditional food
00:17:49but also Mexican dances as well as mariachis
00:17:52and various musical groups. This event has
00:17:55been held annually for 30 years by the
00:17:58Paris Mexico Association to give the traditional
00:18:02Cry of Independence together with the Mexican Embassy in
00:18:05France. Long live Mexico.
00:18:07Long live, long live Mexico, long live,
00:18:11long live Mexico, long live,
00:18:23this year, as is tradition in the "Grito" in Paris, the guest musical group
00:18:27was Grupo
00:18:28Cañaveral,
00:18:34well, it's incredible, the Mexican community is here.
00:18:37So many people, Cañaveral is here, we didn't
00:18:40expect this and well, they really bring us a
00:18:44little bit of Mexico over here, well, I'm on vacation for a
00:18:48few days here in Paris,
00:18:50so well, I came here to the Mexican
00:18:54party and I'm really surprised, I didn't expect it,
00:18:57I mean, it's really food,
00:19:01Grupo Cañaveral, other groups
00:19:05also enlivened the night in Paris with the voice of...
00:19:18This is how Mexicans celebrate another year of El Grito in
00:19:22Paris to commemorate the 216th
00:19:25anniversary of Mexico's independence. From the city of Paris,
00:19:29Miguel Martinez reported.
00:19:32This in Paris, but also thousands took to the streets of
00:19:36Berlin, Germany, to celebrate the folklore, music and
00:19:39flavor of the customs, which undoubtedly
00:19:42enrich our country, thus demonstrating once again that
00:19:45distance is no obstacle to being
00:19:48close to home. Let's see, one more year we
00:19:52Mexicans gather here in Germany to celebrate Independence
00:19:55Day together.
00:20:04The first sacrifice of the afternoon while the hours passed
00:20:08and we approached the traditional "Grito" was the
00:20:10piñata.
00:20:16The anniversary of Mexico's Independence from outside the country is an
00:20:20opportunity for the youngest members of binational families
00:20:24to learn about this custom and practice their best technique to
00:20:27get the largest amount of candy. The
00:20:31second sacrifice was hunger, there was no room for moderation in
00:20:34this party. The menu of the day ranged from ayudas to
00:20:38chilaquiles. I decided on carnitas tacos, which according
00:20:42to Emiliano is one of the most requested, because generally they
00:20:46ask for a lot of birria, carnitas, yes, generally it's
00:20:49that and pastor. Those are the ones that go the most, then Mexican
00:20:52folklore, mestizaje and historical
00:20:55transformations in music, dance and colorful costumes. I've been in the
00:20:59group for 5 years, rehearsing every Monday,
00:21:03everything, everything, our costumes are brought from
00:21:06Mexico,
00:21:15Long live Mexico,
00:21:17long live.
00:21:25Exile is one of the most brutal consequences of the
00:21:28dictatorship that scourged Chile. It has been
00:21:3153 years since the coup perpetrated against
00:21:34Salvador Allende, a democratically elected government.
00:21:38We talked about this with Rodrigo Navarro Buskovic
00:21:43the
00:21:43Wounds.
00:21:51That summer I only did two things: lie in the
00:21:54sun on the hood of an abandoned Porsche in front of my house and watch the
00:21:57clouds. My family was a disaster, the city meaningless
00:22:01and the world from one second to
00:22:04the next was about to explode. Things
00:22:07were not very firm and September 19th
00:22:11arrived.
00:22:2653 years have passed since the coup d'état that
00:22:30overthrew the democratically elected government of
00:22:33Salvador Allende in Chile. More than half a century later, the
00:22:37traces of that rupture are still present in those
00:22:40who suffered persecution, dictatorship, but also
00:22:44exile, but also in the generations who grew up with that
00:22:47memory. Mexico was one of the countries that opened its doors to
00:22:51hundreds of Chileans forced to leave their homeland, and for many
00:22:55of them it ended up becoming their second home. That
00:22:58story, that of uprooting, memory and life rebuilt
00:23:03"The Light of the Wound, Memories of Chilean Exile in Mexico" by
00:23:07Rodrigo Navarro Buskovic, a book that seeks to recover
00:23:10voices, experiences, but also memories to ask what
00:23:14remains of exile half a century later and how a historical
00:23:18wound can also
00:23:20become shared memory. We discussed all of this with
00:23:23its author Rodrigo Navarro Busconi.
00:23:39Rodrigo, this book, "The Light of the Wound," I would dare
00:23:43to say we could divide it into two parts, right? I'm
00:23:46going to dare, right? One, a work
00:23:50that you do where you delve into
00:23:53the very notion of memory, its origins,
00:23:56what it means, who has studied it, that is, you draw
00:24:00on different ideological
00:24:02currents, different historical currents, and
00:24:06it seems that in this first part where you
00:24:11memory, of identity, of
00:24:14oblivion, there is an obsession, right? That this whole
00:24:17chapter, or rather this part, is
00:24:20prior to the testimonies, right? But in this
00:24:23initial part about memory, it's as if it were an
00:24:27obsession to understand
00:24:30the origin of the importance of
00:24:33bringing something from the past to the present, right? From
00:24:37what moment did you feel this need to
00:24:40fully immerse yourself, so to speak, in doing a
00:24:44work, I dare say, like an archaeologist of memory? Well,
00:24:48when I started
00:24:51working on this project as such within the framework of my undergraduate
00:24:54degree, I studied ethnomusicology at the Faculty of
00:24:58Music, at that time it was the national school of music that later became a
00:25:01faculty, upon realizing, as I said, the
00:25:05opportunity that I still have to
00:25:08be able to record these testimonies
00:25:12from all these people, well, obviously, within
00:25:15the academic framework, that theoretical reflection
00:25:18becomes necessary to say, "Well, what are you
00:25:21understanding by testimony?"
00:25:24"Well, someone's memory." And what are you understanding by memory? What is that? What
00:25:28is memory? No? Indeed, that is a bit
00:25:31what you say, that obsession that answers the research
00:25:35question that in this book, in this work, for me was
00:25:38very very clear, to
00:25:41ask that question, which is how to narrate a history of Chilean exile in
00:25:45Mexico, how, how do you narrate that history? So that's
00:25:49why it was necessary to do all this archaeological
00:25:52study of different currents, as you said,
00:25:55ideological, academic, on memory, because I believe it's not a closed
00:25:59topic, on the contrary, I believe that today it's a topic that is in a
00:26:02fairly advanced evolution
00:26:05at least in our continent, right?
00:26:09And in academic terms,
00:26:12it's not a closed discussion either; in fact,
00:26:15there are authors, myself included, who talk about
00:26:19memory politics, referring on the one hand to public
00:26:23policies,
00:26:25here I can give the example of today's José Antonio Kast, president-elect of
00:26:29Chile, who decided for the first time in Chile's recent
00:26:33democratic history not to do anything regarding
00:26:36the coup d'état, even saying that well, everyone is free to
00:26:39commemorate, but he brutally repressed the commemoration
00:26:43march, so on the one hand, there's memory
00:26:47politics understood as public policy, the
00:26:49police, what people do in the
00:26:53public arena, and on the other hand, the
00:26:56dispute over memory in the term, in the
00:26:59realm, if you will,
00:27:03perhaps more philosophical, for example, here I discuss
00:27:06precisely with a Chilean thinker,
00:27:09self-proclaimed or recognized in the
00:27:12public discussion as a liberal named
00:27:16Carlos Peña, who argues, perhaps with some
00:27:19harshness, but I try to sustain my
00:27:22argument and I take responsibility for it even now in this public
00:27:25space, I don't know if Carlos Peña will see it, I hope he does, and if he is watching
00:27:29it, well, it's with with arguments, let's say,
00:27:33elaborated. I define his
00:27:35work as the paladins of oblivion, who
00:27:39say, "Well, we have to forget therapeutic forgetting,"
00:27:43societies need to look to the future and everything that hurts us from the
00:27:46past must be forgotten, forgotten, and forgotten, right?
00:27:49So, in that first part you're referring
00:27:52to now, let's say it's a discussion that goes between those two
00:27:56sides, right? Between memory as public policy
00:27:59and memory in... well, perhaps on a
00:28:03more academic level for someone interested in these discussions, then
00:28:07surely they will find something enriching there, right? But more
00:28:10or less, that's where that obsession lies, because the question,
00:28:13I insist, is how do I narrate it? On one side there's that band of public
00:28:17policies that allow you, for example, to hold
00:28:20events, write books, right? That is, there's a whole development
00:28:24that institutions promote
00:28:27or block. And on the other hand, there's the
00:28:31way one as a researcher, as an author, proposes it, right?
00:28:35Uh, in my case, well, I propose today
00:28:38a memory that recognizes the fortune, I insist,
00:28:42I reconnect with the first thing, that recognizes the great fortune
00:28:45of hearing the stories of those who survived
00:28:49a very great catastrophe. Thank you very much for
00:28:52joining us in this program of TV Migrante informa, I am Emerson Segura
00:28:56and don't miss all our content on our social networks at
00:28:59@migrante on the digital platform of public media mx
00:29:03plus on alta voz radio on channel 14 and of course
00:29:06here on TV Migrante, see you next time.