Google Cloud Speech-to-Text API (Chirp) + Gemini 2.5 Flash Non-Thinking. Treat it as a searchable index of what was broadcast, not a quotation record.
00:00:00help with the model, so we made figures out of
00:00:04dough and they drew and so I helped them a little, hung out with
00:00:08them and uh, I got a little
00:00:11younger even more.
00:00:14The youngest members of the society learned an important life lesson through
00:00:18this action: how to be a good
00:00:21person. With their example, they showed
00:00:25their peers, but also adults, how with good
00:00:28will and a little effort someone... whom we can help a lot,
00:00:31comes the winter period,
00:00:34meaning children go to school then it's cold and they don't socialize, so that they don't
00:00:38hang around corners, a little on
00:00:42the street over here, let's interest them in
00:00:45something, to teach them to be socially
00:00:49useful. If they are
00:00:52useful to society, they will be useful to themselves and
00:00:55to society. We grew up with
00:00:57some shows by Branko... Kockica
00:01:00and similar, so we learned some
00:01:04values, so let's pass on the
00:01:08same values to these children today, so that they can be good
00:01:11people. After the sales exhibition, the second
00:01:15part of the action followed. Santa Claus went in a fire truck from
00:01:18address to address, handing out packages, and
00:01:21the children left this part of the action to their
00:01:24older colleagues from the volunteer fire
00:01:27department. Thus, with joint cooperation, the main goal was achieved: to make
00:01:31the youngest happy for the holidays. I first drew
00:01:34some
00:01:37drawing, firefighters come to put out the fire
00:01:40from the house, so my sister scratched it, then
00:01:44our dad printed something and I
00:01:48colored it, so I drew drawings and
00:01:50I made buildings and
00:01:54a hospital, it was nice and fun for
00:01:57me. To be a hero means to help
00:02:00whoever needs help.
00:02:04Good deeds must not go unnoticed.
00:02:08Report and present your
00:02:10hero, share with us the good in people.
00:03:56More air conditioners, more data centers, more electric cars.
00:04:00Around the world, we're using more and more
00:04:02electricity,
00:04:05but there's good news, wind and solar power are stepping up to
00:04:08meet that demand. Less fossil fuels, more
00:04:12renewables, the green energy transition is underway,
00:04:15and scientists are working on something even bigger, nuclear
00:04:19fusion. It's a potential game changer, unlimited energy
00:04:23emission free.
00:04:26Join us for electrifying insights on this addition.
00:04:31of dw science show, welcome to tomorrow
00:04:33today.
00:04:35what does a donut have to do with the
00:04:37quite a sun? what does a blowpipe have to do with a
00:04:40furnace? and what happened on May 22nd,
00:04:432025? a really exciting day here at the
00:04:46institute, it was top
00:04:49notch, but first things
00:04:52first, let's start with our everburning star and a
00:04:55question, can the sun's fusion process be replicated
00:04:59to? energy here on earth? scientists have
00:05:03been trying and failing to achieve this for
00:05:05decades. we still don't have commercial fusion
00:05:09reactors, but we do have research.
00:06:01At w7x we mainly produce hydrogen
00:06:04plasmas, we feed in hydrogen gas which is
00:06:08ionized by heater and turned into a
00:06:10plasma.
00:06:14Here's how it works: inside the machine is vacuum
00:06:17chamber shaped like twisted
00:06:19donnut.
00:06:22Normally, a tiny amount of hydrogen enters as a gas through a
00:06:25valve and is heated to extreme
00:06:27temperatures.
00:06:30Microwaves then strike the hydrogen atoms,
00:06:34ionizing them and transforming the gas into a plasma,
00:06:37heated to tens of millions of degrees
00:06:40celsius. The plasma.
00:07:12The successful attempt relied a new approach. Instead of feeding
00:07:16hydrogen gas through a valve, researchers use tiny frozen
00:07:20hydrogen
00:07:20pellets.
00:07:25They're shot in through kind of blowpipe, like the ones we made back in
00:07:28school, but these pellets are propelled by pressurized
00:07:32gas. They dissolve, melt, and quickly vaporize,
00:07:36becoming plasma. So there's a constant supply of plasma
00:07:39like shoveling coal into a furnace. die Kohle
00:07:43nachschaufeln, das ist das gleiche.
00:07:46The heat in this furnace is contained by magnetic fields
00:07:49generated by a complex array of
00:07:51magnets. They keep the plasma from touching
00:07:55the chamber walls because contact would cool it down
00:07:59instantly. Designing the W7X
00:08:02magnet configuration required supercomputers and years of
00:08:06planning.
00:08:08So, when can we expect the first fusion reactor to go online?
00:08:15a conservative estimate says sometime in the second half of the
00:08:18century, 2060 or 2070, something like
00:08:22that, but it's pointless to speculate, because we
00:08:25could also take a much bolder, unconventional approach. in
00:08:29fact, many startups are doing that.
00:08:33there are now about 50 fusion startups worldwide, taking a
00:08:36variety of approaches. they're aiming for success in the
00:08:402030s, which is practically tomorrow. but whether it will
00:08:43be the 2030s or the 2070s is something that
00:08:47no one can say for sure.
00:08:50for
00:08:52now the accelerator is undergoing maintenance with number of
00:08:56upgrades scheduled over the next few months.
00:09:00then w7x will be back and chasing new
00:09:03records.
00:09:08did you know that nuclear fishion, the process behind nuclear power?
00:09:12day is considered more dangerous than nuclear
00:09:15fusion, fish in accidents can release massive amounts of
00:09:19radioactive material, as happened in Fukushima and
00:09:23Chernoble. Fusion is safer and doesn't
00:09:26produce high-level radioactive waste that must be stored
00:09:29safely for millennia, yet Finland is betting a
00:09:33future powered by nuclear
00:09:35fishion.
00:09:41Peninsula on Finland's. West coast is one of the country's
00:09:44most important energy hubs. It's home
00:09:47to three nuclear reactor units. The newest one went
00:09:51into commercial operation in 2023. The turbine
00:09:54hall is where the massive generators are located. They're driven by
00:09:58heat from the reactor, which is how the electricity is
00:10:01produced.
00:10:05Alquiloato 3 has capacity of 1600
00:10:08megwts, making it one of the largest nuclear reactors in the
00:10:11EU. The facility covers about 14% of
00:10:15Finland's electricity production.
00:10:18The company's press officer says public concerns were
00:10:21minimal. We have been measuring for 40 years
00:10:24this. people fear and what what how do they like
00:10:28nuclear power and uh they they like
00:10:32nuclear power lot today, they are not afraid of the
00:10:35waste, it's not a major concern anymore, we have
00:10:38solution here in alkilot so the support for
00:10:42nuclear is good in every
00:10:44party, but there were some problems here
00:10:48too, construction was supposed to last from 2005 to
00:10:522009, but in the end it took 14. additional
00:10:55years. The project was plagued with delays including loose
00:10:59parts in the turbine and issues with the instrumentation and control
00:11:03system. After multiple repairs, the final cost had
00:11:0711 billion euros, about four times the original
00:11:10budget. So we were, we were pioneers, so there was
00:11:14a long break that nobody was building here in western
00:11:18Europe, nuclear power,
00:11:20so the readiness to build was not
00:11:24very good. and also the power plant was new
00:11:27design and it was uh
00:11:31not designed in detail level, so plans
00:11:35were changed during the project, but
00:11:38there were no protests over the delays and soring
00:11:41costs, and now the new plant is delivering
00:11:44electricity to the country. as in
00:11:47France, in Finland, nuclear energy is considered green
00:11:51energy. the operator has proudly called the new
00:11:54reactor. Finland's largest climate
00:11:56project.
00:12:00Finland is one of several European nations investing in nuclear
00:12:04energy. New reactors are underway in
00:12:07France, and Slovakia, while
00:12:09Poland is preparing to build its first commercial nuclear power
00:12:13plant.
00:12:16The question is, what is ultimately the better
00:12:18past? I think that when you look at new build
00:12:22projects today, the cost increases.
00:12:55nuclear power than without it, the finish
00:12:58operators don't understand Germany's nuclear phase
00:13:01out, because big country like Germany, very big
00:13:05country, so if you want to reach
00:13:08reach 100% renewables and electricity
00:13:11systems, we haven't seen it yet in a big
00:13:15country, so all the best for the for this
00:13:18challenging effort that
00:13:22that you can hopefully do without nock.
00:13:25but the our solution is is
00:13:28nuclear and renewables together. the
00:13:31finns have also found solution for the nuclear
00:13:34waste. geologist Johanna
00:13:37savunan is on her way to the construction site near the power
00:13:40plants. at more than 450 meters
00:13:44below ground, the world's first permanent repository for
00:13:47high-level radioactive waste is taking
00:13:50shape.
00:13:53underground tunnels will soon. store spent fuel rods for thousands of
00:13:57years, the nuclear waste bunker has attracted
00:14:00worldwide attention.
00:14:04i feel proud, i feel proud that we are taking action in a
00:14:08difficult manner and not just waiting for some
00:14:11others to show the way. i feel that this
00:14:15is an issue that needs to be solved and i'm i feel proud
00:14:18that Finland is doing exactly that.
00:14:22300 meters long and carved into granite. rock,
00:14:26the tunnels will one day store highly radioactive
00:14:29nuclear waste. An elevator will bring the
00:14:32copper canisters filled with spent fuel elements down into the
00:14:36repository. Each canister will be placed in a
00:14:39hole. The holes and the tunnel will be plugged with
00:14:42bentonite, and the tunnel finally will be sealed with
00:14:46concrete.
00:14:48The onkalo repository will go online in 2026. The
00:14:52waste will remain here for over 10000 years. until it
00:14:56is only minimally radioactive.
00:14:59radioactive waste is
00:15:02difficult subject and people don't know lot about
00:15:06it, so people tend to be afraid of something they don't know
00:15:10about. many fins place great trust in
00:15:14the work of their scientists. they
00:15:16believe that nuclear power is the best choice, and that
00:15:20mix of wind power and nuclear energy will secure
00:15:23an emissions free.
00:16:08It was agreed that we would search for the best possible repository site
00:16:11a white map, based solely on scientific
00:16:14criteria.
00:16:16That s apart from many countries in the world, including
00:16:19Finland, where the search followed a completely different process. And
00:16:23the public debate was very
00:16:25different.
00:16:29Finland is the first country in the world to develop a long-term
00:16:33storage plan for its nuclear waste.
00:16:38and the reactors in Orkiluoto will supply the
00:16:41fins with electricity for decades to
00:16:43come.
00:16:49By 2030, Germany aims to generate 80%
00:16:53of its electricity from renewables like wind and solar
00:16:57power. A key part of this green energy
00:17:00transition is battery storage. It
00:17:03stores excess energy for later use when demand is high.
00:17:07that helps stabilize the power grid and prevent
00:17:10overloads.
00:17:16The energy transition is happening right here in Valsum. A battery
00:17:20energy storage system is being built a four hour
00:17:23system. It will deliver 50 megw of
00:17:27power enough to supply a mid-sized German city
00:17:30of 10000 to 150,000 people for 4
00:17:33hours.
00:17:37It has to make economic sense, we're a business, so it has to pay
00:17:40off. Kevin Galla is an electricity
00:17:43trader for major German energy company.
00:17:47Soon, he won't just be selling electricity from gas and hard cold
00:17:50power plants, he'll also be buying and storing
00:17:53it.
00:17:56By spring 2026, new battery system will be running
00:18:00here. It can deliver 50 megaws of
00:18:03electricity about the output of a small gas plant
00:18:07for. 4 hours
00:18:10because it's plugged straight into the grid, the battery can store
00:18:14surplus renewable power and release it when demand
00:18:17rises, turning those swings into
00:18:20profit.
00:18:23ultimately we're taking a business risk, but we believe
00:18:26flexibility is key for the energy
00:18:29transition.
00:18:31right now it feels like a gold rush, prices on the power
00:18:35exchange fluctuate daily, As seen from a July weekly
00:18:39chart: during the day, solar floods the grid
00:18:43and prices drop. In the
00:18:45evening and early morning, fossil plants ramp up and prices
00:18:49rise. Battery storage systems profit from those
00:18:52swings. Think of it like squirrels gathering
00:18:56nuts. We trade every 15 minutes, often the same
00:19:00energy again and again. Sometimes it's
00:19:02just tiny price differences, but over time you scoop up the
00:19:06returns. This business model has been tested for about
00:19:1010 years with a 15 megaw hour pilot system.
00:19:14German grid operators have received speculative requests for battery
00:19:17projects totaling 500 gigawatts far above the
00:19:21country's peak demand. If all were built, their combined
00:19:24capacity could for few hours match the output of
00:19:28roughly 500 nuclear power
00:19:30plants.
00:19:32With growing flexibility, more storage systems and more
00:19:35co-locations, meaning more pairing.
00:20:01the grid's heartbeat its frequency became
00:20:04unstable could battery storage systems have prevented?
00:20:58investigators say high voltage triggered the blackout, but also
00:21:01note that the grid lacked stabilizing reactive power,
00:21:04which may have made things worse.
00:21:07technically batteries can provide reactive power, right
00:21:11now there's no real market for it and it isn't
00:21:13financially,
00:21:17wenn wir es nicht gemeinsam. we create a system
00:21:21together with everyone in the market. we won't be
00:21:24able to build large scale battery storage, even though it's
00:21:28essential for our future
00:21:29grid.
00:21:32that's a crucial point. so far, fossil plants have supplied
00:21:36reactive power almost automatically. the grid
00:21:39operator asks for it, the generators provide it, and
00:21:43electricity flows smoothly, but
00:21:46coal and lignite are set to be phased out by 2038 at the
00:21:49latest. once they're gone, reactive power won't
00:21:53come automatically, so a formal market needs to secure
00:21:57supply. The big question is, can batteries
00:22:00deliver during the dark duldrums, those long stretches with little sun
00:22:04or wind?
00:22:07Battery storage is being put to the test here, what role
00:22:11will they play in tomorrow's energy system? With mega
00:22:15batteries on the rise, do we even need new backup gas
00:22:19plants at all?
00:22:50Last winter the grid came under pressure. These energy
00:22:53charts show which plants supplied power and how
00:22:56much. Up to November 1st wind was strong, but
00:23:00in the following days it
00:23:01dropped.
00:23:04The week winter sun didn't add much. Gas
00:23:08plants stepped in with up to 15 gigaws and
00:23:12coal also ramped up to about 20
00:23:14gig.
00:23:18Two weeks later. "the wind
00:23:20returned,
00:23:23fossil plants scaled back and the dark doldrums were
00:23:27over.
00:23:30At that point, batteries aren't enough, they
00:23:34can still smooth demand a little, but we need
00:23:37gas plants, and in the medium term, gas plants that
00:23:41run on hydrogen or hydrogen-related products oder
00:23:44Wasserstoff verwandten Produkten betrieben
00:23:46werden.
00:24:33Batteries have the edge for short-term energy
00:24:36storage. By contrast, hydrogen can
00:24:40hold huge amounts of energy for months, but
00:24:43producing hydrogen takes a lot of energy,
00:24:47ideally from renewable sources. That's what makes
00:24:50it green hydrogen, and it's being produced in
00:24:54places you might not
00:24:55expect.
00:24:59The Fuffenhofen wastewater plant does more than treats
00:25:03sewage. It's also hosting an experiment.
00:25:06Andreas Hashman and Holga Kloss lead the project.
00:25:10Their goal is to produce renewable energy locally that can also be
00:25:14stored. Inside this container, hydrogen is being
00:25:17made.
00:28:02to meet our needs, so the question remains, where else could it come
00:28:06from? either way, it will cost
00:28:08more. Egly study says investment
00:28:11costs are the main reason prices will sore. interest rates
00:28:15are now much higher than the expected 4
00:28:18to8%. In Sudan, rates are over
00:28:2126%. These unexpectedly high
00:28:24costs for green hydrogen from Africa could slow Europe's
00:28:28shift to clean energy in heavy industry, and that
00:28:32means...
00:29:02from Europe could help make some African projects
00:29:05possible and bring benefits to both Africa
00:29:09and
00:29:09Europe.
00:29:14What are stars made of? How many
00:29:17colors can butterflies see? Could
00:29:20robots have babies one day? Do you
00:29:23have science question? Then send it to us as a video,
00:29:27text or voice message. If we answer
00:29:30it in the show, then we'll send you.
00:29:32little gift as a thank you, so just
00:29:35ask.
00:29:40that's all for now, but we hope you'll join us again next time
00:29:44for more exciting stories from the world of science and technology
00:29:48here tomorrow today.
00:30:26Good evening, dear viewers, welcome to
00:30:28the diary.
00:30:32Hashim Thaçi sentenced to 25 years
00:30:35in prison, his associates from 13 to 25
00:30:38years, the verdict caused great dissatisfaction among KLA supporters.
00:30:57Until the end of the show, among other things, watch.