Google Cloud Speech-to-Text API (Chirp) + Gemini 2.5 Flash Non-Thinking. Treat it as a searchable index of what was broadcast, not a quotation record.
00:00:03Luhua 5S pressure-fried peanut oil, invented to remove Huang Jumei.
00:00:07Won the National Science and Technology Progress Award.
00:00:09。
00:00:13Healthy for the whole family.
00:00:55In every era, cities are the center stage
00:00:59for the inheritance and development of civilization. Capital- level cities are even more
00:01:03engraved with the rise and fall of a regime's history.
00:01:06。
00:01:10This section of the city wall beside me is located in the old city of Zhengzhou City,
00:01:14Henan Province. Before the 1950s,
00:01:18no one knew who first built
00:01:22this ancient city wall. With the step-by-step exploration
00:01:25of archaeological excavations, the story of more than 3600 years,
00:01:29hidden under the dust and wind of the loess,
00:01:33has finally
00:01:37emerged.
00:01:42The Zhengzhou Shang City Museum, located on the east side
00:01:45of the Zhengzhou Shang City wall, is named after the cross-section of the wall.
00:01:49Here, people can touch the traces
00:01:52of the growth of ancient cities. I
00:01:56went to school for six years in the north of Chengbai Road when I was little.
00:03:00This city wall was built after the Warring States period by filling in the cultural layer of the Shang Dynasty.
00:03:03Such a large piece was directly filled in. So,
00:03:07from the perspective of the layers of the city wall, the Shang people built it with a sense of
00:03:11reverence, not just a simple "serious" attitude.
00:03:15During the Warring States period, it was more hastily and temporarily built.
00:03:18Including such a large escape route, they didn't pick it out but directly moved in.
00:03:22了
00:03:25Over thousands of years, the texture of Zhengzhou City's growth
00:03:29has been recorded by the constantly added city
00:03:32walls of successive dynasties, like
00:03:36a tree ring. Peeling back the historical
00:03:40dust and exploring downwards, the mysterious face
00:03:43of the city, hidden under the layers of city walls from the Tang
00:03:47Dynasty, Warring States, and Ming and Qing Dynasties,
00:03:51finally appeared before the world.
00:03:54在 世 人 面 前
00:03:56。
00:04:02Build a city for military purposes,
00:04:05and rule the country with the people.
00:04:08"Cheng Yu Guo" originally
00:04:11refers to the inner and outer city walls of ancient Chinese
00:04:15cities. The inner city wall of the Shang City in Zhengzhou
00:04:19encloses the entire old city.
00:04:23The city wall faces approximately
00:04:26six degrees north by east.
00:05:50During the process of clearing the city wall, people discovered
00:05:54this jade axe in the Shang Dynasty
00:05:57stratum. The axe is a symbol of power
00:06:00and a ritual object that only Shang kings and nobles could use.
00:06:04The Shang people valued sacrifices. They
00:06:08regarded all things in nature, clan ancestors, as deities.
00:06:12They honored them with solemn rituals
00:06:15and ceremonies.
00:06:21buried within the city wall, to protect and bless it with its divine power.
00:06:24Who exactly planned
00:06:28and built this magnificent city?
00:06:31。
00:06:34Historical records indicate that Tang was in Bo.
00:06:37Bo was interpreted by experts as the Shang
00:06:41Tang capital.
00:07:43A large number of these pottery shards with "Bo" directly written on them
00:07:46were discovered. This means that during the Eastern Zhou period, Zhengzhou's name
00:07:50was
00:07:54Bo. Why did Shang Tang
00:07:57choose Bo as his capital
00:07:59city?
00:08:02Lu Peng, a researcher at the Henan Provincial Academy of Social Sciences, Institute of Geography,
00:08:06has conducted long-term and in-depth research on the changes in the ancient environment
00:08:10around Zhengzhou. Today,
00:08:13he led his team to the Jiahe and Shangyou areas
00:08:17in the southwest of Zhengzhou City to conduct environmental surveys
00:08:20of ancient riverbeds.
00:08:22。
00:08:32Our current location is in the Shangyou area of this river. After such a long time,
00:08:35this riverbed has already cut down to here, which is nearly 20 meters.
00:08:39What is its significance to Zhengzhou Shang City?
00:09:12The tribe lived by the Yellow River for a long time, and had a deep understanding
00:09:16of the importance of water. The drainage system
00:09:20of Zhengzhou Shang City was built by utilizing the Jinshui River
00:09:24and the Xiong'er River, two natural river channels, and then
00:09:27manually modifying and constructing them.
00:09:31Zhengzhou is located at the eastern end of the Songshan Mountain Range,
00:09:35with a high elevation that is beneficial for flood control.
00:09:38It is also at the confluence of the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River.
00:09:42Here, the great river flows through a narrow valley and enters the vast
00:09:46and flat North China Plain. It
00:09:50is in a transitional zone, so it has both the loess landform
00:09:54and alluvial plains. It is a relatively
00:09:58high landform unit in this plain.
00:09:59。
00:10:02Before this, the flooding situation in the plain area of Zhengzhou Shang City was improved.
00:10:06So the Shang people building Shang City here also
00:10:10reflects their consideration of the natural environment of this area.
00:10:16Today's Zhengzhou City is located about three to five meters
00:10:20above the Shang Dynasty city. These three to five meters of
00:10:24strata record the outline of Zhengzhou City's growth
00:10:27through the Shang Dynasty, Warring States, Two Han Dynasties, Tang
00:10:31and Song Dynasties, then Ming and Qing Dynasties, and modern and contemporary
00:10:35times.
00:10:38Leaning on the city wall built in the early Shang Dynasty,
00:10:42the Chinese people have continuously multiplied until today.
00:10:46。
00:10:58The ruins of the Shuyuan Street North District are located north of the south city wall
00:11:02of Zhengzhou Shang City, near the southwest corner of the city wall.
00:11:06Here, 14 newly discovered
00:11:09rectangular rammed earth buildings are arranged from east to west
00:11:13in three rows from north to south, distributed symmetrically.
00:11:16The rammed earth building complex covers an area of over
00:11:2010,000 square meters, comparable in scale to the northeast
00:11:24part of Zhengzhou Shang City.
00:12:33This huge capital city once stood majestically
00:12:36among the great civilizations of the same era, but it seemed to stop developing
00:12:40overnight.
00:12:44Archeology shows that around 1450 BC,
00:12:47the palace area of Zhengzhou Shang City was suddenly
00:12:51abandoned, and the capital was lost to Shang City.
00:13:25The king named Zhong Ding thousands of years ago. This
00:13:29was the beginning of the five famous capital relocations in Shang Dynasty history.
00:13:33Academics generally regard these five capital relocations as the
00:13:36Middle Shang period. So why did King
00:13:40Zhong Ding of Shang move the capital from Bo
00:13:43to Ao? Where is Ao, as recorded in historical
00:13:47records?
00:13:51This majestic rammed earth platform is located in the center.
00:14:33This bronze ritual vessel with a beast face pattern has a square front,
00:14:37and a single-line beast face pattern. There are several rectangular holes
00:14:41on both sides, with dragon patterns carved around the holes.
00:14:44This bronze vessel, with its dignified
00:14:48and solemn shape, intricate and beautiful patterns, and unique form.
00:14:52What was it used for?
00:14:59At Xiaoshuangqiao, people discovered two identical
00:15:03vessels. This square-shaped beast-face patterned
00:15:07vessel is concave as a whole due to corrosion.
00:15:11The rectangular holes on both sides are symmetrically distributed.
00:15:14It is 19 centimeters high, 18.8 centimeters
00:15:18wide, 16.3 centimeters long,
00:15:21and weighs six kilograms. Such a nature.
00:15:38After years of subsequent excavations, people gradually
00:15:42realized that the Xiaoshuangqiao site was not the Zhou Bo Mu
00:15:46passed down locally for generations, but a rammed earth platform complex
00:15:49built in the mid-Shang Dynasty. This
00:15:53platform has a circumference
00:15:56of 250 meters and a height of 13 meters. It consists of
00:16:00a three-tiered stepped platform. Large buildings were built on the platform,
00:16:04possibly for large-scale rituals.
00:17:17In the Later Han Shu, Eastern Han,
00:17:20as for Zhong Ding's actions, the relationship between the Shang people and the surrounding areas had long been fractured.
00:18:10However, the prosperity of Xiaoshuangqiao lasted
00:18:14only twenty or thirty years, and the Shang Dynasty capital
00:18:17was relocated again. What changes
00:18:20happened during this period?
00:18:23故
00:18:25?
00:18:27Historical records say that since Zhong Ding,
00:18:30the crown prince was deposed and younger brothers were appointed,
00:18:34leading to fierce competition for the throne,
00:18:38resulting in nine generations of chaos. As a result, the princes
00:18:41rebelled.
00:18:47Later scholars speculate that the reasons for the frequent
00:18:50capital relocations of the Shang Dynasty included both external threats from wars and
00:18:54internal strife over succession to the throne. This kind of internal
00:18:57chaos, where everyone vied for power, lasted for nine generations of Shang kings.
00:19:01Until Pangeng moved the capital to
00:19:03Yin.
00:19:09Since then,
00:19:12there was no more capital relocation.
00:19:15Sima Tian's evaluation of King Pangeng was that
00:19:19he was a popular and beloved ruler. After
00:19:23Pangeng moved the capital, he followed the way of governing
00:19:26by Shang Tang, and the people lived in peace and
00:19:30stability.
00:19:31。
00:19:37This is Anyang, Henan, the site of the late Shang capital, Yin Xu.
00:19:41Since the excavation began in 1928,
00:19:44after nearly a hundred years, the archaeology of Yin Xu
00:19:48has depicted to the world the magnificent
00:19:51Shang Dynasty capital from more than 3300
00:19:54years ago.
00:19:57。
00:20:26In recent years, the urban layout of the Huanbei Shang City has become increasingly clear.
00:20:28The Outer City, Inner City, and Palace City are all aligned
00:20:32approximately 13 degrees north-northeast, following
00:20:35the Shang people's reverence for the northeast.
00:21:20So, is Huanbei Shang City actually the first place
00:21:24where Pan Geng settled after moving his capital to Yin? If you
00:21:27ask me now about my understanding of the nature of Huanbei Shang City,
00:21:31I can tell you that I'm still confused.
00:21:34At least, it is from the mid-Shang Dynasty.
00:21:38It is after Zhengzhou Shang City and before Yin Xu.
00:21:41The importance of this intermediate period is enough
00:21:45by itself.
00:21:48Although it cannot be
00:21:50Why is this?
00:22:05a constant surprise or
00:22:16village.
00:23:22At first, King Wu Ding of Shang established a new
00:23:26palace area in Xiaotun. The palace
00:23:29and ancestral temple area covers 700,000 square meters.
00:23:33The nearly century-long Yin Xu archaeology began here.
00:23:37From 1928 to the 1980s,
00:23:4154 rammed earth sites were excavated here.
00:23:44Among
00:23:47them, the Group A complex.
00:24:36In 2019, the Anyang working group of the Institute of Archaeology,
00:24:40Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, resumed the exploration and excavation
00:24:44of the Xiaotun Palace Area. This excavation
00:24:47was led by researcher Yue Hongbin. A
00:24:51surprising discovery was gradually revealed before people's eyes.
00:24:54The eastern side of that courtyard site.
00:24:58。
00:25:08So we explored this core area and found that
00:25:12this courtyard site should not be shallower than 16
00:25:15meters. The area is about 60,000 square meters,
00:25:19the deepest.
00:26:35The layout and planning of the Yinxu palace area are very different
00:26:39from those of the previous Shang capitals.
00:26:42It is built on a river bank affected by impact,
00:26:46and the city wall encloses the palace
00:26:49and new district within a large area, so that the entire
00:26:53palace area is surrounded by water on three sides, and a very complex
00:26:56and precise drainage network is established. What was the reason
00:27:00for this consideration?
00:27:33How big is it? The nearly century-long Yinxu archaeology has been expanding its
00:27:37area. 36 square kilometers
00:27:40is just a temporary number. As of today,
00:27:44no city walls have been found at Yinxu. This also
00:27:48means that this super capital of the late Shang Dynasty
00:27:51will continue to expand with archaeological discoveries,
00:27:54presenting unknown surprises to people.
00:27:58Since Pangeng moved to Yin,
00:28:19in over two centuries, with Yin Xu as the core, the Shang people spread bronze ritual and bronze production technology
00:28:22throughout China, and also allowed the earliest
00:28:26mature writing, in the form of oracle bone inscriptions,
00:28:30to be passed down. As
00:28:33a World Cultural Heritage site, the important historical status
00:28:37and cultural value of Yin Xu have been widely
00:28:41recognized by the international community.
00:28:43。
00:28:47The Shang Dynasty, an ancient dynasty. Due to the lack
00:28:51of written records and archaeological data, it once felt incredibly
00:28:54mysterious. In 1928, the discovery
00:28:58of Yin Xu kicked off the scientific archaeology of the Shang Dynasty.
00:29:01After nearly 100 years of unremitting exploration, the mysterious
00:29:05veil of Shang civilization is being peeled
00:29:09back layer by layer, revealing its true face.
00:29:12。
00:29:16The capital of the Shang Dynasty, Lu Jingqianxi. This
00:29:19city, which left its name in ancient texts but was buried
00:29:23in the loess, has gradually been brought to light
00:29:27by generations of archaeologists who worked hard and diligently,
00:29:31revealing its past.
00:32:18Standing higher,
00:33:38Zhang Wen Tianxia opens a brand new day.
00:33:42Good morning, viewers. Good morning, everyone. This is the CCTV Comprehensive Channel and.