Google Cloud Speech-to-Text API (Chirp) + Gemini 2.5 Flash Non-Thinking. Treat it as a searchable index of what was broadcast, not a quotation record.
00:00:01doctors do everything they can to improve the odds.
00:00:04fertilized eggs are monitored and analysed over 5 days with
00:00:08cameras tracking their development around the clock, but even the most
00:00:11promising embryos don't always implant in the
00:00:14uterus.
00:00:18there are countless processes involved in the creation of life that we still don't
00:00:22fully understand. we have many unanswered questions also
00:00:26about aging. we know for example that egg cells undergo significant.
00:00:43Ensminger has already implanted 10 of
00:01:00early treatment. really do make a box in a way and particular implantation has been
00:01:04really not accessible because implantation occurs in the
00:01:07wamb of the mother, so we can't see that, we
00:01:10cannot observe that otherwise.
00:01:13now research teams in China, the US and
00:01:16Britain have succeeded in recreating the earliest stage of
00:01:20embryo implantation in a petry
00:01:22dish.
00:01:27so the study tell us that we have been able to bring together the
00:01:31endometrio and human embryo
00:01:34systems to study implantation in vitro for the first
00:01:38time. the work has produced
00:01:42unprecedented microscopic images of a simulated
00:01:45uterus,
00:01:49that will never result in a pregnancy and baby, because this
00:01:52is basically just a a tiny part of the complete
00:01:56nine months of the pregnancy, and we cannot
00:01:59reproduce the... at all in in vitro, but
00:02:02instead gives us the opportunity to study that window, which
00:02:06is the critical one for implantation.
00:02:09using advanced 3D models, the international research teams have
00:02:12made this complex process visible and uncovered important biological
00:02:16interactions. the analysis was done by looking at
00:02:19different proteins and the DNA, and so for example here what you
00:02:23see is the nuclear, so the DNA, the genetic material,
00:02:27both of the cells of the endometrious scaffold. One important
00:02:31observation of this reconstruction is that the
00:02:34embryo is surrounded by
00:02:37specific type of cells that we called stromal cells. For the
00:02:40study, researchers isolated stromal and epithelial cells
00:02:44from tissue donated by healthy volunteers. The
00:02:48cells were supplied with nutrients and stimulated using signaling
00:02:51molecules, growth factors and hormones. For the
00:02:54first time this allowed scientists to prepare an artificial womb lining to
00:02:58receive an embryo. the model makes it possible to recreate different
00:03:02biological scenarios under control conditions.
00:03:05experiments with human embryos, however, remain strictly
00:03:08regulated. what we call the 14-day rule
00:03:12is a period of time where scientists around
00:03:15the world have agreed that we can actually culture
00:03:19human numbers up to that day, and so that's the day
00:03:22basically allow scientists to grow human
00:03:26embryos until the day 14 of development. for your.
00:04:30When that long-awaaited baby finally arrives, of course you
00:04:34want everything to be just perfect.
00:04:38Researchers in Germany are developing new testing methods to
00:04:41detect rare metabolic disorders and vitamin deficiencies in
00:04:45newborns.
00:04:52For Neo, this is the final checkup. After today's
00:04:56blood test, he won't need to return to Hidelberg University hospital in.
00:05:01Germany, shortly after he was born, doctors discovered he had a vitamin B12
00:05:05deficiency, a condition that can seriously affect brain development
00:05:09if left untreated.
00:05:13when infants have a vitamin B12 deficiency, it usually becomes
00:05:17noticeable from around 4 to six months of age. They
00:05:21may show significant developmental delays and muscular hypotonia,
00:05:25meaning they're a bit floppy and not learning to move properly. It can cause brain
00:05:28damage, and in some cases those effects may not be fully reversible,
00:05:32even if the deficiency is identified and
00:05:34treated.
00:05:37Neo's deficiency was detected through newborn
00:05:40screening. A few days. after birth, a small blood
00:05:43sample is taken from the baby and analysed for signs of metabolic and
00:05:47other serious disorders. Until now,
00:05:50screening for vitamin B12 deficiency, as in Neo's case,
00:05:53was part of a research study.
00:05:56The results showed that the test reliably identifies affected
00:06:00children.
00:06:02The report indicated that where screening is carried out, far fewer children
00:06:06go to develop the severe infantile vitamin B12
00:06:09deficiency, so screening and
00:06:13difference as a result, vitamin B12
00:06:16deficiency has now been added to Germany's routine newborn screening
00:06:20program. Vitamin B12 is found
00:06:23primarily in animal products. A deficiency can
00:06:26develop when mothers are unable to take in enough of the vitamin during
00:06:30pregnancy. A vegan diet can be one reason, although there
00:06:34are many others. Once detected, the deficiency is
00:06:37usually easy to treat. The infants
00:06:40receive vitamin supplements and a monitored.
00:06:44In most cases, the problem resolves once they begin eating animal-based
00:06:47foods themselves. Every day, between 500 and
00:06:51a, blood samples from newborns arrive at the metabolic laboratory at
00:06:55Heidelberg University Hospital. Over the past
00:06:58decades, newborn screening has expanded
00:07:00dramatically. When it was first introduced in
00:07:041969, it looked for just one rare disorder. Today it
00:07:07screens for 33. Ursprung. Originally, there
00:07:11weren't machines. Testing was based on
00:07:14microbiological inhibition assays. Today, as you
00:07:17see, we have large analytical machines that can measure metabolites and
00:07:21amino acids very precisely. That means we can
00:07:24test for far more and with much greater accuracy.
00:07:28On average, one blood sample each day in Hydelberg produces an abnormal
00:07:32result, but screening for vitamin B12 deficiency has
00:07:35only become reliable in recent years. That was
00:07:39made possible by advances in laboratory analysis. Developments that
00:07:43researchers in Heidelberg also helped
00:07:45towards.
00:07:47Vitamin B12 deficiency is far more common than many of the disorders
00:07:51that were already included in newborn screening. And in most
00:07:55cases, this test also identifies deficiency in the
00:07:58mother that's been passed on during pregnancy. George
00:08:01Hoffman's team also investigated whether it might be possible to detect the
00:08:05deficiency even earlier during pregnancy, but clear
00:08:09indicators are not always easy to find.
00:08:21and the more specific signs of vitamin B12 deficiency that are
00:08:24described in textbooks simply aren't very often
00:08:27seen.
00:08:31so for now the focus remains on screening newborns.
00:08:34neo's mother's vitamin B12 deficiency has since been
00:08:37treated. she's simply grateful that she agreed to the additional
00:08:41screening test. Neo was born a year and a half
00:08:44ago.
00:08:49I took part in the newborn screening program and also volunteered to have some
00:08:52additional tests done because I just thought, well it can't
00:08:55hurt, but I hadn't really read all the information in
00:08:59detail and I didn't give it much thought. It was only when our
00:09:02pediatrician called to say something wasn't right that I went back and looked through the
00:09:06paperwork from the hospital. That's when I
00:09:08realized what the consequences could have been.
00:09:15Fortunately for Neo, those risks never became a
00:09:17reality.
00:09:22Now let's go back to the beginning. After
00:09:25fertilization, the human egg cell divides again and
00:09:28again. This process forms embryonic stem cells,
00:09:32cells that can develop into every tissue in the human
00:09:35body. We still have stem cells as adults. They're
00:09:39vital for the body's repair processes, but the... already
00:09:42specialized for particular tasks. around 20
00:09:46years ago, researches discovered how to reprogram adult cells,
00:09:50returning them to a state much like an embryonic stem cell.
00:09:54now scientists hope tiny nano robots can persuade these
00:09:57artificial stem cells to become bone cells.
00:10:01sounds crazy, take a
00:10:02look.
00:10:05in these dishes are human stem cells and tiny microscopic
00:10:09robots.
00:10:12it's o under the microscope that their remarkable ability becomes
00:10:15visible. The robots can trigger stem
00:10:19cells to transform into bone cells, a breakthrough that could
00:10:23one day help damage bone tissue.
00:10:25generate
00:10:27artificially grown bone tissue like this could help shorten recovery times
00:10:31for diseases such as bone cancer or after
00:10:34serious accidents and may even prevent the need for
00:10:37amputations in some cases,
00:10:41and this is how it works: inside the dishes are tiny gel
00:10:44filled cushions, packed inside them a nanooscale
00:10:48robots. they're made up of chemical molecules that can
00:10:51contract. laser activates the...
00:10:55robots as they contract, they press against the stem
00:10:58cells. this constant gentle pressure, almost like
00:11:01massage, switches on the stem cells genetic
00:11:04program, that causes them to transform into bone
00:11:08cells. here we can see the cells after
00:11:11activation, and the resulting fully differentiated bone
00:11:14cells. the aim is to use this process to repair
00:11:18damaged tissue, and potentially not just
00:11:21bone, depending on how long and how intensely... the
00:11:25massaged by the robots. the same stem cells can also become heart
00:11:29muscle cells or cartilage
00:11:30cells.
00:11:33our gel cushions can do two things:
00:11:36first, they can train a patient's stem cells,
00:11:40and second, they can transport the important cargo, for example, heart
00:11:44muscle cells, into the
00:11:45patient.
00:11:49in the patient. at the bottom of this tube are
00:11:52400,000 of these gel cushions. each containing
00:11:55molecular nano robots and stem cells, but it could still
00:11:59be several years before the technology is ready for use in
00:12:02patients. research on insulin producing
00:12:06cells is already much further advanced. in people with
00:12:09diabetes, these cells are damaged or destroyed.
00:12:12the team led by stem cell researcher Mathias Hapock is developing
00:12:16stem cells that can be turned into insulin producing cells, known
00:12:20as isolet cells.
00:12:23since the discovery of these. cells, we've now reached the point where
00:12:27we can produce isolet cells that look almost identical to those found
00:12:30naturally in the human body, these cells are
00:12:33already being transplanted into patients as part of clinical
00:12:36trials, and those patients no longer need insulin
00:12:39injections,
00:12:42Matthias Habrok can also now grow living organ components from
00:12:46stem cells, to do so, the cell's developmental program
00:12:49is activated using specific biochemical
00:12:52signals.
00:12:55Does that make the new mechanical massage approach
00:12:57unnecessary?
00:13:02It's a fascinating discovery they've made. Their work clearly
00:13:05shows that mechanical stimulation can be used to guide cells in specific
00:13:09directions.
00:13:12But you probably first need to reach a certain stage of development,
00:13:15essentially converting stem cell into a precursor
00:13:18cell. Once you've reached that point, it's easy to
00:13:22imagine using these mechanical stimuli to further.
00:13:55when internal organs such as the heart are damaged, heart muscle
00:13:58cells can only regenerate to a limited extent, and when
00:14:02the heart becomes weak, the consequences can quickly become
00:14:06life-threatening.
00:14:08open heart surgery in Guttingan in central Germany: the
00:14:12patient is suffering from advanced heart failure. part of his
00:14:15heart muscle has died and can no longer help to pump blood around the
00:14:19body. as a result, the heart grows progressively weaker
00:14:23until eventually it can no longer... keep
00:14:25going.
00:14:28These unassuming hexagonal patches could offer
00:14:31lifeline.
00:14:34They're a kind of bandade for the heart made up of millions of heart muscle
00:14:38and connective tissue cells grown in the
00:14:39lab.
00:14:47Further north at Schlaisevy Holstein University
00:14:49Hospital. Frank Teager is also a heart failure
00:14:52patient. After.
00:15:25zombie really I felt like a zombie, almost dead.
00:15:28And yes, and
00:15:31the stress of it all just kept getting worse,
00:15:34worse and worse. Let's look at
00:15:38every case of heart failure, it is life
00:15:41threatening. If the heart's pumping capacity remains
00:15:45above 40%, the condition can usually be kept stable,
00:15:48allowing patients to lead a largely normal life. But
00:15:52when that figure sinks further, the risks increase
00:15:56dramatically. For patients with advanced heart failure,
00:15:59treatment options are limited. Once all available
00:16:03drug therapies have been exhausted, there are really only two options left:
00:16:06heart transplant or an artificial heart. Both
00:16:10are serious, high-risk procedures. The heart patch
00:16:13could offer life-saving alternative. As part
00:16:16of an ongoing clinical trial, Stepan
00:16:21these patches. Some
00:16:23of his patients are on the waiting list for donor heart. Across
00:16:27Germany, nearly 700 people are currently waiting, but only around
00:16:30350 donor hearts become available each year. If the
00:16:34heart patch proved successful, it could save many more lives.
00:16:40patients in Germany living with advanced heart failure, all of whom could potentially
00:16:44benefit. But there are still many unanswered questions. We're
00:16:48running a clinical study with strict inclusion criteria, and there are
00:16:51limitations. Some patients respond very well, others
00:16:55less so, but so far we haven't had a single patient who showed no
00:16:58degree of improvement.
00:17:02If these early results continue to hold up, one man in particular will
00:17:06be delighted. "the heart patch is in many ways the
00:17:09culmination of Volfram Hubertus Zimmerman's life's
00:17:12work. For 30 years he's been
00:17:16researching artificial heart
00:17:18tissue.
00:17:21Now that research is finally helping patients who are fighting for their
00:17:24lives.
00:17:27We see these patients every day in
00:17:30hospitals. We see the suffering that heart failure
00:17:33causes. That's what drives us to develop new treatments
00:17:36that can help them."
00:18:07develop into beating heart muscle cells, by the time the
00:18:11patch is finished, no stem cells
00:18:13remain,
00:18:17once manufactured, the patches must be implanted within 14
00:18:21days to meet what could become enormous demand,
00:18:24researchers are now focusing on making production faster and more
00:18:28efficient,
00:18:31our goal is to go far beyond the 250 patients planned for
00:18:352027.
00:18:37We eventually want to be able to provide heart patches whenever they're
00:18:40needed. That means patients would no longer have to wait three
00:18:44months. Instead, we would have them readily available for
00:18:47immediate clinical use. Back
00:18:50in the operating theater in Guttingan, the surgeons stitched
00:18:53together 10 individual heart patches to create a larger
00:18:56graft. The yellow sponge acts as a supporting
00:18:59base and later breaks down naturally inside the
00:19:02body. Researchers estimate that around
00:19:06half of the 800. and implanted cells will survive,
00:19:10eventually they contract in sink with the patient's heartbeat. if
00:19:14the heart's pumping function simply stops getting worse, that alone would be
00:19:17considered success. if it improves, the patient may no longer need
00:19:21a donor heart at all.
00:19:24the patch is stitch directly onto the beating heart where it gradually
00:19:28integrates with the surrounding tissue over the following
00:19:30weeks.
00:19:34it will be significantly less expensive than heart transplant. If we
00:19:37succeed in automating the manufacturing process, the
00:19:41cost of producing each heart patch should fall
00:19:43substantially. That would give us genuinely cost-effective
00:19:47treatment option, one that healthcare systems can afford,
00:19:51especially given the large number of patients who might need.
00:19:54the large number of patients that
00:19:55we address.
00:20:02Increased from 10 to 35%. He no longer needs a donor heart.
00:20:06To prevent the body from rejecting the implanted heart cells, he has to
00:20:10take medication every day, but that would also be the case with donor
00:20:14heart
00:20:14transplant.
00:20:20I can breathe more easily, I don't get out
00:20:22of breath as quickly, I sleep better
00:20:25too, basically I can do all the things
00:20:29that, let's say, normal people without this heart
00:20:31conditioner can also
00:20:35do. even though the trial is not yet complete,
00:20:39researchers are hoping to secure a special exemption that would allow them to treat
00:20:42more hospital patients with these potentially life-saving heart
00:20:46patches.
00:20:52What if, instead of simply swallowing medicines and allowing
00:20:56them to circulate throughout the entire body, we could
00:20:59deliver them directly to the precise location where they're
00:21:02needed. Perhaps with the help of
00:21:06implant produced by a 3D
00:21:08printer.
00:21:11Research is underway in a lab in Würzburg in southern Germany,
00:21:15a technology that could one day transform the way medicines are
00:21:18delivered. And
00:21:57the idea is to use an implant placed inside a blood vessel to deliver
00:22:01medication directly where it's
00:22:03needed.
00:22:06The system works by implanting a drug filled device into the body using a
00:22:10minimally invasive procedure. A
00:22:12catheter is then used to guide it through an artery to the target
00:22:15location.
00:22:20infrastructure. Over the course of evolution, arteries have become the
00:22:24ideal highways that we can use to transport our implant, and
00:22:27capillaries the ideal sites for exchange where medications can pass
00:22:31into the target tissue.
00:22:35experts from a wide range of disciplines are working together to make that vision a
00:22:38reality. The team is currently developing and testing
00:22:42prototypes in the lab and expectations are
00:22:44high.
00:22:47also,
00:23:20to treat diseases earlier and more effectively, potentially avoiding a
00:23:23huge amount of follow-up costs.
00:23:27The system has now been filed for patent protection in several
00:23:30countries, but there's still a long road ahead before it reaches clinical
00:23:34use. How quickly that happens will depend on future
00:23:37funding and on how successfully the technology performs in further
00:23:41testing.
00:23:46That's all from us for now. Thanks for
00:23:49watching. And we'll see you again next time tomorrow today.
00:25:23Good evening, dear viewers, welcome to
00:25:26the news.
00:25:30Trump's candidate for ambassador to Bosnia and Herzegovina, Ronald Johnson,
00:25:34presented his priorities before the Senate: stability,
00:25:37energy, and American investment in focus, he unequivocally
00:25:40confirmed that genocide was committed
00:25:42in Srebrenica.
00:25:47From the news tonight, we also highlight.
00:25:54The Border Police of Bosnia and Herzegovina seized a record
00:25:581.1 tons of drugs with a street value of up to
00:26:0033 million
00:26:02euros.
00:26:06Reductions in Sarajevo are becoming more frequent, and rain is still not
00:26:09in sight. In the settlement of Bostarići, there has been no water
00:26:12for six days
00:26:13in a row.
00:26:17A forest fire is raging in Blidinje, the terrain is inaccessible, and extinguishing
00:26:20is only possible from the air. Croatia approved canadairs as
00:26:24humanitarian aid to Bosnia and
00:26:25Herzegovina.
00:26:29In Mostar and Neum today, 32 degrees were measured. Tomorrow
00:26:33in Bosnia and Herzegovina, it will be moderately cloudy, with possible light
00:26:36rain in some places.
00:26:42The hearing of candidates for US ambassadors to Bosnia and
00:26:45Herzegovina and Serbia turned into a sharp debate about the business
00:26:49interests of President Donald Trump's family in the
00:26:52Balkans and the possibility that US embassies could be
00:26:56used to promote them. The genocide in Srebrenica
00:26:59and the glorification of war crimes were discussed. Among the
00:27:02priorities of Trump's candidate for ambassador
00:27:06to Bosnia and Herzegovina are stability, energy, and American
00:27:10investment.
00:27:14Mr. Johnson, do you agree that what happened in
00:27:18Srebrenica was genocide?
00:27:21I think I could unequivocally tell you that Srebrenica
00:27:25was genocide, as were the judgments made through the
00:27:29judicial systems you mentioned earlier, absolutely.
00:27:34Do you agree that it is important that we clearly state that this is the position of the United
00:27:38States, especially when we hear figures like Milorad Dodik as
00:27:41he tries to incite separatism and cause further ethnic
00:27:45and religious tensions in Bosnia and
00:27:47Herzegovina? Team Senator, you can be sure that
00:27:51when I am in office, I will be very determined to
00:27:54recommend those courses of action, as you mentioned earlier,
00:27:58absolutely. Democratic Senator Jane
00:28:01Shahin reminded during the hearing of the candidate for US Ambassador to
00:28:05Bosnia and Herzegovina about the glorification of the convicted war criminal Ratko
00:28:09Mladić by Milorad Dodik, the advocacy for the independence
00:28:13of Republika Srpska, hate speech. Ronald Johnson replied that he
00:28:17would be a strong advocate of what is stated in the National Defense
00:28:21Act, if confirmed, and there, let's recall, in the context of the Western
00:28:24Balkans, the possibility of returning individual
00:28:27sanctions for undermining the Dayton Peace Agreement was also mentioned. But
00:28:31that this would happen could be noticed in the introductory address. The United
00:28:35States remains committed to the sovereignty and territorial
00:28:38integrity of Bosnia and Herzegovina, and the peace
00:28:41established by the Dayton Agreement. Local leaders
00:28:44need to take responsibility for the problems in the country, which is actually
00:28:48in line with Trump's foreign policy agenda "America First", which
00:28:52Johnson himself mentioned. 30
00:28:55years after Dayton, the future of Bosnia and Herzegovina should increasingly
00:28:58be shaped by its own leaders and institutions.
00:29:02confirmed, I will encourage pragmatic, locally driven
00:29:06solutions to political and economic challenges and support
00:29:09efforts to strengthen cooperation among different communities in Bosnia and
00:29:13Herzegovina. Johnson spoke about the upcoming elections, saying that he would
00:29:16work with all stakeholders to calm tensions, maintain
00:29:20stability, he mentioned Russian and Chinese influence, especially
00:29:23emphasizing economic relations, the energy sector, which he called
00:29:27key for the United States. They asked him about American projects in Bosnia
00:29:31and Herzegovina. The embassy should help private projects
00:29:34of people close to Donald Trump. He replied, "Everyone is welcome",
00:29:38but added that he did not believe that the president would actually
00:29:42ask him to help him with financial matters for his
00:29:46family, and if he did, I think I would turn
00:29:49back to the State Department headquarters to get
00:29:52clarification, sir. By the way, Ronald Johnson's hearing
00:29:56began with warnings from leading members of the Senate Foreign
00:29:59Relations Committee that peace in Bosnia and Herzegovina should not
00:30:03be taken for granted, that Washington must clearly defend the Dayton
00:30:06Agreement, the sovereignty and territorial integrity
00:30:09of the country. Tina Jalindizdar
00:30:11N1.
00:30:15Don't miss
00:30:16the continuation of the news.
00:30:20What future awaits the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina? The beginning
00:30:24of the development strategy until 2034
00:30:27has been officially announced.
00:30:33In the "Bura" operation in the area of Ilijaš, approximately
00:30:361.1 tons of synthetic narcotics were seized, which, according
00:30:39to the Border Police of Bosnia and Herzegovina, is the largest seizure
00:30:43of synthetic drugs in Bosnia and Herzegovina. One person was
00:30:46deprived of liberty. The market value of the seized drugs was estimated
00:30:49at 5 million euros, while its value after sale in
00:30:53in individual doses on the street could amount to between 25 and
00:30:5733 million euros. It is about...