Original Broadcaster Captioning (Enhanced). Treat it as a searchable index of what was broadcast, not a quotation record.
00:00:00C-SPAN'S NEW AMERICAN HISTORY >> [MUSIC] >> TIMELINE POSTER. THIS LARGE 4.5FT WIDE POSTER EXPLORES THE
00:00:04LIVES AND PUBLIC SERVICE CAREERS
00:00:06OF EVERY U.S. PRESIDENT, ALONG
00:00:09WITH KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS,
00:00:11LANDMARK SUPREME COURT CASES, CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENTS, AND
00:00:14MAJOR TECHNOLOGY MILESTONES THROUGHOUT OUR NATION'S
00:00:17HISTORY. THE POSTER ALSO
00:00:21FEATURES A SPECIAL AMERICA 250 SECTION, HIGHLIGHTING THE COUNTRY'S FOUNDING AND THE
00:00:24250th ANNIVERSARY OF THE UNITED STATES. BRING AMERICAN HISTORY
00:00:27HOME WITH C-SPAN'S AMERICAN
00:00:30HISTORY TIMELINE POSTER. SCAN
00:00:33THE CODE OR VISIT C-SPAN .ORG.
00:00:39>> WELL, UP NEXT, A LOOK AT TODAY'S TOTAL SOLAR ECLIPSE
00:00:42VISIBLE ACROSS THE NORTHERN HEMISPHERE. OUR COVERAGE COMES
00:00:44TO US FROM NASA, TV.
00:00:52>> SUN >> [MUSIC] >> INFLUENCES EVERYTHING WE EXPERIENCE ON EARTH. EARTH IS SO
00:00:54PERFECTLY POSITIONED TO EXPERIENCE THIS.
00:00:57>> TOTALITY HITS.
00:01:01>> THIS AMAZING PHENOMENON THAT
00:01:03IS SO RARE THROUGHOUT THE
00:01:07UNIVERSE. >> THIS IS A GREAT TIME TO LEARN
00:01:11MORE ABOUT OUR OWN STAR AND HOW IT AFFECTS OUR DAILY LIVES.
00:01:13>> INSTANT CHILLS. >> I BURST INTO TEARS.
00:01:17>> THERE'S NO OTHER FEELING LIKE IT. IT'S INSANE.
00:01:20>> EVERYBODY SHOULD BE WATCHING.
00:01:23>> [MUSIC]
00:01:36[MUSIC] >> HELLO, AND WELCOME TO NASA'S
00:01:38LIVE COVERAGE OF THE 2026 TOTAL SOLAR ECLIPSE. WE'RE AT NASA'S
00:01:42GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CENTER, AND OVER THE NEXT HOUR OR SO, WE'LL
00:01:46BE TRACKING THE ECLIPSE AS IT
00:01:47RACES ACROSS THE NORTH ATLANTIC AND EUROPE. A TOTAL SOLAR
00:01:51ECLIPSE OCCURS WHEN THE MOON MOVES BETWEEN THE SUN AND EARTH,
00:01:55AND COMPLETELY BLOCKS THE FACE OF THE SUN, CASTING A SHADOW ON
00:01:59EARTH. PEOPLE LOCATED WITHIN THE MOON'S SHADOW, ALSO KNOWN AS
00:02:02THE PATH OF TOTALITY, WILL EXPERIENCE A TOTAL SOLAR
00:02:06ECLIPSE. THE SKY WILL DARKEN BRIEFLY, AS IF IT WERE DAWN OR
00:02:09DUSK. SO, WEATHER PERMITTING,
00:02:13PEOPLE IN THE PATH OF TOTALITY WILL SEE THE CORONA, THE SUN'S OUTER ATMOSPHERE, WHICH IS
00:02:17NORMALLY HIDDEN BY THE BRIGHT FACE OF THE SUN. TODAY'S TOTAL
00:02:21SOLAR ECLIPSE WILL SWEEP ACROSS GREENLAND, ICELAND, NORTHERN
00:02:24RUSSIA, SPAIN, AND A SMALL
00:02:26CORNER OF PORTUGAL. MANY OTHER
00:02:28AREAS IN THE NORTHERN HEMISPHERE ARE ALREADY, OR WILL SOON
00:02:32EXPERIENCE A PARTIAL SOLAR ECLIPSE, INCLUDING MUCH OF CANADA AND PARTS OF THE NORTHERN
00:02:36U.S., AND FOR MANY ALONG THE WESTERN PART OF THE ECLIPSE
00:02:38PATH, SUCH AS MAINLAND EUROPE
00:02:40AND AFRICA. THE ECLIPSE WILL
00:02:42OCCUR EARLY EVENING, CREATING A
00:02:45RARE OPPORTUNITY TO SEE A SUNSET ECLIPSE. OVER THE NEXT COUPLE OF
00:02:48HOURS, WE'LL BE BRINGING YOU
00:02:50LIVE FEEDS FROM TELESCOPES
00:02:53ACROSS EUROPE, AND HOPEFULLY, VIEWS OF TOTALITY IN ICELAND AND
00:02:55SPAIN. THANK YOU SO MUCH TO OUR
00:02:58PARTNERS. TIME AND DATE.
00:03:02SOUTHERN ILLINOIS UNIVERSITY AND EXPLORATORIUM FOR THOSE VIEWS. DURING TODAY'S SHOW, WE'LL BE
00:03:06JOINED BY EXPERTS TO LEARN WHY CELESTIAL EVENTS LIKE THESE ONES
00:03:09ARE IMPORTANT TO STUDY, DOCUMENT, AND EXPERIENCE. AND I
00:03:13HAVE AN IMPORTANT REMINDER. ON THAT NOTE, WHEN WATCHING A
00:03:17PARTIAL SOLAR ECLIPSE, YOU MUST ALWAYS USE THE RIGHT PROTECTION.
00:03:20YOU CAN USE SAFE SOLAR VIEWING GLASSES, LIKE THESE ONES CALLED
00:03:24ECLIPSE GLASSES, OR A SAFE, HANDHELD SOLAR VIEWER. LIKE
00:03:27THIS. OR YOU CAN USE INDIRECT VIEWING METHODS AS WELL. REGULAR
00:03:31SUNGLASSES, NO MATTER HOW DARK,
00:03:34WILL NOT WORK AND ARE NOT SAFE FOR VIEWING THE SUN, SO BE SURE
00:03:37TO STAY SAFE. NOW, LET'S HEAD OVER TO MY COLLEAGUE ERNIE
00:03:41WRIGHT, WHO CAN TELL US MORE
00:03:42ABOUT WHERE THE ACTION IS HAPPENING TODAY.
00:03:45>> THANKS, JOY. I'M STANDING IN FRONT OF THE MAP THAT I MADE FOR
00:03:49THE ECLIPSE THAT WE'RE GOING TO
00:03:51EXPERIENCE TODAY. UM, WE'RE LOOKING DOWN AT THE NORTH POLE
00:03:54HERE, AND THE RED STRIPE IS THE
00:03:58PATH OF TOTALITY. THOSE ARE THE LOCATIONS THAT WILL EXPERIENCE
00:04:02TOTALITY TODAY AS WE ANIMATE THIS, YOU CAN ALSO SEE THE MUCH
00:04:04BROADER PENUMBRA SHADOW. THAT'S WHERE THE PARTIAL ECLIPSE
00:04:08OCCURS. BUT HERE COMES THE UMBRA
00:04:11SHADOW. THAT'S WHERE TOTALITY IS HAPPENING. INSIDE THAT LITTLE
00:04:14OVAL. IT PASSES OVER THE EAST COAST OF GREENLAND, THE WEST
00:04:17COAST OF ICELAND, AND ACROSS
00:04:20NORTHERN SPAIN, WHERE, AS JOYCE
00:04:22SAID, THEY'LL EXPERIENCE ECLIPSE WITHIN AN HOUR OF
00:04:26SUNSET. SO THEY SHOULD HAVE LOTS OF OPPORTUNITIES FOR REALLY
00:04:30BEAUTIFUL PHOTOGRAPHS. AND THEN
00:04:31AS THE ECLIPSE PROGRESSES AND THAT UMBRA DISAPPEARS, WEST
00:04:35AFRICA WILL ALSO GET AN OPPORTUNITY TO SEE A PARTIAL
00:04:39ECLIPSE AS THAT PENUMBRA SHADOW SORT OF SLIDES OFF THE EDGE OF
00:04:41THE EARTH HERE. NOW, AS WE ZOOM
00:04:44UP AND LOOK AT ICELAND AND
00:04:46SPAIN, REYKJAVIK IS HERE IN THAT
00:04:50SOUTHWEST CORNER OF ICELAND. WE'RE KIND OF CROSSING OUR FINGERS FOR THEM BECAUSE IT'S A
00:04:54LITTLE BIT CLOUDY THERE RIGHT
00:04:54NOW. THAT UMBRA SHADOW IS
00:04:58TRAVELING OVER 2000 MILES AN HOUR AS IT PASSES THROUGH THE
00:05:02PATH AND CROSSES THE NORTH
00:05:03ATLANTIC, AND THEN IT RUNS INTO
00:05:06SPAIN. HERE, WHERE WE EXPECT
00:05:08MORE THAN 15 MILLION PEOPLE WILL BE WATCHING THIS ECLIPSE. SOME
00:05:12OF THEM ON THE BEACH IN MALLORCA, RIGHT BEFORE SUNSET.
00:05:14SO THEY SHOULD GET SOME REALLY BEAUTIFUL PHOTOGRAPHS OVER THE
00:05:17MOUNTAINS TO THE WEST. NOW, THE
00:05:19SITUATION IN THE U.S. IS GOING
00:05:22TO LOOK LIKE THIS. THAT YELLOW LINE IS THE SOUTHERN LIMIT OF
00:05:26THE PARTIAL ECLIPSE. SO FOLKS SOUTH OF THAT LINE, YOU'RE NOT
00:05:30GOING TO SEE AN ECLIPSE TODAY. BUT IF YOU'RE NORTH AND EAST OF
00:05:34THAT LINE, YOU MAY ALREADY BE
00:05:35STARTING TO SEE THE PARTIAL
00:05:39ECLIPSE. UM, IT TAKES 2.5 HOURS
00:05:43FOR THAT PARTIAL SHADOW TO PASS ALL THE WAY ACROSS THE UNITED
00:05:45STATES. UM, SO IT'S NOT LIKE
00:05:50TOTALITY. YOU DON'T HAVE TO RUN
00:05:50OUT THERE AT THE EXACT MOMENT.
00:05:55UM, SOME PLACES WILL HAVE A PARTIAL ECLIPSE THAT LASTS FOR
00:05:57ALMOST 2.5 HOURS. OTHERS MAYBE
00:06:01JUST AN HOUR. SO THIS IS THE SITUATION RIGHT NOW. UM,
00:06:04MONTANA, YOUR ECLIPSE IS OVER.
00:06:07THE SHADOW IS PASSING OUT OF
00:06:10NORTH DAKOTA. BUT MINNESOTA,
00:06:12WISCONSIN, MICHIGAN, UM, YOU'RE IN IT. THE NORTHEAST IS ALSO IN
00:06:15IT. AND FOR FOLKS IN THE MID-ATLANTIC, YOU WILL BE IN IT
00:06:19SOON ENOUGH. NOW, BEFORE YOU RUN
00:06:23OUTSIDE TO LOOK AT YOUR ECLIPSE, THAT'S HAPPENING RIGHT NOW, WE
00:06:25WANT TO SHOW YOU A SHORT VIDEO
00:06:28ABOUT HOW TO OBSERVE THIS ECLIPSE SAFELY.
00:06:32>> [MUSIC]
00:07:03[MUSIC] [MUSIC]
00:08:04>> IF YOU'D LIKE TO FIND AND EXPLORE THE ECLIPSE MAPS
00:08:07YOURSELF, LIKE THE ONES ERNIE WAS REFERENCING, SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS, AND MUCH MORE
00:08:10ABOUT TODAY'S ECLIPSE, HEAD TO
00:08:14SCIENCE.NASA.GOV. SLASH
00:08:17ECLIPSES. SO NEXT, I'D LIKE TO INTRODUCE OUR FIRST GUEST HERE IN THE STUDIO, WE HAVE DR. KELLY
00:08:21COURIC, WHO IS ONE OF NASA'S HELIOPHYSICIST WHO STUDIES THE
00:08:24SUN AND ITS EFFECTS ACROSS THE SOLAR SYSTEM. AND SHE'S ALSO
00:08:28STUDIED THE SUN'S CORONA IN GREAT DEPTH. THANK YOU SO MUCH
00:08:31FOR HELPING US KICK OFF TODAY'S COVERAGE. >> IT'S GREAT TO BE HERE, JOY.
00:08:34>> SO LET'S TALK ABOUT WHY WE DON'T ALWAYS SEE ECLIPSES ON
00:08:37EARTH. WE'VE GOT THIS AWESOME
00:08:40MODEL HERE CALLED AN ORI. UM, SO USING THIS, CAN WE TALK ABOUT
00:08:43THEIR ORBITS AND WHY WE DON'T SEE IT EVERY MONTH?
00:08:45>> YES. SO HERE WE HAVE THE SUN,
00:08:49THE MOON, AND THE EARTH. AND AS WE MOVE, WE CAN SEE THAT THE
00:08:53MOON IS NOT EXACTLY ON THE SAME
00:08:59LINE THAT WE HAVE WITH THE SUN. SO THE EARTH CAN VIEW THE SUN PRETTY WELL. BUT WHEN WE GET IT
00:09:02TO ABOUT HERE, WE CAN SEE THAT
00:09:04SOMETIMES, MAYBE A LITTLE
00:09:09FURTHER. SOMETIMES IT LINES UP PERFECTLY SO THAT WE'RE ABLE TO HAVE THAT ECLIPSE. AND THAT'S
00:09:12WHEN WE HAVE THAT ECLIPSE. SO THAT FIVE DEGREES OFF ENDS UP
00:09:15NOT HAVING ECLIPSE. EVERY, EVERY NEW MOON. >> OKAY. AND SO TODAY'S ECLIPSE
00:09:19WILL TRAVEL ACROSS EUROPE FOR
00:09:22THE FIRST TIME SINCE 1999. CAN
00:09:26YOU TELL ME WHY DOES THAT REGION NOT EXPERIENCE ECLIPSES AS
00:09:28OFTEN? AND WHAT IS IT THAT MAKES THIS ECLIPSE UNIQUE?
00:09:32>> RIGHT. SO THIS ECLIPSE IS UNIQUE BECAUSE OF THE FACT THAT
00:09:35IT'S NEAR SUNSET. IT'S ALSO THE FACT THAT EUROPE DOESN'T
00:09:37GET AS MANY, JUST SIMPLY AS TO THE LOCATION AND ANY PLACE ON
00:09:41EARTH. REALLY. IT'S THREE, ABOUT 300 TO 400 YEARS BETWEEN THE
00:09:44TIME YOU GET ECLIPSES. SO THERE'S A LOT OF OCEAN ON THE
00:09:46EARTH THAT WE JUST DON'T. IT JUST DOESN'T GO OVER LAND. PLUS, WITH THE, WITH THE ANGLE,
00:09:50IT TENDS TO MOVE VERY QUICKLY AND PASS IN AND OUT. SO THEY
00:09:54DON'T GET A LOT OF ECLIPSES. AND AGAIN, IT'S SUPER SPECIAL
00:09:57BEING NEAR SUNSET. SO BEING ABLE TO SEE A SUN SETTING BEING ECLIPSED, IT'S GOING TO BE
00:10:01REALLY AWESOME. PHOTOS. >> OKAY. AND I'VE ALSO HEARD OF
00:10:03ECLIPSE SEASONS. CAN YOU TALK A BIT ABOUT THAT?
00:10:06>> YEAH. SO ECLIPSE SEASON, WHEN
00:10:08ECLIPSE HAPPENS LIKE THIS, THAT LINEUP MEANS THAT YOU'RE GOING
00:10:12TO SEE THE SOLAR ECLIPSE. SO
00:10:14EITHER A PARTIAL ANNULAR OR TOTAL. AND THEN YOU'RE GOING TO SEE A LUNAR ECLIPSE ABOUT TWO
00:10:17WEEKS LATER. SO IN ABOUT TWO WEEKS, WE'LL BE ABLE TO ENJOY
00:10:21THE ORIENTATION WHERE THE SUN, THE EARTH IS ACTUALLY CASTING
00:10:25THE SHADOW ON THE MOON AND HAVING A LUNAR ECLIPSE. SO
00:10:27THAT'S THE ECLIPSE SEASON >> FANTASTIC. AND I KNOW EUROPE
00:10:30IS GOING TO HAVE ANOTHER ECLIPSE
00:10:34HAPPENING, WHICH SEEMS TO BE A LUCKY FEW YEARS FOR THAT REGION.
00:10:38>> YEAH, DEFINITELY LUCKY. AND IT'S GOING TO BE A WONDERFUL ECLIPSE. AND ACTUALLY THE LONGEST ECLIPSE OF THE CENTURY.
00:10:42SO IT'S GOING TO BE SIX MINUTES AND 28 SECONDS. SO THAT'S A VERY
00:10:45LONG ONE. GREAT FOR SCIENTIFIC,
00:10:47SCIENTIFIC INVESTIGATION.
00:10:49>> WOW. AND SO, UM, ECLIPSES CAN OCCUR SOMEWHERE ON EARTH.
00:10:53ROUGHLY EVERY 18 MONTHS OR SO. SO WHY IS IT THAT NASA CONTINUES
00:10:57TO STUDY SOLAR ECLIPSES?
00:11:00>> BECAUSE, BECAUSE EVERY ECLIPSE IS A LITTLE BIT DIFFERENT. THE SUN CHANGES AS IT
00:11:03ROTATES, OR CHANGES IN ITS 11
00:11:06YEAR CYCLE. THE EARTH AND THE AREA OF THE EARTH THAT IT COVERS
00:11:10IS DIFFERENT. SO WE MAKE SURE THAT WE STUDY IT EACH TIME. >> FANTASTIC. THANK YOU SO MUCH,
00:11:13KELLY. THANK YOU. SO THROUGHOUT
00:11:16TODAY'S COVERAGE, WE'LL BE
00:11:19JOINED BY OTHER NASA EXPERTS LIKE DR. KATIE COURIC, WHO CAN ANSWER ANY OF YOUR QUESTIONS
00:11:23THAT YOU HAVE ABOUT SOLAR ECLIPSES, THE SCIENCE WE'RE DOING, AND ALL THE OTHER
00:11:26ACTIVITIES YOU'RE HEARING ABOUT TODAY. YOU CAN ASK YOUR
00:11:30QUESTIONS IN THE CHAT ON YOUTUBE, FACEBOOK, TWITCH, AND
00:11:33INSTAGRAM, OR TAG AT NASA,
00:11:34WHEREVER YOU'RE WATCHING. WE
00:11:38ALSO HAVE QUESTIONS WE WANT TO ASK YOU TODAY. SO IF YOU WANT TO
00:11:40HEAD OVER TO NASA'S TWITTER OR INSTAGRAM STORIES AND TAKE A
00:11:44LOOK AT THE POLL WE'VE GOT FOR
00:11:46YOU, YOU CAN PARTICIPATE AND ANSWER THOSE QUESTIONS. AND SO
00:11:50BEFORE WE GO ON, I JUST WANT TO POINT OUT THAT YOU MAY HAVE NOTICED A CLOCK COUNTING DOWN IN
00:11:54THE UPPER LEFT CORNER OF TODAY'S SHOW. WE'LL HAVE TWO
00:11:58DIFFERENT COUNTDOWN CLOCKS DISPLAYED OVER THE COURSE OF THE NEXT HOUR THAT WILL LET YOU KNOW
00:12:02HOW CLOSE WE ARE TO THE FIRST
00:12:05INSTANCES OF TOTALITY IN THE TELESCOPE. VIEWS WE HAVE IN ICELAND AND SPAIN, RESPECTIVELY.
00:12:09THOSE ARE THE TWO LOCATIONS
00:12:11WHERE WE HOPE OUR TELESCOPE
00:12:14PARTNERS WILL BE ABLE TO CAPTURE THE BEST VIEWS OF THE SUN, BEING
00:12:17TOTALLY ECLIPSED BY THE MOON. WE'RE TRACKING TOTALITY IN
00:12:21REYKJAVIK, ICELAND, AT 1:48 P.M.
00:12:25EASTERN TIME, OR 5:48 P.M. LOCAL TIME, AND THAT WILL LAST ABOUT A
00:12:29MINUTE OR SO. AND THEN WE'RE
00:12:30GOING TO SET OUR SIGHTS TO LEON,
00:12:34SPAIN, FOR TOTALITY THERE AT 2:28 P.M. EASTERN TIME, OR 8:28
00:12:37P.M. LOCAL TIME, AND THE
00:12:38ECLIPSE, THERE WILL BE ABOUT TWO
00:12:43MINUTES LONG SO THERE'S A LOT OF SCIENCE TAKING PLACE DURING
00:12:47THOSE FLEETING MOMENTS OF TOTALITY. TODAY IN ICELAND. AND WE HAVE EXPERIMENTS ON THE
00:12:50GROUND AND IN THE AIR AND IN THE VIEW LOOKING AT RIGHT NOW,
00:12:53THERE'S A CAMERA THAT WILL BE
00:12:57CAPTURING THE VIEW OF THE SUN'S CORONA WHEN IT'S TIME FOR
00:13:01TOTALITY, WHEN TOTALITY HITS IN ICELAND, THE PLANES ARE GOING TO
00:13:04BE CHASING THE MOON'S SHADOW
00:13:06FOR AS LONG AS THEY CAN. THEY'RE GOING TO BE STUDYING THE SUN'S CORONA, WHERE THE SKIES WILL
00:13:10HOPEFULLY BE CLEAR UP THERE. THE
00:13:11PLANE TOOK OFF FROM KEFLAVIK
00:13:15AIRPORT ABOUT AN HOUR AGO, AND THEN WE'RE GOING TO BE TALKING
00:13:16TO THE SCIENCE TEAM LIVE FROM ICELAND VERY SHORTLY BEFORE WE
00:13:20DO THAT, LET'S LEARN MORE ABOUT
00:13:24WHAT IT'S LIKE TO BE A NASA
00:13:25PILOT. IN THOSE ECLIPSE EXPERIMENTS.
00:13:29>> FOR MOST PEOPLE, A TOTAL
00:13:30SOLAR ECLIPSE LASTS JUST A FEW MINUTES. BUT NASA PILOTS FIND A
00:13:34WAY TO MAKE IT LAST LONGER BY TRYING TO OUTRUN THE MOON'S
00:13:37SHADOW WITH AN AIRPLANE.
00:13:40>> THE TRUTH IS, IT'S ACTUALLY CHASING US. WE GET OUT IN FRONT OF IT AND LET IT OVERTAKE US.
00:13:43ONCE WE'RE IN TOTALITY, THEN WE'LL ADVANCE THE THROTTLES TO
00:13:47MAX AND TRY AND STAY IN TOTALITY
00:13:47FOR AS LONG AS WE CAN.
00:13:51>> MAKING THAT HAPPEN TAKES EXTREME PRECISION. SCIENTISTS
00:13:53CALCULATE EXACTLY WHERE THE AIRPLANE NEEDS TO BE AT EACH MOMENT.
00:13:57>> WE DO A LOT OF MISSIONS WHERE BEING IN THE RIGHT POINT IN TIME
00:14:00AND SPACE ARE CRITICAL, AND THIS IS ONE OF THEM.
00:14:03>> ON ECLIPSE DAY, THE WB 57
00:14:06AIRCRAFT CLIMBS MORE THAN 50,000FT INTO THE STRATOSPHERE.
00:14:10THAT'S ABOVE MOST OF EARTH'S ATMOSPHERE, WHERE CLOUDS, DUST,
00:14:13AND WATER VAPOR COULD OBSCURE THE VIEW.
00:14:15>> VIEWING AN ECLIPSE FROM 50,000FT PROVIDES A REALLY CLEAR
00:14:19SHOT OF THE SUN, AND THAT ALLOWS
00:14:21THE SCIENTISTS TO HAVE CONFIDENCE THAT THE DATA THAT THEY'RE SEEING IS FROM THE SUN,
00:14:25RATHER THAN DISTORTIONS FROM THE ATMOSPHERE. >> WHEN THE MOON'S SHADOW
00:14:29ARRIVES, IT ENGULFS THE AIRCRAFT. >> IT'S WEIRD, RIGHT? WHERE
00:14:33YOU'RE AT, IT'S DARK, BUT EVERYWHERE YOU SEE IT'S TWILIGHT. THE TEMPERATURE IN THE
00:14:36COCKPIT DROPS, SO IT'S VERY NOTICEABLE.
00:14:39>> AS THE ECLIPSE UNFOLDS. THE PILOT KEEPS THE AIRCRAFT ON
00:14:42COURSE, WHILE THE SENSOR OPERATOR FINE TUNES THE CAMERAS,
00:14:45CAPTURING EVERY SECOND OF DATA. >> YOU'RE VERY, VERY, VERY
00:14:48BUSY. AND IT'S VERY HIGH PRESSURE BECAUSE, OF COURSE, THERE'S NO DO OVERS. YOU ONLY
00:14:52GET ONE OPPORTUNITY TO GET ALL THESE INSTRUMENTS TRAINED ON THE
00:14:56RIGHT SPOT. >> FOR THE AIRCRAFT CREW. IT'S A
00:14:59CHANCE TO WITNESS ONE OF NATURE'S MOST SPECTACULAR EVENTS, WHILE HELPING SCIENTISTS
00:15:03BETTER UNDERSTAND OUR SUN. >> I'M SITTING IN THE BEST SEAT
00:15:05IN THE HOUSE. IT'S PRETTY
00:15:09EXCITING.
00:15:10>> [MUSIC]
00:15:14>> WOW, WHAT A JOB THEY HAVE
00:15:15TODAY FOR THIS ECLIPSE. THE WB
00:15:1957 AIRCRAFT HAS A CAMERA ON THE NOSE OF THE PLANE THAT WILL BE
00:15:21CAPTURING IMAGES OF THE SUN'S CORONA. TO LEARN MORE. LET'S
00:15:25CHAT WITH PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AMIR CASPI, WHO IS CHATTING WITH
00:15:29US LIVE FROM KEFLAVIK AIRPORT IN
00:15:32ICELAND. HI MIA, THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR JOINING US TODAY.
00:15:36>> HI, JOY. IT'S A PLEASURE.
00:15:39>> SO FIRSTLY, HOW ARE YOU FEELING RIGHT NOW? AND CAN YOU TELL US WHAT EXPERIMENT YOU'RE
00:15:42DOING TODAY
00:15:46>> YES. UH, WELL, FEELINGS ARE
00:15:47MIXED TODAY BECAUSE AS YOU CAN
00:15:50SEE BEHIND ME, THE SKY IS NOT VERY GREAT. FOR THOSE OF US HERE
00:15:54ON THE GROUND. ON THE OTHER HAND, WE HAVE AN AIRPLANE
00:15:56THAT'S NOW CRUISING AT 500 ZERO
00:15:59FEET ABOVE SEA LEVEL. THAT'S PREPARING TO OBSERVE THE ECLIPSE
00:16:02IN JUST ABOUT 14 MINUTES. AND WE
00:16:06ARE GOING TO BE IMAGING THE
00:16:08SOLAR CORONA WITH AN INSTRUMENT
00:16:10THAT HAS FOUR CAMERAS ON BOARD
00:16:13WITH A OBSERVATIONS RANGING FROM
00:16:16VISIBLE LIGHT THROUGH NEAR-INFRARED, ALL THE WAY TO
00:16:19THE MID-WAVE INFRARED, WHICH WE OFTEN REFER TO AS THE THERMAL
00:16:23INFRARED. TO MAKE NEW OBSERVATIONS OF THE CORONA AND
00:16:26LEARN ALL ABOUT CORONAL STRUCTURE AND DYNAMICS.
00:16:29>> WHAT IS IT ABOUT THE CORONA,
00:16:32THE SUN'S OUTER ATMOSPHERE, THAT WE'RE STILL TRYING TO
00:16:35BETTER UNDERSTAND >> WELL, YOU KNOW, WE'VE KNOWN
00:16:39FOR ABOUT 100 YEARS NOW THAT THE
00:16:41CORONA IS INCREDIBLY HOT. IT IS
00:16:45MILLIONS OF DEGREES, HOT, EVEN THOUGH THE SOLAR SURFACE IS ONLY
00:16:47A FEW THOUSAND DEGREES. AND
00:16:51WE'RE STILL TRYING TO UNDERSTAND EXACTLY HOW THE
00:16:53CORONA'S MAGNETIC FIELD CARRIES THAT ENERGY UP FROM THE SOLAR
00:16:56SURFACE INTO THE CORONA, TO HEAT IT TO THOSE HIGH LEVELS. OUR
00:17:00OBSERVATIONS TODAY WILL OPEN NEW DISCOVERY SPACE WITH WAVELENGTHS
00:17:04THAT ARE VERY RARELY OBSERVED, THAT WILL ALLOW US TO APPLY
00:17:07PHYSICS MODELS TO BETTER
00:17:09UNDERSTAND HOW THAT CORONA IS
00:17:12HEATED. WE'LL ALSO BE LOOKING AT THE STRUCTURES OF PROMINENCES
00:17:16OR MATERIAL FROM LOWER DOWN. THAT'S KIND OF SUSPENDED IN THE
00:17:19CORONA THAT WE'RE STILL TRYING
00:17:21TO UNDERSTAND, ESPECIALLY IN THESE INFRARED WAVELENGTHS,
00:17:24WHERE WE DON'T HAVE A LOT OF
00:17:28OBSERVATIONS. AND ALL OF THIS WILL ALSO HELP US TO UNDERSTAND,
00:17:30OF COURSE, THE SOURCES OF SPACE WEATHER THAT AFFECT US HERE ON EARTH.
00:17:34>> SO I KNOW YOU FLEW THIS EXPERIMENT AND A SIMILAR ONE
00:17:37DURING THE 2024 AND 2017 TOTAL
00:17:40SOLAR ECLIPSES. WHAT DID YOU LEARN FROM THOSE ECLIPSES, AND ARE YOU MAKING ANY CHANGES TO
00:17:43YOUR EXPERIMENT FOR THIS
00:17:47ECLIPSE? >> IN 2017. OUR FIRST ATTEMPT AT
00:17:51THIS KIND OF OBSERVATION, WE DIDN'T EVEN KNOW WHAT WE WERE
00:17:53GOING TO SEE. AND MEASURING IN
00:17:57THE MID-WAVE INFRARED REVEALED
00:18:01NEW OBSERVATIONS AND NEW MEASUREMENTS THAT I THINK OPENED
00:18:03UP THE POSSIBILITIES OF LOTS OF FUTURE EXPERIMENTS TO TRY TO
00:18:06BETTER UNDERSTAND THIS EMISSION
00:18:09FROM THE SUN. IN 2024, WE FLEW AN UPGRADED INSTRUMENT, THE SAME
00:18:13ONE THAT'S FLYING. THIS YEAR.
00:18:16IT HAS FOUR CAMERAS MEASURING
00:18:19ACROSS NINE DIFFERENT WAVELENGTH BANDS, AND WE LEARNED QUITE A
00:18:23LOT. ALTHOUGH WE'RE STILL ANALYZING THAT DATA. SO I DON'T
00:18:27HAVE ANY RESULTS TO SHARE WITH YOU RIGHT NOW, EXCEPT TO SAY THAT WE SAW SOME AMAZING
00:18:30STRUCTURES, AND IT WILL BE VERY INTERESTING ONCE WE COMPLETE OUR ANALYSIS.
00:18:34>> YEAH, I'M LOOKING FORWARD. >> THIS YEAR, WE'RE FLYING THE SAME. OH, SORRY. GO AHEAD.
00:18:37>> NO, NO. GO AHEAD.
00:18:40>> FOR FOR THIS YEAR. WE'RE FLYING THE SAME INSTRUMENT AND
00:18:43WE'RE NOT MAKING ANY CHANGES TO IT. FROM 2024, EXCEPT THAT WE'RE
00:18:47APPLYING ALL OF THE LESSONS THAT WE LEARNED FROM THE PRIOR
00:18:49FLIGHTS, INCLUDING BEING ABLE TO
00:18:54FINE TUNE THE OBSERVING TIME AND THE OBSERVING PROCEDURES. AND OF
00:18:56COURSE, WE ALSO NOW HAVE OUR
00:18:58DATA ANALYSIS PIPELINE THAT'S ALREADY MADE FROM 2024, WHICH
00:19:02WILL ALLOW US TO COMBINE THIS DATA WITH THE DATA FROM TWO
00:19:05YEARS AGO TO MAKE NEW SCIENTIFIC
00:19:09MEASUREMENTS MUCH FASTER THAN WE WERE ABLE TO DO IN THE PAST.
00:19:10>> THANK YOU SO MUCH. I KNOW THE
00:19:14PLANE IS ABOUT TO BE CAPTURING THE ECLIPSE IN ABOUT 13 TO 14 MINUTES, SO BEST OF LUCK OUT
00:19:18THERE. AND THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR JOINING US.
00:19:20>> IT'S MY PLEASURE. THANK YOU SO MUCH.
00:19:24>> SO LET'S TAKE A LOOK AT THE TELESCOPE VIEWS RIGHT NOW. THE
00:19:27PARTIAL SOLAR ECLIPSE HAS JUST BEGUN IN SPAIN. YOU CAN SEE A
00:19:31LITTLE SLIVER OF THE SUN THAT'S BEEN CUT OFF ON THE ONE OF THE
00:19:34SIDES. THE MOON HAS JUST STARTED TO MOVE IN FRONT, AND WILL TAKE
00:19:38ROUGHLY AN HOUR OR SO BEFORE IT
00:19:39COMPLETELY COVERS THE BRIGHT
00:19:43DISK OF THE SUN. THANK YOU AGAIN TO OUR PARTNERS FOR THESE
00:19:45BEAUTIFUL TELESCOPE VIEWS OF THIS SOLAR ECLIPSE. WE'RE ABOUT
00:19:49TEN MINUTES AWAY FROM TOTALITY IN REYKJAVIK, ICELAND. THE
00:19:52TELESCOPES, THE TELESCOPE VIEWS.
00:19:55THERE ARE CLOUDY AT THE MOMENT,
00:19:58BUT WHAT WE'RE SEEING IN FRONT OF US ARE VIEWS FROM SPAIN. AND,
00:20:02UM, HOPEFULLY THE SKIES STAY
00:20:05CLEAR FOR SPAIN. AND FINGERS
00:20:08CROSSED THAT IS WHAT WE WANT FOR A TOTAL SOLAR ECLIPSE IS CLEAR
00:20:11SKIES. SO BEFORE TOTALITY COMES,
00:20:13WE HAVE A FEW MINUTES TO SHOW YOU DIFFERENT TYPES OF SCIENCE
00:20:17NASA HAS BEEN CONDUCTING IN ICELAND FOR YEARS. ICELAND IS A
00:20:20GREAT PLACE FOR ASTRONAUT TRAINING DUE TO ITS TERRAIN. A
00:20:24FEW YEARS AGO, THE ARTEMIS II
00:20:26CREW AND THE SCIENCE TEAM SPENT SOME TIME THERE TO PREPARE FOR
00:20:29THE ARTEMIS II MISSION. LET'S
00:20:30LEARN
00:20:38>> ICELAND IS A REALLY WONDERFUL PLACE. IT'S A GREAT PLACE OF INTEREST FOR FOR GEOLOGISTS, BUT
00:20:42IT'S ALSO A WONDERFUL ANALOG.
00:20:43ON ARTEMIS, WE'LL VISIT THE LUNAR SOUTH POLE. WE'LL MAKE
00:20:47OBSERVATIONS FROM ORBIT, AND WE HAVE A WHOLE NEW SET OF SCIENCE
00:20:50QUESTIONS THAT WE HOPE THAT ARTEMIS ASTRONAUTS WILL HELP US ANSWER FOR THE MOON AND MARS,
00:20:53WHICH ARE, OF COURSE, PLANETARY BODIES. WE'RE REALLY EXCITED
00:20:57ABOUT FOR HUMAN SPACEFLIGHT, SPECIFICALLY FOR THE MOON. WE
00:21:00HAVE FEATURES HERE IN ICELAND THAT ARE GEOLOGICALLY RELEVANT TO THE MOON, AND ALSO JUST HAVE
00:21:04A SENSE OF SCALE AND A SENSE OF IDENTITY THAT REALLY MIMIC WHAT
00:21:07WE KNOW. THE LUNAR SURFACE LOOKS LIKE. THERE'S A REASON APOLLO
00:21:11ASTRONAUTS TRAINED HERE, AND THERE'S A REASON WE'RE BRINGING ARTEMIS CREW HERE. NOW, THIS IS
00:21:15JUST A REALLY WONDERFUL PLACE TO LEARN ABOUT PROCESSES THAT SHAPE
00:21:19THE MOON, AND TO REALLY UNDERSTAND WHAT IT FEELS LIKE AND WHAT IT TAKES TO ACTUALLY
00:21:23NAVIGATE AND DO AN EVA OR SPACEWALK ON THE LUNAR SURFACE.
00:21:26>> IN ICELAND, WE ARE DOING
00:21:29FIELD WORK. WE'RE TRAINING CREW
00:21:30MEMBERS. THIS IS A KEY LOCATION
00:21:34FOR TRAINING FOR ARTEMIS CREWS.
00:21:35HERE WE SEE IN REAL TIME
00:21:38VOLCANIC FEATURES THAT WERE
00:21:40CREATED NOT LONG AGO. IT'S A REAL SPECIAL PLACE FOR DOING
00:21:44TRAINING FOR GEOLOGY.
00:21:47>> I'M HERE IN ICELAND TRAINING
00:21:49THE ARTEMIS II CREW IN GEOLOGY.
00:21:53THERE'S REALLY TRANSFORMATIONAL SCIENCE THAT WE CAN LEARN BY GETTING BOOTS BACK ON THE MOON,
00:21:56GETTING SAMPLES BACK, AND BEING
00:21:58ABLE TO DO FLD GEOLOGY WITH
00:22:02SURFACE, MAKING OBSERVATIONS THAT ONLY THEY CAN MAKE FROM THAT PERSPECTIVE.
00:22:06>> START TO SEE MAYBE SOFTBALL SIZE, LIKE. >> IT'S A FANTASTIC PLACE HERE
00:22:09IN ICELAND TO BE ABLE TO TRAIN GEOLOGY. ALSO, NAVIGATION SKILLS
00:22:13ARE ANOTHER BIG COMPONENT OF WHAT WE'RE DOING OUT HERE IN A BEAUTIFUL ENVIRONMENT LIKE THIS
00:22:16OUT HERE, CAMPING AND IN THE
00:22:19HIGHLANDS OF ICELAND.
00:22:25>> WOW, WHAT AN OFFICE TO WORK
00:22:26IN. SO LATER ON IN OUR COVERAGE,
00:22:30WE'RE GOING TO BE TAKING A CLOSER LOOK AT THE STUDENT BALLOONING EXPERIMENTS AS WELL.
00:22:34AND THAT'S BEEN TAKING PLACE IN ICELAND FOR THE PAST 24 HOURS.
00:22:37BUT NOW WE'RE GOING TO BE CHATTING WITH MARIE HENDERSON,
00:22:39WHO IS THE ARTEMIS II LUNAR
00:22:42SCIENCE DEPUTY LEAD. SHE HAS
00:22:46EXPERIENCED TRAINING IN ICELAND AND HAS A KEY ROLE IN ARTEMIS II
00:22:50LUNAR FLYBY DATA COLLECTION. MARIE, THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR JOINING US.
00:22:53>> THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR HAVING ME TODAY. >> SO, DURING THE ARTEMIS II
00:22:57MISSION, THE ASTRONAUTS WERE LUCKY ENOUGH TO SEE A TOTAL
00:23:00SOLAR ECLIPSE FROM SPACE. NOT TO BE CORNY, BUT THAT'S WHAT I
00:23:03CALL SUN AND MOON JOY. WAS THAT SOMETHING THAT WAS PLANNED FROM
00:23:07YOUR SIDE? >> WE KNEW THAT IT WAS A
00:23:10POSSIBILITY THAT WE COULD HAVE A SOLAR ECLIPSE DURING OUR LUNAR
00:23:13FLYBY. SO MONTHS BEFORE WE
00:23:15PREPARED OUR LUNAR IMAGING
00:23:18PROCEDURES, SOME OF THAT, BASED ON WHAT WE LEARNED DURING THE
00:23:21APOLLO PROGRAM, BUT ALSO SOME THAT WE LEARNED FROM IMAGING
00:23:25THAT TOOK PLACE DURING THE 2024 SOLAR ECLIPSE. AND SO WE USE
00:23:29THAT TO PREPARE OUR CAMERAS. BUT
00:23:33ALSO, ONCE WE REALIZE WE'RE COMING UP ON A LAUNCH DAY,
00:23:36ESPECIALLY IN APRIL, WHERE THERE WAS THAT POSSIBILITY, WE HAD TO
00:23:40GO BACK AND WE HAD EXTRA TIME TO TRAIN THE CREW ON WHAT THEY WERE
00:23:43GOING TO BE SEEING DURING THIS ECLIPSE, AND WHAT TYPES OF
00:23:47OBSERVATIONS. THE SCIENTISTS WERE REALLY EXCITED TO LEARN FROM THEM FOR. >> WOW, WHAT A LUCKY ALIGNMENT
00:23:51OF STARS. YES. IS SEEING AN
00:23:54ECLIPSE FROM SPACE ANY DIFFERENT FROM EARTH? DO THEY SEE
00:23:57DIFFERENT THINGS AND DID THEY HAVE TO WEAR ECLIPSE GLASSES?
00:24:01>> YES, THE CREW DID HAVE TO WEAR ECLIPSE GLASSES. AND SO WE
00:24:03GOT THOSE MANIFESTED, AS YOU CAN SEE ON YOUR SCREEN, TO FOR THEM
00:24:07TO HAVE TO MAKE SAFE
00:24:10OBSERVATIONS. ONE OF THE LARGE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN WHAT THE
00:24:13CREW SAW AS THEY WENT AROUND THE MOON AND FROM HERE ON EARTH, IS
00:24:17WE LOOK AT AN ECLIPSE THROUGH
00:24:17EARTH'S ATMOSPHERE. AND SO THEY
00:24:21DIDN'T HAVE TO DO A LOOK THROUGH AN ATMOSPHERE AS THEY'RE GOING AROUND THE MOON. SO THEY'RE
00:24:24ABLE TO SEE THE FULL EXTENT OF THAT CORONA, AS WELL AS THE
00:24:27ZODIACAL LIGHT IN THE SOLAR SYSTEM. >> AND HOW LONG WAS THE ECLIPSE UP THERE?
00:24:31>> IT WAS ABOUT 53 MINUTES LONG, SO THEY GOT A MUCH LONGER CHANCE
00:24:35TO LOOK AT THAT ECLIPSE. >> WOW, WHAT AN OPPORTUNITY. WHAT WAS THE DAY LIKE FOR YOU IN
00:24:38THE. SIR? >> IT WAS A VERY EXCITING DAY.
00:24:41WE. THIS WAS NOT SOMETHING THAT WE REALLY KNEW EXACTLY HOW IT
00:24:45WOULD BE. UM, AND SO WE HAD JUST
00:24:48HAD A BEAUTIFUL LUNAR FLYBY OF THE ILLUMINATED PORTIONS OF THE MOON. AND THEN WE TURNED TO
00:24:52WATCH THIS ECLIPSE. AND THE DESCRIPTIONS THAT WE HEARD
00:24:56COMING DOWN, SAYING THAT THEY WERE, YOU KNOW, THIS IS SCI FI.
00:24:59AND THEY COULDN'T EVEN IMAGINE. AND THIS GLOW, WE DIDN'T SEE
00:25:03THAT IN OUR COVERAGE. BUT ONCE THOSE IMAGES STARTED COMING DOWN
00:25:07THAT NIGHT, IT WAS MIND BLOWING TO SEE EXACTLY WHAT THEY'RE
00:25:11DESCRIBING. AND I WISH I WAS THERE MYSELF.
00:25:13>> SAY, WELL, THAT'S INCREDIBLE.
00:25:17I SO MISS TWO HAS JUST LAUNCHED. AND SO WE HAVE ARTEMIS III TO
00:25:19LOOK FORWARD TO. UM, CAN YOU TELL ME HOW YOU'RE PREPARING FOR THAT MISSION?
00:25:23>> YEAH. SO ARTEMIS III IS A DIFFERENT TYPE OF MISSION. WE'RE
00:25:27NOT GOING TO BE GOING TO THE MOON. WE'RE ACTUALLY GOING TO BE
00:25:29WORKING IN EARTH ORBIT. AND SO
00:25:31THIS WILL GIVE US AN OPPORTUNITY TO TEST OUR HUMAN LANDING SYSTEMS, WHICH WILL BE THE
00:25:35SPACECRAFT THAT WE TAKE DOWN TO THE SURFACE OF THE MOON. AND SO
00:25:37WE WILL WORK TO HOPEFULLY DOCK WITH ONE OR BOTH OF THE HUMAN
00:25:41LANDING SYSTEMS. AND BUT WE'RE
00:25:46ALSO GOING TO HAVE AN OPPORTUNITY TO DO A LOT OF SCIENCE AT EARTH, BECAUSE THIS
00:25:49WILL BE A NEW, UNIQUE VIEWING
00:25:51ORIENTATION AS WELL. >> WOW, WHAT AN EXCITING FEW MILESTONES TO LOOK FORWARD TO.
00:25:55WELL, THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR JOINING US TODAY. >> THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR HAVING
00:25:59ME. >> SO IF YOU'VE JUST JOINED US, TAKE A LOOK AT THESE MAPS THAT WE'RE SHOWING YOU RIGHT NOW.
00:26:03THAT'S SHOWING THE PATH OF THE MOON'S SHADOW. YOU CAN SEE THAT
00:26:06IT'S CLOSE TO REACHING ICELAND.
00:26:08WE'RE ABOUT FIVE MINUTES AWAY
00:26:11FROM TOTALITY IN REYKJAVIK AND OVER IN SPAIN, YOU CAN SEE THAT
00:26:14WE HAVE ABOUT 45 MINUTES LEFT UNTIL TOTALITY REACHES THEM. SO
00:26:18THESE ARE VIEWS FROM VIENNA,
00:26:20BADO IN SPAIN THAT WE'RE SEEING RIGHT NOW. AND IF WE SWITCH BACK
00:26:24TO THE MAP, YOU'LL SEE THAT THE MOON'S SHADOW ACTUALLY LOOKS
00:26:28PRETTY SLOW AS IT'S TRAVELING
00:26:31ACROSS DOWN TOWARDS SPAIN, BUT
00:26:36IT'S ACTUALLY TRAVELING AT OVER 2000MPH. THESE MAPS WERE MADE BY
00:26:39MY COLLEAGUE ERNIE WRIGHT, WHO USED VARIOUS NASA SATELLITE DATA TO CREATE SUPER ACCURATE MAPS
00:26:43FOR US. IF YOU WANT TO VIEW AND DOWNLOAD THEM YOURSELVES, YOU
00:26:47CAN VISIT SCIENCE.NASA.GOV SLASH
00:26:51ECLIPSES. SO NOW LET'S WELCOME
00:26:54BACK NASA HELIOPHYSICIST DR.
00:26:56KYLIE KIRK. KELLY, HOW ARE YOU FEELING ABOUT TODAY'S ECLIPSE?
00:27:00>> I'M EXCITED FOR EVERYONE. AND
00:27:01I KNOW THOSE CLOUDS ARE A LITTLE WORRYING IN ICELAND. THAT'S ONE
00:27:05OF THE REASONS WE HAD THE PLANE.
00:27:08BUT ALSO JOYFUL TO SEE THE BALLOONS THAT ARE GOING TO BE LAUNCHED, AS WELL AS, AS, AS
00:27:11SEEING IT IN SPAIN. SO REALLY EXCITED. >> YES, I'M SURE THE NASA
00:27:15PILOTS MUST BE EXCITED AS WELL. ON THE PLANE. >> YES, EXACTLY. IT'S A GREAT
00:27:18VIEW. IT REALLY IS A GREAT VIEW FROM THAT.
00:27:20>> SO HERE WE'RE SEEING A LIVE
00:27:23VIEW FROM THE WB 57 AIRCRAFT SENSOR RIGHT NOW. THERE ARE
00:27:26MOMENTS AWAY FROM SEEING THE MOON'S SHADOW HIT EARTH. AND
00:27:29ALSO CHASING THE ECLIPSE. AND
00:27:34THE WE HAVEN'T ACTUALLY SEEN THE VIEW OF THE CORONA YET FROM
00:27:38THE NOSE, BUT THEY WILL WILL BE CAPTURING IMAGES ONCE TOTALITY
00:27:41HITS ICELAND. AND ON THE RIGHT HAND SIDE, WE'RE SEEING A
00:27:44PARTIAL ECLIPSE FROM NORWAY, WHICH IS REALLY EXCITING. SO WE
00:27:47HAVE PLACES ACROSS EUROPE THAT WILL BE ABLE TO WITNESS A
00:27:51PARTIAL SOLAR ECLIPSE. THERE'LL BE MANY, MANY PEOPLE HERE THAT
00:27:55WILL BE ABLE TO EXPERIENCE THIS
00:27:57AMAZING CELESTIAL EVENT. SO
00:28:00WE'RE LET'S SEE HOW MANY WE'RE
00:28:03ABOUT, UM, FIVE MINUTES, SIX MINUTES AWAY FROM TOTALITY IN
00:28:06ICELAND. YEAH. UM, IF WE, UH,
00:28:10WHAT DO WE EXPECT TO SEE RIGHT BEFORE TOTALITY?
00:28:14>> RIGHT. SO RIGHT BEFORE TOTALITY, WE'RE IN THAT PARTIAL
00:28:16ECLIPSE THAT'S GOING DEEPER AND
00:28:20DEEPER. AND YOU START TO SEE THINGS GO DARK. SO EVEN IF THERE
00:28:23ARE CLOUDS, IT'S GOING TO GET A LITTLE BIT DARKER. THE WEATHER
00:28:25IS GOING TO DROP TOO, BECAUSE AGAIN, YOU BLOCKED OUT SOME OF THE SUNLIGHT. SO YOU'RE GOING TO
00:28:29GET COOLER. THERE'S SOME WIND THAT WILL PICK UP. SO THE
00:28:31ECLIPSES ARE REALLY FULL BODY
00:28:34EXPERIENCES. YOU MIGHT ALSO NOTICE THAT ANIMALS REACT AS
00:28:37WELL. IT'S NOT JUST HUMANS THAT
00:28:38EXPERIENCE THIS, BUT IF THERE
00:28:42ARE ANY ANIMALS, THEY MIGHT START TO PRETEND THAT IT'S NIGHTTIME OR REALIZE IT'S NIGHTTIME AND AND START TO KIND
00:28:46OF NEST. AND THIS IS VERY UNIQUE FOR THAT PART OF THE WORLD,
00:28:48BECAUSE RIGHT NOW, THEY'RE ON
00:28:52ALMOST 24 HOURS OF SUN. SO THEY ARE GOING TO BE A LITTLE SHOCKED BY THIS. AND SO YOU'LL BE
00:28:55EXPERIENCING A LOT OF DIFFERENT
00:28:56THINGS, EVEN IF YOU DON'T GET TO SEE THE BEAUTIFUL CORONA.
00:29:00>> YEAH. I'M THINKING ABOUT EVERYONE ON THE GROUND IN
00:29:02ICELAND RIGHT NOW. THEY MAY BE SEEING CLOUDS, BUT CAN YOU TELL
00:29:06ME, HOW DOES THE CLIMATE SHIFT
00:29:10WHEN AN ECLIPSE HAPPENS? BECAUSE I'VE HEARD THAT THE WEATHER CAN CHANGE DRASTICALLY. >> DEFINITELY. SO, FROM PERSONAL
00:29:14EXPERIENCE, IN 2017, I WAS IN SOUTH CAROLINA, AND THERE WERE
00:29:18THUNDERSTORMS. AND DURING TOTALITY, IT STARTED JUST AROUND
00:29:22THE SUN AND WAS ABLE TO ACTUALLY
00:29:25FULLY ENJOY THE ECLIPSE AND SEE MY FIRST TOTAL. THAT WAS MY
00:29:28FIRST TOTAL SOLAR ECLIPSE. SO THERE IS HOPE THAT THOUGH, THAT
00:29:31THE CLOUDS ARE INFLUENCED BY THAT CHANGE IN DAY NIGHT, THAT
00:29:35THAT ECLIPSE THAT'S COMING THROUGH. SO WE'RE HOPING THAT SOME OF THE WINDS AND SOME OF
00:29:38THAT CHANGES COULD CHANGE THINGS FOR ICELAND.
00:29:41>> OKAY. SO WE'RE SEEING RIGHT NOW ON SCREEN A LIVE TELESCOPE
00:29:45VIEW FROM SPAIN. AND THAT'S BECAUSE THE TELESCOPE VIEWS IN
00:29:49ICELAND ARE OBSCURED BY CLOUDS. BUT AS KELLY MENTIONED, I'M
00:29:53HOPING THAT THE CLOUDS WILL PART AND THE WEATHER WILL CHANGE FOR
00:29:56THEM. ANYTHING CAN HAPPEN AT THIS POINT, RIGHT? >> RIGHT. ANYTHING CAN HAPPEN.
00:30:00AND ALSO, WE'LL TALK ABOUT A LITTLE LATER. BUT THE BALLOON
00:30:02EXPERIMENTS, THEY ARE TESTING, THE ATMOSPHERE, THE ATMOSPHERE
00:30:05OF THE EARTH IS STILL BEING AFFECTED. EVEN IF THERE IS CLOUD
00:30:08COVER. AND THAT HELPS US WITH PREDICTING WEATHER MODELS. SO
00:30:12IT'S NOT JUST ABOUT THE CORONA SCIENCE, WHICH IS SOMETHING THAT
00:30:15I'M VERY PASSIONATE ABOUT, BUT IT IS ALSO ABOUT UNDERSTANDING
00:30:17OUR PLANET AND HOW IT INTERACTS WITH, INTERACTS WITH THE SUN AND
00:30:21THE LIGHT THAT WE'RE GETTING
00:30:22FROM IT. AND YOU SEE, OH, WE'RE
00:30:26STARTING TO SEE SOMETHING IN THE WB 57. IT'S GETTING VERY CLOSE.
00:30:28UM, THEY WERE, THEY WERE IN
00:30:31THERE. SO THAT'S A OKAY. WOW.
00:30:34>> OKAY. SO EVERYONE WHO'S WATCHING RIGHT NOW, THE RIGHT
00:30:36HAND BOX, YOU WILL SEE THE LIVE
00:30:40VIEWS FROM THE WB 57 AIRCRAFT.
00:30:41THAT'S WHERE THE NASA PILOTS
00:30:44ARE CHASING THE ECLIPSE FROM THE
00:30:46SKIES. SO KELLY, CAN YOU TELL ME
00:30:49WHY? WHAT ARE THE BENEFITS OF OBSERVING THE ECLIPSE FROM UP THERE.
00:30:52>> FROM OBSERVING UP THERE AT 50,000FT? WOW. OKAY, SO I LOOK AT THESE. THESE ARE GREAT.
00:30:5650,000FT. YOU'RE ABLE TO GET ABOVE ALL THE CLOUDS. SO THEY'RE ABOVE ALL THE CLOUDS. AND WE'RE
00:31:00ABLE TO, AGAIN, ALLOW IT TO OVERTAKE US. SO THEY, THEY GET A
00:31:04FEW MORE SECONDS OF TOTALITY.
00:31:06YOU SAW THAT BEAUTIFUL PINK
00:31:09FILAMENT ON THE SUN. THAT IS SOMETHING THAT AMIR TALKED ABOUT, IS THAT FILAMENT, THAT
00:31:13MATERIAL THAT COMES OFF THE SUN
00:31:14THAT CAN ACTUALLY CREATE SPACE WEATHER AND AFFECT OUR POWER
00:31:18GRIDS HERE ON EARTH. IT CAN AFFECT OUR GPS. SO IF YOU EVER
00:31:22USE YOUR, YOUR MAPS TO GET ANYWHERE, THAT'S A, THAT'S
00:31:24SOMETHING THAT WE CAN, WE NEED TO UNDERSTAND AND BE ABLE TO
00:31:28PREDICT. IT ALSO AFFECTS OUR ASTRONAUTS, OUR DEAR, OUR DEAR ASTRONAUTS. SO MAKING SURE THAT
00:31:31THEY'RE OKAY. SO THOSE THINGS ARE REALLY IMPORTANT TO STUDY. AND ONE OF THE REASONS WHY WE
00:31:34HAVE THE WB 57, IT'S A LITTLE HARD TO SEE. BUT IN THE WORDS ON
00:31:38THE RIGHT HAND SIDE, YOU SEE
00:31:42THAT PINK FILAMENT. NOW ON THE
00:31:46WB 57 FEED, WHICH IS ON THE RIGHT HAND SIDE. AND UM YEAH. SO
00:31:48YOU CAN SEE IT IN THE, THE, IN THIS AREA NOW KIND OF RIGHT IN
00:31:52THE CENTER. YOU'RE SEEING THAT
00:31:55PROMINENCE. AND SO THIS IS AMAZING DATA. AND IT MIGHT NOT
00:31:58LOOK AS CRISP AS WE'RE USED TO. YOU KNOW, WE'RE USED TO 4K DOWN
00:32:01HERE, BUT THIS IS REALLY DATA
00:32:05SCIENTISTS CAN LOVE BECAUSE THIS IS TELLING US VERY SPECIFICALLY
00:32:09ABOUT PART OF THE DATA. SO IT'S LIKE TAKING ONLY A LITTLE PART
00:32:11OF THE TV STREAM IN AND REALLY GETTING THE INFORMATION ABOUT
00:32:15THE ION OR THE OXYGEN, OR THE SPECIFIC COMPOSITION OF WHAT
00:32:19THAT'S MADE OF. AND IF WE KNOW WHAT IT'S MADE OF, WE CAN DO MORE SCIENCE WITH IT.
00:32:23>> UM, SO WE'RE ABOUT LIKE A MINUTE AND A HALF AWAY FROM
00:32:26TOTALITY IN ICELAND. AND SO WE
00:32:30HAVE A MINUTE AND A HALF THE CLOUDS TO PASS. SO THE SUN VIEW
00:32:34THAT YOU'RE SEEING HERE, THAT
00:32:36IS NOT OF ICELAND, BUT THAT IS OF THE PARTIAL ECLIPSE IN SPAIN.
00:32:39UM, ICELAND IS STILL BEING COVERED WITH CLOUDS, BUT
00:32:43TOTALITY WILL HIT THEM IN ABOUT
00:32:46JUST A MINUTE OR SO. AND LUCKILY, OUR AIRPLANE, THE WB 57
00:32:49AIRCRAFT, THEY'RE GOING TO BE GETTING CLEAR VIEWS OF THE
00:32:52ECLIPSE FROM THE SKIES. SO WE'RE
00:32:55GOING TO BE SEEING WHAT THE CAMERA ON THE ON THE NOSE OF THE
00:32:58PLANE WILL BE SEEING IN ROUGHLY ONE MINUTE, WHICH IS SO
00:33:02EXCITING. >> SO EXCITING. YES, DEFINITELY. AND YOU ARE STARTING TO SEE SOME
00:33:05OF THE, UM, THE, WHAT WOULD BE A
00:33:07DIAMOND RING EFFECT. SO THOSE LITTLE PINK, UH, THINGS THAT
00:33:11YOU'RE SEEING, UH, THIS IS WHAT
00:33:14HAPPENS WHEN LIGHT PASSES
00:33:16THROUGH THE VALLEYS OF THE MOON. SO YOU DON'T HAVE A PERFECT
00:33:19CIRCLE IN THE MOON. IT HAS THOSE CRATERS. AND THERE'S THAT
00:33:21DIAMOND RING EFFECT. SO YEAH, SO
00:33:24JUST ABSOLUTELY BEAUTIFUL. UM, AND THAT'S WHEN YOU STILL SHOULD HAVE YOUR, YOUR GLASSES ON. AND
00:33:28WHEN THAT ENDS, THAT'S WHEN WE'RE ABLE TO DO IT. AND I WANT TO COMMENT, THIS IS AN
00:33:32EXPERIMENT, RIGHT? AND SO THIS IS PART OF THE REASON WHY WE'RE
00:33:35SEEING KIND OF THE, THE ARROWS OR THE CROSSHAIRS GO IN AND OUT.
00:33:39WE ARE REAL TIME. THIS IS REAL
00:33:43TIME LIVE SCIENCE HAPPENS IS THAT WE ARE TRYING TO MAKE SURE
00:33:45TO MAKE ADJUSTMENTS AND MAKE SURE WE'RE GETTING AN IMAGE. >> WOW.
00:33:49>> YEAH. >> SO WE ARE EIGHT, SEVEN
00:33:51SECONDS DOWN TO TOTALITY IN ICELAND. THIS IS REALLY
00:33:55EXCITING. WE'RE GETTING A SHOT OF THE BALLOONING EXPERIMENT AS
00:33:56WELL. THIS IS THE NATIONWIDE ECLIPSE BALLOONING PROJECT.
00:34:00THEY'VE BEEN LAUNCHING BALLOONS DURING FOR THE PAST 24 HOURS
00:34:03LEADING UP TO THIS ECLIPSE, WHICH IS SO EXCITING. AND I CAN
00:34:07SEE THAT THEY'RE GETTING REALLY EXCITED AS WELL. DESPITE THE
00:34:09CLOUDS, BECAUSE THEY CAN ACTUALLY STILL COLLECT DATA,
00:34:12EVEN THOUGH THEY CAN'T SEE THE ECLIPSE. IS THAT RIGHT? >> EXACTLY. THEY CAN STILL
00:34:16COLLECT DATA. THEY ARE STILL EXPERIENCING A LITTLE BIT OF THAT DARKNESS. IT'S OBVIOUSLY
00:34:19DARKER. SEE, IT'S, IT'S DEFINITELY DARKER, EVEN THOUGH
00:34:23YOU CAN'T SEE THE CORONA
00:34:24ITSELF. AND A LITTLE BIT LOOKS
00:34:27LIKE SUNSET AROUND THE 360 DEGREES. AND, YOU KNOW, HOPEFULLY WE'LL SEE THIS IN
00:34:31SPAIN, WHERE IT WILL BE VERY VIVID IMAGERY THERE.
00:34:34>> YEAH. SO IT LOOKS LIKE TOTALITY HAS HIT ICELAND, WHICH
00:34:37IS SO EXCITING. YOU CAN SEE THAT
00:34:40THE BALLOONING TEAM IS ENGULFED BY DARKNESS HERE. SO THAT IS SO,
00:34:43SO EXCITING. I CAN SEE THEM SMILING. YEAH. OH MY GOODNESS.
00:34:46SO WHY DO WE SEE A 360 DEGREE
00:34:50SUNSET DURING AN ECLIPSE? >> BECAUSE THERE IS LIGHT ON
00:34:52EITHER SIDE. IT'S JUST SIMPLY BLOCKING OUT IN THAT SPECIFIC
00:34:55SHADOW. SO IT'S LIKE THE SUN HAS GONE DOWN JUST IN THAT ONE
00:34:59LOCATION. BUT YOU KNOW, THE REST OF THE EARTH IS STILL ILLUMINATED. SO YOU STILL HAVE.
00:35:03OH, WOW. THAT IS, THAT IS IMAGES OF THE SKY AND THE AIRPLANE. WE
00:35:06ARE SEEING THE AIRPLANE. >> WOW. SO WE HAVE EXPERIMENTS
00:35:09HAPPENING IN THE AIR AND ON THE
00:35:12GROUND IN ICELAND, WHICH IS SO EXCITING. WOW. SO, AND THEN WHAT
00:35:15WE'RE SEEING NOW IS THE PARTIAL ECLIPSE HAPPENING IN NORWAY.
00:35:19THEY WILL JUST BE EXPERIENCING A PARTIAL BIT IN ICELAND. THEY ARE
00:35:23EXPERIENCING TOTALITY RIGHT NOW.
00:35:23WE HAVE EXPERIMENTS, BALLOONS,
00:35:28CAPTURING DATA IN THE SKIES, AND ALSO CAPTURING DATA IN THE SKIES AS WELL. >> YES WE DO, AND IT'S REALLY
00:35:32INTERESTING LOOKING AT THE SUN. THERE ARE SOME FEATURES, THOSE LINES THAT YOU SEE, THE DARK
00:35:35LINES, THOSE ARE MAGNETIC FEATURES. AND THOSE, AGAIN, ARE THE EXCITING THINGS WE WANT TO
00:35:39KNOW ABOUT FOR, FOR SPACE WEATHER. AND SO TO BETTER
00:35:43UNDERSTAND THAT, SO THE SUN HAS GIVEN US SOME VERY INTERESTING
00:35:45THINGS TO LOOK AT. AND THOSE EXPERIMENTS WILL REALLY, REALLY HELP US.
00:35:49>> YEAH. AND SO THIS IS WHY
00:35:53ECLIPSE OBSERVATIONS AND ECLIPSE CHASING IS SO CRITICAL, BECAUSE
00:35:56EVEN THOUGH THEY HAPPEN OFTEN, AND EVEN THOUGH WE KNOW EXACTLY
00:35:58WHEN THEY'RE GOING TO HAPPEN,
00:36:00YOU NEVER KNOW WHEN THE WEATHER WILL JUST OBSCURE YOUR VIEW. SO WE CAN, WE WANT TO TAKE EVERY
00:36:04OPPORTUNITY WE WANT WE CAN TO GET OBSERVATIONS. >> DEFINITELY.
00:36:08>> SO, OKAY, SO IF YOU WERE IN
00:36:12ICELAND AND YOU WERE EITHER SEEING CLOUDS OR YOU WERE ABLE
00:36:16TO SEE THE ECLIPSE, PLEASE SHARE YOUR EXPERIENCE WITH US. WE WANT
00:36:18TO KNOW WHAT YOU EXPERIENCE ON
00:36:20THE GROUND. PLEASE TAG AT NASA
00:36:22WHEREVER YOU'RE WATCHING. SO WE HAVE A LOT OF QUESTIONS COMING
00:36:26IN HERE FROM SOCIAL MEDIA. SO,
00:36:30KELLY, SHALL WE DIG INTO THESE QUESTIONS? >> YES, LET'S DIG IN.
00:36:32>> ALL RIGHTY. SO WE HAVE BO ON
00:36:34FACEBOOK AND THEY ASK, ARE WE
00:36:36REALLY GOING TO LOSE GRAVITY
00:36:39DURING THE ECLIPSE? >> NO, WE ARE. >> NOT GRAVITY.
00:36:42>> REALLY THE STUFF THAT STICKS US TO THE EARTH. THE EARTH'S MASS HAS NOT CHANGED BECAUSE OF
00:36:46THIS ECLIPSE. AND SO WE'RE GOING TO STAY GROUNDED ON THIS EARTH.
00:36:49>> OKAY? NOTED. GRAVITY WILL NOT
00:36:50CHANGE. CHANGE. OKAY, SO WE HAVE
00:36:53ANOTHER QUESTION FROM X. AND THEY ASK, HOW MUCH CAN WE
00:36:57ACTUALLY LEARN ABOUT THE SUN DURING JUST A FEW MINUTES OF
00:36:59TOTALITY, COMPARED TO YEARS OF NORMAL OBSERVATIONS?
00:37:03>> THIS IS IT'S REALLY ABOUT HAVING ALL OF THE OBSERVATIONS,
00:37:06RIGHT? WE DEFINITELY NEED THAT TOTALITY BECAUSE THE MOON JUST
00:37:10HAPPENS TO FIT SO PERFECTLY OVER
00:37:12THE SURFACE OF THE SUN THAT WE CAN SEE FROM THAT SURFACE
00:37:15OUTWARD FOR THAT SPACEX WEATHER. WHEREAS SOME OF OUR INSTRUMENTS AREN'T QUITE THAT THAT CLOSE
00:37:19IN. SO WE NEED TO KNIT THEM TOGETHER AND USE BOTH, BOTH THE,
00:37:22THE COUPLE OF MINUTES FROM THE
00:37:24ECLIPSE, AS WELL AS THE YEARS OF OBSERVATIONS FROM OUR NASA
00:37:27SATELLITES. >> OKAY, WELL, I'M GLAD THAT WE
00:37:29HAVE BOTH WAYS OF GETTING OBSERVATIONS.
00:37:32>> EXACTLY. >> UM, SO WE HAVE ANOTHER
00:37:35QUESTION HERE FROM ELENA ON YOUTUBE. AND THEY ASKED, WHY
00:37:38DOES THE WEATHER CHANGE IN A SOLAR ECLIPSE?
00:37:41>> THAT'S A GOOD QUESTION. AND I THINK THAT'S SOMETHING STILL
00:37:45TRYING TO BE UNDERSTOOD. BUT IF YOU IMAGINE YOU'VE HEATED, YOU'VE STOPPED HEATING
00:37:49SOMETHING UP, UH, TEMPORARILY. SO THINGS SINK, RIGHT? WHEN THINGS GET COLD, THEY TEND TO
00:37:53SINK. AND SO THE AIR IS MOVING AND THAT STARTS TO CREATE WINDS.
00:37:57AND WHEN YOU CREATE WINDS, YOU START TO COOL THINGS DOWN. SO
00:38:00THE WEATHER CHANGES DUE TO JUST TURNING ON AND OFF THE LIGHT
00:38:04ALONE. UM, BECAUSE THE SUN IS SO
00:38:06IMPORTANT TO US AND ACTUALLY REGULATING OUR WEATHER.
00:38:09>> WOW. OKAY, SO WE HAVE ANOTHER
00:38:11QUESTION HERE FROM FRANK PEREZ
00:38:13ON X, AND THEY ASK FOR SENDING
00:38:15TEAMS TO DO RESEARCH IN THE PATH
00:38:17OF TOTALITY. HOW DO YOU BALANCE THE CREW TRAINING VALUE OF
00:38:21ICELAND'S TERRAIN AGAINST THE STATISTICAL ODDS OF CLEAR SKIES IN SPAIN?
00:38:24>> AND WE DEFINITELY ADDRESS
00:38:26BOTH. RIGHT? THERE WERE THERE ARE GREAT THINGS TO DO WITH THE
00:38:30ATMOSPHERIC WORK, ESPECIALLY IN
00:38:33THE ARCTIC AREAS, FOR FOR THE BALLOONS THAT WE SENT TO
00:38:35ICELAND. AND THEN WE HAD A TEAM AND WE HAVE TEAMS IN SPAIN ALSO
00:38:39DOING THAT. SO IT WAS A, IT WAS A BALANCED PORTFOLIO. WE MADE
00:38:43SURE THAT WE HAD BOTH TYPES OF
00:38:46EXPERIMENTS AVAILABLE. >> OKAY. THANK YOU SO MUCH. SO KEEP YOUR QUESTIONS COMING IN.
00:38:49WE'LL BE ANSWERING MORE LATER ON IN THE SHOW. AND SO EARLIER,
00:38:53I ALSO MENTIONED THAT WE HAD
00:38:55QUESTIONS FOR YOU, THE VIEWERS AS WELL. YOU CAN HEAD OVER TO
00:38:58NASA'S TWITTER AND INSTAGRAM TO
00:38:59WEIGH IN ON A COUPLE OF THOSE.
00:39:03SO HERE ARE A, HERE ARE SOME OF THESE QUESTIONS THAT WE POSED TO
00:39:06YOU. SO, KELLY, LET'S SEE WHAT THOSE QUESTIONS ARE. SO IF YOU
00:39:09HAD TO PICK WHERE YOU WOULD
00:39:12WATCH THE ECLIPSE FROM OUT OF THESE SPECIAL LOCATIONS LISTED,
00:39:15UM, I'M GOING TO ASK YOU THIS, KELLY, WHICH ONES WOULD YOU CHOOSE? SO WE HAVE THE
00:39:18INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION, A HIGH ALTITUDE PLANE, AN
00:39:22OBSERVATION, AN OBSERVATORY
00:39:25TELESCOPE ROOM, AND A NASA CHASE JET.
00:39:28>> UM, IT WOULD BE A TOUGH CHOICE BETWEEN INTERNATIONAL
00:39:31SPACE STATION OR HIGH ALTITUDE PLANE. THEY'VE GOT SUCH A HUGE OVERVIEW. IT'S GREAT.
00:39:35>> YEAH, I THINK I WOULD CHOOSE
00:39:36THE SAME TOO. YEAH. SO THANK YOU
00:39:40TO EVERYONE WHO HAS PARTICIPATED SO FAR. WE'RE GOING TO CHECK BACK INTO THOSE RESULTS A LITTLE
00:39:43BIT LATER ON. SO NEXT LET'S HEAD
00:39:48BACK TO THE GROUND IN ICELAND. WE HAVE ANOTHER NASA FUNDED
00:39:51EXPERIMENT THERE INVOLVING BALLOONS, STUDENTS THAT ARE PART
00:39:55OF THE NATIONWIDE ECLIPSE BALLOONING PROJECT. THEY'VE BEEN
00:39:56LAUNCHING BALLOONS CONTINUOUSLY THROUGHOUT THE ECLIPSE, AND
00:39:59WE'RE GOING TO BE CHATTING WITH
00:40:00THEM LIVE FROM ICELAND SHORTLY.
00:40:04BUT FIRST, LET'S LEARN MORE
00:40:08ABOUT THEIR ECLIPSE PROJECT. >> OF STUDENTS FROM ACROSS THE UNITED STATES HAVE A UNIQUE
00:40:12VANTAGE POINT OF TOTAL SOLAR
00:40:14ECLIPSES. THANKS TO SCIENTIFIC BALLOONS.
00:40:17>> THE NATIONWIDE ECLIPSE
00:40:19BALLOONING PROJECT IS A NASA
00:40:22MISSION LIKE ADVENTURE AND COLLECTING DATA FROM BALLOONS
00:40:25THAT GO HIGH UP INTO THE ATMOSPHERE. >> STARTED IN
00:40:28>> IN 2014. THE PROJECT ENGAGES COLLEGE STUDENTS AND HIGH
00:40:32SCHOOLERS IN ONE OF TWO DISTINCT PATHS.
00:40:35>> ONE IS THE ENGINEERING TRACK THAT HAS MOSTLY ENGINEERING
00:40:37STUDENTS THAT GET TO TINKER ON
00:40:40DIFFERENT PAYLOADS, AND THE OTHER TRACK IS AN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCE TRACK, WHERE THEY'LL
00:40:43ACTUALLY BE LAUNCHING WEATHER
00:40:46SENSORS TO STUDY THE IMPACT OF THE.
00:40:48>> ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCE TEAMS, LAUNCH HELIUM FILLED WEATHER
00:40:52BALLOONS, THE SAME AS THOSE USED BY THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE.
00:40:55EVERY HOUR FOR HOURS BEFORE AND
00:40:57AFTER AN ECLIPSE. ENGINEERING
00:41:00TEAMS FLY LARGER BALLOONS LADEN WITH CAMERAS AND EXPERIMENTS.
00:41:04THEY BUILD THEMSELVES 100,000FT
00:41:06UP INTO THE STRATOSPHERE. FROM THERE, THEY STUDY A VARIETY OF
00:41:10THINGS, SUCH AS INCOMING COSMIC RADIATION AND OZONE LEVELS, AS
00:41:12WELL AS OFFERING DRAMATIC VIEWS
00:41:14OF THE MOON'S SHADOW ON OUR PLANET.
00:41:17>> THE PROJECT IS REALLY A UNIQUE ONE, IN THAT IT'S BOTH
00:41:21AN EDUCATION, BUT ALSO DOING
00:41:25AMAZING SCIENCE. THAT'S BOTH ABOUT THE ECLIPSE ITSELF AND
00:41:28ALSO THE ATMOSPHERIC RESPONSE OF
00:41:32THE ECLIPSE. >> STUDENT BALLOON TEAMS MADE A HISTORIC FIRST DURING THE 2019
00:41:34ECLIPSE. THEY MEASURED ECLIPSE DRIVEN ATMOSPHERIC GRAVITY WAVES
00:41:38IN EARTH'S STRATOSPHERE, OR
00:41:41LARGE RIPPLES IN THE AIR CAUSED BY THE TEMPORARY COOLING DUE TO THE DROP IN SUNLIGHT.
00:41:45>> WHAT EXCITES ME THE MOST
00:41:47ABOUT THIS PROJECT IS THINKING
00:41:49ABOUT THE EXPERIENCES THAT THE STUDENTS HAVE THAT THEY'LL
00:41:53REMEMBER FOREVER.
00:41:55>> [APPLAUSE] [APPLAUSE] [MUSIC]
00:42:02>> NOT. >> TALKING TO US. LIVE FROM MOSFELLSBAER IN ICELAND. WE HAVE
00:42:05JARED AND TESSA, WHO ARE PART OF THE NATIONWIDE ECLIPSE
00:42:08BALLOONING PROJECT. TESSA, THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR JOINING US. I
00:42:12KNOW YOU JUST EXPERIENCED THE
00:42:13TOTAL ECLIPSE IN ICELAND. HOW
00:42:17WAS THAT FOR YOU? >> IT WAS AWESOME. I MEAN, IT'S
00:42:20DEFINITELY CLOUDY HERE, WHICH IS A SHAME, BUT WE SAW THE LIGHTS
00:42:23DIM. IT WAS ALMOST AS IF YOU WERE INDOORS AND IT WAS JUST YOU
00:42:27WERE DIMMING THE LIGHTS. IT WAS ALMOST INSTANT, WHICH IS, I'VE
00:42:29NEVER BEEN IN THE PATH OF TOTALITY BEFORE, SO I'VE NEVER SEEN ANYTHING LIKE THAT. SO IT
00:42:33WAS, IT WAS REALLY AMAZING. >> YEAH.
00:42:36>> THE WIND TOTALLY STOPPED IT. LIKE IT WAS WINDY. AND THEN IT
00:42:40JUST STOPPED THE BIRDS. WE HAD BIRDS FLYING OVER US ALL DAY,
00:42:43AND THEN THEY JUST DISAPPEARED.
00:42:46SO IT WAS A LITTLE EERIE, KIND OF CREEPY. WOW. >> THAT'S AMAZING. I'M SO GLAD
00:42:50THAT YOU COULD EXPERIENCE THAT, EVEN THOUGH, YOU KNOW, YOU HAD CLOUDY SKIES. SO TELL ME MORE
00:42:53ABOUT WHAT YOU'VE BEEN DOING. I SEE YOU'VE GOT BALLOONS
00:42:57LAUNCHING IN THE BACKGROUND. WHAT ARE YOU MEASURING WITH
00:42:58BALLOONS IN ICELAND?
00:43:01>> SO WE HAVE BALLOONS THAT ARE
00:43:06MEASURING A LOT OF DIFFERENT THINGS LIKE TEMPERATURE, PRESSURE, HUMIDITY, WIND DIRECTION, AND SPEED. AND THIS
00:43:10IS SUPPOSED TO GATHER THE ATMOSPHERIC CHANGES DURING THE
00:43:12ECLIPSE. SO NORMALLY DURING THE DAY, AIR RISES UNTIL IT HITS
00:43:15LESS DENSE AIR. AND THIS IS CALLED THE BOUNDARY LAYER. BUT
00:43:19DURING NIGHTTIME, WHEN THE SUN IS DOWN, THIS AIR STOPS. AND IT'S CALLED BOUNDARY LAYER
00:43:23COLLAPSE. SO THAT'S EXACTLY THE SAME THING THAT HAPPENS DURING
00:43:26THE ECLIPSE. AND WE'RE USING
00:43:28THESE RADIO SIGNS TO MEASURE THE ATMOSPHERIC CHANGES. THE
00:43:32BOUNDARY LAYER COLLAPSE, AND THEN THE RECOVERY. AND WE'RE IN ICELAND, NOT JUST BECAUSE IT'S
00:43:36IN THE PATH OF TOTALITY, BUT
00:43:39ALSO ITS NORTHERN LATITUDE AND ITS SHORTER NIGHTS MAKE A COMPLETELY DIFFERENT BOUNDARY
00:43:43LAYER. SO IT'S BEEN A REALLY COOL OPPORTUNITY TO BE ABLE TO STUDY THAT UNDER THE ECLIPSE,
00:43:47UNDER THIS UNIQUE CONDITIONS.
00:43:49>> SO YOU'RE BOTH COLLEGE STUDENTS RIGHT NOW. HOW LONG HAVE YOU BEEN PART OF THE
00:43:53PROJECT, AND WHAT MADE YOU WANT
00:43:54TO JOIN THE PROJECT?
00:43:57>> YEAH, SO WE STARTED THIS PROJECT AT THE BEGINNING OF
00:44:00JUNE. UH, SO WE'VE BEEN WORKING
00:44:03WITH OUR TEAMS, RESPECTIVE
00:44:06TEAMS, UH, TESSA AT THE UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY. AND THEN
00:44:09MY TEAM MADE UP OF STUDENTS FROM
00:44:12ACROSS IDAHO. AND, UH, WE'VE BEEN MEETING ONCE A WEEK DOING
00:44:15BALLOON LAUNCHES, PREPARING, AND
00:44:19REALLY WHAT GOT ME INTO IT WAS MY BALLOONING CLUB THAT WE HAVE
00:44:23AT THE UNIVERSITY OF IDAHO. AND, UM, WE ALL JUST, YOU KNOW, WE
00:44:27LOVE THE SCIENCE, WE LOVE THE TEAMWORK, THE TEAM BUILDING,
00:44:31AND, UM, SO IT'S BEEN A LOT OF FUN.
00:44:34>> THAT'S GREAT. AND SO DO YOU HAVE ANY TIPS FOR STUDENTS WHO
00:44:37ARE THINKING ABOUT JOINING
00:44:40>> YEAH. SO MY BIGGEST TIP WOULD BE, UH, TO GET INVOLVED. THAT
00:44:45WAS HOW I LEARNED ABOUT THIS PROJECT WAS THROUGH MY CLUB. UH,
00:44:48THE PROFESSOR, UH, CAME TO US
00:44:51AND WAS LIKE, HEY, THERE'S THIS REALLY COOL OPPORTUNITY. UM, AND
00:44:54SO YOU GUYS SHOULD PUT AN APPLICATION IN. AND THEN ALSO
00:44:57JUST, YOU KNOW, WHAT, IF YOU
00:45:00HAVE INTERNSHIP OPPORTUNITIES AND YOU SEE THOSE, YOU KNOW,
00:45:02JUST PUT AN APPLICATION IN, UH, YOU NEVER KNOW WHAT OPPORTUNITY
00:45:06YOU COULD GET. >> AND THEN ALSO, I WOULD SAY, IF YOU HAVE A CLASS THAT YOU'RE
00:45:10REALLY INTERESTED IN, JUST TALK TO THE PROFESSOR, SEE IF THEY
00:45:14HAVE NEED ANY HELP ON THE RESEARCH, BECAUSE, UM, IT REALLY
00:45:16GIVES YOU A GOOD OPPORTUNITY TO
00:45:20APPLY YOUR CLASSROOM KNOWLEDGE TO REAL LIFE SCENARIOS, WHICH YOU DON'T USUALLY GET IN THE
00:45:22CLASSROOM. AND YOU ALSO NEVER KNOW WHAT OPPORTUNITIES WILL ARISE, LIKE GOING OUTSIDE THE
00:45:26COUNTRY FOR THE FIRST TIME, LIKE I'M DOING RIGHT NOW.
00:45:29>> SO YEAH. OH, WOW. THAT'S AMAZING. WELL, BEST OF LUCK. I
00:45:32KNOW YOU'RE LAUNCHING CONTINUOUSLY AFTER THE ECLIPSE AS WELL. SO THANK YOU SO MUCH
00:45:36FOR JOINING ME, TESSA AND JARED.
00:45:44NATIONWIDE ECLIPSE BALLOONING PROJECT ARE ALSO LAUNCHING BALLOONS IN SPAIN AS WELL AS ICELAND. AND I CAN'T WAIT TO SEE
00:45:47THEIR OBSERVATIONS. SO IF WE
00:45:49HEAD BACK TO THE MAP, THE
00:45:53MOON'S SHADOW IS HEADING TOWARDS SPAIN RIGHT NOW, AND WE'RE ROUGHLY HALF AN HOUR AWAY
00:45:57FROM TOTALITY IN LEON, SPAIN,
00:45:59FOR THIS ECLIPSE. THE MOON'S
00:46:03SHADOW IS ROUGHLY 182 MILES WIDE, AT ITS MAXIMUM WIDTH, AND
00:46:05IT'S TRAVELING AT OVER 2000MPH.
00:46:09AND SO HERE WE'RE SEEING
00:46:10ECLIPSE VIEWS AS WELL. IN THE
00:46:14BOTTOM CORNER IN LEON, SPAIN.
00:46:17AND YOU CAN SEE THE LITTLE BITE THAT THE MOON HAS TAKEN OUT OF
00:46:19THE SUN. AND WE CAN'T WAIT TO SEE TOTALITY THERE. IT LOOKS
00:46:23LIKE THEY HAVE CLEAR SKIES,
00:46:26WHICH IS AWESOME AND SO, UM, IF
00:46:31YOU ARE WATCHING THE SOLAR ECLIPSE FROM THE GROUND,
00:46:33REMEMBER TO WEAR SAFE SOLAR VIEWING GLASSES OR ECLIPSE
00:46:37GLASSES, LIKE THESE ONES HERE. THE ONLY TIME YOU CAN TAKE THEM
00:46:40OFF IS DURING TOTALITY WHEN YOU'RE EXPERIENCING IT. IF
00:46:43YOU'RE WATCHING THE PARTIAL ECLIPSE IN THE UNITED STATES,
00:46:46YOU CAN WEAR ECLIPSE GLASSES THE
00:46:50ENTIRE TIME. IF YOU WANT TO LEARN MORE ABOUT ECLIPSE SAFETY,
00:46:52HEAD TO SCIENCE.GOV SLASH
00:46:56ECLIPSES SO TOTAL SOLAR ECLIPSES
00:47:00GIVE US A CHANCE TO STUDY THE SUN'S CORONA IN GREATER DETAIL,
00:47:03WHICH HELPS US LEARN ABOUT HOW IT BEHAVES AND AFFECTS US HERE
00:47:06ON EARTH. THE SUN IS HIGHLY
00:47:10DYNAMIC AND CREATES CONDITIONS IN SPACE CALLED SPACE WEATHER
00:47:12THAT CAN AFFECT OUR TECHNOLOGY
00:47:16FROM GPS SYSTEMS AND COMMUNICATION SATELLITES AND AIRPLANES, AND EVEN OUR POWER
00:47:20GRIDS ON THE GROUND. BUT IN ORDER TO BETTER UNDERSTAND IT,
00:47:24WE HAVE A SUITE OF SPACECRAFT
00:47:25THAT ARE MONITORING THE SUN FROM
00:47:28DIFFERENT VANTAGE POINTS AROUND THE CLOCK. SO LET'S LEARN MORE
00:47:30ABOUT NASA'S SPACE
00:47:38WEATHER PROGRAM. >> [MUSIC] >> ACROSS OUR PLANET, BILLIONS OF PEOPLE DEPEND ON THE INVISIBLE NETWORKS THAT CONNECT
00:47:42US TO SPACE. EVERY DAY. THOSE
00:47:45NETWORKS ARE AT THE MERCY OF OUR
00:47:50TEMPERAMENTAL SUN AND THE SPACE WEATHER THAT IT UNLEASHES ACROSS
00:47:52OUR SOLAR SYSTEM. THAT'S WHY
00:47:54NASA'S SPACE WEATHER PROGRAM
00:47:57TRACKS SOLAR STORMS FROM THE
00:47:59MOMENT THEY ERUPT, MODELING
00:48:02THEIR PATHS, ANTICIPATING THEIR IMPACTS, AND LEADING THE
00:48:04RESEARCH THAT THE WORLD'S
00:48:07INDUSTRIES RELY ON. NASA'S SPACE WEATHER RESEARCH AND
00:48:11MODELING IS DRIVEN BY THE NEEDS
00:48:14OF SOCIETY AND ENABLES CRITICAL DECISION MAKING THAT EQUIPS
00:48:17PILOTS TO REROUTE AROUND HIGH
00:48:19RADIATION AREAS. FARMERS TO
00:48:22ADJUST GPS BASED PRECISION
00:48:27PLANTING AND HARVESTING PLANS, AND POWER GRID OPERATORS TO MITIGATE THE IMPACTS OF
00:48:29POTENTIAL SURGES. FOR THOSE
00:48:33EXPLORING OTHER WORLDS, NASA
00:48:36PROVIDES 24/7 SPACE WEATHER
00:48:39MONITORING FOR ARTEMIS CRUZ AT THE MOON AND FUTURE MARS ASTRONAUTS, WHO MAY BE EXPOSED
00:48:42TO DANGEROUS LEVELS OF RADIATION DURING SOLAR STORMS.
00:48:46>> [MUSIC] >> WHETHER YOU'RE A PILOT OR A
00:48:48PASSENGER, A FARMER, OR A
00:48:51CONSUMER, A POWER GRID OPERATOR OR ENERGY
00:48:55>> [MUSIC] >> CUSTOMER, A SATELLITE
00:48:57CONTROLLER OR GPS USER, SPACE
00:49:01WEATHER IMPACTS US ALL.
00:49:05>> IF YOU'RE JUST JOINING US, WELCOME TO NASA'S LIVE COVERAGE
00:49:08OF TODAY'S TOTAL SOLAR ECLIPSE.
00:49:12WE'RE ROUGHLY ABOUT 24, 25 MINUTES AWAY FROM HOPEFULLY
00:49:15SEEING THE FIRST INSTANCE OF
00:49:16TOTALITY IN SPAIN. SO STAY TUNED
00:49:19FOR THAT EXCITING MOMENT. AND SO JOINING ME IN THE STUDIO NOW IS
00:49:22ONE OF NASA'S SPACE WEATHER ANALYSTS, KARINA ZELDIN. KARINA,
00:49:26THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR JOINING ME. >> THANKS FOR HAVING ME.
00:49:29>> SO YOUR ROLE INVOLVES
00:49:31MONITORING THE SUN IN REAL TIME.
00:49:34CAN YOU TALK A LITTLE BIT ABOUT WHAT YOU DO? >> YES. OF COURSE. SO WHAT WE DO
00:49:37IS WE BASICALLY OBSERVE, MODEL,
00:49:42ANALYZE, AND THEN WE DOCUMENT IT. AND SO WHAT WE'RE OBSERVING IS USUALLY THOSE CORONAL MASS
00:49:46EJECTIONS, OR AS I LOVINGLY LIKE TO CALL THEM, SUN BURPS. AND
00:49:50WE'RE MEASURING THOSE SEEING WHERE THEY GO. AND THEN WE'RE
00:49:53MODELING THEM TO SEE WHAT NASA MISSIONS OR POSSIBLE PLANETS
00:49:57THEY IMPACT. AND THEN FROM THERE, WE'RE DOCUMENTING IT AND NOTIFYING NASA MISSIONS ABOUT
00:50:01POTENTIAL IMPACTS. >> AND SO WE JUST LEARNED A LITTLE BIT ABOUT NASA'S SPACE
00:50:04WEATHER PROGRAM. HOW DOES MONITORING SPACE WEATHER AFFECT
00:50:08THE EVERYDAY PERSON?
00:50:10>> YEAH. SO MOST OF THE TIME, THE EVERYDAY PERSON IS GOING TO
00:50:13SEE IT IN TERMS OF NORTHERN LIGHTS. BUT WHAT WE DO ALSO SEE
00:50:17IS SOME OF THAT IMPACT TO THE GPS AS YOU'RE NAVIGATING.
00:50:20SOMETIMES IT WILL BE A LITTLE WONKY AND YOU DON'T REALLY KNOW WHY, BUT THAT COULD POSSIBLY BE
00:50:23DUE TO SOME SOLAR STORMING
00:50:26HAPPENING. AND THEN WE MAY ALSO
00:50:29SEE SOME IMPACTS TO AGRICULTURAL FOLKS WHO ARE USING TRACTOR PRECISION FARMING.
00:50:33>> AND SO, BACK IN 2024, WE SAW
00:50:37THESE HUGE SOLAR STORMS. CAN YOU TELL US HOW THAT STORM AFFECTED
00:50:40EARTH? AND IF WE HAD TO MITIGATE ANY OF THESE EFFECTS?
00:50:42>> YES. SO ALONG WITH NOAA'S
00:50:44SPACE WEATHER PREDICTION CENTER, WE DID HAVE TO DO SOME MITIGATION. BUT HONESTLY, MY
00:50:48FAVORITE PART WAS SEEING THE NORTHERN LIGHTS. AND SO 2024 IS
00:50:51WHEN I FIRST GOT TO SEE THE
00:50:54NORTHERN LIGHTS. I SAW THEM IN AUGUST. AND THEN YOU'RE SEEING A PICTURE THAT I TOOK ON MY
00:50:57PHONE, UM, WHERE WE SAW THEM HERE IN MARYLAND, WHICH WAS
00:51:00ABSOLUTELY INCREDIBLE. AND YOU CAN SEE A PICTURE OF THE TEAM
00:51:03THAT I WORK WITH, THE MOON TO MARS SPACE WEATHER ANALYSIS OFFICE, ALONG WITH SOME OF THE
00:51:07HELIO COMMS FOLKS, WHERE WE GOT TO SEE IT DOWN HERE IN MARYLAND,
00:51:11WHICH IS ABSOLUTELY INCREDIBLE,
00:51:14AMAZING. >> AND SO I KNOW THAT YOU'RE ALSO PART OF THE TEAM THAT MONITORED SPACE WEATHER 24
00:51:18SEVENTHS DURING THE ARTEMIS II MISSION, WHEN WE FLEW ASTRONAUTS
00:51:21AROUND THE MOON. WHAT WAS THAT
00:51:24EXPERIENCE LIKE?
00:51:27>> SURREAL. I MEAN, IT'S VERY
00:51:31ODD TO BE STARING AT THE SUN VIA
00:51:36SATELLITE IMAGERY, BUT NOT SEE IT IN PERSON FOR AN EXTENDED
00:51:40PERIOD OF TIME. UH, BECAUSE I WAS WORKING THE OVERNIGHTS. BUT IT WAS INCREDIBLE. AND I LOVED
00:51:44SEEING THE SOLAR ECLIPSE FROM SPACE. I THINK IF I WERE TO DO IT, I'D WANT TO BE ONE OF THOSE ASTRONAUTS. >> ABSOLUTELY. WELL, THANK YOU
00:51:47SO MUCH FOR JOINING US. KARINA.
00:51:49>> THANK YOU.
00:51:54>> SO NEXT, LET'S HEAR FROM NASA ADMINISTRATOR JARED ISAACMAN AND HEAD OF NASA
00:51:56SCIENCE, NICKY FOX. MY COLLEAGUE
00:52:00JASMINE HOPKINS CAUGHT UP WITH THEM A FEW DAYS AGO TO TALK ABOUT WHY THIS CELESTIAL EVENT
00:52:03IS SO IMPORTANT AND WHAT THE
00:52:042026 ECLIPSE CAN TEACH US ABOUT
00:52:09THE SUN. >> TODAY, I'M THRILLED TO TALK ALL THINGS ECLIPSE WITH NASA
00:52:12ADMINISTRATOR JARED ISAACMAN,
00:52:13WHO IS LEADING OUR VISION BEHIND
00:52:17SCIENCE AND WHY ECLIPSES ARE SO IMPORTANT. AND DR. NICKY FOX, FROM OUR SCIENCE MISSION
00:52:21DIRECTORATE, WHO WILL TELL US WHAT EXACTLY IS GOING ON WITH THE SUN DURING AN ECLIPSE? ARE
00:52:24YOU GUYS READY TO TALK? ABSOLUTELY. OKAY, FANTASTIC. OUR
00:52:28OPENING QUESTION IS FOR BOTH OF YOU. JUST A COUPLE MONTHS AGO,
00:52:32WE WRAPPED UP THE HISTORIC ARTEMIS II MISSION, AND NOW
00:52:35WE'RE ON THE CUSP OF A TOTAL
00:52:36SOLAR ECLIPSE. CAN YOU DESCRIBE,
00:52:39IN ONE WORD, HOW YOU'RE FEELING
00:52:41RIGHT NOW? EXCITED. >> HE TOOK MY WORD. OH, EXCITED
00:52:45IS THE RIGHT WORD. BECAUSE WHEN
00:52:48YOU SAW THAT TOTAL SOLAR ECLIPSE
00:52:50FROM ARTEMIS II, IT WAS SO
00:52:53SPECTACULAR AND NOBODY WAS READY FOR IT. EVEN PEOPLE WHO SEE
00:52:55TOTAL SOLAR ECLIPSES ALL THE TIME. AND SO WHEN YOU SAW THAT,
00:52:59IT JUST BROUGHT THE BEAUTY OF
00:53:02SPACE AND THE BEAUTY OF THE SCIENCE WE DO INTO SUCH CLARITY.
00:53:05>> I THINK MATH IS ONE OF THE ONLY PLACES WHERE WE CAN SEE A
00:53:08SOLAR ECLIPSE FROM DOWN HERE ON EARTH, AND THEN FROM THE OTHER
00:53:12SIDE OF THE MOON. >> WE STUDY THE SUN ALL THE TIME. IT'S ONE OF OUR MAIN
00:53:14THINGS THAT WE STUDY IN NASA SCIENCE. WE LOOK AT IT IN ALL
00:53:18DIFFERENT WAVELENGTHS. WE LOOK AT IT FROM ALL DIFFERENT VANTAGE POINTS TO BE ABLE TO PREDICT
00:53:22WHEN THESE REALLY LARGE RADIATION STORMS ARE GOING TO
00:53:24COME TOWARDS OUR PLANET, BECAUSE WE WANT TO MAKE SURE OUR
00:53:27ASTRONAUTS ARE SAFE. THE ECLIPSE
00:53:29JUST GIVES US EVEN MORE OPPORTUNITY TO STUDY THAT SUN
00:53:33JUST A LITTLE BIT MORE, TO REALLY MAKE THOSE BIG
00:53:36BREAKTHROUGHS, TO KEEP OUR ASTRONAUTS SAFE.
00:53:38>> ALL RIGHT. NEXT IS FOR BOTH OF YOU. IF YOU COULD WITNESS A
00:53:41SOLAR ECLIPSE FROM ANYWHERE ON
00:53:44EARTH, WHERE WOULD YOU CHOOSE?
00:53:48>> ANYWHERE THAT DOESN'T HAVE CLOUDS. HAVING BEEN CLOUDED OUT FOR THE LAST ECLIPSE, I WILL SAY I WILL GO
00:53:52>> [MUSIC] >> ANYWHERE THAT THERE'S NO CLOUDS. >> LOOK, ICELAND IS VERY COOL IN
00:53:54SPAIN. A LOT OF THE OBSERVATION
00:53:57LOCATIONS FOR THIS ONE, BUT IN EGYPT, IN THE VALLEY OF THE
00:54:01KINGS, IS GOING TO BE AN AMAZING BACKDROP.
00:54:04>> AND THAT IS GOING TO BE THE LONGEST TOTAL SOLAR ECLIPSE OF
00:54:08THE 21st CENTURY. IT IS OVER SIX MINUTES. >> [MUSIC]
00:54:10>> TO STAND IN SOMEWHERE ANCIENT
00:54:13IS PARTICULARLY MOVING. >> WHAT'S THE ONE THING YOU
00:54:17WANT PEOPLE TO WALK AWAY UNDERSTANDING ABOUT? WHY
00:54:20STUDYING ECLIPSES MATTERS? >> I THINK THESE KIND OF MAGICAL
00:54:23EVENTS I WOULD VERY MUCH
00:54:27DESCRIBE THAT ECLIPSES AS A MAGICAL EVENT MAYBE CREATES A SPARK. AND WHO KNOWS HOW MANY
00:54:31PEOPLE AROUND THE WORLD LOOK UP AND IMAGINE WHAT'S POSSIBLE, AND
00:54:34THEN GROW UP AND START CONTRIBUTING IN THIS GREAT
00:54:37ADVENTURE THAT WE'RE ON.
00:54:40>> REMEMBER THAT EINSTEIN CONFIRMED HIS THEORY OF
00:54:43>> [MUSIC] >> RELATIVITY USING AN ECLIPSE
00:54:47>> [MUSIC]
00:54:49>> ECLIPSES ARE VERY POWERFUL. YOU SEE STARS, YOU SEE CONSTELLATIONS, YOU SEE PLANETS
00:54:54THAT YOU DON'T NORMALLY SEE. IT KIND OF REMINDS YOU OF OUR PLACE
00:54:57IN THE UNIVERSE. >> WHY DO WE STILL CARE SO MUCH
00:54:59ABOUT THE SUN? WHAT? IS THERE
00:55:01ANYTHING NEW WE CAN LEARN ABOUT IT?
00:55:03>> THERE'S ALWAYS NEW STUFF TO
00:55:07LEARN ABOUT THE SUN. IT IS OUR STAR, BUT IT'S THE ONLY STAR WE KNOW RIGHT NOW THAT HAS THE RESPONSIBILITY FOR MAINTAINING
00:55:11LIFE ON A PLANET. AND AS WE SORT OF CONTINUE TO TRY AND ANSWER
00:55:13THE QUESTION OF, ARE WE ALONE IN
00:55:17THE UNIVERSE, UNDERSTANDING OUR RELATIONSHIP WITH OUR SUN IS SO
00:55:21IMPORTANT, AND ECLIPSES GIVE US
00:55:22THAT OPPORTUNITY TO DO THAT. IT
00:55:30IS HONESTLY THE ONLY TIME THAT WE CAN REALLY OBSERVE SOME OF
00:55:32THE PHENOMENA.
00:55:45OUR PRIME THING, KEEPING OUR ASTRONAUTS SAFE IN SPACE. SO
00:55:48UNDERSTANDING OUR SUN IS, IS MORE CRITICAL TODAY THAN EVER. >> THANK YOU BOTH SO MUCH FOR
00:55:52BEING HERE TODAY. REALLY APPRECIATE IT.
00:55:53>> THANK YOU
00:56:06THE SUN. SO WHEN WE GET THESE BIG EVENTS, THEY CAN CAUSE HAVOC
00:56:09FOR TECHNOLOGY HERE. AND OF COURSE, OUR PRIME THING, KEEPING OUR ASTRONAUTS SAFE IN SPACE. SO UNDERSTANDING OUR SUN IS, IS
00:56:13MORE CRITICAL TODAY THAN EVER. >> THANK YOU BOTH SO MUCH FOR BEING HERE TODAY. REALLY
00:56:16APPRECIATE IT. >> THANK YOU. >> THANK YOU TO OUR NASA ADMINISTRATOR, JARED ISAACMAN, AND HEAD OF NASA SCIENCE, NIKKI FOX. LET'S HEAD BACK TO ERNIE
00:56:20RIGHT NOW, WHO IS GOING TO DIVE INTO OUR ECLIPSE MAPS AND WHERE THE ECLIPSE IS HEADING NEXT. >> THANKS, TROY. IT'S SO EXCITING FOR ME TO WATCH THIS
00:56:24ECLIPSE PROGRESS. I MEAN, WE CAN PREDICT THESE, BUT YOU REALLY CAN'T ANTICIPATE HOW YOU FEEL ABOUT THEM UNTIL YOU SEE THEM. SO I'M STANDING IN FRONT OF THE
00:56:28ECLIPSE MAP. AND JUST TO RECAP, THIS RED STRIPE IS THE PATH OF TOTALITY. THOSE ARE ALL THE
00:56:31LOCATIONS THAT CAN EXPERIENCE
00:56:33TOTALITY. YOU'RE SEEING.
00:56:36>> THE PARTIAL SHADOW EMERGED FROM NORTHERN SIBERIA. IT HAS
00:56:40ALREADY CROSSED ALASKA. IT'S OVER. CANADA AND THE NORTHERN
00:56:43UNITED STATES RIGHT NOW. AND
00:56:45THAT LITTLE OVAL IS THE UMBRA, WHERE TOTALITY IS ACTUALLY
00:56:49TAKING PLACE. IT HAS JUST PASSED
00:56:51BY ICELAND. AND ALTHOUGH IT WAS
00:56:53CLOUDY THERE, PEOPLE GOT TO EXPERIENCE THE SECONDARY EFFECTS
00:56:57OF AN ECLIPSE, WHERE YOU GET THE
00:57:00DARKENING AND THE THE BRIGHTNESS
00:57:02ALONG THE HORIZON. AND IT WILL
00:57:04VERY SOON BE OVER NORTHERN SPAIN, WHERE WE EXPECT MORE THAN
00:57:0815 MILLION PEOPLE WILL BE WATCHING THE ECLIPSE. UM, TOWARD
00:57:12THE END OF IT, UH, PARTIAL
00:57:14ECLIPSE IN WESTERN AFRICA. SO
00:57:17THIS IS A CLOSE UP VIEW. UM,
00:57:19REYKJAVIK IS HERE. UM, THEY
00:57:22UNFORTUNATELY HAD CLOUDS, BUT THE WB 57 WAS FLYING JUST ABOVE
00:57:26THAT. AND THEY WERE THERE BECAUSE THAT'S KIND OF THE SPOT THAT IF YOU'RE ON THE CENTER
00:57:29LINE, YOU GET THE LONGEST ECLIPSE OF TWO MINUTES, 18
00:57:31SECONDS TODAY. UM, AND WE'RE
00:57:34JUST A FEW MINUTES AWAY FROM
00:57:38SEEING TOTALITY PASS OVER SPAIN LESS THAN AN HOUR BEFORE SUNSET. UM, THAT SHOULD PRODUCE SOME
00:57:42REALLY BEAUTIFUL PHOTOGRAPHS, ESPECIALLY FOR FOLKS ON THE
00:57:45BEACH WATCHING THIS OVER THE
00:57:47MOUNTAINS TO THE WEST. UM, THIS
00:57:51IS AN UNUSUAL ECLIPSE. IT'S
00:57:53KIND OF WEIRD. AND ONE REASON
00:57:55FOR THAT IS WHERE THE, UM, TOTAL
00:57:59ECLIPSE STARTS. UH, THIS IS THE
00:58:02TAYMYR PENINSULA IN NORTHERN SIBERIA. AND BECAUSE THEY'RE SO
00:58:06FAR NORTH, THAT ECLIPSE STARTS
00:58:07AT MIDNIGHT. UM, THEY ARE WELL
00:58:10ABOVE THE ARCTIC CIRCLE. SO THE
00:58:12SUN IS UP 24 HOURS A DAY. UH,
00:58:16AND THEN THE OTHER KIND OF ODD THING ABOUT IT IS THIS NORTH
00:58:19SOUTH PATH, MOST ECLIPSE PATHS,
00:58:21MOST TOTALITY PATHS ARE WEST TO
00:58:26EAST. BUT THIS ONE, BECAUSE IT'S SO CLOSE TO THE POLE, AND BECAUSE THE ORIENTATION OF THE
00:58:29EARTH, AND THE FACT THAT IT'S A
00:58:32DESCENDING NODE ECLIPSE, IT'S STARTING IN THE NORTH AND GOING
00:58:35TO THE SOUTH, AND THEN SUDDENLY
00:58:38MAKING THIS LEFT TURN INTO SPAIN. SO WE'RE LOOKING FORWARD
00:58:42TO SEEING THAT TOTAL ECLIPSE IN SPAIN, WHERE THE WEATHER LOOKS
00:58:44GREAT. BACK TO YOU, JOY. >> THANK YOU SO MUCH, ANNIE. SO
00:58:48WE'RE ABOUT 15 MINUTES AWAY
00:58:52FROM TOTALITY IN SPAIN. THE VIEW HERE IS FROM LEON, SPAIN. AND I
00:58:55WANT TO SAY THANK YOU AGAIN TO
00:58:57OUR PARTNERS TIME AND DATE. SOUTHERN ILLINOIS UNIVERSITY AND
00:59:01EXPLORATORIUM FOR PROVIDING THESE STUNNING TELESCOPE VIEWS
00:59:04OF THE SOLAR ECLIPSE. THIS IS REALLY, REALLY EXCITING. THEY
00:59:07HAVE 15 MINUTES LEFT UNTIL THE
00:59:09SUN IS COMPLETELY OBSCURED. LUCKILY, EARTH IS NOT THE ONLY
00:59:13PLACE YOU CAN EXPERIENCE A TOTAL
00:59:15SOLAR ECLIPSE. OUR ASTRONAUTS ON
00:59:19THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION HAVE WITNESSED SEVERAL SOLAR ECLIPSES FROM THIS VERY UNIQUE
00:59:22VANTAGE POINT. SO LET'S LEARN MORE FROM MY COLLEAGUE, ABBY
00:59:26INTERRANTE, WHO CAUGHT UP WITH THE ASTRONAUTS ON THE SPACE
00:59:29STATION A FEW DAYS AGO. >> HI, JESSICA AND ANIL. IT IS
00:59:33SO GREAT TO TALK WITH YOU FROM THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION.
00:59:36YOU SEE EARTH AND THE SOLAR SYSTEM FROM A UNIQUE PERSPECTIVE
00:59:40EVERY SINGLE DAY. THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR JOINING THIS LONG DISTANCE CALL TO TALK ABOUT THIS
00:59:44MOMENT. >> WE'RE SO HAPPY TO SHARE THIS WITH YOU.
00:59:48>> WE STUDY THE SUN AND ITS INFLUENCE ON EARTH AND THROUGHOUT THE SOLAR SYSTEM,
00:59:52THROUGH A FIELD CALLED HELIOPHYSICS. WHAT IS THE
00:59:55BENEFIT OF STUDYING THE SIGN FROM UP THERE IN LOW EARTH
00:59:59ORBIT? >> ONE OF THE BIG THINGS IS THAT
01:00:02THERE IS A LOT OF PARTICLES THAT ARE AROUND EARTH, AND THOSE
01:00:05PARTICLES CAN BE AFFECTED BY
01:00:07CORONAL MASS EJECTIONS. AND
01:00:09THOSE EJECTIONS CAN ENERGIZE THE
01:00:14PARTICLES AND AFFECT THINGS THAT ARE IN SPACE. AND THE THINGS THAT WE CARE ABOUT ARE IN SPACE
01:00:17ARE SATELLITES. THOSE SATELLITES
01:00:19GIVE US COMMUNICATION. THEY GIVE
01:00:21US INTERNET. AND SO THERE'S EVEN
01:00:24A FUTURE WHERE WE HAVE DATA CENTERS IN SPACE, AND WE'RE
01:00:28USING THE SUN'S ENERGY TO POWER
01:00:33THINGS LIKE ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND THINGS LIKE THAT. AND SO WE NEED TO
01:00:35UNDERSTAND HOW THAT'S GOING TO BE AFFECTED BY THE SUN.
01:00:39>> IF YOU COULD PICK ANYONE, WHO WOULD YOU WANT TO WATCH AN
01:00:42ECLIPSE WITH? AND WOULD YOU RATHER WATCH IT FROM EARTH OR
01:00:46FROM SPACE? >> THIS ONE, FOR ME, JUST
01:00:49REMINDS ME OF ONE OF MY MENTORS FROM GRADUATE SCHOOL, JERRY
01:00:52COLEMAN, AND HE AND HIS WIFE. THEY ARE ECLIPSE CHASERS, SO I
01:00:55THINK IF I COULD SHARE IT WITH ONE VERY SPECIAL PERSON,
01:00:59SOMEBODY THAT PLAYED SUCH A ROLE IN INSPIRING ME AND HELPING FUEL
01:01:03MY SCIENTIFIC CURIOSITY AND HELPING ME BE A SUCCESSFUL SCIENTIST, IT WOULD BE TO WATCH
01:01:06THAT WITH JERRY, AND IT WOULD BE TO WATCH IT FROM UP HERE,
01:01:09BECAUSE I KNOW HE HAS NEVER SEEN
01:01:10ONE FROM THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE
01:01:16STATION. >> I WAS GOING TO SAY SOMETHING SIMILAR. I WOULD LOVE TO WATCH
01:01:19IT WITH MY KIDS, BECAUSE IT WAS SUCH A UNIQUE EXPERIENCE FOR ME.
01:01:23WHEN IT HAPPENED. THE ANIMALS,
01:01:26THE BIRDS GOT QUIET, IT GOT DARK, IT ALMOST FELT COOLER. AND
01:01:29I THINK THEY WOULD REALLY LOVE IT. >> AND I KNOW YOU JUST ARRIVED.
01:01:33IS THERE ANYTHING THAT YOU'VE SEEN OUT OF THE CUPOLA OR THE WARSH THAT SURPRISED YOU SINCE
01:01:37YOU'VE ARRIVED? >> HERE'S THE MOST SURPRISING
01:01:40THING ON THE LAUNCH. YOU HAVE A
01:01:42CHANCE TO LOOK OUT OF THE WINDOW OF THE SPACECRAFT AS IT'S
01:01:46DOCKING WITH SPACE STATION. AND WHEN I LOOKED OUT THE RIGHT
01:01:49WINDOW, I SAW THIS BRIGHT,
01:01:51SHINING THING. THE. THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION. I
01:01:55KNEW IT SHOULD BE THERE IN SPACE. AND WE WERE TRACKING IT,
01:01:58AND A LOT OF PEOPLE DID ALL THE
01:02:00MATH AND ENGINEERING TO GET US THERE, BUT IT JUST WAS SOMETHING
01:02:03THAT WAS JUST HARD TO COMPREHEND. AT THE SAME TIME.
01:02:06AND UTTERLY BEAUTIFUL. IT'S THIS
01:02:10MERGER BETWEEN ART AND SCIENCE >> THE BEST PART ABOUT THAT
01:02:14MOMENT WAS WE WERE ALL INSIDE THE SPACE STATION VERY ANXIOUSLY
01:02:17AWAITING A NIL, AND PYOTR AND
01:02:22ARRIVAL, AND WE COULD HEAR THE COMMUNICATIONS COMING FROM THE SOYUZ. THE SOYUZ WAS, OF COURSE, TALKING TO THE GROUND. ALL OF A
01:02:25SUDDEN, WE HEARD A VOICE AND HE
01:02:28SAID, I SEE IT. I SEE THE SPACE STATION. IT JUST MADE EVERYBODY
01:02:32SMILE AND MADE EVERYBODY SO HAPPY BECAUSE WE. WE REMEMBERED
01:02:35THAT MOMENT FOR OURSELVES. WHEN YOU SEE IT FOR THE FIRST TIME, AND IT DOESN'T EVEN LOOK REAL,
01:02:38IT LOOKS LIKE A LITTLE COMPUTER ANIMATION OR SOMETHING. AND
01:02:40IT'S SO SMALL. AND THEN IT JUST GETS BIGGER AND BIGGER AND
01:02:44BIGGER, AND THEN SUDDENLY IT BECOMES YOUR NEW HOME.
01:02:46>> THANK YOU SO MUCH. IT HAS JUST BEEN A PLEASURE TO SPEAK
01:02:49WITH YOU BOTH. WE REALLY APPRECIATE YOU TAKING THE TIME. >> THANK YOU. ABBY, IT'S BEEN
01:02:53WONDERFUL SPEAKING WITH EVERYONE TODAY. SO KEEP LOOKING UP AND
01:02:56WE'LL BE WAVING AT YOU.
01:03:00>> [MUSIC] [MUSIC]
01:03:12>> SO AT LAST, REPORT FROM MISSION CONTROL. JESSICA AND NEIL AND THE REST OF THE CREW
01:03:16HAD THEIR ECLIPSE GLASSES ON STANDBY, JUST IN CASE THE SPACE
01:03:19STATION PATH BROUGHT THEM ANY UNEXPECTED VIEWS. SO WE'LL KEEP
01:03:23AN EYE ON AND SEE WHAT THEY. IF
01:03:25THEY SAW ANYTHING. BUT WE DID
01:03:29JUST GET SOMETHING NEW. COME IN. SO A SHORT WHILE AGO IN HODGDON,
01:03:32MAINE, IN THE U.S., ONE OF OUR NASA PHOTOGRAPHERS ACTUALLY
01:03:35CAUGHT THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION FLYING ACROSS THE SUN
01:03:39DURING THE PARTIAL ECLIPSE. LET'S TAKE AN EXCLUSIVE LOOK AT
01:03:43THAT IMAGE WOW. THAT IS AN
01:03:47INCREDIBLE SHOT. SO THIS WAS
01:03:49TAKEN BY JOEL KOWSKY WITH NASA HEADQUARTERS. SO IN THE MIDDLE,
01:03:53YOU CAN SEE A TINY LITTLE SPECK. AND THAT'S THE SPACE STATION
01:03:57THAT FLEW RIGHT IN FRONT OF THE PARTIAL ECLIPSE AT 1:14 P.M.
01:04:01EASTERN TIME. YOU CAN SEE IT
01:04:06ALONG THE MIDDLE HERE, AND THERE ARE SOME CLOUD COVERAGE. YOU CAN SEE THE CLOUDS KIND OF GOING IN
01:04:10FRONT AS WELL. BUT THIS IS A REALLY, REALLY BEAUTIFUL SHOT.
01:04:13THE SPACE STATION WAS TRAVELING
01:04:15AT ABOUT FIVE MILES PER SECOND HERE. SO OUR NASA PHOTOGRAPHER,
01:04:18JOEL, WOULD HAVE HAD ABOUT HALF
01:04:20A SECOND TO CAPTURE THIS EXACT
01:04:23MOMENT. IN JOEL'S PHOTOGRAPHS. YOU CAN ALSO SEE THE SLIVER OF
01:04:26THE MOON AT THE TOP CORNER AS WELL. AND THE MOON WAS COVERING
01:04:29ROUGHLY 20% OF THE SUN, ALTHOUGH
01:04:33JOEL IS A VERY EXPERIENCED PHOTOGRAPHER, ANYONE CAN TAKE
01:04:36PHOTOGRAPHS OF A SOLAR ECLIPSE.
01:04:38SO NEXT, LET'S HEAR A FEW TIPS
01:04:42ON HOW TO PHOTOGRAPH ONE.
01:04:45>> [MUSIC]
01:05:01[MUSIC]
01:06:00>> SOMETIME AFTER THE SHOW. NASA WILL ALSO BE RELEASING EXCLUSIVE
01:06:04ECLIPSE IMAGES FROM SPAIN AS WELL. THIS IS WHERE OUR NASA PHOTOGRAPHER, BILL INGALLS, IS
01:06:07HOPING TO CAPTURE THE ECLIPSE
01:06:10NEAR THE HORIZON. WE'RE ABOUT SEVEN MINUTES AWAY FROM TOTALITY
01:06:14IN LEON, SPAIN, WHICH IS SO, SO
01:06:17EXCITING. THIS IS SOME OF THE CROWDS THERE THAT WE'RE SEEING.
01:06:19YOU CAN SEE THAT THERE, THE THE
01:06:22DARKNESS IS LOOMING. IT'S NOT QUITE TOTALITY THERE YET, BUT
01:06:25THEY ARE ALMOST THERE, WHICH IS
01:06:29AWESOME. SO NOW I'M GOING TO, I'M JOINED HERE BY NASA'S
01:06:33HELIOPHYSICS DIRECTOR, JOE WESTLAKE. JOE, HOW ARE YOU
01:06:36FEELING ABOUT TODAY'S ECLIPSE? >> OH, SUPER EXCITED. SUPER EXCITED TO SEE IT AND TO SHARE
01:06:40OUR SCIENCE, NASA, SCIENCE
01:06:42ACROSS THE WORLD. >> SO IF YOU'RE WATCHING FROM
01:06:46THE GROUND AND YOU DON'T HAVE ECLIPSE GLASSES, THERE ARE
01:06:49ACTUALLY MANY WAYS TO WATCH AN ECLIPSE. THESE ARE THROUGH
01:06:53INDIRECT VIEWING METHODS. SO, JOE, DO YOU WANT TO WALK THROUGH SOME OF THOSE METHODS WITH US? >> YEAH. SO THESE ARE SUPER
01:06:57COOL. THIS IS STUFF THAT YOU'VE GOT AT HOME AND THINGS THAT YOU
01:07:00CAN USE TO HELP YOU VIEW AN ECLIPSE SAFELY WITHOUT YOUR
01:07:03GLASSES. SO HERE WE HAVE JUST A STANDARD COLANDER WRIGHT. WHAT
01:07:06YOU WOULD HAVE IN YOUR KITCHEN, MAYBE CLEAN SOME, YOU KNOW,
01:07:10BERRIES OR WHATNOT WITH IT. AND I'M GOING TO DEMONSTRATE HOW
01:07:13YOU WOULD USE THIS TO LOOK AT, LOOK DIRECTLY AT AN ECLIPSE. OKAY. YOU KNOW, YOU'RE USING THE
01:07:17LIGHT OF THE SUN AS IT WOULD FILTER THROUGH THIS COLANDER.
01:07:20AND LET'S DEMONSTRATE TOGETHER HERE. SO, YEAH, IF YOU COULD HOLD THAT.
01:07:23>> SO DO YOU NEED A PIECE OF PAPER? >> YOU DON'T NEED A PIECE OF PAPER. YOU CAN JUST HAVE IT ON
01:07:27THE GROUND. SOMETHING, SOMETHING LIGHT THAT YOU COULD SEE. OKAY.
01:07:30I'VE GOT A, A FLASHLIGHT THAT'S SORT OF DEMONSTRATING WHAT AN ECLIPSE WOULD LOOK LIKE.
01:07:33IT'S GOT A LITTLE PIECE OF FOAM THERE THAT'LL SHOW. SO LET'S
01:07:36SHINE OUR LIGHT, LET'S DO OUR SUN AND THEN SHOW IT AS IT WOULD
01:07:40HIT THE THIS COLANDER. AND WHAT
01:07:41YOU CAN SEE THERE IS THESE NICE
01:07:45LITTLE CRESCENT MOON SHAPES, WHICH ARE SHOWING THE ECLIPSE ON
01:07:49OUR, ON OUR EXAMPLE PAPER HERE. SO THAT THAT WOULD USUALLY BE A
01:07:52BUNCH OF CIRCLES. LIKE IF YOU TOOK THIS OUT DURING REGULAR
01:07:56DAYLIGHT HERE IN THE U.S., YOU WOULD SEE JUST A LITTLE SLIVER
01:07:59GONE OVER. IN SPAIN, OF COURSE, THEY WOULD SEE THESE BEAUTIFUL
01:08:03LITTLE CRESCENT MOON SHAPES. >> SO YOU DON'T WANT TO BE LOOKING THROUGH THE COLANDER,
01:08:06BUT YOU WANT THE SUN TO BE SHINING THROUGH IT. >> ABSOLUTELY. RIGHT. YOU WANT
01:08:09TO USE THIS AS YOUR LIGHT FILTER
01:08:12FOR YOU. AND THE COOL THING IS, IS YOU CAN USE THIS, BUT YOU
01:08:16DON'T HAVE TO USE THIS. THERE'S LOTS OF OTHER POSSIBILITIES. SO YOU CAN ACTUALLY TAKE YOUR
01:08:20HANDS, RIGHT? LIKE THIS. OKAY. SPREAD YOUR FINGERS OUT, HOLD
01:08:22THEM OVER TOP OF EACH OTHER, AND YOU MAKE LITTLE PINHOLES
01:08:26YOURSELF. WHEN YOU DO THAT. OKAY. AND WHEN YOU DO THAT, YOU
01:08:29CAN ACTUALLY SEE THROUGH AND BE ABLE TO SEE THE ECLIPSE IN THE
01:08:32SAME WAY, RIGHT? SO THAT'S A COOL WAY TO DO IT. AND THEN ON
01:08:35TOP OF THAT, LET'S SAY YOU'RE TAKING A WALK IN THE WOODS. WELL, THE LEAVES OF THE TREES
01:08:39ACTUALLY MAKE THESE KIND OF PINHOLES ALL OVER FOR YOU AS WELL. WHEN THEY DO THAT, YOU GET
01:08:43THIS BEAUTIFUL, YOU KNOW, CONSTANT CRESCENT MOONS AND
01:08:47EVERYTHING EVERYWHERE. ONE OF MY FAVORITE WAYS TO SEE AN ECLIPSE. >> THANK YOU SO MUCH, JOE. AND
01:08:51SO TODAY'S ECLIPSE, AUGUST 12th, ALSO LANDS ON ANOTHER
01:08:55SPECIAL DAY. SO ON THIS DAY IN
01:08:582018, NASA'S PARKER SOLAR PROBE
01:09:00LAUNCHED INTO SPACE TO STUDY THE SUN'S CORONA. UP CLOSE. JOE,
01:09:04CAN YOU TELL US A LITTLE BIT ABOUT THAT MISSION? >> YEAH, WHAT AN INCREDIBLE
01:09:06MISSION. THIS IS HUMANITY'S OPPORTUNITY TO ACTUALLY TOUCH
01:09:10OUR STAR, RIGHT? WE FLEW A MISSION. PARKER SOLAR PROBE. IT'S STILL UP THERE. IT'S STILL
01:09:14OPERATING. IT'S STILL TAKING
01:09:15GREAT SCIENCE, BUT IT'S FLYING WITHIN THE CORONA, WITHIN WHAT
01:09:19YOU SEE IN THE TOTAL SOLAR ECLIPSE, AND TAKING DIRECT
01:09:23MEASUREMENTS OF THAT CORONA TO
01:09:23HELP US UNDERSTAND HOW OUR SUN WORKS.
01:09:27>> AMAZING. SO WE HAVE A LOT OF QUESTIONS COMING IN FROM SOCIAL MEDIA, AND WE HAVE TIME FOR JUST
01:09:31ONE JOE. SO LET'S DIG IN. KYLE
01:09:35ASKS. UH, IT SEEMS TO BE THAT THERE ARE A LOT MORE SOLAR
01:09:38ECLIPSES HAPPENING IN THE PAST FEW YEARS. UM, DID SOMETHING
01:09:42CHANGE? >> YOU KNOW, NOTHING CHANGED. THE GEOMETRY OF THE SUN. THE
01:09:45MOON, THE EARTH IS THE SAME. BUT
01:09:46ONE OF THE COOL THINGS ABOUT OUR TECHNOLOGICAL SOCIETY TODAY IS
01:09:50YOU GET TO SEE MANY MORE OF THESE THINGS, WHETHER IT BE
01:09:53BECAUSE OF SOCIAL MEDIA, BECAUSE OF, YOU KNOW, PEOPLE HAVE ACCESS
01:09:56TO CELL PHONES, OR JUST THE ACCESSIBILITY OF TRAVEL AND
01:10:00BEING ABLE TO GO TO THESE DIFFERENT PLACES. I'M PERSONALLY REALLY GLAD THAT PEOPLE ARE
01:10:04HEARING MORE AND MORE ABOUT ECLIPSES, BECAUSE IT BRINGS THE
01:10:07GREATNESS OF NASA SCIENCE HOME TO ALL OF YOU.
01:10:10>> THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR DOING THIS DEMONSTRATION AND FOR BEING WITH US HERE TODAY.
01:10:13>> THANK YOU SO MUCH, JOY.
01:10:16>> SO NOW LET'S HEAD BACK TO THE ECLIPSE MAP, WHERE WE'RE
01:10:20GOING TO SEE THE ECLIPSE IN REAL TIME. SO, AS YOU CAN SEE IN THE
01:10:23BOTTOM PART OF THIS VIDEO, THE
01:10:28MOON'S SHADOW IS JUST ABOUT TO REACH SPAIN. WE'RE ABOUT THREE
01:10:30MINUTES OUT FROM TOTALITY, HITTING SPAIN. LEON. SPAIN IS
01:10:33GOING TO BE EXPERIENCING
01:10:36TOTALITY, AND IT WILL BE GETTING ABOUT ONE MINUTE. AND ABOUT 44
01:10:39SECONDS OF TOTALITY, WHICH IS
01:10:41SO, SO EXCITING. THE PATH IS GOING TO BE HITTING SEVERAL
01:10:44OTHER TOWNS AS WELL, SUCH AS
01:10:47MAJORCA AND VILLA LA BADO. AND THE VIEW THAT WE'RE SEEING RIGHT
01:10:50NOW IS OF LEON, SPAIN, AND EVEN
01:10:54THOUGH TOTALITY HASN'T OCCURRED YET, YOU CAN SEE A TINY LITTLE,
01:10:57UM, FILAMENT OR PROMINENCE ON
01:11:00THE ONE SIDE. OKAY. SO REMEMBER
01:11:03TO BE SAFE WHEN WATCHING A SOLAR ECLIPSE, YOU HAVE TO BE WEARING
01:11:07SAFE SOLAR VIEWING GLASSES OR USE AN INDIRECT VIEWING METHOD
01:11:09WHEN VIEWING THE WHEN. WHEN THE MOON HASN'T COMPLETELY COVERED
01:11:13THE SUN YET, YOU CAN ONLY LOOK AT A TOTAL SOLAR ECLIPSE DURING
01:11:17TOTALITY, WHEN THE MOON IS
01:11:19COMPLETELY BLOCKING THE SUN. SO
01:11:21BACK IN THE STUDIO, WE HAVE KELLY WITH US AGAIN. KELLY, WHAT
01:11:25IS IT THAT MAKES THIS ECLIPSE IN
01:11:28EUROPE SO, SO SPECIAL? >> IT REALLY IS SO SPECIAL BECAUSE, AGAIN, THIS IS ALMOST
01:11:32AT SUNSET. SO WE'RE EXPERIENCING SOMETHING THAT'S A
01:11:34LITTLE BIT DIFFERENT, HAVING IT SO LOW IN THE HORIZON. AND LOOK
01:11:37AT THOSE IMAGES THERE. YOU'RE SEEING THAT DARKNESS ALREADY
01:11:40COMING IN, THOSE KIND OF SEPIA TONES INSTEAD OF THE, THE NORMAL
01:11:44BRIGHT LIGHT, OR EVEN THE NORMAL
01:11:45TYPES OF SUNSETS. >> WOW. SO WE ARE TWO MINUTES
01:11:49AWAY FROM TOTALITY IN SPAIN. YOU
01:11:52CAN SEE THE CROWDS IN THE BOTTOM CORNER THERE. AND THIS IS THE
01:11:56SUN'S VIEW. OH MY GOODNESS. SO TWO MINUTES UNTIL TOTALITY. AND
01:11:59WE HAVE A SLIVER OF THE SUN
01:12:01LEFT. THIS IS JUST AMAZING. >> YES. IT'S SO BEAUTIFUL. AND
01:12:05LIKE YOU WERE SAYING THERE IS THAT, UH, PROMINENCE THERE THAT
01:12:09WE ALREADY SEE. SO THESE ARE THINGS THAT ARE VERY INTERESTING
01:12:11AND AGAIN, CAN ERUPT IN THE SPACE WEATHER THAT WE WERE
01:12:15TALKING ABOUT EARLIER. SO THIS IS A GREAT VIEW. AND EVEN WITH THIS, YOU KNOW, IT'S NOT
01:12:19COMPLETE DARKNESS. THAT LITTLE BIT OF SUN STILL LIGHTS, LIGHTS
01:12:21IT UP SO THAT WE CAN SEE THE CROWD.
01:12:24>> WOW. SO WE'RE ABOUT A MINUTE AND A HALF AWAY. WHAT SHOULD
01:12:26PEOPLE EXPECT TO SEE MOMENTS BEFORE TOTALITY HITS?
01:12:29>> SO WHAT THEY SHOULD SEE IS
01:12:31WHAT WE CALL THE DIAMOND RING EFFECT, OR THE BAILY'S BEADS. SO
01:12:34THESE WILL BE REALLY BRIGHT LIGHTS. AND IT'S FROM THE LAST
01:12:37BITS OF SUNSET SUN COMING
01:12:40THROUGH THE MOON'S VALLEYS. SO THAT WILL COME THROUGH, AND
01:12:43WE'LL SEE THAT. AND YOU STILL NEED YOUR ECLIPSE GLASSES OR AN INDIRECT VIEWING METHOD AT THAT
01:12:47POINT IN TIME. BUT THEN ONCE THAT'S DONE AND YOU'RE IN THE
01:12:50PATH OF TOTALITY, IT'S TIME TO REMOVE THOSE GLASSES AND SEE THE
01:12:54CORONA WITH YOUR OWN EYES. >> WOW. AND IF YOU'RE ON THE
01:12:56GROUND, WHAT OTHER SENSATIONS WILL YOU BE FEELING? >> UM, IT WILL DEFINITELY BE
01:13:00GETTING COLDER. THERE MIGHT BE A
01:13:01WIND. UM, YOU CAN AGAIN CHANGE
01:13:05AN ANIMAL BEHAVIOR. ANY WILDLIFE
01:13:08THAT'S AROUND YOU. UM, AND
01:13:09REALLY THE SENSE OF AWE AS WELL
01:13:13AS THE 360 DEGREE SUNSET ALL AROUND THE HORIZON. SO JUST A
01:13:16FEW THINGS TO LOOK FOR. >> WOW, THIS IS A STUNNING,
01:13:20STUNNING VIEW. WE HAVE JUST A
01:13:22SLIVER LEFT. AND THIS IS THE
01:13:24MOON COVERING THE SUN'S DISK.
01:13:27AND WHEN TOTALITY OCCURS, THAT
01:13:32SLIVER WILL DISAPPEAR. WE'RE ABOUT 30s AWAY NOW FROM TOTALITY IN SPAIN, IF YOU'RE ON THE GROUND AND YOU HAVE CLEAR SKIES,
01:13:35WE ARE SO, SO HAPPY FOR YOU.
01:13:37YES. >> DEFINITELY. IT'S IT'S JUST
01:13:41BEAUTIFUL. AND AGAIN, PROBABLY FEELING SO MUCH EXCITEMENT. AND SOMETIMES YOU EVEN FEEL A LITTLE
01:13:45FEAR, LIKE I THINK WAS MENTIONED EARLIER. THEY FELT IT WAS EERIE,
01:13:48ALMOST. IT'S AN EERIE LIGHT. IT'S NOT SOMETHING THAT WE'RE USED TO. UM, IN A HUMAN
01:13:52EXPERIENCE, BUT HERE IT GOES. IT'S, IT'S, WE'RE GETTING CLOSE
01:13:55TO THOSE BAILY'S BEADS AND THE DIAMOND RING EFFECT. UM, SO
01:13:58THOSE SHOULD BE COMING VERY SHORTLY.
01:14:01>> WOW. ALL RIGHT. TOTALITY IS
01:14:04ALMOST THERE. THE SLIVER IS
01:14:07ABOUT TO DISAPPEAR. OKAY. >> THE LITTLE DIAMOND RING.
01:14:11>> WOW. >> YEAH. >> ALL TOTALITY HAS HIT SPAIN.
01:14:14OH MY GOODNESS. LOVELY VIEW. WHAT IS WHAT IS THE RED MARK
01:14:17THAT WE'RE SEEING ON THE IMAGE RIGHT NOW OF THE SUN.
01:14:19>> SO THE RED MARK IS THAT FILAMENT. SO IT'S A BUNCH OF
01:14:23VERY HOT MATERIAL THAT HAS BEEN
01:14:24UM, HANGING ABOVE THE SUN AND
01:14:27JUST KIND OF HANGING OUT THERE BASED ON THE MAGNETIC FIELDS OF
01:14:30THE SUN THAT, THAT KEEPS IT KIND OF IN A LITTLE MAGNETIC CAGE.
01:14:33OH, LOOK AT THAT. THAT'S A REALLY NICE VIEW OF THE CORONA.
01:14:37YOU'RE SEEING THINGS THAT LOOK LIKE STREAKS COMING OUT OF THIS.
01:14:41AND THOSE ARE STREAMERS. SO THAT'S THE BASIS OF THE SOLAR
01:14:43WIND THAT WE ARE BATHED IN
01:14:45CONSTANTLY. THE SUN IS
01:14:49CONSTANTLY OUTFLOWING. UM, MATERIAL. AND SO THOSE ARE, THAT'S THE CONSTANT STREAM. AND
01:14:52THEN YOU SEE THE, WHAT COULD BECOME A BIG CHUNK AT SOME POINT
01:14:54IN TIME IN THE PINK FILAMENTS THAT YOU SEE THERE. >> WOW. SO WE SEE THAT COMING
01:14:58OFF OF THE SUN. SO THIS IS THE ATMOSPHERE OF THE SUN, THE
01:15:01SUN'S CORONA ARE THOSE STREAKS THAT YOU JUST MENTIONED. ARE
01:15:05THEY COMING TOWARDS EARTH AS WELL? >> THEY ARE COMING TOWARDS
01:15:07EARTH. SO THEY, THEY FILL THE
01:15:11ENTIRE SOLAR SYSTEM OR THE HELIOSPHERE, WHICH IS ACTUALLY
01:15:13ALL THAT THE SUN ENCOMPASSES
01:15:16WITH THAT SOLAR WIND. SO IT'S THE ENTIRE SOLAR SYSTEM. SO IT
01:15:19DEFINITELY HITS US HERE ON EARTH. AND THIS IS ABSOLUTELY BEAUTIFUL. AGAIN, SEEING A
01:15:23PROMINENCE ALSO ON BOTH SIDES, REALLY, AND MAYBE EVEN ONE UP ON
01:15:26THE OTHER CORNER. YEAH. SO THERE'S LOTS OF, EVEN THOUGH
01:15:30THE SUN IS SUPPOSED TO BE TOWARDS A MINIMUM OF ACTIVITY, WHICH MEANS YOU SHOULD SEE LESS OF THIS, WE'RE SEEING MORE OF
01:15:34IT. AND THIS IS ONE OF THE IMPORTANT REASONS WHY TO KEEP STUDYING THESE ECLIPSES IS TO
01:15:37SEE WHAT IS ACTUALLY HAPPENING ON OUR SUN. WHEN WE THINK, WHEN WE THINK WE KNOW WHAT'S GOING
01:15:41ON, IT SEEMS TO CHANGE IT UP A LITTLE. >> AND WHAT IS IT ABOUT THESE
01:15:44FEATURES THAT ARE SO IMPORTANT TO STUDY? >> IT'S IMPORTANT TO STUDY WHAT
01:15:48THEY'RE MADE OUT OF. OH, AND NOW WE'RE BACK TO THE DIAMOND RING. SO WE'RE, WE'RE COMING
01:15:51BACK OUT OF IT ALREADY. IT WAS
01:15:54ALWAYS, OH, YES, IT'S ALREADY, IT HAPPENS SO QUICKLY. AND ONCE
01:15:57YOU SEE ONE, YOU. YOU DEFINITELY WANT TO GO BACK AND SEE SOME
01:16:00MORE. UM. >> SO TOTALITY HAS ENDED IN
01:16:03VILLA LA BADO, SPAIN. WOW. SO YOU'RE TELLING ME THAT WE ALSO
01:16:07SEE THE DIAMOND RING AND BAILY'S BEADS AT THE END OF THE ECLIPSE AS WELL?
01:16:10>> YES, EXACTLY. WHERE YOU'RE GOING INTO OR OUT OF? OUT OF THE
01:16:14ECLIPSES. >> OKAY, SO, AND THIS IS A VIEW
01:16:17FROM VALENCIA IN SPAIN AS WELL. THEY ARE SEEING AN ECLIPSE RIGHT NOW. ECLIPSE IS HAPPENING IN
01:16:21SPAIN. AH, ABOUT A MINUTE, A
01:16:24MINUTE APART FROM ONE ANOTHER IN THESE TELESCOPE VIEWS. SO
01:16:27THEY'RE SEEING TOTALITY, ARE THEY? SO THE RED MARK THAT WE'RE SEEING RIGHT NOW IS THAT ANOTHER
01:16:31PROMINENCE. >> YES. THOSE ARE PROMINENCES,
01:16:33THAT MATERIAL. THAT IS THAT IS SUSPENDED ABOVE THE SUN. THAT'S
01:16:37VERY, VERY HOT. AGAIN, IT'S INTERESTING. IT'S INTERESTING TO US TO KNOW WHAT THEY'RE MADE OUT
01:16:41OF. THERE'S NORMALLY FILTERS LIKE HERE AND ON THE AIRPLANES
01:16:45AS WELL TO TELL US ABOUT WHETHER THAT'S SOME IRON OR WHETHER
01:16:49THAT'S CARBON OR OXYGEN OR WHAT
01:16:51EXACTLY IS THOSE PINK? THOSE PINK, UH, ELEMENTS.
01:16:55>> WOW. AND YOU CAN SEE THE MOON IS MOVING AWAY FROM THE SUN
01:16:58RIGHT NOW. WHAT IS IT THAT WE'RE WATCHING? >> YEAH, IT IS BEADS. AND SO
01:17:01THESE ARE THE BEADS. AND SO NOW WE'RE, WE'RE ACTUALLY GOING OUT
01:17:04OF TOTALITY AGAIN. >> SO WOW, WHAT A BRIEF MOMENT
01:17:07OF TOTALITY. THIS IS JUST
01:17:10AMAZING. THEY HAVE HAD CLEAR SKIES. AND THIS IS EXACTLY WHAT
01:17:13YOU WANT FOR A TOTAL SOLAR
01:17:16ECLIPSE. WOW. THIS IS MALLORCA
01:17:18IN SPAIN. OH MY GOODNESS. THIS IS STUNNING. >> WOW.
01:17:22>> YEAH. LOOK AT THAT CORONA.
01:17:24THAT WHY WHY IS IT SO MUCH CLEARER? WHY IS IT CORONA SO
01:17:28MUCH CLEARER DURING A TOTAL ECLIPSE?
01:17:30>> YES. YEAH. SO IT'S SO MUCH CLEARER BECAUSE YOU'RE, YOU'RE,
01:17:34UH, TAKING AWAY ALL THE BRIGHT LIGHT FROM THE FACE OF THE SUN.
01:17:36THE SUN IS VERY, VERY BRIGHT. SO IT'S BASICALLY A MILLION TIMES
01:17:40DIFFERENT. AND WHEN YOU BLOT OUT THAT MIDDLE, YOU CAN SEE ALL THE
01:17:42BEAUTIFUL THINGS THAT ARE GOING
01:17:45ON BEHIND IT. AND SO, YEAH, SO
01:17:48THIS IS THE BEAUTIFUL CRESCENT MOON THAT YOU'RE SEEING. I
01:17:51THINK PREVIOUSLY WE WERE SEEING
01:17:53THOSE, THOSE STREAKS OF LIGHT. THAT'S ALSO CLOSER TO SUNSET
01:17:57THERE. AS YOU GO MORE SOUTH IN
01:18:00SPAIN. AND ALREADY THE LIGHTS RETURNING, AND THEY SEEM TO BE
01:18:02VERY EXCITED IN THE CROWD THERE.
01:18:06IT'S SUCH A GREAT FEELING TO EXPERIENCE THOSE ECLIPSES, EVEN
01:18:08THOUGH THEY WERE SO SHORT.
01:18:11>> WOW. AND EXPERIENCING A TOTAL SOLAR ECLIPSE THAT IS COMPLETELY DIFFERENT TO A PARTIAL ECLIPSE.
01:18:14>> IT REALLY IS. AND IT TOOK ME, EVEN AS A WHOLE, HELIOPHYSICIST.
01:18:18IT TOOK ME A WHILE FOR THEM TO CONVINCE ME THAT I SHOULD DO IT.
01:18:20AND ONCE I SAW MY FIRST IN 2017,
01:18:22I'VE SEEN MULTIPLE SINCE. BECAUSE IT IS A FULL BODY
01:18:26EXPERIENCE, IT IS VERY DIFFERENT
01:18:27THAN SEEING JUST ONE BITE OUT OF THE MOON. THE. THE WHOLE BODY
01:18:31EXPERIENCE, AND JUST THE JOY AND AWE AND KIND OF YOUR PLACE IN
01:18:34THE WORLD IS SO IMPORTANT TO EXPERIENCE.
01:18:37>> ABSOLUTELY. I'M FOR SURE. NOW, AN ECLIPSE CHASER. WELL,
01:18:40THAT WAS AN INCREDIBLE SOLAR
01:18:43ECLIPSE. WHAT A VIEW. I AM
01:18:45THRILLED THAT THEIR SKIES WERE COMPLETELY CLEAR, WHICH MEANS
01:18:48THAT WE COULD SEE THE SUN'S CORONA SO, SO CLEARLY, AND WE
01:18:51COULD EVEN SEE MULTIPLE PROMINENCES AS WELL FROM THE
01:18:54SUN, WHICH IS A BEAUTIFUL SIGHT
01:18:56DURING AN ECLIPSE. SO IN A FEW
01:18:58MINUTES, WE'RE GOING TO BE
01:19:00SPEAKING WITH A NASA ASTRONAUT
01:19:03LIVE FROM WHERE THEY SAW A TOTAL
01:19:05ECLIPSE. BUT FIRST, LET'S GO
01:19:08BACK TO THE POLL THAT WE POSED
01:19:09TO YOU EARLIER ON IN THE SHOW. UM, SO, KELLY, I KNOW THAT YOU
01:19:13HAD ANSWERED SOME OF THESE QUESTIONS AS WELL. SO LET'S TAKE
01:19:15A LOOK AT WHAT OUR VIEWERS
01:19:22THOUGHT ABOUT THOSE QUESTIONS.
01:19:23OKAY. SO LET'S HEAD TO ONE OF
01:19:28THE POLL QUESTIONS. BUT WHILE WE'RE KIND OF LIKE WAITING TO
01:19:30GET THAT SET UP, LET'S CONTINUE
01:19:32LOOKING AT THIS BEAUTIFUL
01:19:35PARTIAL ECLIPSE NOW IN MALLORCA, SPAIN.
01:19:38>> THAT'S JUST GORGEOUS. THAT
01:19:42IS JUST ABSOLUTELY GORGEOUS. IN TERMS OF THAT, THAT VERY LITTLE
01:19:46SLIVER. AGAIN, THIS IS TOWARDS
01:19:48SUNSET. SO NORMALLY IF YOU'RE LOOKING AT A SUNSET, ESPECIALLY
01:19:52OVER WATER, YOU'RE SEEING THAT KIND OF ORANGE BALL, RED BALL GO
01:19:55DOWN. AND THEN YOU HAVE THIS BEAUTIFUL ECLIPSE TO HAPPEN.
01:19:57THESE REALLY ARE JUST GOING TO BE SPECTACULAR IMAGES.
01:20:01>> YES, ABSOLUTELY. OKAY, SO LET'S HEAD BACK TO THE POLL
01:20:05ANSWERS OUR VIEWERS. SO THE FIRST QUESTION WAS, WHERE WOULD
01:20:08YOU RATHER WATCH AN ECLIPSE FROM? YOU SAID THE INTERNATIONAL
01:20:11SPACE STATION. AND OUR VIEWERS WOULD AGREE, YES.
01:20:15>> IT WILL BE A PARTY IN THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION. >> I ALSO WANTED TO BE THERE
01:20:18TOO. SO WE'RE ALL GOING TO BE UP THERE. THE SECOND QUESTION ON
01:20:22THE POLL FOR EVERYONE WATCHING WAS, WHAT WOULD BE YOUR IDEAL
01:20:25ECLIPSE WATCHING SOUNDTRACK? AND
01:20:28THE OPTIONS WERE COSMIC, LO-FI BEATS, DRAMATIC SPACE, OPERA,
01:20:32MUSIC, CHILL, ACOUSTIC
01:20:35SKYWATCHING VIBES, OR JUST THE SOUNDS OF NATURE AND THE CROWDS.
01:20:38AND THE WINNER WAS COSMIC LO-FI BEATS.
01:20:42>> OH. ALL RIGHT. YEAH, THAT'S A, THAT'S A GOOD, GOOD SOUNDTRACK. I COULD SEE THAT.
01:20:45>> YEAH, YEAH. I VOTED FOR OPERA MUSIC. >> BUT YEAH, AND I MIGHT BE A
01:20:49LITTLE BIT MORE SOUNDS OF NATURE, BUT, YOU KNOW, THAT'S JUST ME.
01:20:52>> OKAY. WELL, ANYWAY, THANK YOU
01:20:55SO MUCH. SO ALTHOUGH TOTALITY IS
01:20:58OVER, THE PARTIAL ECLIPSE WILL STILL BE VISIBLE FOR THE NEXT
01:21:01HOUR OR SO. REMEMBER TO STAY SAFE WHILE WATCHING THE REST OF
01:21:04THE PARTIAL ECLIPSE BY WEARING ECLIPSE GLASSES, OR BY USING AN
01:21:08INDIRECT VIEWING METHOD. SO, IF YOU WANT TO LEARN MORE ABOUT
01:21:11ECLIPSE SAFETY, GO TO
01:21:15SCIENCE.NASA.GOV/ECLIPSES. OKAY, SO NEXT WE HAVE A VERY SPECIAL
01:21:19GUEST CALLING INTO THE SHOW
01:21:22LIVE. NASA ASTRONAUT DON PETTIT JUST WITNESSED THE TOTAL SOLAR
01:21:25ECLIPSE FROM ALICANTE, SPAIN.
01:21:28DON, CAN YOU HEAR ME? HOW ARE YOU DOING? >> I CAN HEAR YOU LOUD AND
01:21:32CLEAR, AND I'M STANDING OUT IN
01:21:36ALCANIZ, SPAIN. UH, JUST IN AWE
01:21:39FROM LOOKING AT THE TOTALITY
01:21:42PHASE OF THIS ECLIPSE. >> WOW. SO, HOW ARE YOU FEELING?
01:21:43I KNOW YOU JUST FINISHED WATCHING THE ECLIPSE. HOW ARE
01:21:47YOU FEELING RIGHT NOW? WHAT DID YOU EXPERIENCE ON THE GROUND AND
01:21:49WHAT DID YOU HEAR? WERE YOU
01:21:52SURROUNDED BY CROWDS AT ALL?
01:21:55>> UM, THERE THE SKY IS, UH,
01:21:58EXCEPTIONALLY CLEAR, AND THERE'S HUNDREDS OF PEOPLE
01:22:01HERE, AND THAT'S PART OF THE ECLIPSE. IT'S NOT BEING OFF BY
01:22:05YOURSELF. IT'S BEING WITH A
01:22:06GROUP OF PEOPLE. UH, THE, THE
01:22:10PEOPLE THAT LIVE IN ALCANIZ, THE
01:22:12GROUP OF PEOPLE THAT I'M HERE
01:22:14WITH AND EXPERIENCING THIS
01:22:19AMAZING CELESTIAL EVENT ALL TOGETHER >> AMAZING. SO PEOPLE MIGHT KNOW
01:22:22YOU FOR YOUR INCREDIBLE PHOTOS
01:22:25AND VIDEOS FROM YOUR MULTIPLE TRIPS TO THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE
01:22:29STATION. DID YOU TAKE ANY PHOTOS DURING THIS ECLIPSE, OR DID YOU
01:22:32PUT YOUR CAMERA DOWN FOR THIS ONE?
01:22:34>> OH, NO. WHAT? WHAT I DO IS THE SAME THING FOR LAUNCHES. YOU
01:22:38SET A CAMERA UP ON AUTOMATIC,
01:22:41AND YOU GET WHATEVER YOU GET FROM THE CAMERA, AND THEN YOU
01:22:44STAND BACK AND YOU WATCH THE LAUNCH, OR YOU WATCH THE TOTAL
01:22:48ECLIPSE. THEY'RE BOTH KIND OF IN THE SAME CATEGORY. AND THAT
01:22:51THEY, THEY ONLY LAST A COUPLE
01:22:54MINUTES IN TERMS OF WHAT YOU
01:22:57COULD SEE. AND IT'S BETTER TO
01:22:59VIEW THEM THROUGH YOUR OWN TWO EYES THAN THROUGH THE VIEWFINDER
01:23:03ON A CAMERA. >> OKAY, GOOD TIP FROM A NASA
01:23:07ASTRONAUT. SO HOW DID THE
01:23:09EXPERIENCE WATCHING THIS FROM THE GROUND COMPARE TO WATCHING AN ECLIPSE FROM SPACE, WHICH I
01:23:13KNOW YOU'VE DONE A FEW TIMES
01:23:15>> UH, I'VE HAD THE OPPORTUNITY
01:23:18TO SEE TWO, UH, SOLAR ECLIPSES
01:23:20FROM SPACE AND IN SPACE. YOU
01:23:24LOOK AT THE SHADOW PROJECTED ON
01:23:26EARTH, YOU DON'T LOOK AT THE SUN
01:23:31ITSELF, AND THE SHADOW HAS ALL THE DETAIL THAT THE CLASSIC
01:23:35ASTRONOMERS FROM HUNDREDS OF YEARS AGO PREDICTED. YOU SEE THE
01:23:38UMBRA, YOU SEE THE PENUMBRA, YOU SEE THE SHADOW MOVING OVER
01:23:42EARTH. AND IT'S A VANTAGE POINT
01:23:46FROM SPACE THAT YOU CAN'T SEE FROM EARTH.
01:23:48>> WOW. SO, SO LUCKY. AND I KNOW YOU'VE SEEN A LOT OF OTHER
01:23:51BEAUTIFUL PHENOMENA IN SPACE, LIKE THE AURORA AND AIRGLOW.
01:23:55WHAT IS IT THAT MAKES WATCHING A
01:23:57TOTAL ECLIPSE SPECIAL FOR YOU?
01:24:01>> UM IT'S THE. THE WHOLE.
01:24:06>> PACKAGE THAT COMES WITH A TOTAL ECLIPSE. IT'S THE SHADOW
01:24:09PHENOMENA THAT HAPPENS AROUND YOU. IT'S LOOKING AT THE CORONA
01:24:13AROUND THE SUN. IT'S
01:24:16EXPERIENCING THE REACTION OF ALL THE PEOPLE YOU'RE WATCHING IT
01:24:20WITH. SO, UH, IT'S IT'S A HUMAN
01:24:23EMOTIONAL EVENT AS WELL AS, AS
01:24:27MUCH PHYSICS. AND, UH, AND
01:24:31NATURAL PHENOMENOLOGY AS YOU WANT TO ADD TO THE MIX.
01:24:34>> WOW. WELL, THANK YOU SO MUCH,
01:24:36JOHN. ANY PARTING WORDS
01:24:40>> JUST, UH, GET OUT AND WATCH
01:24:44AN ECLIPSE, WHETHER IT'S A TOTAL
01:24:45ECLIPSE OR A PARTIAL ECLIPSE,
01:24:50THEY HAPPEN. LUNAR ECLIPSES HAPPEN. GET OUT AND LOOK UP AT THE SKY AND THINK ABOUT WHAT'S
01:24:53GOING ON. AND SMILE.
01:24:56>> THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR JOINING US LIVE FROM SPAIN. WE'RE SO
01:25:00GRATEFUL YOU COULD SHARE YOUR
01:25:05ABSOLUTELY AMAZING SOLAR ECLIPSE APPEARANCE WITH US. >> YOU. >> YOU ALL TAKE CARE.
01:25:08>> WOW. KELLY, IT'S AMAZING TO
01:25:10HEAR SOMEONE AS PASSIONATE AND KNOWLEDGEABLE AS JOHN.
01:25:14>> YES, IT REALLY IS THAT HE'S SEEN SO MUCH AND HE STILL IS SO PASSIONATE ABOUT THE ECLIPSE HERE ON EARTH. IT JUST REALLY
01:25:18TELLS YOU, YOU HAVE TO SEE THIS THING. >> ABSOLUTELY. SO IF YOU'RE
01:25:22LOOKING TO CATCH THE NEXT TOTAL ECLIPSE, YOU'RE IN LUCK BECAUSE WE HAVE A FEW SPECIAL ONES
01:25:26COMING UP. KELLY, CAN YOU RUN THROUGH THEM WITH US?
01:25:29>> YES. SO NEXT YEAR THERE IS GOING TO BE AN ECLIPSE THAT
01:25:33HAPPENS IN PART OF SPAIN, THROUGHOUT THE NORTHERN AFRICA
01:25:36THROUGH THE MIDDLE EAST. AND THAT'S GOING TO BE THE ECLIPSE OF THE CENTURY, THE LONGEST ONE
01:25:40OF THE CENTURY. SO AT SIX MINUTES AND 28 SECONDS, THAT'S
01:25:43GOING TO BE A VERY LONG ONE. AND THEN IN 28, WE'RE GOING TO HAVE
01:25:46THE ECLIPSE OVER AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND. SO THESE ARE GOING
01:25:50TO BE GREAT SCIENTIFIC EXPERIMENTS, AS WELL AS AMAZING EXPERIENCES TO EXPERIENCE ON THE
01:25:53GROUND. >> AMAZING. AND WHAT ABOUT THE UNITED STATES?
01:25:57>> THE UNITED STATES? WELL, THE NEXT ONE WHERE WE'LL HAVE
01:25:59TOTALITY IS 2044 IN MONTANA AND
01:26:02NORTH DAKOTA. AND THEN 2045. SO IT'S GOING TO BE A WHILE BEFORE
01:26:07WE GO CALIFORNIA THROUGH
01:26:09FLORIDA, ACROSS ACROSS THE ENTIRE CONTINENT.
01:26:11>> AMAZING. SO IF YOU WANT TO LEARN MORE ABOUT SOLAR ECLIPSES
01:26:15AND NASA SCIENCE, YOU CAN HEAD
01:26:19TO SCIENCE.NASA.GOV/ECLIPSES. SO, KELLY, THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR JOINING US IN THE STUDIO TODAY
01:26:23AND ANSWERING ALL OF OUR QUESTIONS FROM OUR VIEWERS. I
01:26:26ALSO WANT TO THANK OUR GUESTS WHO JOINED US IN THE STUDIO AND
01:26:30ON THE GROUND AS WELL, AND ESPECIALLY TO OUR TELESCOPE
01:26:33PARTNERS AND EVERYONE WHO LOOKED UP WITH US HERE TODAY. AND SO I
01:26:37THINK WE MAY HAVE SOME ECLIPSE
01:26:40PICTURES FROM THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION. WE'RE GOING TO
01:26:42SEE IF WE CAN GRAB THEM. NOW FOR YOU. IF YOU CAN'T. WE'LL BE
01:26:46RELEASING THEM SHORTLY AFTER THE ECLIPSE. WE'RE GOING TO BE
01:26:49POSTING THEM ONLINE SOON AFTER THE ECLIPSE. BUT YES, WE'RE
01:26:53HAPPY THAT THE SPACE STATION ASTRONAUTS WERE ABLE TO SEE THE
01:26:56ECLIPSE FROM SPACE. SO WE HAVE
01:27:00SOMETHING ELSE EXCITING HAPPENING IN JUST A FEW WEEKS. NASA'S KENNEDY SPACE CENTER
01:27:04LAUNCH COMPLEX IN FLORIDA WILL
01:27:05BECOME THE NEXT LAUNCH SITE FOR
01:27:09THE NANCY GRACE ROMAN SPACE TELESCOPE. THIS IS A ONE OF A KIND OBSERVATORY THAT WILL HELP
01:27:13ANSWER ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS ABOUT
01:27:15DARK ENERGY, EXOPLANETS, AND MUCH MORE ABOUT OUR SOLAR SYSTEM
01:27:19AND OUT TO THE OBSERVABLE UNIVERSE. THE LAUNCH IS
01:27:23CURRENTLY NO EARLIER THAN
01:27:25SUNDAY, AUGUST 30th. WE'RE SO EXCITED FOR YOU TO JOIN US NEXT
01:27:29TIME AS WE FOLLOW ANOTHER
01:27:31HISTORIC MISSION IN SPACE
01:27:35EXPLORATION.
01:27:39>> C-SPAN'S WASHINGTON JOURNAL. OUR LIVE FORUM INVITING YOU TO
01:27:41DISCUSS THE LATEST ISSUES IN
01:27:43GOVERNMENT, POLITICS, AND PUBLIC POLICY FROM WASHINGTON, D.C. TO
01:27:47ACROSS THE COUNTRY COMING UP THURSDAY MORNING. WE'LL TALK
01:27:50WITH FORMER ACTING CDC DIRECTOR RICHARD BESSER ABOUT PRESIDENT
01:27:53TRUMP'S EXECUTIVE ORDER AIMED AT REDUCING AND SPACING OUT THE
01:27:56NUMBER OF CHILDHOOD VACCINES AND REAL CLEAR POLITICS CO-FOUNDER
01:28:00AND PRESIDENT TOM BEVAN ON CAMPAIGN 2026 AND POLITICAL NEWS
01:28:04OF THE WEEK. C-SPAN'S WASHINGTON JOURNAL. JOIN THE CONVERSATION
01:28:07LIVE AT 7:00 EASTERN THURSDAY MORNING ON C-SPAN C-SPAN NOW.
01:28:11OUR FREE MOBILE APP OR ONLINE AT
01:28:16C-SPAN.ORG. >> [MUSIC] >> BEST IDEAS AND BEST PRACTICES CAN BE FOUND ANYWHERE.
01:28:20>> WE HAVE TO LISTEN SO WE CAN GOVERN BETTER. >> DEMOCRACY DEPENDS ON HEAVY
01:28:24DOSES OF CIVILITY. >> YOU CAN FIGHT AND STILL BE FRIENDLY.
01:28:28>> BRIDGING THE DIVIDE IN AMERICAN POLITICS. >> YOU KNOW, YOU MAY NOT AGREE
01:28:30WITH THE DEMOCRAT ON EVERYTHING, BUT YOU CAN FIND AREAS WHERE YOU AGREE.
01:28:33>> HE'S PRETTY LIKABLE GUY AS WELL. >> CHRIS AND I ARE ACTUALLY
01:28:36FRIENDS. HE VOTES WRONG ALL THE TIME, BUT WE'RE ACTUALLY FRIENDS.
01:28:40>> THE HORRIBLE SECRET THAT SCOTT AND I HAVE IS THAT WE ACTUALLY RESPECT EACH OTHER.
01:28:43>> WE ALL DON'T HATE EACH OTHER. >> YOU TWO ACTUALLY KIND OF LIKE EACH OTHER. THESE ARE THE KINDS
01:28:47OF SECRETS WE LIKE TO EXPOSE. >> IT'S NICE TO BE WITH A MEMBER WHO KNOWS WHAT THEY'RE
01:28:51TALKING ABOUT. >> YOU GUYS DID AGREE TO THE CIVILITY. ALL RIGHT.
01:28:55>> HE OWES MY SON $10 FROM A BET.
01:28:57>> I NEVER PAID. FORK IT OVER. >> THAT'S FIGHTING WORDS. >> RIGHT THERE.
01:29:01>> I'M NOT IN CHARGE OF IT. >> I'M THRILLED TO BE ON THIS SHOW WITH HIM.
01:29:04>> THEY'RE NOT SHOWS LIKE THIS, RIGHT? INCENTIVIZING THAT
01:29:08RELATIONSHIP.
01:29:09>> CEASE FIRE. FRIDAY NIGHTS ON C-SPAN.
01:29:13>> [MUSIC]
01:29:17>> PRESIDENT TRUMP HAS ANNOUNCED VIA SOCIAL MEDIA, THAT WHITE
01:29:19HOUSE PRESS SECRETARY KAROLINE
01:29:21LEAVITT WILL BE LEAVING. HIS
01:29:23POST READS IN PART. OUR WONDERFUL WHITE HOUSE PRESS
01:29:26SECRETARY AND ONE OF MY MOST TRUSTED AIDES, KAROLINE LEAVITT, WILL BE DEPARTING HER ROLE AT
01:29:31THE END OF THE MONTH SO SHE CAN SPEND MORE TIME WITH HER
01:29:33BEAUTIFUL YOUNG CHILDREN AND FAMILY, A DECISION I TOTALLY
01:29:37UNDERSTAND AND RESPECT. HE GOES ON TO SAY THAT LEAVITT, WHO HAS
01:29:41SERVED AS PRESS SECRETARY SINCE THE BEGINNING OF TRUMP'S SECOND
01:29:43TERM, WILL BE ONE OF HIS TOP ADVISORS FOLLOWING HER
01:29:47DEPARTURE. MISS LEAVITT HERSELF LATER CONFIRMED THAT NEWS IN A POST, SAYING, IN PART THAT IT
01:29:51WAS A, QUOTE, HONOR OF A LIFETIME TO SERVE AS PRESS
01:29:55SECRETARY. SHE ALSO CITED BEING A MOTHER AND WELCOMING A NEW
01:29:58BABY AS KEY REASONS FOR HER DECISION. A SUCCESSOR HAS YET TO
01:30:01BE NAMED BY THE WHITE HOUSE
01:30:07>> NOW WE TURN TO THE DEMOCRATIC
01:30:10PRIMARY FOR MINNESOTA'S U.S. SENATE RACE. PROGRESSIVE
01:30:13LIEUTENANT GOVERNOR PEGGY FLANAGAN WON THE PARTY'S
01:30:15NOMINATION OVER MODERATE CANDIDATE CONGRESSWOMAN ANGIE
01:30:19CRAIG. SHE'LL FACE OFF AGAINST FORMER SPORTSCASTER REPUBLICAN
01:30:23MICHELE TAFOYA IN NOVEMBER'S
01:30:25GENERAL ELECTION. UP NEXT, REMARKS FROM MISS FLANAGAN AFTER
01:30:29SHE CLINCHED HER PARTY'S
01:30:29NOMINATION