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00:00:08You're watching "L'essentiel" on France the 50th anniversary of one of the greatest bands in 24. Welcome if you're just joining us.
00:00:11First, Pope Leo XIV's prayer for France at the Grotto of
00:00:15Lourdes. The Supreme Pontiff continues his visit to France. Earlier
00:00:19today, he was in Paris to celebrate a large mass in the Place de la
00:00:22Concorde. Some 80,000 people, according to the Vatican, had made the
00:00:26trip to attend the service.
00:00:28Bangkok underwater. After 48 hours of torrential rain, many
00:00:32roads are flooded. 21 provinces of the country are
00:00:36affected. And then, thousands of people in the streets of
00:00:39Madrid protesting against Pedro Sanchez's government, accusing
00:00:43it of not protecting Spain's borders after the influx of migrants
00:00:46that occurred this summer in Ceuta, a mobilization supported by the right
00:00:50and the far
00:00:51right.
00:01:06Pope Leo XIV has therefore left Paris for Lourdes
00:01:10this evening, a new stage of his trip to France. Lourdes is one of the most
00:01:13the size of a lighter, forbidden, famous pilgrimage sites in the world. Tens of thousands of
00:01:16people were able to acclaim him again during his procession in
00:01:20the Popemobile in the Pyrenean city. The Pope
00:01:23then led a prayer for France at the Grotto of
00:01:27problem in reverse and Massabielle where the Virgin Mary is said to have appeared to a young shepherdess in
00:01:301858. He particularly called for a
00:01:34harmonious society and for leaders, and I quote, wise and
00:01:37generous, ready for self-sacrifice a few months before the presidential
00:01:41election.
00:01:44Pope Leo XIV, who was in Paris a few hours
00:01:46the auspices of the UN for the signing earlier where he celebrated a giant mass in the Place de la Concorde in
00:01:50the presence of hundreds of thousands of people. A look back at this
00:01:53second day of the visit with Julien
00:01:55Dubois.
00:01:58An immense crowd on the Champs-Élysées
00:02:02to catch a glimpse of Pope Leo
00:02:04XIV's Popemobile
00:02:06with a few stops along the way by the Supreme Pontiff to
00:02:10bless people with disabilities and
00:02:13children. The faithful and curious
00:02:16acclaim the Pope. Bravo, long live the
00:02:20Pope! Yes, we came especially to see the Pope and it was quite
00:02:24moving. He passed by in his Popemobile,
00:02:27uh... We
00:02:30didn't expect to find a spot like that. We hadn't bought tickets but in the end they
00:02:34told us "go, go, you can enter" so we entered. We were right in front of
00:02:38the barrier but he turned his head at the wrong moment. We are
00:02:41happy to have seen him nonetheless. It's a great moment of profound
00:02:45joy in union with the Church.
00:02:4870,000 people were gathered according to Vatican figures for this
00:02:52procession and the giant open-air mass in the Place de la
00:02:55Concorde. These people, this is one of the most beautiful
00:02:59periods, one of the days of their lives because they will be able, with other
00:03:03Christians with whom they share the same faith, with whom they share the same relationship with Jesus, to live
00:03:06something extraordinary on the most beautiful avenue in the world. A mass of one and a
00:03:10half hours celebrated by the Pope to conclude this visit to the
00:03:14capital, the first for a Supreme Pontiff
00:03:17since 2008. Earlier on Saturday, he visited
00:03:20a Catholic reception and integration center for migrants,
00:03:24and also met newly baptized Catholics at the Catholic
00:03:27University of Paris in the
00:03:30contents, what we call evening. Leo XIV arrived at the sanctuary of Lourdes for the continuation of his visit to
00:03:33France.
00:03:37And the Pope is now expected this Sunday to address a sensitive subject: sexual
00:03:40violence committed by members of the clergy. A meeting in
00:03:44Lourdes is planned with seven victims of violence, a
00:03:47format criticized by several associations.
00:03:50Etanaji.
00:03:53The mosaics adorning the facade of the Rosary Basilica in
00:03:57Lourdes, obscured for
00:03:59Formerly known as the Venice of the Pope's visit. Leo XIV. They are the work of the artist
00:04:03and Jesuit priest Marco Rupnik, accused
00:04:06of sexual assault and psychological manipulation by several of his
00:04:10former collaborators, including nuns. The
00:04:13Vatican reportedly exerted no pressure to conceal them, according to the Bishop of Tarbes
00:04:17and Lourdes, who invokes a
00:04:21the use of AI to commit symbolic decision out of respect for the pilgrims.
00:04:24It's important because the stories of my clients revealed that they themselves
00:04:28suffered abuse at the time the artwork itself was being
00:04:32created. During
00:04:35his visit to Lourdes scheduled for Sunday, the Supreme Pontiff
00:04:38will meet seven victims of sexual abuse within the French
00:04:41clergy. More than words and condemnations, many
00:04:45victims are now awaiting actions from Pope Leo XIV,
00:04:49famous pubs. Benjamin de who recently described sexual abuse in the church as an open
00:04:52wound. We hope, obviously,
00:04:56that this meeting will be strong and not
00:05:00only in terms of emotion, but in
00:05:03terms of taking a stand, and that he
00:05:06will display absolute shame regarding
00:05:09all these priests who committed the unspeakable. In
00:05:132021, a report from an independent commission
00:05:16estimated that 33,000
00:05:19children had suffered sexual violence within the Catholic Church in
00:05:22France, abuses going back seven decades. The
00:05:26restorative bodies created by the episcopate after the publication of this
00:05:30report, as well as victims' collectives, are already describing a
00:05:33missed opportunity. They would have preferred a full day of collective
00:05:37discussions. The Catholic authorities have put in place protection
00:05:41measures and financial reparations, but victims
00:05:45continue to demand accountability and more
00:05:48prevention.
00:05:52Now to Spain, where part of the population is still furious after the influx
00:05:56of migrants this summer in Ceuta. Thousands of people gathered
00:05:59this Saturday in Madrid to protest against the government of Pedro Sanchez's
00:06:03handling of the crisis. They are demanding early legislative
00:06:07elections. Julien Dubois.
00:06:11They came among the... in the streets of Madrid, Spanish flags
00:06:15in hand, to show their support for the residents of this
00:06:18state and to demand the resignation of Prime Minister Pedro
00:06:22Sanchez. These Spaniards are angry and reproach their
00:06:25leaders for not having protected their country's borders in
00:06:29Ceuta, a Spanish enclave in
00:06:31Africa. It's a real disaster. The people of
00:06:35Ceuta are at their wit's end, so I think they need to be supported, even if we are far
00:06:38from them.
00:06:41The government remains totally inactive. It does nothing
00:06:44and we want to protest because we think it's
00:06:47completely unfair. The policy towards Morocco consists
00:06:51of giving in to everything that country says, instead of defending
00:06:54Spain.
00:06:57Two months ago, more than 70,000 migrants from
00:07:00Morocco entered on foot or by swimming into the Spanish
00:07:03territory located in North Africa. Most of the migrants quickly
00:07:07returned to Morocco, but thousands remained in
00:07:10Spain. This Saturday's demonstration, organized
00:07:14by a civil society platform, was supported by conservatives
00:07:17and the far-right Vox party, whose leader
00:07:21Santiago Abascal came to demonstrate. Among the
00:07:24demands is the return of all migrants who entered
00:07:27Ceuta. Faced with this anger, the newspaper
00:07:30El País indicates that the Spanish government plans to adopt a decree
00:07:34on Tuesday to accelerate the return of migrants from Ceuta to
00:07:37Morocco. This week, Pedro Sanchez designated Morocco as
00:07:41responsible for this migration crisis, according to a
00:07:44report by the Spanish police, the number of Moroccan agents present at
00:07:48the border post on the days of the influx was significantly lower than
00:07:52normal.
00:07:55In Thailand, a state of natural disaster has been declared in
00:07:59Bangkok. The capital is underwater due to torrential rains. Many
00:08:02businesses, roads and homes have been
00:08:05flooded. Axel
00:08:06Simon.
00:08:10Submerged roads and residents
00:08:13having to move in more than twenty centimeters of water, while Bangkok's
00:08:17canals overflow and water seeps into buildings, life
00:08:20goes on at all costs in the streets of the Thai capital under the torrential rains.
00:08:24I
00:08:27am in shock, honestly this situation is quite
00:08:30frightening. Saturday night, the situation was
00:08:33considered stable, even if the roads are still flooded,
00:08:37the damage is already considerable. According to the
00:08:40Bangkok authorities, the most affected part
00:08:42is the east of the city. They have opened several temporary shelters in
00:08:46schools and prepared a million sandbags for residents to
00:08:50protect their homes and
00:08:51businesses.
00:08:54Warnings were rather limited this time. The only real alert came
00:08:58Thursday morning via a notification on our
00:09:00phones.
00:09:03Before that, I wasn't sufficiently informed to consider taking refuge
00:09:07elsewhere.
00:09:11the East, Bangkok is built on ancient swamps and is organized around
00:09:15a vast network of canals. The Thai capital regularly experiences
00:09:19seasonal floods, particularly in September during the
00:09:23monsoon period.
00:09:26It's been 10 or 15 years since we've seen such rain and this level of flooding
00:09:30here.
00:09:33In 2011, major floods across Thailand
00:09:36killed over 500 people and damaged millions of
00:09:39homes.
00:09:43This is the beautiful story of the day, a series of concerts that surprised and
00:09:47delighted the residents of Dublin in Ireland. The legendary
00:09:50group U2 decided to celebrate its 50th anniversary in its
00:09:54city. The crowd went wild when Bono and his partners appeared
00:09:58on the balcony of one of Dublin's most
00:10:02l'Ombre,
00:10:06this is probably every rock fan's
00:10:08dream,
00:10:11to see U2 appear and play as naturally as possible on the balcony
00:10:15of a
00:10:15cafe.
00:10:26Surprise and free concert yesterday in Dublin to celebrate
00:10:31history.
00:10:35Half a century of hits that the Irish street
00:10:38passionately sings along to. A truly
00:10:42unforgettable
00:10:52moment. for those who experienced it. I'm very excited. We're very
00:11:00excited to be here for their
00:11:03anniversary.
00:11:06For these 50 years, U2 wanted to blow out its candles at home in Dublin
00:11:09and especially where it all began.
00:11:13In the afternoon, the band played for the students
00:11:16and teachers of Mount Temple Comprehensive
00:11:19School, the school where Bono, The
00:11:22Edge and the others met for the first time in September
00:11:261976. The school is so
00:11:29important. We would never have met otherwise. A
00:11:3350th anniversary as close as possible to the public, U2 true to its
00:11:37habits and its
00:11:39roots.
00:11:41And that's the end of L'essentiel, stay with us, we'll be back
00:11:45tomorrow for a new evening
00:11:46of information.
00:12:03Hello and welcome to "Aux Avant-postes", the show that
00:12:06seeks meaning in the chaos of the world. Without attacking
00:12:10the powerful to dry up the breeding ground of
00:12:13cybercrime, our guest is not afraid,
00:12:16she is the one who arrested Pavel Durov,
00:12:20founder of the messaging network Telegram, and she
00:12:23is also the one who summoned Elon Musk for the
00:12:26excesses of his social network XX
00:12:29Twitter. Johanna Brous is the deputy prosecutor of
00:12:32the Paris public prosecutor's office in charge of the fight against
00:12:36cybercrime. She publishes with Jean-Claude
00:12:39Lattes a grimly titled book "Cyber
00:12:42Combatant", a work co-written with journalist
00:12:46Clémence de de Blazie. Hello Johanna Brous. Hello. So
00:12:50it's a book that is both a personal narrative and a
00:12:53professional narrative. Why did you, and it's rare,
00:12:57want to write while you are still in office? So what you
00:13:01need to know is that the cyber threat today has polymorphic forms and is especially very
00:13:05intense, and this book is, through
00:13:08the investigations we've been able to conduct, to take readers into
00:13:12these investigations and show them the state of the threat, because it's getting stronger
00:13:15and stronger, you say it, and really, we feel when reading your
00:13:19book that it concerns absolutely everything: child sexual abuse,
00:13:23data theft, we wonder what escapes cybercriminals.
00:13:27Exactly, but that's kind of the observation we make in the justice system
00:13:30today. We talk about the cyberization of crime. Oh, really? So
00:13:34what does that mean? It means that even traditional
00:13:37delinquencies today, well,
00:13:40will use a cyber vector to commit offenses. For example, it will be
00:13:44car theft using the hacking of connected speakers, it will be
00:13:48the hacking of bank ATMs to
00:13:52empty them and retrieve the
00:13:55cyber-robbery. Today, all forms of
00:13:59delinquency have this digital component, and we must respond.
00:14:02So there's this aspect where all crimes and
00:14:06offenses can also go digital, and the other
00:14:10aspect that is also very important in your book is that it's
00:14:12cross-border, and it gives the impression that it makes your
00:14:16task even more difficult. Indeed, nothing is done
00:14:20without international cooperation. You have to imagine that the evidence is
00:14:24scattered around the world. Whether it's digital evidence, for example, IP
00:14:27addresses that need to be found, whether it's cryptocurrencies, so there's
00:14:31a need for this international cooperation and our
00:14:34police partners and foreign magistrates to conduct the
00:14:37investigations. Everyone has a piece of the puzzle, and by assembling them, we
00:14:41succeed in identifying and apprehending cybercriminals. So what we discover in
00:14:45your book, and it's very honest of you, you say you're not a geek. You
00:14:49arrived in 2017, if my memory serves me well, in this
00:14:52J3 cybercrime
00:14:55service. You were two or three, and today you are
00:14:5812, 13, is that about right? How do you manage
00:15:01not being a digital specialist to adapt? You had to learn
00:15:05everything. So that's what I explain in the book, the
00:15:09beginnings were a bit complicated because on your first day, I came from the criminal
00:15:12permanent office, so I dealt with rapes, murders, drug trafficking,
00:15:16and on my first day at J3 they told me, "Johanna, it would be good to
00:15:20monitor a botnet network," and with those
00:15:23words, it took a little
00:15:25time to adapt. What are they? They're basically
00:15:29computers used to attack. Exactly. So you
00:15:32adapted. We adapted. We trained and we gained
00:15:36power progressively. Yeah, there's one lesson you didn't learn,
00:15:40uh, that you were given at the beginning of your career,
00:15:43you were told, if you want to make a career
00:15:46in your, in the
00:15:49justice system, you were advised to keep
00:15:52quiet, and you did the complete opposite. That's
00:15:55one of the first pieces of advice I was given, and I thought to myself, but in justice, we are here precisely to
00:15:59speak for victims and
00:16:03protect society, so no, indeed, I have always
00:16:05fought, but it's not just me.
00:16:15I still feel when I read you that you have, well, you have
00:16:18shaken up habits very clearly, and each time you were
00:16:22told, "No, it's not possible, she's dreaming." You describe very well in this
00:16:26book that you tried to mount
00:16:29operations differently, meaning that if you wait for the victim's complaint to
00:16:33go after criminals and cybercriminals, you're too late.
00:16:36So you thought about how to attack the cyber
00:16:40vector to go after criminals. Concretely, what is it? It's the
00:16:44"prison break" operation where we realized that in French prisons, there were indeed
00:16:47a lot of mobile phones, and especially mini-phones
00:16:51obviously forbidden, and we said to ourselves, "well, great, what we need
00:16:54to do is dismantle the clandestine fleet of miniature
00:16:58phones in France," and we launched a national
00:17:01operation. So, that's taking the
00:17:05cutting off the tap to avoid having
00:17:08to pick up all the cases one by one. A lot of
00:17:12imagination, therefore. A lot of
00:17:15imagination. You have to be one step ahead of the criminals, that's
00:17:18essential. Yes, so I said at the beginning, you
00:17:22took a very strong stance on
00:17:24Pavel Durov, the creator of the Telegram network, the
00:17:27Telegram messaging service, and also on Elon
00:17:30Musk. Pavel Durov, you arrested him. Elon Musk, you summoned
00:17:34him, he didn't come. So I'd like us to listen to the reaction.
00:17:37First, from the spokesperson of the European Commission, named Thomas
00:17:41Reigner, who spoke on January 5, 2026,
00:17:44and then you'll see, we'll have a French deputy, Éric Beauté, who
00:17:48spoke in April 2026. The
00:17:52first one promises that
00:17:54Europe will react, and the other is satisfied with the fact that you
00:17:58reacted. Let's
00:17:59listen.
00:18:02We are perfectly aware of the fact that X or Groq, or
00:18:05X for Groq, now offers a so-called "daring" mode featuring
00:18:09explicit sexual content, including some generated images depicting
00:18:13children. This is not daring, it's illegal, it's
00:18:16revolting, it's repugnant, that's how we see it, and it
00:18:20has no place in Europe.
00:18:24And I rejoice that I am in a country that decides,
00:18:27through its national law, to use its national law to assert
00:18:30that platforms are welcome here, but on condition that they operate under the
00:18:34conditions we ourselves have set. So,
00:18:36Johanna Brous, deputy prosecutor
00:18:40of the Republic, uh, you dared
00:18:43twice to arrest Pavel Durov and then summon Elon
00:18:46Musk. Uh, why did
00:18:49you dare? In fact, in French law, there is an
00:18:53offense called the offense of illicit platform administration, which allows us
00:18:56to demand accountability from the
00:18:59leaders of large platforms when these platforms do not
00:19:02comply with the law. So, indeed, an investigation was
00:19:05opened against the Telegram network. Pavel Durov was
00:19:09arrested and indicted by the investigating judges because he refused to collaborate,
00:19:12that's one of the problems. There are
00:19:16other offenses on his platform. What he's also
00:19:20accused of is not having done enough moderation, and yes,
00:19:24cleaning up. So, you could see child pornography images. He has that whole
00:19:27side of things. And then, the X case for which he was indeed
00:19:31seized by a deputy and summoned
00:19:34Elon Musk, Elinda Jacarino, who
00:19:37managed X in France, to hear them on the facts they were
00:19:41accused of. They did not come. We
00:19:45opened a judicial investigation against them and requested their indictment.
00:19:49With Pavel Durov, you were lucky, he came to
00:19:51France. He did
00:19:55indeed spend a few days in Paris and was arrested. He was
00:19:59arrested, yeah. Uh, when you take this initiative,
00:20:02uh, is it you individually who takes it? You
00:20:05don't ask for authorization from the executive
00:20:09power, even less from the President of the Republic. So justice is
00:20:13completely independent, it does not report uh, indeed to the executive
00:20:16power. However, uh, the public prosecutor's office, and this is its
00:20:19strength, we are a collective, so that means that when I make this decision, obviously I discuss
00:20:23it with the Paris public prosecutor, Laure Beccuau, I discuss it with colleagues, and it is this collective
00:20:26that allows us to stand firm, uh, because in these cases
00:20:30there are very strong political and diplomatic stakes, and the pressure can
00:20:34at times be quite heavy. So with
00:20:36Pavel Durov, you got immediate results. You write
00:20:40in the book that just two days after his
00:20:43arrest, the platform suddenly started collaborating.
00:20:47Indeed, very soon we received
00:20:51answers to our requisitions, which then allows cases to move forward, because
00:20:54when you know who posted such a child
00:20:58pornographic image on the platform, you can go and arrest them. So
00:21:01we need this information. Yes, and so now you got it more easily and
00:21:05we can say that the collaboration is easier
00:21:08now, and so it's going well. The collaboration is good. So we had to take
00:21:12action. In any case, we had the legal framework
00:21:16that allowed us, and today the investigation continues.
00:21:20And we'll see in the end if there are enough elements or
00:21:23not to refer him to a court. So the investigation must
00:21:26continue calmly and everything will be carefully examined. And then you go
00:21:30after Elon Musk? After we are
00:21:32seized. You, in relation
00:21:36to this multinational,
00:21:39well, it's an important case that we handled with
00:21:43seriousness. Now it's no longer my responsibility. There
00:21:46are investigating judges who will continue the investigation and they will see
00:21:50if there is a need to go further. It was important,
00:21:52exemplarity. Exemplarity is important for everyone. And
00:21:56what's also important to remember is that justice is
00:21:59the same for everyone. I think that's a message we must
00:22:03convey and to which we must be committed. Hmm, so what
00:22:07pleasantly surprised me when reading
00:22:11your book is the aspect of international cooperation. Uh,
00:22:14you don't seem to complain about it, quite the contrary, you find that
00:22:18it works rather well, which is quite surprising on
00:22:22this aspect. So I suggest we listen to the Vietnamese
00:22:25President, Luong Cuong, who spoke on October
00:22:2925, 2026, 25, and it was on
00:22:32the occasion of a meeting under
00:22:36by some sixty countries of a convention to
00:22:40precisely further improve cooperation in the
00:22:43fight against cybercrime. Let's
00:22:46listen.
00:22:49For the convention to be truly implemented in practice, it requires not only
00:22:53political will but also international cooperation in terms of
00:22:57resources, training, technical assistance, and technology
00:23:00transfer. These efforts will contribute to strengthening the capacities of
00:23:03nations and building a safe and stable
00:23:06cyberspace.
00:23:08There are two aspects: political will. Do you
00:23:12feel it in the cooperation?
00:23:14Not really, because we are very
00:23:17operational, meaning that there are texts, conventions that
00:23:21exist and we apply them to be able to ask for help from different countries. Thanks
00:23:25to that, I've been able to carry out
00:23:27searches all over the world. For example, I went to Canada to
00:23:30arrest a hacker who had committed ransomware attacks. We see you in
00:23:34Morocco too. I went to Morocco, I even went to
00:23:37Russia at another time. it was finally me, I
00:23:41regularly go to Senegal too, so there it's more for
00:23:45training projects, but because we need to initiate these
00:23:48trainings and this dialogue with our partners to be effective
00:23:51collectively, can we push this cooperation further?
00:23:55yes, I think we can push it because sometimes the processing times are a
00:23:59bit long, that's what I also talk about in the book, it took us almost 2 years to recover
00:24:03a mobile phone in Brazil, so we recovered it but it's 2 years
00:24:06of investigation and perseverance, so there are
00:24:10also several countries that want to recover either
00:24:13elements or tools or people, so there too we need to
00:24:17agree on who will take on the
00:24:20prosecution and so on, and does that improve or
00:24:23not? Yes, overall, I think today everyone
00:24:26manages to find their place and there is in any case in Europe an extraordinary
00:24:30cooperation tool called Eurojust. Eurojust is
00:24:33located in The Hague in the Netherlands, and it allows you, when you have
00:24:37difficulties on a case, whether the evidence is scattered around the world or the
00:24:40perpetrators are everywhere on the planet, to
00:24:44meet, exchange, see who will give what for which investigation and who will
00:24:47arrest which person, so that's extremely important. So it works with many
00:24:51countries, it works less, as you said, with Russia, how does it work with
00:24:55Beijing and with Washington? Well, Russia has
00:24:58no more cooperation at all, it has been suspended,
00:25:00with China, there are returns of requests for mutual assistance and
00:25:04letters rogatory, and with the United States we manage to have very
00:25:08good operational cooperation, we
00:25:10regularly build cases together, recently,
00:25:13I think it was in July, we dismantled a
00:25:17platform that allowed to create... fake sexual content, concretely what is it?
00:25:20These are women who were put on
00:25:24this platform and undressed in extremely suggestive positions,
00:25:28it was the United States that alerted us to the
00:25:31existence of this platform, that gave us the elements to identify and arrest
00:25:34the perpetrator in France, and he was judged and condemned in Paris, so you see
00:25:38these are very concrete implications. Okay, so there are platforms where
00:25:42things don't go as well, the platform
00:25:45located in Australia, or I don't know if it's Kick, yes, there is a case
00:25:49indeed.
00:25:52There are some pretty bad things on this platform, the leaders didn't want to meet you, simply.
00:25:55So, sometimes, indeed, when
00:25:58we summon people we want to hear, they don't come.
00:26:02In this case, a preliminary investigation was also opened,
00:26:05and the prosecutor of Paris, Lord Becio, indicated that
00:26:09arrest warrants had been requested. It's not because
00:26:13people don't come that justice will not continue its work. And then there is another
00:26:16aspect that is also close to your heart, which is
00:26:20prevention. How to prevent or
00:26:22train internet users so that they are not victims of
00:26:26cybercriminals. I suggest you listen to Scott Bessent, who is
00:26:29the US Secretary of the Treasury. He spoke on
00:26:33September 1, 2026, at a G20 finance
00:26:36meeting, and he also insists on the
00:26:40need to train internet users. Let's
00:26:42listen to him:
00:26:44Financial education is not just a program for
00:26:48young people, we find that many of our elders are targeted by
00:26:52fraudsters at a time when cybercrime is on
00:26:54the rise, by working together, we can foster a
00:26:58growing economy, give everyone the knowledge needed to
00:27:01benefit from it...
00:27:09also on prevention, why? If we want to be
00:27:12effective, we must, well, when I say effective, it means being a
00:27:15cyber-resilient nation, we must train young
00:27:18people as early as possible in the good uses of the
00:27:22internet, we set up with national
00:27:25education, the gendarmerie, cyber malicious acts, the CNIL,
00:27:29an operation called Cactus which aims to... educate all
00:27:33middle and high school students in France about cyber risks, so it's
00:27:37an operation that is reproduced year after year, so we are truly trying to have a very
00:27:41strong commitment, and even more so, you will have noticed that we have had
00:27:44a wave of data leaks in France committed
00:27:47essentially by either minors or young adults.
00:27:51Oh yes, and that's what we also see in your book, the hackers
00:27:55you arrest are young, aren't they? They are very young, yes.
00:27:59And so the young are both obviously among the
00:28:02first victims with the elderly, but they are also among the
00:28:06hackers who succeed in operations.
00:28:09Exactly, because we notice that we have a lot of
00:28:13young people who are very strong in cyber matters but who will cut
00:28:16themselves off from the world, isolate themselves, sometimes no longer leave their rooms, and they
00:28:20will, well, live, build a certain notoriety through this
00:28:24myth of the hero hacker, and that's what we're trying to deconstruct.
00:28:28Regularly, when I have young people in police custody, sometimes minors, we can't
00:28:32do the whole operation in one go because we have to analyze the computer equipment,
00:28:35so they will have to come back, and I tell them, "You will have to come back, but in the meantime, I want you to
00:28:39be enrolled, I don't know, in sports, that you have gone back to school, and you
00:28:43will come back with the supporting documents, and we will take them into account." And so
00:28:46just a few days ago, a young person
00:28:50came back with all his supporting documents for enrollment in the gym, and so that's
00:28:54the first step towards reintegration, it's basic,
00:28:57getting them out of their rooms and showing them that there's another world
00:29:01possible. Victims of a lot of naivety.
00:29:05Yes, and naivety, and then I think
00:29:08sometimes these are young people who are in social difficulties, they don't
00:29:12necessarily have many friends, and through these hacking acts, they
00:29:15feel like they exist, they find an existence, an existence.
00:29:19So that's exactly what we need to deconstruct. So you also say
00:29:23in the book that your operations have made it possible to
00:29:26recover a lot of money, especially in Bitcoin
00:29:29and so on. However, we see that your means are not
00:29:33extraordinary, yet the AI wave
00:29:36is coming, and behind it the quantum wave, which
00:29:40will give criminals, cybercriminals
00:29:44more and more means, we already see it. Oh, you already see it, we already see it
00:29:48through the hacking acts that are committed thanks
00:29:52to AI, and we are starting to raise the alarm by
00:29:56saying that we will have to think also about this
00:29:59question, should an AI provider who does not sufficiently protect their
00:30:03AI, which allows the realization of cyberattacks and other
00:30:06information, at this level, be able to have their
00:30:09responsibility
00:30:12of the creator of the AI algorithm, so that's not for us to
00:30:15get involved in this debate, it's for the parliamentarians, but in any case, we are raising the alarm by saying
00:30:19here, beware, there is a resurgence of
00:30:23cybercrimes. And a last question, so for your investigations, does
00:30:27AI and quantum tomorrow make your investigations even more complicated?
00:30:30I hope not, you will have the means, well, we will have the
00:30:34means, if the large platforms play the game, we can send them
00:30:38requests, they will send us
00:30:40evidence and we can go and catch the
00:30:43criminals, no, I hope not, I remain, I remain confident, very well, thank you Johanna Brous for your
00:30:47answers, it's time for our segment in the
00:30:50radar,
00:30:51to live, an investigation, a study, an
00:30:56article that caught my attention this week,