Original Broadcaster Captioning (Enhanced). Treat it as a searchable index of what was broadcast, not a quotation record.
00:00:02JOHNSON AND REPUBLICAN CONGRESSWOMAN MEET WITH
00:00:04REPORTERS IN VIRGINIA BEACH AS
00:00:08SHE SEEKS REELECTION TO VIRGINIA'S SECOND CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT. THE CONGRESSWOMAN REPRESENTED
00:00:11THE DISTRICT SINCE 2023.
00:00:15WATCH LIVE COVERAGE STARTING 1:00 P.M. EASTERN ON C-SPAN,
00:00:17C-SPAN NOW OUR FREE MOBILE APP,
00:00:21OR ONLINE AT C-SPAN.ORG.
00:00:25>> THE ROAD TO THE CAPITAL RUNS
00:00:29THROUGH AMERICA'S BETTER GRAHAM STATES AND C-SPAN IS THERE.
00:00:38WHERE THE ONLY NATIONAL
00:00:42TELEVISION NETWORK PROVIDING THIS MUCH UNFILTERED ACCESS TO THE CANDIDATES, VOTERS AND
00:00:45ISSUES CHAMPIN -- ISSUES SHAPING CAMPAIGN 2026.
00:00:49THE ROAD TO THE CAPITAL, ONLY ON C-SPAN.
00:00:53>> NASA TV WAS ABLE TO PROVIDE
00:00:56SPECIAL COVERAGE OF THE TOTAL SOLAR ECLIPSE ACROSS THE MODERN HEMISPHERE.
00:01:00HERE IS A LOOK.
00:01:35>> EVERYBODY SHOULD BE WATCHING.
00:01:50>> HELLO AND WELCOME TO
00:01:54VANESSA'S LIVE COVERAGE OF THE 2026 TOTAL SOLAR ECLIPSE.
00:01:59WE ARE AT NASA'S SPACE FLIGHT CENTER AND OVER THE NEXT HOUR OR SO WE WILL BE TRACKING THE
00:02:03ECLIPSE AS IT RACES ACROSS THE ATLANTIC AND EUROPE.
00:02:07A TOTAL SOLAR ECLIPSE OCCURS WHEN THE MOON
00:02:09MOVES BETWEEN THE SUN AND EARTH, AND COMPLETELY BLOCKS THE FACE
00:02:13OF THE SUN, CASTING A SHADOW ON EARTH. PEOPLE LOCATED WITHIN THE
00:02:17MOON'S SHADOW, ALSO KNOWN AS
00:02:19THE PATH OF TOTALITY, WILL EXPERIENCE A TOTAL SOLAR
00:02:22ECLIPSE. THE SKY WILL DARKEN BRIEFLY, AS IF IT WERE DAWN OR
00:02:25DUSK, SO, WEATHER PERMITTING,
00:02:28PEOPLE IN THE PATH OF TOTALITY WILL SEE THE CORONA, THE SUN'S
00:02:31OUTER ATMOSPHERE, WHICH IS
00:02:33NORMALLY HIDDEN BY THE BRIGHT FACE OF THE SUN. TODAY'S TOTAL
00:02:36SOLAR ECLIPSE WILL SWEEP ACROSS
00:02:39GREENLAND, ICELAND, NORTHERN RUSSIA, SPAIN AND A SMALL CORNER
00:02:42OF PORTUGAL. MANY OTHER AREAS IN
00:02:45THE NORTHERN HEMISPHERE ARE ALREADY, OR WILL SOON EXPERIENCE
00:02:48A PARTIAL SOLAR ECLIPSE, INCLUDING MUCH OF CANADA AND
00:02:51PARTS OF THE NORTHERN U.S. AND FOR MANY ALONG THE WESTERN PART
00:02:54OF THE ECLIPSE PATH, SUCH AS
00:02:56MAINLAND EUROPE AND AFRICA. THE ECLIPSE WILL OCCUR EARLY
00:03:00EVENING, CREATING A RARE OPPORTUNITY TO SEE A SUNSET
00:03:04ECLIPSE. OVER THE NEXT COUPLE OF HOURS, WE'LL BE BRINGING YOU
00:03:07LIVE FEEDS FROM TELESCOPES ACROSS EUROPE, AND HOPEFULLY,
00:03:11VIEWS OF TOTALITY IN ICELAND AND SPAIN. THANK YOU SO MUCH TO OUR
00:03:14PARTNERS. TIME AND DATE. SOUTHERN ILLINOIS UNIVERSITY AND
00:03:18EXPLORATORIUM FOR THOSE VIEWS.
00:03:21DURING TODAY'S SHOW, WE'LL BE
00:03:23JOINED BY EXPERTS TO LEARN WHY CELESTIAL EVENTS LIKE THESE ONES
00:03:26ARE IMPORTANT TO STUDY, DOCUMENT, AND EXPERIENCE. AND I
00:03:29HAVE AN IMPORTANT REMINDER. ON THAT NOTE, WHEN WATCHING A
00:03:32PARTIAL SOLAR ECLIPSE, YOU MUST ALWAYS USE THE RIGHT PROTECTION.
00:03:36YOU CAN USE SAFE SOLAR VIEWING GLASSES, LIKE THESE ONES CALLED
00:03:40ECLIPSE GLASSES, OR A SAFE HANDHELD SOLAR VIEWER LIKE THIS.
00:03:44OR YOU CAN USE INDIRECT VIEWING METHODS AS WELL. REGULAR
00:03:48SUNGLASSES, NO MATTER HOW DARK, WILL NOT WORK AND ARE NOT SAFE
00:03:51FOR VIEWING THE SUN, SO BE SURE
00:03:54TO STAY SAFE. NOW, LET'S HEAD OVER TO MY COLLEAGUE ERNIE
00:03:58WRIGHT, WHO CAN TELL US MORE ABOUT WHERE THE ACTION IS
00:04:00HAPPENING TODAY >> THANKS, JOY. I'M STANDING IN
00:04:04FRONT OF THE MAP THAT I MADE FOR THE ECLIPSE THAT WE'RE GOING TO
00:04:07EXPERIENCE TODAY. UM, WE'RE LOOKING DOWN AT THE NORTH POLE
00:04:11HERE, AND THE RED STRIPE IS THE
00:04:15PATH OF TOTALITY. THOSE ARE THE LOCATIONS THAT WILL EXPERIENCE
00:04:18TOTALITY TODAY. AS WE ANIMATE
00:04:21THIS, YOU CAN ALSO SEE THE MUCH BROADER PENUMBRA SHADOW. THAT'S
00:04:24WHERE THE PARTIAL ECLIPSE OCCURS. BUT HERE COMES THE UMBRA
00:04:28SHADOW. THAT'S WHERE TOTALITY IS HAPPENING. INSIDE THAT LITTLE
00:04:32OVAL. IT PASSES OVER THE EAST COAST OF GREENLAND, THE WEST
00:04:35COAST OF ICELAND, AND ACROSS NORTHERN SPAIN, WHERE, AS JOYCE
00:04:38SAID, THEY'LL EXPERIENCE ECLIPSE WITHIN AN HOUR OF
00:04:42SUNSET. SO THEY SHOULD HAVE LOTS
00:04:44OF OPPORTUNITIES FOR REALLY BEAUTIFUL PHOTOGRAPHS. AND THEN,
00:04:48AS THE ECLIPSE PROGRESSES, AND
00:04:50THAT UMBRA DISAPPEARS, WEST AFRICA WILL ALSO GET AN
00:04:54OPPORTUNITY TO SEE A PARTIAL ECLIPSE AS THAT PENUMBRA SHADOW
00:04:57SORT OF SLIDES OFF THE EDGE OF THE EARTH HERE. NOW, AS WE ZOOM
00:05:01UP AND LOOK AT ICELAND AND
00:05:04SPAIN. REYKJAVIK IS HERE IN THAT SOUTHWEST CORNER OF ICELAND.
00:05:07WE'RE KIND OF CROSSING OUR FINGERS FOR THEM BECAUSE IT'S A LITTLE BIT CLOUDY THERE RIGHT
00:05:11NOW. THAT UMBRA SHADOW IS
00:05:14TRAVELING OVER 2000 MILES AN HOUR AS IT PASSES THROUGH THE
00:05:18PATH AND CROSSES THE NORTH
00:05:20ATLANTIC, AND THEN IT RUNS INTO
00:05:23SPAIN HERE, WHERE WE EXPECT MORE THAN 15 MILLION PEOPLE WILL BE
00:05:27WATCHING THIS ECLIPSE. SOME OF
00:05:28THEM ON THE BEACH IN MALLORCA, RIGHT BEFORE SUNSET. SO THEY
00:05:32SHOULD GET SOME REALLY BEAUTIFUL PHOTOGRAPHS OVER THE MOUNTAINS
00:05:34TO THE WEST. NOW, THE SITUATION
00:05:36IN THE U.S. IS GOING TO LOOK
00:05:39LIKE THIS. THAT YELLOW LINE IS
00:05:44THE SOUTHERN LIMIT OF THE PARTIAL ECLIPSE. SO FOLKS SOUTH OF THAT LINE, YOU'RE NOT GOING
00:05:48TO SEE AN ECLIPSE TODAY. BUT IF YOU'RE NORTH AND EAST OF THAT
00:05:51LINE, YOU MAY ALREADY BE
00:05:52STARTING TO SEE THE PARTIAL
00:05:56ECLIPSE. UM, IT TAKES 2.5 HOURS
00:05:58FOR THAT PARTIAL SHADOW TO PASS ALL THE WAY ACROSS THE UNITED
00:06:02STATES. UM, SO IT'S NOT LIKE
00:06:06TOTALITY. YOU DON'T HAVE TO RUN
00:06:07OUT THERE AT THE EXACT MOMENT.
00:06:11UM, SOME PLACES WILL HAVE A PARTIAL ECLIPSE THAT LASTS FOR
00:06:15ALMOST 2.5 HOURS. OTHERS, MAYBE JUST AN HOUR. SO THIS IS THE
00:06:19SITUATION RIGHT NOW. UM,
00:06:21MONTANA, YOUR ECLIPSE IS OVER.
00:06:24THE SHADOW IS PASSING OUT OF
00:06:27NORTH DAKOTA, BUT MINNESOTA,
00:06:29WISCONSIN, MICHIGAN, YOU'RE IN IT. THE NORTHEAST IS ALSO IN IT.
00:06:32AND FOR FOLKS IN THE MID-ATLANTIC, YOU WILL BE IN IT
00:06:35SOON ENOUGH. NOW, BEFORE YOU RUN
00:06:38OUTSIDE TO LOOK AT YOUR ECLIPSE,
00:06:41THAT'S HAPPENING RIGHT NOW, WE WANT TO SHOW YOU A SHORT VIDEO
00:06:44ABOUT HOW TO OBSERVE THIS
00:06:47ECLIPSE SAFELY.
00:06:48>> [MUSIC]
00:07:20[MUSIC] [MUSIC]
00:08:07[MUSIC]
00:08:20>> IF YOU'D LIKE TO FIND AND EXPLORE THE ECLIPSE MAPS
00:08:23YOURSELF, LIKE THE ONES ERNIE WAS REFERENCING, SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS, AND MUCH MORE
00:08:27ABOUT TODAY'S ECLIPSE, HEAD TO
00:08:31SCIENCE.NASA.GOV SLASH ECLIPSES.
00:08:33SO NEXT, I'D LIKE TO INTRODUCE OUR FIRST GUEST. HERE IN THE
00:08:37STUDIO, WE HAVE DR. KELLY COURIC, WHO IS ONE OF NASA'S
00:08:40HELIOPHYSICIST WHO STUDIES THE SUN AND ITS EFFECTS ACROSS THE SOLAR SYSTEM. AND SHE'S ALSO
00:08:44STUDIED THE SUN'S CORONA IN GREAT DEPTH. THANK YOU SO MUCH
00:08:47FOR HELPING US KICK OFF TODAY'S COVERAGE. >> IT'S GREAT TO BE HERE, JOY.
00:08:51>> SO LET'S TALK ABOUT WHY WE DON'T ALWAYS SEE ECLIPSES ON
00:08:54EARTH. WE'VE GOT THIS AWESOME
00:08:56MODEL HERE CALLED AN ORI. UM, SO
00:08:59USING THIS, CAN WE TALK ABOUT THEIR ORBITS AND WHY WE DON'T SEE IT EVERY MONTH?
00:09:02>> YES. SO HERE WE HAVE THE SUN,
00:09:05THE MOON, AND THE EARTH. AND AS
00:09:07WE MOVE, WE CAN SEE THAT THE
00:09:10MOON IS NOT EXACTLY ON THE SAME
00:09:14LINE THAT WE HAVE WITH THE SUN. SO THE EARTH CAN VIEW THE SUN
00:09:17PRETTY WELL. BUT WHEN WE GET IT TO ABOUT HERE, WE CAN SEE THAT
00:09:20SOMETIMES, MAYBE A LITTLE
00:09:22FURTHER. SOMETIMES IT LINES UP
00:09:25PERFECTLY SO THAT WE'RE ABLE TO
00:09:28HAVE THAT ECLIPSE. AND THAT'S WHEN WE HAVE THAT ECLIPSE. SO THAT FIVE DEGREES OFF ENDS UP
00:09:32NOT HAVING ECLIPSE. EVERY, EVERY NEW MOON.
00:09:34>> OKAY. AND SO TODAY'S ECLIPSE
00:09:37WILL TRAVEL ACROSS EUROPE FOR
00:09:39THE FIRST TIME SINCE 1999. CAN
00:09:41YOU TELL ME WHY DOES THAT REGION
00:09:46NOT EXPERIENCE ECLIPSES AS OFTEN? AND WHAT IS IT THAT MAKES THIS ECLIPSE UNIQUE?
00:09:49>> RIGHT. SO THIS ECLIPSE IS UNIQUE BECAUSE OF THE FACT THAT
00:09:52IT'S NEAR SUNSET. IT'S ALSO THE FACT THAT EUROPE DOESN'T GET
00:09:54AS MANY, JUST SIMPLY AS TO THE LOCATION. AND ANY PLACE ON
00:09:57EARTH, REALLY. IT'S THREE, ABOUT 300 TO 400 YEARS BETWEEN
00:10:01THE TIME YOU GET ECLIPSES. SO THERE'S A LOT OF OCEAN ON THE EARTH THAT WE JUST DON'T. IT
00:10:05JUST DOESN'T GO OVER LAND. PLUS, WITH THE, WITH THE ANGLE,
00:10:07IT TENDS TO MOVE VERY QUICKLY AND PASS IN AND OUT. SO THEY DON'T GET A LOT OF ECLIPSES.
00:10:11AND AGAIN, IT'S SUPER SPECIAL BEING NEAR SUNSET. SO BEING ABLE
00:10:14TO SEE A SUN SETTING BEING ECLIPSED, IT'S GOING TO BE
00:10:17REALLY AWESOME. PHOTOS. >> OKAY. AND I'VE ALSO HEARD OF
00:10:21ECLIPSE SEASONS. CAN YOU TALK A BIT ABOUT THAT? >> YEAH. SO ECLIPSE SEASON, WHEN
00:10:24ECLIPSE HAPPENS LIKE THIS, THAT LINEUP MEANS THAT YOU'RE GOING
00:10:27TO SEE THE SOLAR ECLIPSE. SO EITHER A PARTIAL ANNULAR OR
00:10:31TOTAL. AND THEN YOU'RE GOING TO SEE A LUNAR ECLIPSE ABOUT TWO
00:10:34WEEKS LATER. SO IN ABOUT TWO WEEKS, WE'LL BE ABLE TO ENJOY
00:10:38THE ORIENTATION WHERE THE SUN, THE EARTH IS ACTUALLY CASTING
00:10:41THE SHADOW ON THE MOON AND HAVING A LUNAR ECLIPSE. SO
00:10:43THAT'S THE ECLIPSE SEASON. >> FANTASTIC. AND I KNOW EUROPE
00:10:46IS GOING TO HAVE ANOTHER ECLIPSE
00:10:51HAPPENING, WHICH SEEMS TO BE A LUCKY FEW YEARS FOR THAT REGION.
00:10:54>> YEAH, DEFINITELY LUCKY. AND IT'S GOING TO BE A WONDERFUL ECLIPSE. AND ACTUALLY THE
00:10:57LONGEST ECLIPSE OF THE CENTURY. SO IT'S GOING TO BE SIX MINUTES AND 28 SECONDS. SO THAT'S A VERY
00:11:01LONG ONE. GREAT FOR SCIENTIFIC,
00:11:04SCIENTIFIC INVESTIGATION.
00:11:06>> WOW. AND SO, UM, ECLIPSES CAN
00:11:08OCCUR SOMEWHERE ON EARTH. ROUGHLY EVERY 18 MONTHS OR SO.
00:11:12SO WHY IS IT THAT NASA CONTINUES TO STUDY SOLAR ECLIPSES?
00:11:15>> BECAUSE, BECAUSE EVERY ECLIPSE IS A LITTLE BIT
00:11:18DIFFERENT. THE SUN CHANGES AS IT
00:11:20ROTATES, OR CHANGES IN ITS 11
00:11:22YEAR CYCLE. THE EARTH AND THE AREA OF THE EARTH THAT IT COVERS
00:11:26IS DIFFERENT. SO WE MAKE SURE THAT WE STUDY IT EACH TIME.
00:11:29>> FANTASTIC. THANK YOU SO MUCH, KELLY. THANK YOU. SO THROUGHOUT
00:11:33TODAY'S COVERAGE, WE'LL BE
00:11:34JOINED BY OTHER NASA EXPERTS LIKE DR. KATIE COURIC, WHO CAN
00:11:38ANSWER ANY OF YOUR QUESTIONS THAT YOU HAVE ABOUT SOLAR ECLIPSES, THE SCIENCE WE'RE
00:11:42DOING, AND ALL THE OTHER ACTIVITIES YOU'RE HEARING ABOUT TODAY. YOU CAN ASK YOUR
00:11:46QUESTIONS IN THE CHAT ON
00:11:47YOUTUBE, FACEBOOK, TWITCH, AND
00:11:50INSTAGRAM, OR TAG AT NASA, WHEREVER YOU'RE WATCHING. WE
00:11:53ALSO HAVE QUESTIONS WE WANT TO ASK YOU TODAY. SO IF YOU WANT TO
00:11:57HEAD OVER TO NASA'S TWITTER OR INSTAGRAM STORIES AND TAKE A
00:12:00LOOK AT THE POLL WE'VE GOT FOR
00:12:02YOU, YOU CAN PARTICIPATE AND
00:12:05ANSWER THOSE QUESTIONS. AND SO BEFORE WE GO ON, I JUST WANT TO
00:12:08POINT OUT THAT YOU MAY HAVE NOTICED A CLOCK COUNTING DOWN IN
00:12:11THE UPPER LEFT CORNER OF TODAY'S SHOW. WE'LL HAVE TWO
00:12:14DIFFERENT COUNTDOWN CLOCKS DISPLAYED OVER THE COURSE OF THE
00:12:18NEXT HOUR THAT WILL LET YOU KNOW HOW CLOSE WE ARE TO THE FIRST
00:12:20INSTANCES OF TOTALITY IN THE TELESCOPE. VIEWS WE HAVE IN
00:12:24ICELAND AND SPAIN, RESPECTIVELY. THOSE ARE THE TWO LOCATIONS
00:12:27WHERE WE HOPE OUR TELESCOPE PARTNERS WILL BE ABLE TO CAPTURE
00:12:31THE BEST VIEWS OF THE SUN BEING TOTALLY ECLIPSED BY THE MOON.
00:12:35WE'RE TRACKING TOTALITY IN
00:12:37REYKJAVIK, ICELAND, AT 1:48 P.M.
00:12:40EASTERN TIME, OR 5:48 P.M. LOCAL
00:12:43TIME, AND THAT WILL LAST ABOUT A
00:12:45MINUTE OR SO. AND THEN WE'RE
00:12:47GOING TO SET OUR SIGHTS TO LEON, SPAIN, FOR TOTALITY THERE AT
00:12:512:28 P.M. EASTERN TIME, OR 8:28
00:12:54P.M. LOCAL TIME, AND THE ECLIPSE, THERE WILL BE ABOUT TWO
00:12:57MINUTES LONG. SO THERE'S A LOT
00:13:00OF SCIENCE TAKING PLACE DURING THOSE FLEETING MOMENTS OF
00:13:04TOTALITY. TODAY IN ICELAND. AND WE HAVE EXPERIMENTS ON THE
00:13:06GROUND AND IN THE AIR AND IN THE VIEW LOOKING AT RIGHT NOW,
00:13:10THERE'S A CAMERA THAT WILL BE CAPTURING THE VIEW OF THE SUN'S
00:13:14CORONA WHEN IT'S TIME FOR
00:13:16TOTALITY, WHEN TOTALITY HITS IN
00:13:19ICELAND, THE PLANES ARE GOING TO BE CHASING THE MOON'S SHADOW
00:13:21FOR AS LONG AS THEY CAN. THEY'RE GOING TO BE STUDYING THE SUN'S
00:13:25CORONA, WHERE THE SKIES WILL
00:13:26HOPEFULLY BE CLEAR UP THERE. THE
00:13:30PLANE TOOK OFF FROM KEFLAVIK AIRPORT ABOUT AN HOUR AGO, AND THEN WE'RE GOING TO BE TALKING TO THE SCIENCE TEAM LIVE FROM
00:13:34ICELAND VERY SHORTLY. BEFORE WE
00:13:38DO THAT, LET'S LEARN MORE ABOUT WHAT IT'S LIKE TO BE A NASA
00:13:40PILOT. IN THOSE ECLIPSE
00:13:45EXPERIMENTS. >> FOR MOST PEOPLE, A TOTAL
00:13:46SOLAR ECLIPSE LASTS JUST A FEW
00:13:50MINUTES. BUT NASA PILOTS FIND A WAY TO MAKE IT LAST LONGER BY
00:13:52TRYING TO OUTRUN THE MOON'S SHADOW WITH AN AIRPLANE.
00:13:55>> THE TRUTH IS, IT'S ACTUALLY CHASING US. WE GET OUT IN FRONT
00:13:59OF IT AND LET IT OVERTAKE US. ONCE WE'RE IN TOTALITY, THEN
00:14:02WE'LL ADVANCE THE THROTTLES TO MAX AND TRY AND STAY IN TOTALITY
00:14:06FOR AS LONG AS WE CAN. >> MAKING THAT HAPPEN TAKES
00:14:08EXTREME PRECISION. SCIENTISTS CALCULATE EXACTLY WHERE THE
00:14:12AIRPLANE NEEDS TO BE AT EACH MOMENT. >> WE DO A LOT OF MISSIONS WHERE BEING IN THE RIGHT POINT IN TIME
00:14:16AND SPACE ARE CRITICAL, AND THIS
00:14:18IS ONE OF THEM. >> ON ECLIPSE DAY, THE WB 57
00:14:22AIRCRAFT CLIMBS MORE THAN
00:14:2450,000FT INTO THE STRATOSPHERE. THAT'S ABOVE MOST OF EARTH'S
00:14:28ATMOSPHERE, WHERE CLOUDS, DUST, AND WATER VAPOR COULD OBSCURE THE VIEW.
00:14:31>> VIEWING THE ECLIPSE FROM
00:14:3450,000FT PROVIDES A REALLY CLEAR SHOT OF THE SUN, AND THAT ALLOWS
00:14:37THE SCIENTISTS TO HAVE CONFIDENCE THAT THE DATA THAT
00:14:41THEY'RE SEEING IS FROM THE SUN, RATHER THAN DISTORTIONS FROM THE
00:14:44ATMOSPHERE. >> WHEN THE MOON'S SHADOW ARRIVES, IT ENGULFS THE AIRCRAFT.
00:14:47>> IT'S WEIRD, RIGHT? WHERE YOU'RE AT, IT'S DARK, BUT
00:14:50EVERYWHERE YOU SEE IT'S TWILIGHT. THE TEMPERATURE IN THE
00:14:53COCKPIT DROPS, SO IT'S VERY NOTICEABLE. >> AS THE ECLIPSE UNFOLDS. THE
00:14:57PILOT KEEPS THE AIRCRAFT ON COURSE, WHILE THE SENSOR
00:15:00OPERATOR FINE TUNES THE CAMERAS, CAPTURING EVERY SECOND OF DATA. >> YOU'RE VERY, VERY, VERY
00:15:04BUSY, AND IT'S VERY HIGH PRESSURE BECAUSE, OF COURSE,
00:15:08THERE'S NO DO OVERS. YOU ONLY
00:15:10GET ONE OPPORTUNITY TO GET ALL THESE INSTRUMENTS TRAINED ON THE RIGHT SPOT.
00:15:14>> FOR THE AIRCRAFT CREW. IT'S A CHANCE TO WITNESS ONE OF
00:15:17NATURE'S MOST SPECTACULAR EVENTS, WHILE HELPING SCIENTISTS
00:15:21BETTER UNDERSTAND OUR SUN. >> I'M SITTING IN THE BEST SEAT
00:15:22IN THE HOUSE. IT'S PRETTY EXCITING.
00:15:26>> [MUSIC]
00:15:29>> WOW, WHAT A JOB THEY HAVE
00:15:33TODAY FOR THIS ECLIPSE. THE WB 57 AIRCRAFT HAS A CAMERA ON THE
00:15:36NOSE OF THE PLANE THAT WILL BE CAPTURING IMAGES OF THE SUN'S
00:15:40CORONA. TO LEARN MORE. LET'S
00:15:41CHAT WITH PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
00:15:44AMIR CASPI, WHO IS CHATTING WITH
00:15:46US LIVE FROM KEFLAVIK AIRPORT IN ICELAND. HI MIA, THANK YOU SO
00:15:50MUCH FOR JOINING US TODAY.
00:15:52>> HI, JOY. IT'S A PLEASURE.
00:15:55>> SO FIRSTLY, HOW ARE YOU FEELING RIGHT NOW? AND CAN YOU
00:15:58TELL US WHAT EXPERIMENT YOU'RE
00:16:01DOING TODAY? >> YES. UH, WELL, FEELINGS ARE
00:16:05MIXED TODAY BECAUSE AS YOU CAN SEE BEHIND ME, THE SKY IS NOT
00:16:08VERY GREAT FOR THOSE OF US HERE ON THE GROUND. ON THE OTHER
00:16:11HAND, WE HAVE AN AIRPLANE
00:16:14THAT'S NOW CRUISING AT 500 ZERO
00:16:16FEET ABOVE SEA LEVEL. THAT'S PREPARING TO OBSERVE THE ECLIPSE
00:16:19IN JUST ABOUT 14 MINUTES. AND WE
00:16:23ARE GOING TO BE IMAGING THE
00:16:25SOLAR CORONA WITH AN INSTRUMENT
00:16:27THAT HAS FOUR CAMERAS ON BOARD
00:16:29WITH A OBSERVATIONS RANGING FROM
00:16:32VISIBLE LIGHT THROUGH NEAR-INFRARED, ALL THE WAY TO
00:16:36THE MID-WAVE INFRARED, WHICH WE
00:16:37OFTEN REFER TO AS THE THERMAL INFRARED. TO MAKE NEW
00:16:41OBSERVATIONS OF THE CORONA AND LEARN ALL ABOUT CORONAL
00:16:45STRUCTURE AND DYNAMICS. >> WHAT IS IT ABOUT THE CORONA,
00:16:48THE SUN'S OUTER ATMOSPHERE THAT
00:16:50WE'RE STILL TRYING TO BETTER UNDERSTAND?
00:16:54>> WELL, YOU KNOW, WE'VE KNOWN
00:16:56FOR ABOUT 100 YEARS NOW THAT THE
00:16:59CORONA IS INCREDIBLY HOT. IT IS MILLIONS OF DEGREES, HOT, EVEN
00:17:03THOUGH THE SOLAR SURFACE IS ONLY A FEW THOUSAND DEGREES. AND
00:17:05WE'RE STILL TRYING TO UNDERSTAND EXACTLY HOW THE
00:17:09CORONA'S MAGNETIC FIELD CARRIES THAT ENERGY UP FROM THE SOLAR
00:17:12SURFACE INTO THE CORONA, TO HEAT
00:17:14IT TO THOSE HIGH LEVELS. OUR
00:17:18OBSERVATIONS TODAY WILL OPEN NEW DISCOVERY SPACE WITH WAVELENGTHS
00:17:20THAT ARE VERY RARELY OBSERVED, THAT WILL ALLOW US TO APPLY
00:17:24PHYSICS MODELS TO BETTER
00:17:26UNDERSTAND HOW THAT CORONA IS
00:17:28HEATED. WE'LL ALSO BE LOOKING
00:17:31AT THE STRUCTURES OF PROMINENCES OR MATERIAL FROM LOWER DOWN.
00:17:34THAT'S KIND OF SUSPENDED IN THE CORONA THAT WE'RE STILL TRYING
00:17:38TO UNDERSTAND, ESPECIALLY IN THESE INFRARED WAVELENGTHS,
00:17:42WHERE WE DON'T HAVE A LOT OF OBSERVATIONS. AND ALL OF THIS
00:17:45WILL ALSO HELP US TO UNDERSTAND, OF COURSE, THE SOURCES OF SPACE
00:17:48WEATHER THAT AFFECT US HERE ON EARTH. >> AND SO I KNOW YOU FLEW THIS
00:17:52EXPERIMENT AND A SIMILAR ONE
00:17:54DURING THE 2024 AND 2017 TOTAL SOLAR ECLIPSES. WHAT DID YOU
00:17:57LEARN FROM THOSE ECLIPSES, AND ARE YOU MAKING ANY CHANGES TO
00:18:00YOUR EXPERIMENT FOR THIS
00:18:04ECLIPSE? >> IN 2017. OUR FIRST ATTEMPT AT
00:18:08THIS KIND OF OBSERVATION, WE DIDN'T EVEN KNOW WHAT WE WERE
00:18:10GOING TO SEE. AND MEASURING IN
00:18:13THE MID WAVE, INFRARED REVEALED
00:18:16NEW OBSERVATIONS AND
00:18:18MEASUREMENTS THAT I THINK OPENED UP THE POSSIBILITIES OF LOTS OF
00:18:22FUTURE EXPERIMENTS TO TRY TO BETTER UNDERSTAND THIS EMISSION
00:18:25FROM THE SUN. IN 2024, WE FLEW
00:18:28AN UPGRADED INSTRUMENT, THE SAME ONE THAT'S FLYING THIS YEAR. IT
00:18:32HAS FOUR CAMERAS MEASURING
00:18:34ACROSS NINE DIFFERENT WAVELENGTH
00:18:38BANDS, AND WE LEARNED QUITE A LOT. ALTHOUGH WE'RE STILL
00:18:41ANALYZING THAT DATA. SO I DON'T HAVE ANY RESULTS TO SHARE WITH
00:18:45YOU RIGHT NOW, EXCEPT TO SAY THAT WE SAW SOME AMAZING STRUCTURES, AND IT WILL BE VERY
00:18:49INTERESTING ONCE WE COMPLETE OUR ANALYSIS. >> YEAH, I'M LOOKING.
00:18:52>> FORWARD TO THIS YEAR. WE'RE FLYING THE SAME. OH, SORRY. GO AHEAD.
00:18:55>> NO, NO. GO AHEAD. >> FOR THIS YEAR. WE'RE FLYING
00:18:59THE SAME INSTRUMENT AND WE'RE NOT MAKING ANY CHANGES TO IT
00:19:02FROM 2024, EXCEPT THAT WE'RE APPLYING ALL OF THE LESSONS THAT
00:19:05WE LEARNED FROM THE PRIOR
00:19:08FLIGHTS, INCLUDING BEING ABLE TO
00:19:10FINE TUNE THE OBSERVING TIME AND THE OBSERVING PROCEDURES. AND,
00:19:13OF COURSE, WE ALSO NOW HAVE OUR DATA ANALYSIS PIPELINE THAT'S
00:19:16ALREADY MADE FROM 2024, WHICH WILL ALLOW US TO COMBINE THIS
00:19:20DATA WITH THE DATA FROM TWO
00:19:22YEARS AGO TO MAKE NEW SCIENTIFIC MEASUREMENTS MUCH FASTER THAN WE
00:19:26WERE ABLE TO DO IN THE PAST. >> THANK YOU SO MUCH. I KNOW THE
00:19:29PLANE IS ABOUT TO BE CAPTURING THE ECLIPSE IN ABOUT 13 TO 14
00:19:33MINUTES, SO BEST OF LUCK OUT THERE. AND THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR
00:19:36JOINING US >> IT'S MY PLEASURE. THANK YOU
00:19:39SO MUCH.
00:19:40>> SO LET'S TAKE A LOOK AT THE
00:19:43TELESCOPE VIEWS RIGHT NOW. THE PARTIAL SOLAR ECLIPSE HAS JUST
00:19:46BEGUN IN SPAIN. YOU CAN SEE A LITTLE SLIVER OF THE SUN THAT'S
00:19:49BEEN CUT OFF ON THE ONE OF THE SIDES. THE MOON HAS JUST STARTED
00:19:53TO MOVE IN FRONT AND WILL TAKE
00:19:54ROUGHLY AN HOUR OR SO BEFORE IT COMPLETELY COVERS THE BRIGHT
00:19:58DISK OF THE SUN. THANK YOU AGAIN TO OUR PARTNERS FOR THESE
00:20:02BEAUTIFUL TELESCOPE VIEWS OF THE
00:20:05SOLAR ECLIPSE. WE'RE ABOUT TEN MINUTES AWAY FROM TOTALITY IN
00:20:09REYKJAVIK, ICELAND. THE TELESCOPES THE TELESCOPE VIEWS.
00:20:11THERE ARE CLOUDY AT THE MOMENT,
00:20:14BUT WHAT WE'RE SEEING IN FRONT
00:20:16OF US ARE VIEWS FROM SPAIN, AND
00:20:19HOPEFULLY THE SKIES STAY CLEAR
00:20:22FOR SPAIN. AND FINGERS CROSSED, THAT IS WHAT WE WANT FOR A TOTAL
00:20:26SOLAR ECLIPSE IS CLEAR SKIES. SO
00:20:28BEFORE TOTALITY COMES, WE HAVE A FEW MINUTES TO SHOW YOU
00:20:32DIFFERENT TYPES OF SCIENCE NASA HAS BEEN CONDUCTING IN ICELAND
00:20:36FOR YEARS. ICELAND IS A GREAT PLACE FOR ASTRONAUT TRAINING DUE
00:20:40TO ITS TERRAIN. A FEW YEARS AGO, THE ARTEMIS II CREW AND THE
00:20:43SCIENCE TEAM SPENT SOME TIME THERE TO PREPARE FOR THE ARTEMIS
00:20:46II MISSION. LET'S LEARN MORE
00:20:51>> [MUSIC]
00:20:54>> ICELAND IS A REALLY WONDERFUL PLACE. IT'S A GREAT PLACE OF
00:20:57INTEREST FOR FOR GEOLOGISTS, BUT >> IT'S ALSO A WONDERFUL ANALOG
00:21:01ON ARTEMIS. WE'LL VISIT THE LUNAR SOUTH POLE. WE'LL MAKE OBSERVATIONS FROM ORBIT, AND WE
00:21:04HAVE A WHOLE NEW SET OF SCIENCE QUESTIONS THAT WE HOPE THAT
00:21:08ARTEMIS ASTRONAUTS WILL HELP US ANSWER FOR THE MOON AND MARS, WHICH ARE, OF COURSE, PLANETARY
00:21:11BODIES. WE'RE REALLY EXCITED ABOUT FOR HUMAN SPACEFLIGHT,
00:21:15SPECIFICALLY FOR THE MOON. WE HAVE FEATURES HERE IN ICELAND
00:21:18ARE GEOLOGICALLY RELEVANT TO THE MOON, AND ALSO JUST HAVE A SENSE
00:21:20OF SCALE AND A SENSE OF IDENTITY
00:21:23THAT REALLY MIMIC WHAT WE KNOW
00:21:26THE LUNAR SURFACE LOOKS LIKE. THERE'S A REASON APOLLO ASTRONAUTS TRAINED HERE, AND
00:21:29THERE'S A REASON WE'RE BRINGING ARTEMIS CREW HERE NOW. THIS IS JUST A REALLY WONDERFUL PLACE TO
00:21:33LEARN ABOUT PROCESSES THAT SHAPE THE MOON, AND TO REALLY
00:21:36UNDERSTAND WHAT IT FEELS LIKE AND WHAT IT TAKES TO ACTUALLY
00:21:39NAVIGATE AND DO AN EVA OR SPACEWALK ON THE LUNAR SURFACE.
00:21:42>> IN ICELAND, WE ARE DOING
00:21:45FIELD WORK. WE'RE TRAINING CREW
00:21:47MEMBERS. THIS IS A KEY LOCATION
00:21:50FOR TRAINING FOR ARTEMIS CREWS.
00:21:52HERE WE SEE IN REAL TIME
00:21:55VOLCANIC FEATURES THAT WERE
00:21:58CREATED NOT LONG AGO. IT'S A REAL SPECIAL PLACE FOR DOING
00:22:00TRAINING FOR GEOLOGY.
00:22:03>> I'M HERE IN ICELAND TRAINING
00:22:06THE ARTEMIS TWO CREW IN GEOLOGY. THERE'S REALLY TRANSFORMATIONAL
00:22:10SCIENCE THAT WE CAN LEARN BY GETTING BOOTS BACK ON THE MOON,
00:22:13GETTING SAMPLES BACK, AND BEING ABLE TO DO FIELD GEOLOGY WITH
00:22:16TRAINED ASTRONAUTS ON THE SURFACE, MAKING OBSERVATIONS THAT ONLY THEY CAN MAKE. FROM
00:22:20THAT PERSPECTIVE. >> START TO SEE MAYBE SOFTBALL SIZE.
00:22:24>> IT'S A FANTASTIC PLACE HERE IN ICELAND TO BE ABLE TO TRAIN
00:22:27GEOLOGY. ALSO, NAVIGATION SKILLS ARE ANOTHER BIG COMPONENT OF
00:22:30WHAT WE'RE DOING OUT HERE. IN A BEAUTIFUL ENVIRONMENT LIKE THIS OUT HERE, CAMPING AND IN THE
00:22:34HIGHLANDS OF ICELAND.
00:22:37>> [MUSIC]
00:22:42>> WOW, WHAT AN OFFICE TO WORK IN. SO LATER ON IN OUR COVERAGE,
00:22:45WE'RE GOING TO BE TAKING A CLOSER LOOK AT THE STUDENT BALLOONING EXPERIMENTS AS WELL.
00:22:49AND THAT'S BEEN TAKING PLACE IN
00:22:51ICELAND FOR THE PAST 24 HOURS.
00:22:54BUT NOW WE'RE GOING TO BE CHATTING WITH MARIE HENDERSON,
00:22:57WHO IS THE ARTEMIS II LUNAR
00:22:58SCIENCE DEPUTY LEAD. SHE HAS
00:23:02EXPERIENCED TRAINING IN ICELAND
00:23:03AND HAS A KEY ROLE IN ARTEMIS II
00:23:07LUNAR FLYBY DATA COLLECTION. MARIE, THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR JOINING US. >> THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR HAVING
00:23:11ME TODAY. >> SO DURING THE ARTEMIS II MISSION, THE ASTRONAUTS WERE
00:23:14LUCKY ENOUGH TO SEE A TOTAL
00:23:17SOLAR ECLIPSE FROM SPACE. NOT TO BE CORNY, BUT THAT'S WHAT I CALL
00:23:20SUN AND MOON JOY. WAS THAT SOMETHING THAT WAS PLANNED FROM
00:23:23YOUR SIDE? >> WE KNEW THAT IT WAS A
00:23:26POSSIBILITY THAT WE COULD HAVE A SOLAR ECLIPSE DURING OUR LUNAR
00:23:29FLYBY. SO MONTHS BEFORE WE
00:23:32PREPARED OUR LUNAR IMAGING
00:23:35PROCEDURES, SOME OF THAT, BASED ON WHAT WE LEARNED DURING THE
00:23:38APOLLO PROGRAM, BUT ALSO SOME THAT WE LEARNED FROM IMAGING
00:23:41THAT TOOK PLACE DURING THE 2024 SOLAR ECLIPSE. AND SO WE USE
00:23:45THAT TO PREPARE OUR CAMERAS, BUT
00:23:49ALSO, ONCE WE REALIZE WE'RE COMING UP ON A LAUNCH DAY,
00:23:52ESPECIALLY IN APRIL, WHERE THERE
00:23:56WAS THAT POSSIBILITY, WE HAD TO GO BACK AND WE HAD EXTRA TIME TO TRAIN THE CREW ON WHAT THEY WERE
00:23:59GOING TO BE SEEING DURING THIS ECLIPSE, AND WHAT TYPES OF
00:24:02OBSERVATIONS. THE SCIENTISTS WERE REALLY EXCITED TO LEARN FROM THEM FOR.
00:24:05>> WOW, WHAT A LUCKY ALIGNMENT
00:24:07OF STARS. YES. IS SEEING AN
00:24:12ECLIPSE FROM SPACE ANY DIFFERENT FROM EARTH? DO THEY SEE DIFFERENT THINGS, AND DID THEY
00:24:14HAVE TO WEAR ECLIPSE GLASSES? >> YES, THE CREW DID HAVE TO
00:24:18WEAR ECLIPSE GLASSES. AND SO WE
00:24:21GOT THOSE MANIFESTED. AS YOU CAN SEE ON YOUR SCREEN, TO FOR THEM
00:24:24TO HAVE TO MAKE SAFE
00:24:27OBSERVATIONS. ONE OF THE LARGE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN WHAT THE CREW SAW AS THEY WENT AROUND THE
00:24:30MOON. AND FROM HERE ON EARTH, IS WE LOOK AT AN ECLIPSE THROUGH
00:24:35EARTH'S ATMOSPHERE. AND SO THEY DIDN'T HAVE TO DO A LOOK
00:24:38THROUGH AN ATMOSPHERE AS THEY'RE GOING AROUND THE MOON. SO THEY'RE ABLE TO SEE THE FULL
00:24:41EXTENT OF THAT CORONA, AS WELL AS THE ZODIACAL LIGHT IN THE
00:24:45SOLAR SYSTEM. >> AND HOW LONG WAS THE ECLIPSE UP THERE?
00:24:47>> IT WAS ABOUT 53 MINUTES LONG. SO THEY GOT A MUCH LONGER CHANCE
00:24:51TO LOOK AT THAT ECLIPSE. >> WOW. WHAT AN OPPORTUNITY. WHAT WAS THE DAY LIKE FOR YOU IN
00:24:54THE SIR? >> IT WAS A VERY EXCITING DAY.
00:24:58WE. THIS WAS NOT SOMETHING THAT
00:25:01WE REALLY KNEW EXACTLY HOW IT WOULD BE. AND SO WE HAD JUST HAD
00:25:05A BEAUTIFUL LUNAR FLYBY OF THE ILLUMINATED PORTIONS OF THE
00:25:08MOON. AND THEN WE TURNED TO WATCH THIS ECLIPSE. AND THE
00:25:11DESCRIPTIONS THAT WE HEARD COMING DOWN, SAYING THAT THEY
00:25:14WERE, YOU KNOW, THIS IS SCI FI. AND THEY COULDN'T EVEN IMAGINE.
00:25:18AND THIS GLOW, WE DIDN'T SEE THAT IN OUR COVERAGE. BUT ONCE
00:25:21THOSE IMAGES STARTED COMING DOWN
00:25:23THAT NIGHT, IT WAS MIND BLOWING
00:25:26TO SEE EXACTLY WHAT THEY'RE DESCRIBING. AND I WISH I WAS
00:25:29THERE MYSELF
00:25:32>> WELL THAT'S INCREDIBLE. I SO MISS TWO HAS JUST LAUNCHED. AND
00:25:35SO WE HAVE ARTEMIS III TO LOOK FORWARD TO. CAN YOU TELL ME HOW
00:25:38YOU'RE PREPARING FOR THAT MISSION? >> YEAH. SO ARTEMIS III IS A
00:25:41DIFFERENT TYPE OF MISSION. WE'RE NOT GOING TO BE GOING TO THE MOON. WE'RE ACTUALLY GOING TO
00:25:45BE WORKING IN EARTH ORBIT. AND
00:25:47SO THIS WILL GIVE US AN OPPORTUNITY TO TEST OUR HUMAN
00:25:51LANDING SYSTEMS, WHICH WILL BE THE SPACECRAFT THAT WE TAKE DOWN TO THE SURFACE OF THE MOON. AND
00:25:54SO WE'LL WORK TO HOPEFULLY DOCK
00:25:57WITH ONE OR BOTH OF THE HUMAN LANDING SYSTEMS. AND BUT WE'RE
00:26:00ALSO GOING TO HAVE AN OPPORTUNITY TO DO A LOT OF SCIENCE AT EARTH, BECAUSE THIS
00:26:03WILL BE A NEW, UNIQUE VIEWING
00:26:08ORIENTATION AS WELL. >> WOW, WHAT AN EXCITING FEW MILESTONES TO LOOK FORWARD TO.
00:26:11WELL, THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR JOINING US TODAY. >> THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR HAVING ME.
00:26:15>> SO IF YOU'VE JUST JOINED US, TAKE A LOOK AT THESE MAPS THAT WE'RE SHOWING YOU RIGHT NOW.
00:26:19THAT'S SHOWING THE PATH OF THE
00:26:21MOON'S SHADOW. YOU CAN SEE THAT IT'S CLOSE TO REACHING ICELAND.
00:26:25WE'RE ABOUT FIVE MINUTES AWAY FROM TOTALITY IN REYKJAVIK AND
00:26:28OVER IN SPAIN. YOU CAN SEE THAT
00:26:30WE HAVE ABOUT 45 MINUTES LEFT
00:26:32UNTIL TOTALITY REACHES THEM. SO
00:26:36THESE ARE VIEWS FROM VILLA BADO
00:26:37IN SPAIN THAT WE'RE SEEING RIGHT
00:26:40NOW. AND IF WE SWITCH BACK TO THE MAP, YOU'LL SEE THAT THE
00:26:44MOON'S SHADOW ACTUALLY LOOKS
00:26:46PRETTY SLOW AS IT'S TRAVELING ACROSS DOWN TOWARDS SPAIN, BUT
00:26:49IT'S ACTUALLY TRAVELING AT OVER
00:26:522000MPH. THESE MAPS WERE MADE BY
00:26:55MY COLLEAGUE ERNIE WRIGHT, WHO USED VARIOUS NASA SATELLITE DATA
00:26:58TO CREATE SUPER ACCURATE MAPS
00:27:00FOR US. IF YOU WANT TO VIEW AND
00:27:03DOWNLOAD THEM YOURSELVES, YOU CAN VISIT
00:27:07SCIENCE.NASA.GOV/ECLIPSES. SO
00:27:10NOW LET'S WELCOME BACK NASA
00:27:14HELIOPHYSICIST DR. KYLIE KELLY. HOW ARE YOU FEELING ABOUT TODAY'S ECLIPSE? >> I'M EXCITED FOR EVERYONE.
00:27:18AND I KNOW THOSE CLOUDS ARE A LITTLE WORRYING IN ICELAND.
00:27:21THAT'S ONE OF THE REASONS WE
00:27:22HAD THE PLANE. BUT ALSO JOYFUL
00:27:26TO SEE THE BALLOONS THAT ARE GOING TO BE LAUNCHED, AS WELL AS, AS, AS SEEING IT IN SPAIN.
00:27:29SO REALLY EXCITED. >> YES, I'M SURE THE NASA PILOTS MUST BE EXCITED AS WELL ON THE PLANE.
00:27:33>> YES, EXACTLY. IT'S A GREAT VIEW. IT REALLY IS A GREAT VIEW
00:27:36FROM THAT. >> SO HERE WE'RE SEEING A LIVE
00:27:39VIEW FROM THE WB 57 AIRCRAFT SENSOR. RIGHT NOW. THE MOMENTS
00:27:43AWAY FROM SEEING THE MOON SHADOW
00:27:45HIT EARTH AND ALSO CHASING THE
00:27:49ECLIPSE. AND THE WE HAVEN'T ACTUALLY SEEN THE VIEW OF THE
00:27:52CORONA YET FROM THE NOSE, BUT THEY WILL WILL BE CAPTURING
00:27:56IMAGES ONCE TOTALITY HITS
00:27:57ICELAND. AND ON THE RIGHT HAND
00:28:00SIDE, WE'RE SEEING A PARTIAL
00:28:02ECLIPSE FROM NORWAY, WHICH IS REALLY EXCITING. SO WE HAVE
00:28:06PLACES ACROSS EUROPE THAT WILL BE ABLE TO WITNESS A PARTIAL SOLAR ECLIPSE. THERE WILL BE
00:28:09MANY, MANY PEOPLE HERE THAT WILL
00:28:12BE ABLE TO EXPERIENCE THIS AMAZING CELESTIAL EVENT. SO
00:28:16WE'RE, LET'S SEE HOW MANY WE'RE
00:28:20ABOUT, UM, FIVE MINUTES, SIX MINUTES AWAY FROM TOTALITY IN
00:28:22ICELAND. YEAH. UM, IF WE, UH,
00:28:27WHAT DO WE EXPECT TO SEE RIGHT BEFORE TOTALITY? >> RIGHT. SO RIGHT BEFORE
00:28:31TOTALITY, WE'RE IN THAT PARTIAL ECLIPSE THAT'S GOING DEEPER AND
00:28:34DEEPER. AND YOU START TO SEE
00:28:37THINGS GO DARK. SO EVEN IF THERE ARE CLOUDS, IT'S GOING TO GET A LITTLE BIT DARKER. THE WEATHER
00:28:41IS GOING TO DROP TOO, BECAUSE AGAIN, YOU BLOCKED OUT SOME OF THE SUNLIGHT. SO YOU'RE GOING
00:28:45TO GET COOLER. THERE'S SOME WIND THAT WILL PICK UP. SO THE
00:28:47ECLIPSES ARE REALLY FULL BODY
00:28:50EXPERIENCES. YOU MIGHT ALSO NOTICE THAT ANIMALS REACT AS
00:28:54WELL. IT'S NOT JUST HUMANS THAT EXPERIENCE THIS, BUT IF THERE
00:28:58ARE ANY ANIMALS, THEY MIGHT START TO PRETEND THAT IT'S NIGHTTIME OR REALIZE IT'S
00:29:01NIGHTTIME AND, AND START TO KIND OF NEST. AND THIS IS VERY UNIQUE FOR THAT PART OF THE WORLD,
00:29:05BECAUSE RIGHT NOW, THEY'RE ON ALMOST 24 HOURS OF SUN. SO THEY
00:29:08ARE GOING TO BE A LITTLE SHOCKED BY THIS. AND SO YOU'LL BE
00:29:12EXPERIENCING A LOT OF DIFFERENT THINGS, EVEN IF YOU DON'T GET
00:29:14TO SEE THE BEAUTIFUL CORONA. >> YEAH. I'M THINKING ABOUT EVERYONE ON THE GROUND IN
00:29:18ICELAND RIGHT NOW, THAT THEY MAY
00:29:21BE SEEING CLOUDS, BUT CAN YOU TELL ME, HOW DOES THE CLIMATE
00:29:24SHIFT WHEN AN ECLIPSE HAPPENS? BECAUSE I'VE HEARD THAT THE
00:29:28WEATHER CAN CHANGE DRASTICALLY. >> DEFINITELY. SO, FROM PERSONAL
00:29:30EXPERIENCE, IN 2017, I WAS IN
00:29:33SOUTH CAROLINA, AND THERE WERE THUNDERSTORMS. AND DURING
00:29:37TOTALITY, IT STARTED JUST AROUND
00:29:39THE SUN AND WAS ABLE TO ACTUALLY FULLY ENJOY THE ECLIPSE AND SEE
00:29:42MY FIRST TOTAL. THAT WAS MY FIRST TOTAL SOLAR ECLIPSE. SO
00:29:46THERE IS HOPE THAT THOUGH, THAT THE CLOUDS ARE INFLUENCED BY
00:29:49THAT CHANGE IN DAY NIGHT, THAT THAT ECLIPSE THAT'S COMING THROUGH. SO WE'RE HOPING THAT
00:29:53SOME OF THE WINDS AND SOME OF THAT CHANGES COULD CHANGE THINGS
00:29:56FOR ICELAND.
00:29:57>> OKAY. SO WE'RE SEEING RIGHT
00:30:01NOW ON SCREEN A LIVE TELESCOPE VIEW FROM SPAIN. AND THAT'S
00:30:04BECAUSE THE TELESCOPE VIEWS IN ICELAND ARE OBSCURED BY CLOUDS.
00:30:07BUT AS KELLY MENTIONED, I'M HOPING THAT THE CLOUDS WILL PART
00:30:10AND THE WEATHER WILL CHANGE FOR THEM. ANYTHING CAN HAPPEN AT THIS POINT, RIGHT?
00:30:14>> RIGHT. ANYTHING CAN HAPPEN. AND ALSO, WE'LL TALK ABOUT A
00:30:18LITTLE LATER. BUT THE BALLOON EXPERIMENTS, THEY ARE TESTING
00:30:20THE ATMOSPHERE, THE ATMOSPHERE OF THE EARTH IS STILL BEING
00:30:24AFFECTED. EVEN IF THERE IS CLOUD COVER. AND THAT HELPS US WITH
00:30:27PREDICTING WEATHER MODELS. SO IT'S NOT JUST ABOUT THE CORONA
00:30:30SCIENCE, WHICH IS SOMETHING THAT I'M VERY PASSIONATE ABOUT, BUT IT IS ALSO ABOUT UNDERSTANDING
00:30:34OUR PLANET AND HOW IT INTERACTS WITH, INTERACTS WITH THE SUN AND
00:30:37THE LIGHT THAT WE'RE GETTING FROM IT. AND YOU SEE, OH, WE'RE
00:30:41STARTING TO SEE SOMETHING IN THE WB 57. IT'S GETTING VERY CLOSE.
00:30:45UM, THEY WERE, THEY WERE IN
00:30:47THERE. SO THAT'S OKAY. WOW.
00:30:51>> OKAY. SO EVERYONE WHO'S WATCHING RIGHT NOW, THE RIGHT
00:30:53HAND BOX, YOU WILL SEE THE LIVE
00:30:56VIEWS FROM THE WB 57 AIRCRAFT. THAT'S WHERE THE NASA PILOTS
00:31:00ARE CHASING THE ECLIPSE FROM THE
00:31:03SKIES. SO, KELLY, CAN YOU TELL
00:31:05ME WHY? WHAT ARE THE BENEFITS OF OBSERVING THE ECLIPSE FROM UP
00:31:09THERE. >> FROM OBSERVING UP THERE AT 50,000FT? WOW. OKAY, SO I'M
00:31:11LOOKING AT THESE. THESE ARE GREAT 50,000FT. YOU'RE ABLE TO
00:31:14GET ABOVE ALL THE CLOUDS. SO THEY'RE ABOVE ALL THE CLOUDS.
00:31:18AND WE'RE ABLE TO, AGAIN, ALLOW IT TO OVERTAKE US. SO THEY, THEY
00:31:21GET A FEW MORE SECONDS OF
00:31:22TOTALITY. YOU SAW THAT BEAUTIFUL
00:31:25PINK FILAMENT ON THE SUN. THAT IS THE SOMETHING THAT AMIR
00:31:28TALKED ABOUT IS THAT FILAMENT, THAT MATERIAL THAT COMES OFF THE
00:31:31SUN, THAT CAN ACTUALLY CREATE SPACE WEATHER AND AFFECT OUR
00:31:34POWER GRIDS HERE ON EARTH. IT CAN AFFECT OUR GPS. SO IF YOU
00:31:37EVER USE YOUR, YOUR MAPS TO GET ANYWHERE, THAT'S A, THAT'S
00:31:41SOMETHING THAT WE CAN, WE NEED TO UNDERSTAND AND BE ABLE TO PREDICT. IT ALSO AFFECTS OUR
00:31:46ASTRONAUTS, OUR DEAR, OUR DEAR ASTRONAUTS. SO MAKING SURE THAT THEY'RE OKAY. SO THOSE THINGS
00:31:49ARE REALLY IMPORTANT TO STUDY. AND ONE OF THE REASONS WHY WE
00:31:51HAVE THE WB 57, IT'S A LITTLE
00:31:53HARD TO SEE. BUT IN THE WORDS ON
00:31:57THE RIGHT HAND SIDE, YOU SEE
00:31:58THAT PINK FILAMENT. NOW ON THE
00:32:02WB 57 FEED WHICH IS ON THE RIGHT HAND SIDE. AND UM YEAH. SO YOU
00:32:05CAN SEE IT IN THE, THE, IN THIS AREA NOW KIND OF RIGHT IN THE
00:32:09CENTER. YOU'RE SEEING THAT PROMINENCE. AND SO THIS IS
00:32:13AMAZING DATA. AND IT MIGHT NOT LOOK AS CRISP AS WE'RE USED TO.
00:32:16YOU KNOW, WE'RE USED TO 4K DOWN
00:32:19HERE, BUT THIS IS REALLY DATA SCIENTISTS CAN LOVE BECAUSE THIS
00:32:23IS TELLING US VERY SPECIFICALLY ABOUT PART OF THE DATA. SO IT'S
00:32:26LIKE TAKING ONLY A LITTLE PART OF THE TV STREAM IN AND REALLY
00:32:30GETTING THE INFORMATION ABOUT
00:32:33THE ION OR THE OXYGEN, OR THE SPECIFIC COMPOSITION OF WHAT THAT'S MADE OF. AND IF WE KNOW
00:32:37WHAT IT'S MADE OF, WE CAN DO MORE SCIENCE WITH IT.
00:32:40>> MHM. SO WE'RE ABOUT LIKE A MINUTE AND A HALF AWAY FROM
00:32:43TOTALITY IN ICELAND. AND SO WE
00:32:46HAVE A MINUTE AND A HALF OF THE CLOUDS TO PASS. SO THE SUN VIEW
00:32:49THAT YOU'RE SEEING HERE, THAT
00:32:52IS NOT OF ICELAND, BUT THAT IS
00:32:54OF THE PARTIAL ECLIPSE IN SPAIN.
00:32:57UM, ICELAND IS STILL BEING COVERED WITH CLOUDS, BUT
00:33:01TOTALITY WILL HIT THEM IN ABOUT JUST A MINUTE OR SO. AND
00:33:05LUCKILY, OUR AIRPLANE, THE WB 57 AIRCRAFT, THEY'RE GOING TO BE
00:33:08GETTING CLEAR VIEWS OF THE ECLIPSE FROM THE SKIES. SO WE'RE
00:33:11GOING TO BE SEEING WHAT THE CAMERA ON THE ON THE NOSE OF THE
00:33:14PLANE WILL BE SEEING IN ROUGHLY
00:33:17ONE MINUTE, WHICH IS SO EXCITING. >> SO EXCITING. YES, DEFINITELY.
00:33:20AND YOU ARE STARTING TO SEE SOME
00:33:22OF THE, THE, WHAT WOULD BE A DIAMOND RING EFFECT. SO THOSE
00:33:26LITTLE PINK THINGS THAT YOU'RE
00:33:28SEEING, UH, THIS IS WHAT HAPPENS
00:33:31WHEN LIGHT PASSES THROUGH THE VALLEYS OF THE MOON. SO YOU
00:33:35DON'T HAVE A PERFECT CIRCLE IN THE MOON. IT HAS THOSE CRATERS.
00:33:38AND THERE'S THAT DIAMOND RING
00:33:39EFFECT. WOW. YEAH. SO JUST ABSOLUTELY BEAUTIFUL. AND
00:33:43THAT'S WHEN YOU STILL SHOULD HAVE YOUR, YOUR GLASSES ON. AND WHEN THAT ENDS, THAT'S WHEN
00:33:46WE'RE ABLE TO DO IT. AND I WANT TO COMMENT, THIS IS AN EXPERIMENT, RIGHT? AND SO THIS
00:33:50IS PART OF THE REASON WHY WE'RE
00:33:52SEEING KIND OF THE, THE ARROWS OR THE CROSSHAIRS GO IN AND OUT.
00:33:56WE ARE REAL TIME. THIS IS REAL
00:33:58TIME. LIVE SCIENCE HAPPENS IS
00:34:01THAT WE ARE TRYING TO MAKE SURE TO MAKE ADJUSTMENTS AND MAKE
00:34:04SURE WE'RE GETTING AN IMAGE. >> WOW. YEAH. SO WE ARE EIGHT,
00:34:08SEVEN SECONDS DOWN TO TOTALITY
00:34:09IN ICELAND. THIS IS REALLY EXCITING. WE'RE GETTING A SHOT
00:34:13OF THE BALLOONING EXPERIMENT AS WELL. THIS IS THE NATIONWIDE ECLIPSE BALLOONING PROJECT.
00:34:16THEY'VE BEEN LAUNCHING BALLOONS
00:34:19DURING FOR THE PAST 24 HOURS LEADING UP TO THIS ECLIPSE,
00:34:21WHICH IS SO EXCITING. AND I CAN SEE THAT THEY'RE GETTING REALLY
00:34:24EXCITED AS WELL. DESPITE THE
00:34:26CLOUDS, BECAUSE THEY CAN ACTUALLY STILL COLLECT DATA EVEN
00:34:30THOUGH THEY CAN'T SEE THE ECLIPSE. IS THAT RIGHT? >> EXACTLY. THEY CAN STILL COLLECT DATA. THEY ARE STILL
00:34:33EXPERIENCING A LITTLE BIT OF THAT DARKNESS. IT'S OBVIOUSLY
00:34:37DARKER. SEE, IT'S DEFINITELY DARKER, EVEN THOUGH YOU CAN'T
00:34:40SEE THE CORONA ITSELF. AND A
00:34:41LITTLE BIT LOOKS LIKE SUNSET
00:34:45AROUND THE 360 DEGREES. AND, YOU KNOW, HOPEFULLY WE'LL SEE THIS
00:34:47IN SPAIN, WHERE IT WILL BE VERY VIVID IMAGERY THERE.
00:34:51>> YEAH. SO IT LOOKS LIKE TOTALITY HAS HIT ICELAND, WHICH
00:34:54IS SO EXCITING. YOU CAN SEE THAT
00:34:57THE BALLOONING TEAM IS ENGULFED BY DARKNESS HERE. SO THAT IS SO,
00:35:00SO EXCITING. I CAN SEE THEM SMILING. YEAH. OH MY GOODNESS.
00:35:03SO WHY DO WE SEE A 360 DEGREE
00:35:07SUNSET DURING AN ECLIPSE? >> BECAUSE THERE IS LIGHT ON EITHER SIDE. IT'S JUST SIMPLY
00:35:10BLOCKING OUT IN THAT SHADOW. SO IT'S LIKE THE SUN HAS GONE DOWN
00:35:14JUST IN THAT ONE LOCATION. BUT YOU KNOW, THE REST OF THE EARTH
00:35:17IS STILL ILLUMINATED. SO YOU
00:35:19STILL HAVE. OH, WOW. THAT IS,
00:35:22THAT IS IMAGES OF THE SKY AND THE AIRPLANE. WE ARE SEEING THE AIRPLANE. >> WOW. SO WE HAVE EXPERIMENTS
00:35:26HAPPENING IN THE AIR AND ON THE
00:35:28GROUND IN ICELAND, WHICH IS SO
00:35:31EXCITING. WOW. SO, AND THEN WHAT WE'RE SEEING NOW IS THE PARTIAL ECLIPSE HAPPENING IN NORWAY.
00:35:36THEY WILL JUST BE EXPERIENCING A
00:35:38PARTIAL BIT IN ICELAND, THEY ARE EXPERIENCING TOTALITY RIGHT NOW.
00:35:41WE'VE EXPERIMENTS, BALLOONS,
00:35:42CAPTURING DATA IN THE SKIES, AND ALSO CAPTURING DATA IN THE SKIES
00:35:46AS WELL. >> YES WE DO. AND IT'S REALLY INTERESTING LOOKING AT THE SUN.
00:35:50THERE ARE SOME FEATURES, THOSE LINES THAT YOU SEE, THE DARK LINES, THOSE ARE MAGNETIC
00:35:53FEATURES. AND THOSE, AGAIN, ARE THE EXCITING THINGS WE WANT TO
00:35:57KNOW ABOUT FOR, FOR SPACE WEATHER. AND SO TO BETTER UNDERSTAND THAT, SO THE SUN HAS
00:36:00GIVEN US SOME VERY INTERESTING THINGS TO LOOK AT. AND THOSE
00:36:04EXPERIMENTS WILL REALLY, REALLY HELP US.
00:36:06>> YEAH. AND SO THIS IS WHY
00:36:09ECLIPSE OBSERVATIONS AND ECLIPSE CHASING IS SO CRITICAL, BECAUSE EVEN THOUGH THEY HAPPEN OFTEN,
00:36:13AND EVEN THOUGH WE KNOW EXACTLY WHEN THEY'RE GOING TO HAPPEN,
00:36:15YOU NEVER KNOW WHEN THE WEATHER WILL JUST OBSCURE YOUR VIEW. SO
00:36:19WE CAN, WE WANT TO TAKE EVERY OPPORTUNITY WE WANT WE CAN TO
00:36:22GET OBSERVATIONS. >> DEFINITELY.
00:36:26>> SO, OKAY, SO IF YOU WERE IN
00:36:30ICELAND AND YOU WERE EITHER SEEING CLOUDS OR YOU WERE ABLE TO SEE THE ECLIPSE, PLEASE SHARE
00:36:33YOUR EXPERIENCE WITH US. WE WANT TO KNOW WHAT YOU EXPERIENCE ON
00:36:37THE GROUND. PLEASE TAG AT NASA
00:36:39WHEREVER YOU'RE WATCHING. SO WE
00:36:42HAVE A LOT OF QUESTIONS COMING IN HERE FROM SOCIAL MEDIA. SO,
00:36:46KELLY, SHALL WE DIG INTO THESE QUESTIONS? >> YES, LET'S DIG IN.
00:36:49>> ALL RIGHTY. SO WE HAVE BO ON FACEBOOK, AND THEY ASK, ARE WE
00:36:53REALLY GOING TO LOSE GRAVITY DURING THE ECLIPSE?
00:36:56>> NO, WE ARE NOT. GRAVITY. REALLY. THE STUFF THAT STICKS US
00:37:00TO THE EARTH. THE EARTH'S MASS HAS NOT CHANGED BECAUSE OF THIS
00:37:03ECLIPSE. AND SO WE'RE GOING TO STAY GROUNDED ON THIS EARTH. >> OKAY? NOTED. GRAVITY WILL NOT
00:37:07CHANGE. CHANGE. OKAY, SO WE HAVE ANOTHER QUESTION FROM X. AND
00:37:11THEY ASK, HOW MUCH CAN WE
00:37:13ACTUALLY LEARN ABOUT THE SUN DURING JUST A FEW MINUTES OF
00:37:16TOTALITY, COMPARED TO YEARS OF NORMAL OBSERVATIONS?
00:37:20>> THIS IS IT'S REALLY ABOUT HAVING ALL OF THE OBSERVATIONS,
00:37:23RIGHT? WE DEFINITELY NEED THAT TOTALITY BECAUSE THE MOON JUST
00:37:27HAPPENS TO FIT SO PERFECTLY OVER THE SURFACE OF THE SUN THAT WE
00:37:30CAN SEE FROM THAT SURFACE OUTWARD FOR THAT SPACEX WEATHER.
00:37:34WHEREAS SOME OF OUR INSTRUMENTS AREN'T QUITE THAT, THAT CLOSE
00:37:36IN. SO WE NEED TO KNIT THEM TOGETHER AND USE BOTH, BOTH THE,
00:37:39THE COUPLE OF MINUTES FROM THE
00:37:41ECLIPSE, AS WELL AS THE YEARS OF OBSERVATIONS FROM OUR NASA SATELLITES.
00:37:45>> OKAY, WELL, I'M GLAD THAT WE
00:37:47HAVE BOTH WAYS OF GETTING OBSERVATIONS. >> EXACTLY.
00:37:50>> UM, SO WE HAVE ANOTHER QUESTION HERE FROM ELENA ON
00:37:53YOUTUBE. AND THEY ASKED, WHY DOES THE WEATHER CHANGE IN A
00:37:57SOLAR ECLIPSE? >> THAT'S A GOOD QUESTION. AND I THINK THAT'S SOMETHING STILL
00:38:01TRYING TO BE UNDERSTOOD. BUT IF YOU IMAGINE YOU'VE HEATED,
00:38:04YOU'VE STOPPED HEATING
00:38:06SOMETHING UP TEMPORARILY. SO THINGS SINK, RIGHT? WHEN THINGS GET COLD, THEY TEND TO SINK. AND
00:38:10SO THE AIR IS MOVING AND IT STARTS TO CREATE WINDS. AND WHEN
00:38:13YOU CREATE WINDS, YOU START TO
00:38:15COOL THINGS DOWN. SO THE WEATHER CHANGES DUE TO JUST TURNING ON
00:38:19AND OFF THE LIGHT ALONE. UM, BECAUSE THE SUN IS SO IMPORTANT
00:38:23TO US AND ACTUALLY REGULATING OUR WEATHER.
00:38:26>> WOW. OKAY, SO WE HAVE ANOTHER QUESTION HERE FROM FRANK PEREZ
00:38:30ON X. AND THEY ASK FOR SENDING TEAMS TO DO RESEARCH IN THE PATH
00:38:33OF TOTALITY. HOW DO YOU BALANCE
00:38:37THE CREW TRAINING VALUE OF ICELAND'S TERRAIN AGAINST THE STATISTICAL ODDS OF CLEAR SKIES
00:38:41IN SPAIN? >> AND WE DEFINITELY ADDRESSED
00:38:44BOTH, RIGHT? THERE WERE THERE ARE GREAT THINGS TO DO WITH THE
00:38:47ATMOSPHERIC WORK, ESPECIALLY IN THE IN THE ARCTIC AREAS FOR, FOR
00:38:51THE BALLOONS THAT WE SENT TO
00:38:53ICELAND. AND THEN WE HAD A TEAM AND WE HAVE TEAMS IN SPAIN ALSO
00:38:56DOING THAT. SO IT WAS A, IT WAS A BALANCED PORTFOLIO. WE MADE
00:39:00SURE THAT WE HAD BOTH TYPES OF EXPERIMENTS AVAILABLE.
00:39:04>> OKAY. THANK YOU SO MUCH. SO KEEP YOUR QUESTIONS COMING IN. WE'LL BE ANSWERING MORE LATER
00:39:07ON IN THE SHOW. AND SO EARLIER,
00:39:10I ALSO MENTIONED THAT WE HAD QUESTIONS FOR YOU, THE VIEWERS
00:39:13AS WELL. YOU CAN HEAD OVER TO NASA'S TWITTER AND INSTAGRAM TO
00:39:16WEIGH IN ON A COUPLE OF THOSE.
00:39:19SO HERE ARE A, HERE ARE SOME OF THESE QUESTIONS THAT WE POSED TO
00:39:22YOU. SO, KELLY, LET'S SEE WHAT THOSE QUESTIONS ARE. SO IF YOU
00:39:26HAD TO PICK WHERE YOU WOULD
00:39:27WATCH THE ECLIPSE FROM OUT OF
00:39:30THESE SPECIAL LOCATIONS LISTED, I'M GOING TO ASK YOU THIS, KELLY, WHICH ONES WOULD YOU
00:39:34CHOOSE? SO WE HAVE THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION, A
00:39:38HIGH ALTITUDE PLANE, AN
00:39:40OBSERVATION, AN OBSERVATORY TELESCOPE ROOM, AND A NASA CHASE JET.
00:39:44>> UM, IT WOULD BE A TOUGH CHOICE BETWEEN INTERNATIONAL
00:39:47SPACE STATION OR HIGH ALTITUDE PLANE. THEY'VE GOT SUCH A HUGE OVERVIEW. IT'S GREAT.
00:39:51>> YEAH, I THINK I WOULD CHOOSE
00:39:52THE SAME TOO. SO THANK YOU TO
00:39:57EVERYONE WHO HAS PARTICIPATED SO FAR. WE'RE GOING TO CHECK BACK INTO THOSE RESULTS A LITTLE BIT
00:40:00LATER ON. SO NEXT LET'S HEAD
00:40:04BACK TO THE GROUND IN ICELAND. WE HAVE ANOTHER NASA FUNDED
00:40:08EXPERIMENT THERE INVOLVING BALLOONS, STUDENTS THAT ARE PART
00:40:11OF THE NATIONWIDE ECLIPSE BALLOONING PROJECT. THEY'VE BEEN
00:40:15LAUNCHING BALLOONS CONTINUOUSLY THROUGHOUT THE ECLIPSE, AND WE'RE GOING TO BE CHATTING WITH
00:40:17THEM LIVE FROM ICELAND SHORTLY. BUT FIRST, LET'S LEARN MORE
00:40:21ABOUT THEIR ECLIPSE PROJECT
00:40:26>> TEAMS OF STUDENTS FROM ACROSS THE UNITED STATES HAVE A UNIQUE
00:40:29VANTAGE POINT OF TOTAL SOLAR
00:40:31ECLIPSES. THANKS TO SCIENTIFIC BALLOONS.
00:40:34>> THE NATIONWIDE ECLIPSE
00:40:36BALLOONING PROJECT IS A NASA MISSION LIKE ADVENTURE AND
00:40:40COLLECTING DATA FROM BALLOONS THAT GO HIGH UP INTO THE
00:40:43ATMOSPHERE.
00:40:45>> STARTED IN 2014, THE PROJECT ENGAGES COLLEGE STUDENTS AND HIGH SCHOOLERS IN ONE OF TWO
00:40:49DISTINCT PATHS. >> ONE IS THE ENGINEERING TRACK
00:40:52THAT HAS MOSTLY ENGINEERING
00:40:54STUDENTS THAT GET TO TINKER ON DIFFERENT PAYLOADS, AND THE
00:40:57OTHER TRACK IS AN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCE TRACK, WHERE THEY'LL
00:41:01ACTUALLY BE LAUNCHING WEATHER SENSORS TO STUDY THE IMPACT OF
00:41:03THE ECLIPSE >> ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCE TEAMS
00:41:07LAUNCH HELIUM FILLED WEATHER BALLOONS, THE SAME AS THOSE USED
00:41:10BY THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE. EVERY HOUR FOR HOURS BEFORE AND
00:41:14AFTER AN ECLIPSE. ENGINEERING
00:41:17TEAMS FLY LARGER BALLOONS LADEN WITH CAMERAS AND EXPERIMENTS.
00:41:20THEY BUILD THEMSELVES 100 ZERO ZERO ZERO FEET UP INTO THE
00:41:24STRATOSPHERE. FROM THERE, THEY STUDY A VARIETY OF THINGS, SUCH
00:41:26AS INCOMING COSMIC RADIATION AND
00:41:28OZONE LEVELS, AS WELL AS OFFERING DRAMATIC VIEWS OF THE
00:41:32MOON'S SHADOW ON OUR PLANET.
00:41:35>> THE PROJECT IS REALLY A UNIQUE ONE, IN THAT IT'S BOTH
00:41:38AN EDUCATION, BUT ALSO DOING
00:41:41AMAZING SCIENCE. THAT'S BOTH ABOUT THE ECLIPSE ITSELF AND
00:41:45ALSO THE ATMOSPHERIC RESPONSE OF THE ECLIPSE.
00:41:47>> STUDENT BALLOON TEAMS MADE A HISTORIC FIRST DURING THE 2019
00:41:51ECLIPSE. THEY MEASURED ECLIPSE
00:41:54DRIVEN ATMOSPHERIC GRAVITY WAVES IN EARTH'S STRATOSPHERE, OR
00:41:57LARGE RIPPLES IN THE AIR CAUSED BY THE TEMPORARY COOLING DUE TO
00:42:00THE DROP IN SUNLIGHT. >> WHAT EXCITES ME THE MOST
00:42:04ABOUT THIS PROJECT IS THINKING ABOUT THE EXPERIENCES THAT THE
00:42:08STUDENTS HAVE THAT THEY'LL
00:42:11REMEMBER FOREVER.
00:42:12>> [APPLAUSE]
00:42:18>> THIS IS NOT. >> TALKING TO US. LIVE FROM MOSFELLSBAER IN ICELAND. WE HAVE
00:42:22JARED AND TESSA, WHO ARE PART OF THE NATIONWIDE ECLIPSE
00:42:25BALLOONING PROJECT. JARED AND TESSA, THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR
00:42:28JOINING US. I KNOW YOU JUST EXPERIENCED THE TOTAL ECLIPSE IN
00:42:32ICELAND. HOW WAS THAT FOR YOU? >> WELL.
00:42:35>> IT WAS AWESOME. I MEAN, IT'S DEFINITELY CLOUDY HERE, WHICH IS
00:42:38A SHAME. BUT WE SAW THE LIGHTS DIM. IT WAS ALMOST AS IF YOU
00:42:42WERE INDOORS AND IT WAS JUST YOU WERE DIMMING THE LIGHTS. IT WAS
00:42:44ALMOST INSTANT, WHICH IS, I'VE NEVER BEEN IN THE PATH OF
00:42:48TOTALITY BEFORE, SO I'VE NEVER SEEN ANYTHING LIKE THAT. SO IT WAS, IT WAS REALLY AMAZING.
00:42:51>> YEAH. THE WIND TOTALLY STOPPED IT. LIKE IT WAS WINDY.
00:42:54AND THEN IT JUST STOPPED THE BIRDS. WE HAD BIRDS FLYING OVER
00:42:58US ALL DAY, AND THEN THEY JUST
00:43:01DISAPPEARED. SO IT WAS A LITTLE EERIE, KIND OF CREEPY. WOW.
00:43:05>> THAT'S AMAZING. I'M SO GLAD THAT YOU COULD EXPERIENCE THAT, EVEN THOUGH, YOU KNOW, YOU HAD
00:43:08CLOUDY SKIES. SO TELL ME MORE ABOUT WHAT YOU'VE BEEN DOING. I
00:43:11SEE YOU'VE GOT BALLOONS LAUNCHING IN THE BACKGROUND.
00:43:14WHAT ARE YOU MEASURING WITH THE
00:43:18BALLOONS IN ICELAND? >> SO WE HAVE BALLOONS THAT ARE MEASURING A LOT OF DIFFERENT
00:43:22THINGS LIKE TEMPERATURE, PRESSURE, HUMIDITY, WIND DIRECTION, AND SPEED. AND THIS
00:43:26IS SUPPOSED TO GATHER THE ATMOSPHERIC CHANGES DURING THE
00:43:29ECLIPSE. SO NORMALLY DURING THE DAY, AIR RISES UNTIL IT HITS
00:43:32LESS DENSE AIR. AND THIS IS CALLED THE BOUNDARY LAYER. BUT DURING NIGHTTIME, WHEN THE SUN
00:43:35IS DOWN, THIS AIR STOPS. AND IT'S CALLED BOUNDARY LAYER
00:43:40COLLAPSE. SO THAT'S EXACTLY THE SAME THING THAT HAPPENS DURING
00:43:42THE ECLIPSE. AND WE'RE USING
00:43:44THESE RADIO SIGNS TO MEASURE THE ATMOSPHERIC CHANGES. THE
00:43:48BOUNDARY LAYER COLLAPSE, AND THEN THE RECOVERY. AND WE'RE IN
00:43:52ICELAND, NOT JUST BECAUSE IT'S
00:43:53IN THE PATH OF TOTALITY, BUT ALSO ITS NORTHERN LATITUDE, AND
00:43:57ITS SHORTER NIGHTS MAKE A COMPLETELY DIFFERENT BOUNDARY LAYER. SO IT'S BEEN A REALLY
00:44:01COOL OPPORTUNITY TO BE ABLE TO STUDY THAT UNDER THE ECLIPSE.
00:44:03UNDER THIS UNIQUE CONDITIONS. >> SO YOU'RE BOTH COLLEGE
00:44:07STUDENTS RIGHT NOW. HOW LONG HAVE YOU BEEN PART OF THE PROJECT, AND WHAT MADE YOU WANT
00:44:10TO JOIN THE PROJECT?
00:44:15>> WE STARTED THIS PROJECT AT
00:44:17THE BEGINNING OF JUNE. UH, SO
00:44:20WE'VE BEEN WORKING WITH OUR TEAMS, RESPECTIVE TEAMS, UM,
00:44:23TESSA AT THE UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY. AND THEN MY TEAM MADE
00:44:26UP OF STUDENTS FROM ACROSS
00:44:30IDAHO. AND, UH, WE'VE BEEN MEETING ONCE A WEEK DOING
00:44:32BALLOON LAUNCHES, PREPARING AND,
00:44:36UH, REALLY WHAT GOT ME INTO IT
00:44:38WAS MY BALLOONING CLUB THAT WE HAVE AT THE UNIVERSITY OF IDAHO.
00:44:42AND, UM, WE ALL JUST, YOU KNOW, WE LOVE THE SCIENCE, WE LOVE THE
00:44:46TEAMWORK, THE TEAM BUILDING, AND, UM, SO IT'S BEEN A LOT OF FUN.
00:44:50>> THAT'S GREAT. AND SO DO YOU HAVE ANY TIPS FOR STUDENTS WHO
00:44:53ARE THINKING ABOUT JOINING?
00:44:56>> YEAH. SO MY BIGGEST TIP WOULD
00:45:00BE TO GET INVOLVED. THAT WAS HOW I LEARNED ABOUT THIS PROJECT WAS
00:45:04THROUGH MY CLUB. UH, THE PROFESSOR, UH, CAME TO US AND
00:45:07WAS LIKE, HEY, THERE'S THIS REALLY COOL OPPORTUNITY. UM, AND
00:45:11SO YOU GUYS SHOULD PUT AN
00:45:13APPLICATION IN. AND THEN ALSO JUST, YOU KNOW, WHAT, IF YOU
00:45:16HAVE INTERNSHIP OPPORTUNITIES
00:45:17AND YOU SEE THOSE, YOU KNOW, JUST PUT AN APPLICATION IN, UH,
00:45:21YOU NEVER KNOW WHAT OPPORTUNITY YOU COULD GET.
00:45:25>> AND THEN ALSO, I WOULD SAY, IF YOU HAVE A CLASS THAT YOU'RE REALLY INTERESTED IN, JUST TALK
00:45:29TO THE PROFESSOR, SEE IF THEY HAVE NEED ANY HELP ON THE
00:45:31RESEARCH, BECAUSE, UM, IT REALLY
00:45:33GIVES YOU A GOOD OPPORTUNITY TO APPLY YOUR CLASSROOM KNOWLEDGE
00:45:37TO REAL LIFE SCENARIOS, WHICH YOU DON'T USUALLY GET IN THE CLASSROOM. AND YOU ALSO NEVER
00:45:40KNOW WHAT OPPORTUNITIES WILL ARISE, LIKE GOING OUTSIDE THE COUNTRY FOR THE FIRST TIME, LIKE
00:45:44I'M DOING RIGHT NOW. >> SO YEAH. OH, WOW. THAT'S AMAZING. WELL, BEST OF LUCK. I
00:45:47KNOW YOU'RE LAUNCHING CONTINUOUSLY AFTER THE ECLIPSE
00:45:51AS WELL. SO THANK YOU SO MUCH
00:45:53FOR JOINING ME. TESSA AND JARED.
00:45:56>> THANK YOU. >> SO THE NATIONWIDE ECLIPSE
00:46:00BALLOONING PROJECT ARE ALSO LAUNCHING BALLOONS IN SPAIN, AS
00:46:03WELL AS ICELAND. AND I CAN'T WAIT TO SEE THEIR OBSERVATIONS.
00:46:07SO IF WE HEAD BACK TO THE MAP,
00:46:08THE MOON'S SHADOW IS HEADING
00:46:13TOWARDS SPAIN RIGHT NOW, AND WE'RE ROUGHLY HALF AN HOUR AWAY FROM TOTALITY IN LEON, SPAIN.
00:46:17FOR THIS ECLIPSE. THE MOON'S
00:46:21SHADOW IS ROUGHLY 182 MILES
00:46:25WIDE, AT ITS MAXIMUM WIDTH, AND
00:46:26IT'S TRAVELING AT OVER 2000MPH.
00:46:30AND SO HERE WE'RE SEEING ECLIPSE VIEWS AS WELL IN THE BOTTOM CORNER IN LEON, SPAIN.
00:46:33AND YOU CAN SEE THE LITTLE BITE THAT THE MOON HAS TAKEN OUT OF
00:46:37THE SUN. AND WE CAN'T WAIT TO SEE TOTALITY THERE. IT LOOKS LIKE THEY HAVE CLEAR SKIES,
00:46:41WHICH IS AWESOME. AND SO, UM, IF
00:46:46YOU ARE WATCHING THE SOLAR
00:46:48ECLIPSE FROM THE GROUND, REMEMBER TO WEAR SAFE SOLAR
00:46:52VIEWING GLASSES OR ECLIPSE GLASSES, LIKE THESE ONES HERE.
00:46:55THE ONLY TIME YOU CAN TAKE THEM OFF IS DURING TOTALITY WHEN
00:46:59YOU'RE EXPERIENCING IT. IF YOU'RE WATCHING THE PARTIAL
00:47:02ECLIPSE IN THE UNITED STATES, YOU CAN WEAR ECLIPSE GLASSES THE
00:47:05ENTIRE TIME. IF YOU WANT TO
00:47:07LEARN MORE ABOUT ECLIPSE SAFETY,
00:47:10HEAD TO SCIENCE.NASA.GOV SLASH
00:47:14ECLIPSES. SO TOTAL SOLAR ECLIPSES GIVE US A CHANCE TO
00:47:18STUDY THE SUN'S CORONA IN GREATER DETAIL, WHICH HELPS US
00:47:21LEARN ABOUT HOW IT BEHAVES AND AFFECTS US HERE ON EARTH. THE
00:47:25SUN IS HIGHLY DYNAMIC AND CREATES CONDITIONS IN SPACE
00:47:28CALLED SPACE WEATHER THAT CAN AFFECT OUR TECHNOLOGY FROM GPS
00:47:32SYSTEMS AND COMMUNICATION
00:47:35SATELLITES AND AIRPLANES, AND EVEN OUR POWER GRIDS ON THE
00:47:39GROUND. BUT IN ORDER TO BETTER UNDERSTAND IT, WE HAVE A SUITE OF SPACECRAFT THAT ARE MONITORING THE SUN FROM
00:47:43DIFFERENT VANTAGE POINTS AROUND THE CLOCK. SO LET'S LEARN MORE
00:47:46ABOUT NASA'S SPACE WEATHER
00:47:50PROGRAM.
00:47:54>> ACROSS OUR PLANET, BILLIONS
00:47:56OF PEOPLE DEPEND ON THE INVISIBLE NETWORKS THAT CONNECT
00:47:59US TO SPACE. EVERY DAY. THOSE
00:48:04NETWORKS ARE AT THE MERCY OF OUR TEMPERAMENTAL SUN AND THE SPACE
00:48:07WEATHER THAT IT UNLEASHES ACROSS
00:48:10OUR SOLAR SYSTEM. THAT'S WHY
00:48:12NASA'S SPACE WEATHER PROGRAM TRACKS SOLAR STORMS FROM THE
00:48:15MOMENT THEY ERUPT. MODELING
00:48:19THEIR PATHS, ANTICIPATING THEIR IMPACTS, AND LEADING THE
00:48:22RESEARCH THAT THE WORLD'S
00:48:26INDUSTRIES RELY ON. NASA'S SPACE WEATHER RESEARCH AND
00:48:28MODELING IS DRIVEN BY THE NEEDS
00:48:32OF SOCIETY AND ENABLES CRITICAL DECISION MAKING THAT EQUIPS
00:48:34PILOTS TO REROUTE AROUND HIGH
00:48:37RADIATION AREAS. FARMERS TO ADJUST GPS BASED PRECISION
00:48:40PLANTING AND HARVESTING PLANS,
00:48:43AND POWER GRID OPERATORS TO
00:48:45MITIGATE THE IMPACTS OF
00:48:47POTENTIAL SURGES. FOR THOSE
00:48:50EXPLORING OTHER WORLDS, NASA
00:48:53PROVIDES 24 SEVEN SPACE WEATHER MONITORING FOR ARTEMIS CRUZ AT THE MOON AND FUTURE MARS
00:48:57ASTRONAUTS WHO MAY BE EXPOSED TO
00:48:59DANGEROUS LEVELS OF RADIATION
00:49:02DURING SOLAR STORMS. WHETHER
00:49:03YOU'RE A PILOT OR A PASSENGER,
00:49:07A FARMER, OR A CONSUMER, A POWER GRID OPERATOR OR ENERGY
00:49:11CUSTOMER, A SATELLITE CONTROLLER
00:49:12OR GPS USER, SPACE WEATHER
00:49:15IMPACTS US ALL.
00:49:22>> IF YOU'RE JUST JOINING US,
00:49:24WELCOME TO NASA'S LIVE COVERAGE OF TODAY'S TOTAL SOLAR ECLIPSE.
00:49:28WE'RE ROUGHLY ABOUT 24, 25 MINUTES AWAY FROM HOPEFULLY
00:49:31SEEING THE FIRST INSTANCE OF TOTALITY IN SPAIN. SO STAY TUNED
00:49:35FOR THAT EXCITING MOMENT. AND SO
00:49:37JOINING ME IN THE STUDIO NOW IS
00:49:40ONE OF NASA'S SPACE WEATHER ANALYSTS, KARINA ZELDIN. KARINA,
00:49:44THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR JOINING ME. >> THANKS FOR HAVING ME. >> SO YOUR ROLE INVOLVES
00:49:47MONITORING THE SUN IN REAL TIME.
00:49:50CAN YOU TALK A LITTLE BIT ABOUT WHAT YOU DO? >> YES, OF COURSE. SO WHAT WE DO
00:49:54IS WE BASICALLY OBSERVE, MODEL,
00:49:57ANALYZE, AND THEN WE DOCUMENT IT. AND SO WHAT WE'RE OBSERVING
00:50:01IS USUALLY THOSE CORONAL MASS EJECTIONS, OR AS I LOVINGLY LIKE
00:50:04TO CALL THEM, SUN BURPS. AND
00:50:08WE'RE MEASURING THOSE SEEING WHERE THEY GO. AND THEN WE'RE MODELING THEM TO SEE WHAT NASA
00:50:11MISSIONS ARE. POSSIBLE PLANETS, THEY IMPACT. AND THEN FROM
00:50:14THERE, WE'RE DOCUMENTING IT AND NOTIFYING NASA MISSIONS ABOUT
00:50:18POTENTIAL IMPACTS. >> AND SO WE JUST LEARNED A
00:50:20LITTLE BIT ABOUT NASA'S SPACE
00:50:22WEATHER PROGRAM. HOW DOES MONITORING SPACE WEATHER AFFECT THE EVERYDAY PERSON?
00:50:26>> YEAH. SO MOST OF THE TIME, THE EVERYDAY PERSON IS GOING TO
00:50:30SEE IT IN TERMS OF NORTHERN
00:50:33LIGHTS. BUT WHAT WE DO ALSO SEE IS SOME OF THAT IMPACT TO THE GPS AS YOU'RE NAVIGATING.
00:50:37SOMETIMES IT WILL BE A LITTLE WONKY AND YOU DON'T REALLY KNOW
00:50:39WHY, BUT THAT COULD POSSIBLY BE DUE TO SOME SOLAR STORMING
00:50:42HAPPENING. AND THEN WE MAY ALSO SEE SOME IMPACTS TO AGRICULTURAL
00:50:46FOLKS WHO ARE USING TRACTOR PRECISION FARMING.
00:50:49>> AND SO, BACK IN 2024, WE SAW
00:50:54THESE HUGE SOLAR STORMS. CAN YOU TELL US HOW THAT STORM AFFECTED
00:50:58EARTH? AND IF WE HAD TO MITIGATE ANY OF THESE EFFECTS? >> YES. SO ALONG WITH NOAA'S
00:51:01SPACE WEATHER PREDICTION CENTER, WE DID HAVE TO DO SOME MITIGATION. BUT HONESTLY, MY
00:51:05FAVORITE PART WAS SEEING THE NORTHERN LIGHTS. AND SO 2024 IS
00:51:08WHEN I FIRST GOT TO SEE THE NORTHERN LIGHTS. I SAW THEM IN
00:51:11AUGUST. AND THEN YOU'RE SEEING A PICTURE THAT I TOOK ON MY PHONE,
00:51:15UM, WHERE WE SAW THEM HERE IN MARYLAND, WHICH WAS ABSOLUTELY
00:51:17INCREDIBLE. AND YOU CAN SEE A PICTURE OF THE TEAM THAT I WORK
00:51:21WITH, THE MOON TO MARS, SPACE WEATHER ANALYSIS OFFICE, ALONG
00:51:24WITH SOME OF THE HELIO COMMS FOLKS, WHERE WE GOT TO SEE IT
00:51:27DOWN HERE IN MARYLAND, WHICH IS ABSOLUTELY INCREDIBLE.
00:51:31>> AMAZING. AND SO I KNOW THAT YOU'RE ALSO PART OF THE TEAM
00:51:33THAT MONITORS SPACE WEATHER 24/7 DURING THE ARTEMIS II MISSION,
00:51:37WHEN WE FLEW ASTRONAUTS AROUND THE MOON. WHAT WAS THAT
00:51:40EXPERIENCE LIKE?
00:51:43>> SURREAL. I MEAN, IT'S VERY
00:51:45ODD TO BE STARING SAFELY AT THE SUN VIA SATELLITE IMAGERY, BUT
00:51:49NOT SEE IT IN PERSON FOR AN EXTENDED PERIOD OF TIME. UH,
00:51:52BECAUSE I WAS WORKING THE OVERNIGHTS. BUT IT WAS
00:51:55INCREDIBLE. AND I LOVED SEEING THE SOLAR ECLIPSE FROM SPACE. I
00:51:59THINK IF I WERE TO DO IT, I'D
00:52:01WANT TO BE ONE OF THOSE ASTRONAUTS. >> ABSOLUTELY. WELL, THANK YOU
00:52:05SO MUCH FOR JOINING US, KARINA. >> THANK YOU.
00:52:08>> SO NEXT, LET'S HEAR FROM NASA ADMINISTRATOR JARED ISAACMAN AND
00:52:11HEAD OF NASA SCIENCE, NICKY FOX.
00:52:15MY COLLEAGUE JASMINE HOPKINS CAUGHT UP WITH THEM A FEW DAYS AGO TO TALK ABOUT WHY THIS
00:52:18CELESTIAL EVENT IS SO IMPORTANT AND WHAT THE 2026 ECLIPSE CAN
00:52:22TEACH US ABOUT THE SUN.
00:52:25>> TODAY. I'M THRILLED TO TALK ALL THINGS ECLIPSE WITH NASA
00:52:29ADMINISTRATOR JARED ISAACMAN, WHO IS LEADING OUR VISION BEHIND
00:52:32SCIENCE AND WHY ECLIPSES ARE SO
00:52:35IMPORTANT. AND DR. NICKY FOX, FROM OUR SCIENCE MISSION DIRECTORATE, WHO WILL TELL US
00:52:38WHAT EXACTLY IS GOING ON WITH THE SUN DURING AN ECLIPSE? ARE
00:52:41YOU GUYS READY TO TALK? ABSOLUTELY. OKAY, FANTASTIC. OUR
00:52:45OPENING QUESTION IS FOR BOTH OF YOU. JUST A COUPLE MONTHS AGO,
00:52:49WE WRAPPED UP THE HISTORIC ARTEMIS II MISSION, AND NOW
00:52:52WE'RE ON THE CUSP OF A TOTAL SOLAR ECLIPSE. CAN YOU DESCRIBE,
00:52:55IN ONE WORD HOW YOU'RE FEELING RIGHT NOW? EXCITED.
00:52:58>> HE TOOK MY WORD. OH, EXCITED
00:53:02IS THE RIGHT WORD. BECAUSE WHEN
00:53:04YOU SAW THAT TOTAL SOLAR ECLIPSE
00:53:06FROM ARTEMIS II, IT WAS SO
00:53:10SPECTACULAR AND NOBODY WAS READY FOR IT. EVEN PEOPLE WHO SEE
00:53:13TOTAL SOLAR ECLIPSES ALL THE TIME. AND SO WHEN YOU SAW THAT,
00:53:15IT JUST BROUGHT THE BEAUTY OF
00:53:19SPACE AND THE BEAUTY OF THE SCIENCE WE DO INTO SUCH CLARITY. >> I THINK MATH IS ONE OF THE
00:53:22ONLY PLACES WHERE WE CAN SEE A
00:53:24SOLAR ECLIPSE FROM DOWN HERE ON EARTH, AND THEN FROM THE OTHER SIDE OF THE MOON.
00:53:28>> WE STUDY THE SUN ALL THE TIME. IT'S ONE OF OUR MAIN
00:53:32THINGS THAT WE STUDY IN NASA SCIENCE. WE LOOK AT IT IN ALL DIFFERENT WAVELENGTHS. WE LOOK
00:53:35AT IT FROM ALL DIFFERENT VANTAGE POINTS TO BE ABLE TO PREDICT
00:53:38WHEN THESE REALLY LARGE RADIATION STORMS ARE GOING TO
00:53:41COME TOWARDS OUR PLANET, BECAUSE WE WANT TO MAKE SURE OUR
00:53:44ASTRONAUTS ARE SAFE. THE ECLIPSE JUST GIVES US EVEN MORE
00:53:48OPPORTUNITY TO STUDY THAT SUN JUST A LITTLE BIT MORE, TO
00:53:51REALLY MAKE THOSE BIG BREAKTHROUGHS, TO KEEP OUR ASTRONAUTS SAFE.
00:53:54>> ALL RIGHT. NEXT IS FOR BOTH OF YOU. IF YOU COULD WITNESS A
00:53:57SOLAR ECLIPSE FROM ANYWHERE ON
00:54:01EARTH, WHERE WOULD YOU CHOOSE? >> ANYWHERE THAT DOESN'T HAVE
00:54:05CLOUDS HAVING BEEN CLOUDED OUT FOR THE LAST ECLIPSE? I WILL SAY
00:54:07I WILL GO ANYWHERE THAT THERE'S NO CLOUDS. >> LOOK, ICELAND IS VERY COOL IN
00:54:11SPAIN. A LOT OF THE OBSERVATION
00:54:13LOCATIONS FOR THIS ONE, BUT IN
00:54:15EGYPT, IN THE VALLEY OF THE KINGS, IS GOING TO BE AN AMAZING
00:54:19BACKDROP. >> AND THAT IS GOING TO BE THE
00:54:23LONGEST TOTAL SOLAR ECLIPSE OF
00:54:24THE 21st CENTURY. IT IS OVER SIX
00:54:27MINUTES TO STAND IN SOMEWHERE
00:54:28ANCIENT. IS PARTICULARLY MOVING
00:54:33>> ONE THING YOU WANT PEOPLE TO WALK AWAY UNDERSTANDING ABOUT?
00:54:37WHY STUDYING ECLIPSES MATTERS? >> I THINK THESE KIND OF MAGICAL
00:54:40EVENTS I WOULD VERY MUCH
00:54:43DESCRIBE ECLIPSES AS A MAGICAL EVENT. MAYBE CREATES A SPARK,
00:54:46AND WHO KNOWS HOW MANY PEOPLE AROUND THE WORLD LOOK UP,
00:54:50IMAGINE WHAT'S POSSIBLE, AND THEN GROW UP AND START CONTRIBUTING IN THIS GREAT
00:54:54ADVENTURE THAT WE'RE ON.
00:54:56>> REMEMBER THAT EINSTEIN CONFIRMED HIS THEORY OF
00:55:00>> [MUSIC] >> RELATIVITY USING AN ECLIPSE
00:55:02>> [MUSIC]
00:55:07>> ECLIPSES ARE VERY POWERFUL. YOU SEE STARS, YOU SEE CONSTELLATIONS. YOU SEE PLANETS
00:55:10THAT YOU DON'T NORMALLY SEE. IT KIND OF REMINDS YOU OF OUR PLACE
00:55:13IN THE UNIVERSE. >> WHY DO WE STILL CARE SO MUCH ABOUT THE SUN? WHAT? IS THERE
00:55:17ANYTHING NEW WE CAN LEARN ABOUT IT? >> THERE'S ALWAYS NEW STUFF TO
00:55:21LEARN ABOUT THE SUN. IT IS OUR STAR, BUT IT'S THE ONLY STAR WE
00:55:24KNOW RIGHT NOW THAT HAS THE
00:55:28RESPONSIBILITY FOR MAINTAINING LIFE ON A PLANET. AND AS WE SORT OF CONTINUE TO TRY AND ANSWER
00:55:30THE QUESTION OF, ARE WE ALONE IN
00:55:33THE UNIVERSE? UNDERSTANDING OUR RELATIONSHIP WITH OUR SUN IS SO
00:55:37IMPORTANT, AND ECLIPSES GIVE US THAT OPPORTUNITY TO DO THAT. IT
00:55:40IS HONESTLY THE ONLY TIME THAT
00:55:42WE CAN REALLY OBSERVE SOME OF THE PHENOMENA, PARTICULARLY DOWN
00:55:45LOW IN THE CHROMOSPHERE, REALLY LOOKING AT HOW THE CORONA TURNS
00:55:49INTO THE SOLAR WIND, IT BATHES
00:55:52ALL OF THE PLANETS, BUT WE LIVE
00:55:54IN THE ATMOSPHERE OF THE SUN. SO WHEN WE GET THESE BIG EVENTS,
00:55:57THEY CAN CAUSE HAVOC FOR TECHNOLOGY HERE. AND OF COURSE,
00:56:01OUR PRIME THING, KEEPING OUR ASTRONAUTS SAFE IN SPACE. SO
00:56:04UNDERSTANDING OUR SUN IS, IS MORE CRITICAL TODAY THAN EVER. >> THANK YOU BOTH SO MUCH FOR
00:56:08BEING HERE TODAY. REALLY APPRECIATE IT.
00:56:10>> THANK YOU
00:56:14>> THANK YOU TO OUR NASA ADMINISTRATOR, JARED ISAACMAN,
00:56:18AND HEAD OF NASA SCIENCE, NIKKI
00:56:21FOX. LET'S HEAD BACK TO EARTH RIGHT NOW. WHO IS GOING TO DIVE
00:56:24INTO OUR ECLIPSE MAPS AND WHERE
00:56:25THE ECLIPSE IS HEADING NEXT?
00:56:29>> THANKS, JOY. IT'S SO EXCITING FOR ME TO WATCH THIS ECLIPSE
00:56:32PROGRESS. I MEAN, WE CAN PREDICT
00:56:34THESE, BUT YOU REALLY CAN'T ANTICIPATE HOW YOU FEEL ABOUT
00:56:38THEM UNTIL YOU SEE THEM. SO I'M STANDING IN FRONT OF THE ECLIPSE
00:56:41MAP. AND JUST TO RECAP, UM, THIS
00:56:44RED STRIPE IS THE PATH OF TOTALITY. THOSE ARE ALL THE
00:56:47LOCATIONS THAT CAN EXPERIENCE
00:56:50TOTALITY. YOU'RE SEEING THE
00:56:53PARTIAL SHADOW EMERGE FROM
00:56:56NORTHERN SIBERIA. IT HAS ALREADY CROSSED ALASKA. IT'S OVER CANADA AND THE NORTHERN UNITED
00:57:00STATES RIGHT NOW. AND THAT
00:57:03LITTLE OVAL IS THE UMBRA, WHERE TOTALITY IS ACTUALLY TAKING
00:57:06PLACE. UM, IT HAS JUST PASSED BY
00:57:08ICELAND. AND ALTHOUGH IT WAS
00:57:10CLOUDY THERE, PEOPLE GOT TO EXPERIENCE THE SECONDARY EFFECTS
00:57:14OF ECLIPSE, WHERE YOU GET THE
00:57:15DARKENING AND THE, UM, THE
00:57:19BRIGHTNESS ALONG THE HORIZON. UH, AND IT WILL VERY SOON BE
00:57:22OVER NORTHERN SPAIN, WHERE WE EXPECT MORE THAN 15 MILLION
00:57:25PEOPLE WILL BE WATCHING THE
00:57:26ECLIPSE. UM, TOWARD THE END OF
00:57:30IT, UH, PARTIAL ECLIPSE IN WESTERN AFRICA. SO THIS IS A
00:57:34CLOSE UP VIEW. REYKJAVIK IS
00:57:37HERE. UM, THEY UNFORTUNATELY HAD
00:57:40CLOUDS, BUT THE WB 57 WAS FLYING
00:57:43JUST ABOVE THAT. AND THEY WERE THERE BECAUSE THAT'S KIND OF THE SPOT THAT IF YOU'RE ON THE
00:57:46CENTER LINE, YOU GET THE LONGEST ECLIPSE OF TWO MINUTES, 18
00:57:49SECONDS TODAY. UM, AND WE'RE
00:57:52JUST A FEW MINUTES AWAY FROM
00:57:55SEEING TOTALITY PASS OVER SPAIN, LESS THAN AN HOUR BEFORE SUNSET.
00:57:58UM, THAT SHOULD PRODUCE SOME REALLY BEAUTIFUL PHOTOGRAPHS,
00:58:01ESPECIALLY FOR FOLKS ON THE BEACH WATCHING THIS OVER THE
00:58:04MOUNTAINS TO THE WEST. UM, THIS
00:58:07IS AN UNUSUAL ECLIPSE. IT'S KIND
00:58:09OF WEIRD. UH, AND ONE REASON FOR
00:58:12THAT IS WHERE THE, UM, TOTAL
00:58:16ECLIPSE STARTS. UH, THIS IS THE
00:58:18TAYMYR PENINSULA IN NORTHERN
00:58:21SIBERIA. AND BECAUSE THERE'S SO FAR NORTH, THAT ECLIPSE STARTS
00:58:24AT MIDNIGHT. UM, THEY ARE WELL
00:58:27ABOVE THE ARCTIC CIRCLE. SO THE
00:58:29SUN IS UP 24 HOURS A DAY. UH,
00:58:32AND THEN THE OTHER KIND OF ODD THING ABOUT IT IS THIS NORTH
00:58:36SOUTH PATH, MOST ECLIPSE PATHS,
00:58:38MOST TOTALITY PATHS ARE WEST TO
00:58:43EAST. BUT THIS ONE, BECAUSE IT'S SO CLOSE TO THE POLE, AND BECAUSE THE ORIENTATION OF THE
00:58:47EARTH, AND THE FACT THAT IT'S A
00:58:48DESCENDING NODE ECLIPSE, IT'S STARTING IN THE NORTH AND GOING
00:58:52TO THE SOUTH, AND THEN SUDDENLY
00:58:54MAKING THIS LEFT TURN INTO
00:58:56SPAIN. SO WE'RE LOOKING FORWARD TO SEEING THAT TOTAL ECLIPSE IN
00:59:00SPAIN, WHERE THE WEATHER LOOKS GREAT. BACK TO YOU, JOY.
00:59:04>> THANK YOU SO MUCH, ANNIE. SO
00:59:06WE'RE ABOUT 15 MINUTES AWAY FROM TOTALITY IN SPAIN. THE VIEW
00:59:10IS SEEING HERE IS FROM LEON, SPAIN. AND I WANT TO SAY THANK
00:59:13YOU AGAIN TO OUR PARTNERS TIME AND DATE. SOUTHERN ILLINOIS
00:59:17UNIVERSITY AND EXPLORATORIUM FOR PROVIDING THESE STUNNING
00:59:20TELESCOPE VIEWS OF THE SOLAR ECLIPSE. THIS IS REALLY, REALLY
00:59:24EXCITING. THEY HAVE 15 MINUTES
00:59:26LEFT UNTIL THE SUN IS COMPLETELY
00:59:29OBSCURED. LUCKILY, EARTH IS NOT THE ONLY PLACE YOU CAN EXPERIENCE A TOTAL SOLAR
00:59:33ECLIPSE. OUR ASTRONAUTS ON THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION HAVE
00:59:37WITNESSED SEVERAL SOLAR ECLIPSES FROM THIS VERY UNIQUE VANTAGE
00:59:40POINT. SO LET'S LEARN MORE FROM MY COLLEAGUE, ABBY INTERRANTE, WHO CAUGHT UP WITH THE
00:59:44ASTRONAUTS ON THE SPACE STATION A FEW DAYS AGO.
00:59:47>> HI, JESSICA AND ANIL, IT IS
00:59:51SO GREAT TO TALK WITH YOU FROM THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION.
00:59:54YOU SEE EARTH AND THE SOLAR SYSTEM FROM A UNIQUE PERSPECTIVE
00:59:57EVERY SINGLE DAY. THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR JOINING THIS LONG
00:59:59DISTANCE CALL TO TALK ABOUT THIS MOMENT. >> WE'RE SO HAPPY TO SHARE THIS
01:00:03WITH YOU.
01:00:06>> WE STUDY THE SUN AND ITS INFLUENCE ON EARTH AND THROUGHOUT THE SOLAR SYSTEM,
01:00:10THROUGH A FIELD CALLED HELIOPHYSICS. WHAT IS THE BENEFIT OF STUDYING THE SIGN
01:00:14FROM UP THERE IN LOW EARTH ORBIT?
01:00:16>> ONE OF THE BIG THINGS IS THAT
01:00:19THERE IS A LOT OF PARTICLES THAT
01:00:21ARE AROUND EARTH, AND THOSE
01:00:24PARTICLES CAN BE AFFECTED BY
01:00:29CORONAL MASS EJECTIONS, AND THOSE EJECTIONS CAN ENERGIZE THE PARTICLES AND AFFECT THINGS THAT ARE IN SPACE. AND THE THINGS
01:00:32THAT WE CARE ABOUT ARE IN SPACE,
01:00:34ARE SATELLITES. AND THOSE SATELLITES GIVE US
01:00:36COMMUNICATION. THEY GIVE US
01:00:38INTERNET. AND SO THERE'S EVEN A
01:00:41FUTURE WHERE WE HAVE DATA CENTERS IN SPACE, AND WE ARE
01:00:45USING THE SUN'S ENERGY TO POWER
01:00:47THINGS LIKE ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND THINGS LIKE
01:00:50THAT. AND SO WE NEED TO UNDERSTAND HOW THAT'S GOING TO
01:00:53BE AFFECTED BY THE SUN.
01:00:57>> IF YOU COULD PICK ANYONE, WHO WOULD YOU WANT TO WATCH AN ECLIPSE WITH? AND WOULD YOU
01:01:00RATHER WATCH IT FROM EARTH OR FROM SPACE?
01:01:04>> THIS ONE, FOR ME, JUST REMINDS ME OF ONE OF MY MENTORS
01:01:07FROM GRADUATE SCHOOL, JERRY
01:01:11COLEMAN, AND HE AND HIS WIFE. THEY ARE ECLIPSE CHASERS, SO I THINK IF I COULD SHARE IT WITH
01:01:14ONE VERY SPECIAL PERSON, SOMEBODY THAT PLAYED SUCH A ROLE
01:01:17IN INSPIRING ME AND HELPING FUEL
01:01:20MY SCIENTIFIC CURIOSITY AND HELPING ME BE A SUCCESSFUL SCIENTIST, IT WOULD BE TO WATCH THAT WITH JERRY, AND IT WOULD BE
01:01:24TO WATCH IT FROM UP HERE, BECAUSE I KNOW HE HAS NEVER SEEN
01:01:27ONE FROM THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE
01:01:33STATION. >> I WAS GOING TO SAY SOMETHING SIMILAR. I WOULD LOVE TO WATCH IT WITH MY KIDS, BECAUSE IT WAS
01:01:37SUCH A UNIQUE EXPERIENCE FOR ME
01:01:39WHEN IT HAPPENED. THE ANIMALS, THE BIRDS GOT QUIET, IT GOT
01:01:43DARK, IT ALMOST FELT COOLER. UM,
01:01:47AND I THINK THEY WOULD REALLY LOVE IT. >> AND I KNOW YOU JUST ARRIVED. IS THERE ANYTHING THAT YOU'VE
01:01:51SEEN OUT OF THE CUPOLA OR THE WHARF THAT SURPRISED YOU SINCE
01:01:54YOU'VE ARRIVED? >> HERE'S THE MOST SURPRISING
01:01:58THING ON THE LAUNCH. YOU HAVE A CHANCE TO LOOK OUT OF THE WINDOW
01:02:01OF THE SPACECRAFT AS IT'S DOCKING WITH SPACE STATION. AND
01:02:04WHEN I LOOKED OUT THE RIGHT WINDOW, I SAW THIS BRIGHT,
01:02:08SHINING THING THAT THE
01:02:11INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION. I KNEW IT SHOULD BE THERE IN
01:02:14SPACE. AND WE WERE TRACKING IT, AND A LOT OF PEOPLE DID ALL THE
01:02:17MATH AND ENGINEERING TO GET US THERE. BUT IT JUST WAS SOMETHING
01:02:21THAT WAS JUST HARD TO COMPREHEND. AT THE SAME TIME. AND UTTERLY BEAUTIFUL. IT'S THIS
01:02:25MERGER BETWEEN ART AND SCIENCE.
01:02:29>> THE BEST PART ABOUT THAT MOMENT WAS WE WERE ALL INSIDE
01:02:32THE SPACE STATION, VERY ANXIOUSLY AWAITING A NIL, AND
01:02:36PYOTR AND ANNA'S ARRIVAL, AND WE COULD HEAR THE COMMUNICATIONS
01:02:40COMING FROM THE SOYUZ. THE SOYUZ WAS, OF COURSE, TALKING TO THE GROUND. ALL OF A SUDDEN, WE
01:02:44HEARD A VOICE AND HE SAID, I SEE
01:02:46IT. I SEE THE SPACE STATION. IT JUST MADE EVERYBODY SMILE AND
01:02:49MADE EVERYBODY SO HAPPY BECAUSE WE. WE REMEMBERED THAT MOMENT
01:02:53FOR OURSELVES. WHEN YOU SEE IT FOR THE FIRST TIME, AND IT DOESN'T EVEN LOOK REAL, IT LOOKS LIKE A LITTLE COMPUTER ANIMATION OR SOMETHING. AND
01:02:57IT'S SO SMALL. AND THEN IT JUST GETS BIGGER AND BIGGER AND
01:03:00BIGGER, AND THEN SUDDENLY IT BECOMES YOUR NEW HOME.
01:03:03>> THANK YOU SO MUCH. IT HAS JUST BEEN A PLEASURE TO SPEAK
01:03:06WITH YOU BOTH. WE REALLY APPRECIATE YOU TAKING THE TIME.
01:03:10>> THANK YOU. ABBY, IT'S BEEN WONDERFUL SPEAKING WITH EVERYONE
01:03:12TODAY. SO KEEP LOOKING UP AND WE'LL BE WAVING AT YOU
01:03:16>> [MUSIC] [MUSIC]
01:03:28>> SO AT LAST, REPORT FROM MISSION CONTROL, JESSICA AND
01:03:32NEIL AND THE REST OF THE CREW HAD THEIR ECLIPSE GLASSES ON
01:03:35STANDBY, JUST IN CASE THE SPACE STATION PATH BROUGHT THEM ANY
01:03:39UNEXPECTED VIEWS. SO WE'LL KEEP AN EYE ON. SEE WHAT THEY. IF
01:03:41THEY SAW ANYTHING. BUT WE DID
01:03:47JUST GET SOMETHING NEW. COME IN. SO A SHORT WHILE AGO IN HODGDON, MAINE, IN THE U.S., ONE OF OUR
01:03:51NASA PHOTOGRAPHERS ACTUALLY CAUGHT THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE
01:03:55STATION FLYING ACROSS THE SUN DURING THE PARTIAL ECLIPSE.
01:03:58LET'S TAKE AN EXCLUSIVE LOOK AT
01:04:03THAT IMAGE. WOW, THAT IS AN INCREDIBLE SHOT. SO THIS WAS
01:04:06TAKEN BY JOEL KOWSKY WITH NASA
01:04:09HEADQUARTERS. SO IN THE MIDDLE, YOU CAN SEE A TINY LITTLE SPECK.
01:04:12AND THAT'S THE SPACE STATION THAT FLEW RIGHT IN FRONT OF THE
01:04:16PARTIAL ECLIPSE AT 1:14 P.M.
01:04:18EASTERN TIME. YOU CAN SEE IT
01:04:21ALONG THE MIDDLE HERE, AND THERE ARE SOME CLOUD COVERAGE. YOU CAN
01:04:25SEE THE CLOUDS KIND OF GOING IN FRONT AS WELL. BUT THIS IS A
01:04:29REALLY, REALLY BEAUTIFUL SHOT. THE SPACE STATION WAS TRAVELING
01:04:31AT ABOUT FIVE MILES PER SECOND
01:04:35HERE. SO OUR NASA PHOTOGRAPHER, JOEL, WOULD HAVE HAD ABOUT HALF
01:04:37A SECOND TO CAPTURE THIS EXACT MOMENT. IN JOEL'S PHOTOGRAPHS,
01:04:41YOU CAN ALSO SEE A SLIVER OF THE
01:04:44MOON AT THE TOP CORNER AS WELL. AND THE MOON WAS COVERING
01:04:48ROUGHLY 20% OF THE SUN. ALTHOUGH
01:04:50JOEL IS A VERY EXPERIENCED
01:04:53PHOTOGRAPHER, ANYONE CAN TAKE PHOTOGRAPHS OF A SOLAR ECLIPSE.
01:04:55SO NEXT, LET'S HEAR A FEW TIPS
01:04:58ON HOW TO PHOTOGRAPH ONE.
01:05:02>> [MUSIC] [MUSIC]
01:05:18[MUSIC]
01:06:17>> SOMETIME AFTER THE SHOW, NASA WILL ALSO BE RELEASING EXCLUSIVE
01:06:20ECLIPSE IMAGES FROM SPAIN AS WELL. THIS IS WHERE NASA
01:06:23PHOTOGRAPHER BILL INGALLS IS HOPING TO CAPTURE THE ECLIPSE
01:06:27NEAR THE HORIZON. WE'RE ABOUT SEVEN MINUTES AWAY FROM TOTALITY
01:06:31IN LEON, SPAIN, WHICH IS SO, SO
01:06:33EXCITING. THIS IS SOME OF THE CROWDS THAT WE'RE SEEING. YOU
01:06:36CAN SEE THAT THERE, THE THE
01:06:40DARKNESS IS LOOMING. IT'S NOT QUITE TOTALITY THERE YET, BUT
01:06:43THEY ARE ALMOST THERE, WHICH IS
01:06:46AWESOME. SO NOW I'M GOING TO, I'M JOINED HERE BY NASA'S
01:06:50HELIOPHYSICS DIRECTOR, JOE WESTLAKE. JOE, HOW ARE YOU FEELING ABOUT TODAY'S ECLIPSE?
01:06:54>> OH, SUPER EXCITED. SUPER EXCITED TO SEE IT AND TO SHARE
01:06:57OUR SCIENCE, NASA, SCIENCE ACROSS THE WORLD.
01:07:00>> SO IF YOU'RE WATCHING FROM THE GROUND AND YOU DON'T HAVE
01:07:04ECLIPSE GLASSES, THERE ARE
01:07:07ACTUALLY MANY WAYS TO WATCH AN ECLIPSE. THESE ARE THROUGH
01:07:11INDIRECT VIEWING METHODS. SO, JOE, DO YOU WANT TO WALK THROUGH SOME OF THOSE METHODS WITH US? >> YES. SO THESE ARE SUPER COOL.
01:07:14THIS IS STUFF THAT YOU'VE GOT AT HOME AND THINGS THAT YOU CAN USE
01:07:17TO HELP YOU VIEW AN ECLIPSE
01:07:19SAFELY WITHOUT YOUR GLASSES. SO
01:07:23HERE WE HAVE JUST A STANDARD COLANDER WRIGHT. WHAT YOU WOULD HAVE IN YOUR KITCHEN, MAYBE
01:07:25CLEAN SOME, YOU KNOW, BERRIES OR WHATNOT WITH IT. AND I'M GOING
01:07:29TO DEMONSTRATE HOW YOU WOULD USE THIS TO LOOK AT, LOOK DIRECTLY
01:07:32AT AN ECLIPSE. OKAY. YOU KNOW, YOU'RE USING THE LIGHT OF THE
01:07:35SUN AS IT WOULD FILTER THROUGH THIS COLANDER. AND LET'S DEMONSTRATE TOGETHER. OKAY. SO
01:07:39YEAH, IF YOU COULD HOLD THAT. >> SO DO YOU NEED A PIECE OF PAPER? >> YOU DON'T NEED A PIECE OF
01:07:42PAPER. YOU CAN JUST HAVE IT ON THE GROUND. SOMETHING, SOMETHING
01:07:45LIGHT THAT YOU COULD SEE. OKAY, I'VE GOT A FLASHLIGHT THAT'S
01:07:49SORT OF DEMONSTRATING WHAT AN ECLIPSE WOULD LOOK LIKE. IT'S GOT A LITTLE PIECE OF FOAM THERE
01:07:52THAT I'LL SHOW. SO LET'S SHINE OUR LIGHT. LET'S DO OUR SUN,
01:07:55AND THEN SHOW IT AS IT WOULD HIT
01:07:57THE THIS COLANDER. AND WHAT YOU
01:07:59CAN SEE THERE IS THESE NICE
01:08:02LITTLE CRESCENT MOON SHAPES, WHICH ARE SHOWING THE ECLIPSE ON
01:08:05OUR, ON OUR EXAMPLE PAPER HERE, SO THAT THAT WOULD USUALLY BE A
01:08:09BUNCH OF CIRCLES. LIKE IF YOU TOOK THIS OUT DURING REGULAR
01:08:12DAYLIGHT HERE IN THE U.S., YOU WOULD SEE JUST A LITTLE SLIVER
01:08:15GONE OVER. IN SPAIN, OF COURSE, THEY WOULD SEE THESE BEAUTIFUL
01:08:19LITTLE CRESCENT MOON SHAPES. >> SO YOU DON'T WANT TO BE LOOKING THROUGH THE COLANDER,
01:08:23BUT YOU WANT THE SUN TO BE SHINING THROUGH IT. >> ABSOLUTELY. RIGHT. YOU WANT
01:08:27TO USE THIS AS YOUR LIGHT FILTER
01:08:29FOR YOU. AND THE COOL THING IS, IS YOU CAN USE THIS, BUT YOU
01:08:32DON'T HAVE TO USE THIS. THERE'S LOTS OF OTHER POSSIBILITIES. SO YOU CAN
01:08:36ACTUALLY TAKE YOUR HANDS, RIGHT? LIKE THIS. OKAY. SPREAD YOUR FINGERS OUT. YEAH. HOLD THEM
01:08:39OVER TOP OF EACH OTHER. AND YOU MAKE LITTLE PINHOLES YOURSELF
01:08:43WHEN YOU DO THAT. OKAY? AND WHEN
01:08:45YOU DO THAT, YOU CAN ACTUALLY SEE THROUGH AND BE ABLE TO SEE
01:08:48THE ECLIPSE IN THE SAME WAY. RIGHT? SO THAT'S A COOL WAY TO
01:08:51DO IT. AND THEN ON TOP OF THAT, LET'S SAY YOU'RE TAKING A WALK
01:08:54IN THE WOODS. WELL, THE LEAVES
01:08:55OF THE TREES ACTUALLY MAKE THESE KIND OF PINHOLES ALL OVER FOR
01:08:59YOU AS WELL. WHEN THEY DO THAT, YOU GET THIS BEAUTIFUL, YOU
01:09:02KNOW, CONSTANT CRESCENT MOONS AND EVERYTHING EVERYWHERE. ONE OF MY FAVORITE WAYS TO SEE AN
01:09:06ECLIPSE. >> THANK YOU SO MUCH, JOE. AND SO TODAY'S ECLIPSE, AUGUST
01:09:0912th, ALSO LANDS ON ANOTHER
01:09:12SPECIAL DAY. SO ON THIS DAY IN
01:09:152018, NASA'S PARKER SOLAR PROBE
01:09:16LAUNCHED INTO SPACE TO STUDY THE
01:09:20SUN'S CORONA. UP CLOSE. JOE, CAN YOU TELL US A LITTLE BIT ABOUT THAT MISSION? >> YEAH, WHAT AN INCREDIBLE
01:09:23MISSION. THIS IS HUMANITY'S OPPORTUNITY TO ACTUALLY TOUCH
01:09:27OUR STAR, RIGHT? WE FLEW A MISSION. PARKER SOLAR PROBE.
01:09:30IT'S STILL UP THERE. IT'S STILL OPERATING. IT'S STILL TAKING
01:09:32GREAT SCIENCE, BUT IT'S FLYING
01:09:34WITHIN THE CORONA, WITHIN WHAT YOU SEE IN THE TOTAL SOLAR
01:09:38ECLIPSE, AND TAKING DIRECT MEASUREMENTS OF THAT CORONA TO
01:09:41HELP US UNDERSTAND HOW OUR SUN WORKS.
01:09:44>> AMAZING. SO WE HAVE A LOT OF QUESTIONS COMING IN FROM SOCIAL MEDIA, AND WE HAVE TIME FOR JUST
01:09:48ONE. JOE. SO LET'S DIG IN. KYLE
01:09:53ASKS. UH, IT SEEMS TO BE THAT THERE ARE A LOT MORE SOLAR
01:09:56ECLIPSES HAPPENING IN THE PAST
01:09:58FEW YEARS. UM, DID SOMETHING CHANGE? >> YOU KNOW, NOTHING CHANGED. THE GEOMETRY OF THE SUN. THE
01:10:02MOON, THE EARTH IS THE SAME. BUT
01:10:04ONE OF THE COOL THINGS ABOUT OUR TECHNOLOGICAL SOCIETY TODAY IS
01:10:07YOU GET TO SEE MANY MORE OF THESE THINGS, WHETHER IT BE
01:10:10BECAUSE OF SOCIAL MEDIA, BECAUSE
01:10:11OF, YOU KNOW, PEOPLE HAVE ACCESS
01:10:14TO CELL PHONES OR JUST THE ACCESSIBILITY OF TRAVEL AND BEING ABLE TO GO TO THESE
01:10:18DIFFERENT PLACES. I'M PERSONALLY REALLY GLAD THAT PEOPLE ARE
01:10:21HEARING MORE AND MORE ABOUT ECLIPSES, BECAUSE IT BRINGS THE
01:10:24GREATNESS OF NASA SCIENCE HOME TO ALL OF YOU.
01:10:27>> THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR DOING THIS DEMONSTRATION AND FOR BEING WITH US HERE TODAY.
01:10:30>> THANK YOU SO MUCH, JOY. >> SO NOW LET'S HEAD BACK TO
01:10:34THE ECLIPSE MAP, WHERE WE'RE GOING TO SEE THE ECLIPSE IN REAL
01:10:37TIME. SO, AS YOU CAN SEE IN THE
01:10:41BOTTOM PART OF THIS VIDEO, THE MOON'S SHADOW IS JUST ABOUT TO
01:10:45REACH SPAIN. WE'RE ABOUT THREE MINUTES OUT FROM TOTALITY,
01:10:48HITTING SPAIN. LEON. SPAIN IS
01:10:52GOING TO BE EXPERIENCING TOTALITY, AND IT WILL BE GETTING
01:10:54ABOUT ONE MINUTE AND ABOUT 44
01:10:57SECONDS OF TOTALITY, WHICH IS SO, SO EXCITING. THE PATH IS
01:11:00GOING TO BE HITTING SEVERAL
01:11:01OTHER TOWNS AS WELL, SUCH AS
01:11:05MAJORCA AND VILLA LA BADO. AND THE VIEW THAT WE'RE SEEING
01:11:09RIGHT NOW IS OF LEON, SPAIN, AND EVEN THOUGH TOTALITY HASN'T OCCURRED YET, YOU CAN SEE A TINY
01:11:13LITTLE, UM, FILAMENT OR
01:11:18PROMINENCE ON THE ONE SIDE. OKAY. SO REMEMBER TO BE SAFE
01:11:21WHEN WATCHING A SOLAR ECLIPSE, YOU HAVE TO BE WEARING SAFE
01:11:24SOLAR VIEWING GLASSES OR USE AN INDIRECT VIEWING METHOD WHEN
01:11:27VIEWING THE WHEN, WHEN THE MOON HASN'T COMPLETELY COVERED THE
01:11:31SUN YET, YOU CAN ONLY LOOK AT A TOTAL SOLAR ECLIPSE DURING
01:11:35TOTALITY, WHEN THE MOON IS COMPLETELY BLOCKING THE SUN. SO,
01:11:39BACK IN THE STUDIO, WE HAVE KELLY WITH US AGAIN. KELLY, WHAT
01:11:42IS IT THAT MAKES THIS ECLIPSE IN EUROPE SO, SO SPECIAL?
01:11:46>> IT REALLY IS SO SPECIAL BECAUSE, AGAIN, THIS IS ALMOST
01:11:49AT SUNSET. SO WE'RE EXPERIENCING SOMETHING THAT'S A LITTLE BIT
01:11:52DIFFERENT, HAVING IT SO LOW IN THE HORIZON. AND LOOK AT THOSE
01:11:54IMAGES THERE. YOU'RE SEEING THAT DARKNESS ALREADY COMING IN,
01:11:57THOSE KIND OF SEPIA TONES INSTEAD OF THE, THE NORMAL
01:12:01BRIGHT LIGHT, OR EVEN THE NORMAL TYPES OF SUNSETS.
01:12:05>> WOW. SO WE ARE TWO MINUTES AWAY FROM TOTALITY IN SPAIN. YOU
01:12:08CAN SEE THE CROWDS IN THE BOTTOM
01:12:12CORNER THERE. AND THIS IS THE SUN'S VIEW. OH MY GOODNESS. SO
01:12:15TWO MINUTES UNTIL TOTALITY. AND WE HAVE A SLIVER OF THE SUN
01:12:19LEFT. THIS IS JUST AMAZING. >> YES. IT'S SO BEAUTIFUL. AND
01:12:22LIKE YOU'RE SAYING, THERE IS
01:12:25THAT, UH, PROMINENCE THERE THAT WE ALREADY SEE. SO THESE ARE THINGS THAT ARE VERY INTERESTING
01:12:28AND AGAIN, CAN ERUPT IN THE SPACE WEATHER THAT WE WERE
01:12:31TALKING ABOUT EARLIER. SO THIS IS A GREAT VIEW. AND EVEN WITH
01:12:34THIS, YOU KNOW, IT'S NOT COMPLETE DARKNESS. THAT LITTLE BIT OF SUN STILL LIGHTS, LIGHTS
01:12:38IT UP SO THAT WE CAN SEE THE CROWD. >> WOW. SO WE'RE ABOUT A MINUTE
01:12:42AND A HALF AWAY. WHAT SHOULD
01:12:44PEOPLE EXPECT TO SEE MOMENTS BEFORE TOTALITY HITS?
01:12:47>> SO WHAT THEY SHOULD SEE IS WHAT WE CALL THE DIAMOND RING EFFECT, OR THE BAILY'S BEADS. SO
01:12:51THESE WILL BE REALLY BRIGHT LIGHTS. AND IT'S FROM THE LAST
01:12:54BITS OF SUNSET SUN COMING
01:12:57THROUGH THE MOON'S VALLEYS. SO THAT WILL COME THROUGH, AND WE'LL SEE THAT. AND YOU STILL
01:13:01NEED YOUR ECLIPSE GLASSES OR AN INDIRECT VIEWING METHOD AT THAT
01:13:04POINT IN TIME. BUT THEN ONCE THAT'S DONE AND YOU'RE IN THE
01:13:07PATH OF TOTALITY, IT'S TIME TO REMOVE THOSE GLASSES AND SEE THE
01:13:10CORONA WITH YOUR OWN EYES. >> WOW. AND IF YOU'RE ON THE
01:13:14GROUND, WHAT OTHER SENSATIONS WILL YOU BE FEELING? >> UM, IT WILL DEFINITELY BE
01:13:18GETTING COLDER. THERE MIGHT BE A WIND. UM, YOU CAN AGAIN CHANGE
01:13:22AN ANIMAL BEHAVIOR. ANY WILDLIFE
01:13:24THAT'S AROUND YOU. UM, AND REALLY THE SENSE OF AWE, AS WELL
01:13:28AS THE 360 DEGREE SUNSET ALL
01:13:32AROUND THE HORIZON. SO JUST A FEW THINGS TO LOOK FOR.
01:13:35>> WOW, THIS IS A STUNNING,
01:13:37STUNNING VIEW. WE HAVE JUST A
01:13:39SLIVER LEFT. AND THIS IS THE MOON COVERING THE SUN'S DISK.
01:13:43AND WHEN TOTALITY OCCURS, THAT SLIVER WILL DISAPPEAR. WE'RE
01:13:46ABOUT 30s AWAY NOW FROM TOTALITY
01:13:49IN SPAIN, IF YOU'RE ON THE GROUND AND YOU HAVE CLEAR SKIES,
01:13:52WE ARE SO, SO HAPPY FOR YOU. YES.
01:13:56>> DEFINITELY. OH. >> WOW. >> IT'S JUST BEAUTIFUL. AND
01:13:59AGAIN, PROBABLY FEELING SO MUCH EXCITEMENT. AND SOMETIMES YOU
01:14:02EVEN FEEL A LITTLE FEAR, LIKE I THINK WAS MENTIONED EARLIER, THEY FELT IT WAS EERIE, ALMOST.
01:14:05IT'S AN EERIE LIGHT. IT'S NOT SOMETHING THAT WE'RE USED TO.
01:14:08UM, IN A HUMAN EXPERIENCE, BUT HERE IT GOES. IT'S, IT'S, WE'RE
01:14:12GETTING CLOSE TO THOSE BAILY'S BEADS AND THE DIAMOND RING
01:14:15EFFECT. UM, SO THOSE SHOULD BE
01:14:16COMING VERY SHORTLY.
01:14:21>> WOW. ALL RIGHT. TOTALITY IS ALMOST THERE. THE SLIVER IS ABOUT TO DISAPPEAR. OKAY.
01:14:25>> THE LITTLE DIAMOND RING. >> WOW. >> YEAH.
01:14:29>> TOTALITY HAS HIT SPAIN. OH MY
01:14:32GOODNESS. LOVELY VIEW. WHAT IS WHAT IS THE RED MARK THAT WE'RE
01:14:35SEEING ON THE IMAGE RIGHT NOW OF THE SUN. >> SO THE RED MARK IS THAT
01:14:39FILAMENT. SO IT'S A BUNCH OF VERY HOT MATERIAL THAT HAS BEEN
01:14:42UM, HANGING ABOVE THE SUN AND JUST KIND OF HANGING OUT THERE
01:14:45BASED ON THE MAGNETIC FIELDS OF THE SUN. THAT, THAT KEEPS IT KIND OF IN A LITTLE MAGNETIC
01:14:50CAGE. OH, LOOK AT THAT. THAT'S A
01:14:52REALLY NICE VIEW OF THE CORONA.
01:14:55YOU'RE SEEING THINGS THAT LOOK LIKE STREAKS COMING OUT OF THIS. AND THOSE ARE STREAMERS. SO
01:14:59THAT'S THE BASIS OF THE SOLAR WIND THAT WE ARE BATHED IN
01:15:02CONSTANTLY. THE SUN IS CONSTANTLY OUTFLOWING. UM, UH,
01:15:06MATERIAL. AND SO THOSE ARE, THAT'S THE CONSTANT STREAM. AND
01:15:09THEN YOU SEE THE, WHAT COULD BECOME A BIG CHUNK AT SOME POINT IN TIME IN THE PINK FILAMENTS
01:15:13THAT YOU SEE THERE. >> WOW. SO WE SEE THAT COMING OFF OF THE SUN. SO THIS IS THE
01:15:17ATMOSPHERE OF THE SUN, THE SUN'S CORONA ARE THOSE STREAKS
01:15:21THAT YOU JUST MENTIONED. ARE THEY COMING TOWARDS EARTH AS WELL? >> THEY ARE COMING TOWARDS
01:15:25EARTH. UM, SO THEY, THEY FILL
01:15:28THE ENTIRE SOLAR SYSTEM OR THE HELIOSPHERE, WHICH IS ACTUALLY
01:15:31ALL THAT THE SUN ENCOMPASSES
01:15:33WITH THAT SOLAR WIND. SO IT'S THE ENTIRE SOLAR SYSTEM. SO IT DEFINITELY HITS US HERE ON
01:15:37EARTH. AND THIS IS ABSOLUTELY BEAUTIFUL. AGAIN, YOU'RE SEEING A PROMINENCE ALSO ON BOTH SIDES,
01:15:41REALLY, AND MAYBE EVEN ONE UP ON
01:15:43THE OTHER CORNER. YEAH. SO THERE'S LOTS OF EVEN THOUGH THE SUN IS SUPPOSED TO BE TOWARDS A
01:15:47MINIMUM OF ACTIVITY, WHICH MEANS YOU SHOULD SEE LESS OF THIS, WE'RE SEEING MORE OF IT. AND
01:15:51THIS IS ONE OF THE IMPORTANT REASONS WHY TO KEEP STUDYING
01:15:54THESE ECLIPSES IS TO SEE WHAT IS ACTUALLY HAPPENING ON OUR SUN. WHEN WE THINK, WHEN WE THINK WE
01:15:57KNOW WHAT'S GOING ON, IT SEEMS TO CHANGE IT UP A LITTLE.
01:16:00>> AND WHAT IS IT ABOUT THESE FEATURES THAT ARE SO IMPORTANT TO STUDY?
01:16:04>> IT'S IMPORTANT TO STUDY WHAT THEY'RE MADE OUT OF. OH, AND NOW WE'RE BACK TO THE DIAMOND RING. SO WE'RE, WE'RE COMING
01:16:08BACK OUT OF IT ALREADY. IT WAS
01:16:11ALWAYS, OH, YES, IT'S ALREADY. IT HAPPENED SO QUICKLY. AND ONCE
01:16:14YOU SEE ONE, YOU, YOU DEFINITELY WANT TO GO BACK AND SEE SOME
01:16:17MORE. UM.
01:16:20>> SO TOTALITY HAS ENDED IN SPAIN. WOW. SO YOU'RE TELLING ME
01:16:23THAT WE ALSO SEE THE DIAMOND RING AND BAILY'S BEADS AT THE
01:16:25END OF THE ECLIPSE AS WELL? >> YES, EXACTLY. WHERE YOU'RE
01:16:29GOING INTO OR OUT OF? OUT OF THE ECLIPSES. >> OKAY. SO, AND THIS IS A VIEW
01:16:33FROM VALENCIA IN SPAIN AS WELL.
01:16:37THEY ARE SEEING AN ECLIPSE RIGHT NOW. ECLIPSE IS HAPPENING IN SPAIN. AH, ABOUT A MINUTE, A
01:16:41MINUTE APART FROM ONE ANOTHER IN THESE TELESCOPE VIEWS. SO
01:16:45THEY'RE SEEING TOTALITY, ARE THEY. SO THE RED MARK THAT WE'RE SEEING RIGHT NOW IS THAT ANOTHER
01:16:48PROMINENCE. >> YES. THOSE ARE PROMINENCES,
01:16:50THAT MATERIAL THAT IS THAT IS
01:16:53SUSPENDED ABOVE THE SUN. THAT'S VERY, VERY HOT. AGAIN, IT'S INTERESTING. IT'S INTERESTING TO
01:16:57US TO KNOW WHAT THEY'RE MADE OUT
01:16:59OF. THERE'S NORMALLY FILTERS LIKE HERE AND ON THE AIRPLANES
01:17:02AS WELL, TO TELL US ABOUT WHETHER THAT'S SOME ION OR
01:17:05WHETHER THAT'S CARBON OR OXYGEN
01:17:07OR WHAT EXACTLY IS THOSE PINK,
01:17:10THOSE PINK, UH, FILAMENTS. >> AND YOU CAN SEE THE MOON IS
01:17:14MOVING AWAY FROM THE SUN RIGHT NOW. WHAT IS IT THAT WE'RE WATCHING? YEAH.
01:17:16>> THIS IS BEADS. AND SO THESE
01:17:19ARE THE BEADS. AND SO NOW WE'RE, WE'RE ACTUALLY GOING OUT OF TOTALITY AGAIN.
01:17:23>> SO WOW, WHAT A BRIEF MOMENT
01:17:25OF TOTALITY. THIS IS JUST
01:17:28AMAZING. THEY HAVE HAD CLEAR SKIES. AND THIS IS EXACTLY WHAT
01:17:30YOU WANT FOR A TOTAL SOLAR
01:17:32ECLIPSE. WOW. THIS IS MALLORCA
01:17:35IN SPAIN. OH MY GOODNESS. THIS IS STUNNING. >> WOW.
01:17:39>> YEAH. LOOK AT THAT CORONA.
01:17:41THAT IS WHY. WHY IS IT SO MUCH
01:17:44CLEARER? WHY IS IT CORONA SO MUCH CLEARER DURING A TOTAL ECLIPSE?
01:17:48>> YES. YEAH. SO IT'S SO MUCH CLEARER BECAUSE YOU'RE, YOU'RE,
01:17:51UH, TAKING AWAY ALL THE BRIGHT LIGHT FROM THE FACE OF THE SUN.
01:17:54THE SUN IS VERY, VERY BRIGHT. SO IT'S BASICALLY A MILLION TIMES
01:17:57DIFFERENT. AND WHEN YOU BLOT OUT THAT MIDDLE, YOU CAN SEE ALL THE
01:18:01BEAUTIFUL THINGS THAT ARE GOING
01:18:02ON BEHIND IT. AND SO, YEAH, SO
01:18:06THIS IS THE BEAUTIFUL CRESCENT MOON THAT YOU'RE SEEING. I
01:18:09THINK PREVIOUSLY WE WERE SEEING THOSE, THOSE STREAKS OF LIGHT
01:18:13THAT'S ALSO CLOSER TO SUNSET THERE. AS YOU GO MORE SOUTH IN
01:18:16SPAIN. UM, AND ALREADY THE LIGHTS RETURNING AND THEY SEEM
01:18:20TO BE VERY EXCITED IN THE CROWD
01:18:22THERE. IT'S SUCH A GREAT FEELING TO EXPERIENCE THOSE
01:18:25ECLIPSES, EVEN THOUGH THEY WERE SO SHORT.
01:18:28>> WOW. AND EXPERIENCING A TOTAL SOLAR ECLIPSE THAT IS COMPLETELY DIFFERENT TO A PARTIAL ECLIPSE.
01:18:32>> IT REALLY IS. AND IT TOOK ME, EVEN AS A WHOLE, HELIOPHYSICIST.
01:18:36IT TOOK ME A WHILE FOR THEM TO CONVINCE ME THAT I SHOULD DO IT.
01:18:37AND ONCE I SAW MY FIRST IN 2017,
01:18:41I'VE SEEN MULTIPLE SINCE BECAUSE IT IS A FULL BODY EXPERIENCE, IT IS VERY DIFFERENT THAN SEEING
01:18:45JUST ONE BITE OUT OF THE MOON.
01:18:47THE. THE WHOLE BODY EXPERIENCE,
01:18:49AND JUST THE JOY AND AWE AND KIND OF YOUR PLACE IN THE WORLD
01:18:52IS SO IMPORTANT TO EXPERIENCE. >> ABSOLUTELY. I'M FOR SURE.
01:18:55NOW, AN ECLIPSE CHASER. WELL,
01:18:58THAT WAS AN INCREDIBLE SOLAR ECLIPSE. WHAT A VIEW. I AM
01:19:02THRILLED THAT THEIR SKIES WERE COMPLETELY CLEAR, WHICH MEANS
01:19:05THAT WE COULD SEE THE SUN'S CORONA SO, SO CLEARLY, AND WE
01:19:09COULD EVEN SEE MULTIPLE PROMINENCES AS WELL FROM THE SUN, WHICH IS A BEAUTIFUL SIGHT
01:19:13DURING AN ECLIPSE. SO IN A FEW
01:19:16MINUTES, WE'RE GOING TO BE
01:19:18SPEAKING WITH A NASA ASTRONAUT LIVE. UM, FROM WHERE THEY SAW A
01:19:21TOTAL ECLIPSE. BUT FIRST, LET'S
01:19:25GO BACK TO THE POLL THAT WE POSED TO YOU EARLIER ON IN THE
01:19:28SHOW. UM, SO, KELLY, I KNOW THAT YOU HAD ANSWERED SOME OF THESE
01:19:31QUESTIONS AS WELL. SO LET'S TAKE
01:19:32A LOOK AT WHAT OUR VIEWERS
01:19:39THOUGHT ABOUT THOSE QUESTIONS.
01:19:40OKAY. SO LET'S HEAD TO ONE OF
01:19:44THE POLL QUESTIONS. BUT WHILE WE'RE KIND OF LIKE WAITING TO
01:19:47GET THAT SET UP, LET'S CONTINUE
01:19:49LOOKING AT THIS BEAUTIFUL
01:19:53PARTIAL ECLIPSE NOW IN MALLORCA, SPAIN.
01:19:56>> THAT'S JUST GORGEOUS. THAT
01:19:59IS JUST ABSOLUTELY GORGEOUS IN TERMS OF THAT, THAT VERY LITTLE
01:20:03SLIVER. AGAIN, THIS IS TOWARDS
01:20:05SUNSET. SO NORMALLY, IF YOU'RE LOOKING AT A SUNSET, ESPECIALLY
01:20:09OVER WATER, YOU'RE SEEING THAT KIND OF ORANGE BALL, RED BALL GO
01:20:12DOWN. AND THEN YOU HAVE THIS BEAUTIFUL ECLIPSE TO HAPPEN. THESE REALLY ARE JUST GOING TO
01:20:16BE SPECTACULAR IMAGES. >> YES, ABSOLUTELY. OKAY, SO
01:20:20LET'S HEAD BACK TO THE POLL ANSWERS OUR VIEWERS. SO THE
01:20:23FIRST QUESTION WAS, WHERE WOULD YOU RATHER WATCH AN ECLIPSE
01:20:27FROM? YOU SAID THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION. AND OUR VIEWERS
01:20:30WOULD AGREE, YES. >> IT WILL BE A PARTY IN THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION.
01:20:34>> I ALSO WANTED TO BE THERE TOO. SO WE'RE ALL GOING TO BE
01:20:36UP THERE. THE SECOND QUESTION ON
01:20:39THE POLL FOR EVERYONE WATCHING WAS, WHAT WOULD BE YOUR IDEAL
01:20:43ECLIPSE WATCHING SOUNDTRACK? AND
01:20:45THE OPTIONS WERE COSMIC, LO-FI BEATS, DRAMATIC SPACE, OPERA,
01:20:49MUSIC, CHILL, ACOUSTIC
01:20:51SKYWATCHING VIBES, OR JUST THE
01:20:53SOUNDS OF NATURE AND THE CROWD.
01:20:56AND THE WINNER WAS COSMIC LO-FI BEATS. >> OH. ALL RIGHT. YEAH, THAT'S
01:21:00A, THAT'S A GOOD, GOOD SOUNDTRACK. I COULD SEE THAT.
01:21:02>> YEAH, YEAH. I VOTED FOR OPERA MUSIC. BUT YEAH.
01:21:06>> AND I MIGHT BE A LITTLE BIT MORE SOUNDS OF NATURE, BUT THAT'S JUST ME.
01:21:09>> OKAY. WELL, ANYWAY, THANK YOU
01:21:11SO MUCH. SO ALTHOUGH TOTALITY IS
01:21:15OVER, THE PARTIAL ECLIPSE WILL STILL BE VISIBLE FOR THE NEXT
01:21:18HOUR OR SO. REMEMBER TO STAY
01:21:20SAFE WHILE WATCHING THE REST OF
01:21:22THE PARTIAL ECLIPSE BY WEARING
01:21:24ECLIPSE GLASSES, OR BY USING AN INDIRECT VIEWING METHOD. SO, IF
01:21:28YOU WANT TO LEARN MORE ABOUT
01:21:28ECLIPSE SAFETY, GO TO
01:21:32SCIENCE.NASA.GOV/ECLIPSES. OKAY, SO NEXT WE HAVE A VERY SPECIAL
01:21:36GUEST CALLING INTO THE SHOW LIVE. NASA ASTRONAUT DON PETTIT
01:21:40JUST WITNESSED A TOTAL SOLAR ECLIPSE FROM ALICANTE, SPAIN.
01:21:44DON, CAN YOU HEAR ME? HOW ARE YOU DOING?
01:21:47>> I CAN HEAR YOU LOUD AND
01:21:49CLEAR, AND I'M STANDING OUT IN
01:21:53ALCANIZ, SPAIN. UH, JUST IN AWE
01:21:56FROM LOOKING AT THE TOTALITY PHASE OF THIS ECLIPSE.
01:21:59>> WOW. SO, HOW ARE YOU FEELING? I KNOW YOU JUST FINISHED WATCHING THE ECLIPSE. HOW ARE
01:22:03YOU FEELING RIGHT NOW? WHAT DID YOU EXPERIENCE ON THE GROUND AND
01:22:07WHAT DID YOU HEAR? WERE YOU
01:22:09SURROUNDED BY CROWDS AT ALL?
01:22:12>> UM, THERE THE SKY IS
01:22:15EXCEPTIONALLY CLEAR, AND THERE'S HUNDREDS OF PEOPLE HERE, AND THAT'S PART OF THE
01:22:19ECLIPSE. IT'S NOT BEING OFF BY
01:22:22YOURSELF. IT'S BEING WITH A
01:22:24GROUP OF PEOPLE. UH, THE, THE
01:22:27PEOPLE THAT LIVE IN ALCANIZ, THE
01:22:29GROUP OF PEOPLE THAT I'M HERE
01:22:32WITH AND EXPERIENCING THIS
01:22:36AMAZING CELESTIAL EVENT ALL TOGETHER >> AMAZING. SO PEOPLE MIGHT KNOW
01:22:40YOU FOR YOUR INCREDIBLE PHOTOS
01:22:42AND VIDEOS, FROM YOUR MULTIPLE TRIPS TO THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE
01:22:46STATION. DID YOU TAKE ANY PHOTOS DURING THIS ECLIPSE, OR DID YOU
01:22:49PUT YOUR CAMERA DOWN FOR THIS ONE?
01:22:52>> OH, NO. WHAT? WHAT I DO IS THE SAME THING FOR LAUNCHES. YOU
01:22:56SET A CAMERA UP ON AUTOMATIC AND
01:22:59YOU GET WHATEVER YOU GET FROM THE CAMERA, AND THEN YOU STAND
01:23:02BACK AND YOU WATCH THE LAUNCH, OR YOU WATCH THE TOTAL ECLIPSE.
01:23:06THEY'RE BOTH KIND OF IN THE SAME CATEGORY, AND THAT THEY,
01:23:09THEY ONLY LAST A COUPLE MINUTES
01:23:12IN TERMS OF WHAT YOU COULD SEE.
01:23:15AND IT'S BETTER TO VIEW THEM
01:23:18THROUGH YOUR TWO EYES THAN THROUGH THE VIEWFINDER ON A CAMERA.
01:23:22>> OKAY. GOOD TIP FROM A NASA
01:23:25ASTRONAUT. SO HOW DID THE EXPERIENCE WATCHING THIS FROM
01:23:28THE GROUND COMPARED TO WATCHING AN ECLIPSE FROM SPACE, WHICH I
01:23:30KNOW YOU'VE DONE A FEW TIMES.
01:23:33>> I'VE HAD THE OPPORTUNITY TO
01:23:37SEE TWO SOLAR ECLIPSES FROM
01:23:39SPACE. AND IN SPACE. YOU LOOK AT
01:23:42THE SHADOW PROJECTED ON EARTH.
01:23:44YOU DON'T LOOK AT THE SUN
01:23:47ITSELF, AND THE SHADOW HAS ALL
01:23:51THE DETAIL THAT THE CLASSIC ASTRONOMERS FROM HUNDREDS OF
01:23:53YEARS AGO PREDICTED. YOU SEE THE
01:23:55UMBRA, YOU SEE THE PENUMBRA, YOU SEE THE SHADOW MOVING OVER
01:23:59EARTH. AND IT'S A VANTAGE POINT
01:24:03FROM SPACE THAT YOU CAN'T SEE FROM EARTH.
01:24:05>> WOW. SO, SO LUCKY. AND I KNOW
01:24:08YOU'VE SEEN A LOT OF OTHER BEAUTIFUL PHENOMENA IN SPACE, LIKE THE AURORA AND AIRGLOW.
01:24:12WHAT IS IT THAT MAKES WATCHING A
01:24:14TOTAL ECLIPSE SPECIAL FOR YOU?
01:24:21>> THE WHOLE. >> PACKAGE THAT COMES WITH A
01:24:23TOTAL ECLIPSE. IT'S THE SHADOW
01:24:26PHENOMENA THAT HAPPENS AROUND
01:24:28YOU. IT'S LOOKING AT THE CORONA AROUND THE SUN. IT'S
01:24:31EXPERIENCING THE REACTION OF ALL THE PEOPLE YOU'RE WATCHING IT
01:24:35WITH. SO, UH, IT'S, IT'S A,
01:24:38IT'S A HUMAN EMOTIONAL EVENT AS
01:24:42WELL AS, AS MUCH PHYSICS. AND,
01:24:45UH, AND NATURAL PHENOMENOLOGY AS
01:24:48YOU WANT TO ADD TO THE MIX.
01:24:52>> WOW. WELL, THANK YOU SO MUCH,
01:24:53JOHN. ANY PARTING WORDS?
01:24:56>> UM, JUST, UH, GET OUT AND
01:24:59WATCH AN ECLIPSE, WHETHER IT'S A TOTAL ECLIPSE OR A PARTIAL
01:25:03ECLIPSE, THEY HAPPEN. LUNAR
01:25:05ECLIPSES HAPPEN. GET OUT AND
01:25:07LOOK UP AT THE SKY AND THINK
01:25:10ABOUT WHAT'S GOING ON. AND SMILE.
01:25:14>> THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR JOINING US LIVE FROM SPAIN. WE'RE SO
01:25:17GRATEFUL YOU COULD SHARE YOUR
01:25:19ABSOLUTELY AMAZING SOLAR ECLIPSE APPEARANCE WITH US.
01:25:22>> YOU. >> YOU ALL TAKE CARE.
01:25:26>> WELL, KELLY, IT'S AMAZING TO HEAR SOMEONE AS PASSIONATE AND KNOWLEDGEABLE AS JOHN.
01:25:30>> YES, IT REALLY IS THAT HE'S SEEN SO MUCH AND HE STILL IS SO
01:25:34PASSIONATE ABOUT THE ECLIPSE HERE ON EARTH. IT JUST REALLY TELLS YOU, YOU HAVE TO SEE THIS THING.
01:25:37>> ABSOLUTELY. SO IF YOU'RE LOOKING TO CATCH THE NEXT TOTAL ECLIPSE, YOU'RE IN LUCK BECAUSE
01:25:41WE HAVE A FEW SPECIAL ONES COMING UP. KELLY, CAN YOU RUN
01:25:44THROUGH THEM WITH US? >> YES. SO NEXT YEAR THERE IS
01:25:48GOING TO BE AN ECLIPSE THAT HAPPENS IN PART OF SPAIN,
01:25:51THROUGHOUT THE NORTHERN AFRICA THROUGH THE MIDDLE EAST. AND THAT'S GOING TO BE THE ECLIPSE
01:25:55OF THE CENTURY, THE LONGEST ONE OF THE CENTURY. SO AT SIX
01:25:59MINUTES AND 28 SECONDS, THAT'S GOING TO BE A VERY LONG ONE. AND
01:26:01THEN IN 28, WE'RE GOING TO HAVE
01:26:05THE ECLIPSE OVER AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND. SO THESE ARE GOING TO BE GREAT SCIENTIFIC
01:26:07EXPERIMENTS, AS WELL AS AMAZING
01:26:09EXPERIENCES TO EXPERIENCE ON THE GROUND. >> AMAZING. AND WHAT ABOUT THE UNITED STATES?
01:26:13>> THE UNITED STATES? WELL, THE
01:26:16NEXT ONE WHERE WE'LL HAVE TOTALITY IS 2044 IN MONTANA AND
01:26:19NORTH DAKOTA. AND THEN 2045. SO
01:26:22IT'S GOING TO BE A WHILE BEFORE WE GO CALIFORNIA, THROUGH
01:26:26FLORIDA, ACROSS ACROSS THE ENTIRE CONTINENT. >> AMAZING. SO IF YOU WANT TO
01:26:29LEARN MORE ABOUT SOLAR ECLIPSES
01:26:30AND NASA SCIENCE, YOU CAN HEAD
01:26:35TO SCIENCE.NASA.GOV SLASH ECLIPSES. SO, KELLY, THANK YOU
01:26:39SO MUCH FOR JOINING US IN THE STUDIO TODAY AND ANSWERING ALL
01:26:42OF OUR QUESTIONS FROM OUR VIEWERS. I ALSO WANT TO THANK
01:26:44OUR GUESTS WHO JOINED US IN THE STUDIO AND ON THE GROUND AS
01:26:47WELL, AND ESPECIALLY TO OUR TELESCOPE PARTNERS AND EVERYONE
01:26:50WHO LOOKED UP WITH US HERE
01:26:53TODAY. AND SO I THINK WE MAY
01:26:56HAVEECLIPSE PICTURES FROM THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION.
01:26:59WE'RE GOING TO SEE IF WE CAN GRAB THEM. NOW FOR YOU. IF YOU
01:27:01CAN'T. WE'LL BE RELEASING THEM
01:27:04SHORTLY AFTER THE ECLIPSE. WE'RE
01:27:06GOING TO BE POSTING THEM ONLINE
01:27:08SOON AFTER THE ECLIPSE. BUT YES,
01:27:12WE'RE HAPPY THAT THE SPACE STATION ASTRONAUTS WERE ABLE TO SEE THE ECLIPSE FROM SPACE. SO
01:27:15WE HAVE SOMETHING ELSE EXCITING
01:27:17HAPPENING IN JUST A FEW WEEKS. NASA'S KENNEDY SPACE CENTER
01:27:21LAUNCH COMPLEX IN FLORIDA WILL
01:27:22BECOME THE NEXT LAUNCH SITE FOR
01:27:26THE NANCY GRACE ROMAN SPACE TELESCOPE. THIS IS A ONE OF A
01:27:29KIND OBSERVATORY THAT WILL HELP ANSWER ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS ABOUT
01:27:32DARK ENERGY, EXOPLANETS, AND MUCH MORE ABOUT OUR SOLAR SYSTEM
01:27:36AND OUT TO THE OBSERVABLE UNIVERSE. THE LAUNCH IS
01:27:40CURRENTLY NO EARLIER THAN
01:27:42SUNDAY, AUGUST 30th. WE'RE SO
01:27:46EXCITED FOR YOU TO JOIN US NEXT
01:27:46TIME AS
01:27:53>> WASHINGTON JOURNAL INVITING
01:27:57YOU TO DISCUSS THE LATEST ISSUES IN GOVERNMENT AND PUBLIC POLICY.
01:28:00SUNDAY MORNING, CAMPAIGN 2026
01:28:03AND POLITICAL NEWS OF THE WEEK
01:28:05WITH ADAM GOODMAN AND DEMOCRATIC STRATEGIST MICHAEL AROSE
01:28:09APPEARING AT FORMER AMBASSADOR MARK GINSBERG WITH THE LATEST ON
01:28:13IRAN FROM HIS PERSPECTIVE AS A FORMER AMERICAN DIPLOMAT OVERSEAS.
01:28:19C-SPAN'S WASHINGTON JOURNAL. JOIN THE CONVERSATION LIVE AT 7:00 EASTERN SUNDAY MORNING ON
01:28:23C-SPAN, C-SPAN NOW, OR ONLINE AT C-SPAN.ORG.
01:28:30>> WATCH AMERICA'S BOOK CLUB.
01:28:34C-SPAN'S BOLD ORIGINAL SERIES. SUNDAY WITH OUR GUEST NATIONAL
01:28:38JOURNALIST AND AUTHOR LOIS ROMANO. HER BEST-SELLING BOOK ON MARY
01:28:41TODD LINCOLN REVEALS THE LIFE OF
01:28:46A FIRST LADY WHO NAVIGATED PERSONAL TURMOIL AND PUBLIC
01:28:49SCRUTINY DURING ONE OF THE MOST CONSEQUENTIAL MOMENTS IN U.S.
01:28:53HISTORY. THAT WAS SERVED AS AN EDITOR,
01:28:57COLUMNIST, AND REPORTER FOR THE WASHINGTON POST AND POLITICO AND
01:29:00IS BEST KNOWN FOR HER IN-DEPTH COVERAGE OF AMERICAN POLITICAL CULTURE.
01:29:03SHE JOINS OUR HOST DAVID
01:29:07RUBENSTEIN AT THE HISTORIC FORD'S THEATRE IN WASHINGTON,
01:29:11D.C. FOR A LIVELY DISCUSSION ON THE LEGACY AND MISCONCEPTIONS
01:29:14ABOUT MARY TODD LINCOLN AND THE PRESIDENCY OF ABRAHAM LINCOLN.
01:29:18>> YOU DECIDED TO WRITE A BOOK
01:29:20ON MARY TODD LINCOLN, ABRAHAM LINCOLN'S ONLY WIFE.
01:29:24WHY DID YOU DECIDE TO WRITE A BOOK? WHAT WAS YOUR CONCERN ABOUT HER
01:29:29REPUTATION THAT LED YOU TO WRITE THIS BOOK? >> HER BIOGRAPHY WAS NOT WELL-ROUNDED.
01:29:35SHE WAS JUDGED BY SOME OF HER FLAWS AND NO ONE SHOULD BE
01:29:39JUDGED BY ONLY HER FLAWS.
01:29:41FROM THE BEGINNING, I FELT MUCH COMPASSION.
01:29:45BY THE END, I FELT SO DEEPLY FOR HER.
01:29:49DURING THE COURSE OF HER LIFE, SHE LOST THREE CHILDREN.
01:29:53BEFORE 18. HER HUSBAND WAS SHOT IN FRONT OF
01:29:56HER AND SHE LOST HER MOTHER AT SIX.
01:29:59SHE WENT THROUGH A CIVIL WAR
01:30:00HALF OF HER FAMILY WAS FIGHTING FOR THE CONFEDERACY.
01:30:06SHE RECEIVED NO SYMPATHY OR EMPATHY FROM ANYONE.
01:30:10>> WATCH AMERICA'S BOOK CLUB
01:30:14SUNDAY AT 6:00 P.M. AND 9:00
01:30:15P.M. EASTERN AND PACIFIC COME ONLY ON C-SPAN.
01:30:22♪
01:30:28>> GET C-SPAN WHEREVER YOU ARE
01:30:32WITH C-SPAN NOW, OUR FREE MOBILE VIDEO APP THAT PUTS YOU AT THE
01:30:36CENTER OF DEMOCRACY. LIVE AND ON-DEMAND.
01:30:39KEEP UP WITH THE DAY'S BIGGEST EVENTS WITH LIVE STREAMS OF
01:30:42COURT PROCEEDINGS AND HEARINGS FROM THE U.S. CONGRESS.
01:30:46WHITE HOUSE EVENTS. THE QUARTER. CAMPAIGN.
01:30:48MORE FROM THE WORLD OF POLITICS ALL AT YOUR FINGERTIPS.
01:30:52CATCH THE LATEST EPISODES OF WASHINGTON JOURNAL, FIND
01:30:57SCHEDULING INFORMATION FOR C-SPAN'S TV AND RADIO