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00:00:08More air conditioners, more data centers, more electric
00:00:12cars: around the world, we're using more and more
00:00:15electricity,
00:00:17but there's good news, wind and solar power are stepping up
00:00:21to meet that demand, less fossil fuels, more
00:00:24renewables, the green energy transition is underway
00:00:28and scientists are working. on something even bigger, nuclear
00:00:32fusion. It's a potential game changer, unlimited energy,
00:00:36emission free.
00:00:39Join us for electrifying insights on this edition of
00:00:43DW Science Show. Welcome to Tomorrow
00:00:46today.
00:00:48What does donut have to do with the sun? What does a blow
00:00:52pipe have to do with a furnace and what happened
00:00:54on May 22nd, 2025?
00:00:58A really exciting day here at the Institute. It was top
00:01:02Fins place great trust in the work of notch, but first things
00:01:04first, let's start with our everburning star and a
00:01:08question: can the sun's fusion process be replicated
00:01:12to produce energy here on earth? scientists have
00:01:15been trying and failing to achieve this for
00:01:18decades. We still don't have commercial fusion
00:01:22reactors, but we do have research facilities
00:01:26like Ventelstein 7x in northeast Germany. It
00:01:30was purpose built to develop accelerator, a giant machine
00:01:33named after the latin word for star. Since
00:01:37May, it's been a world record holder in fusion
00:01:40research, a title earned after months of
00:01:42experimentation.
00:01:47We noticed things were going well, it was like,
00:01:50that works and that works, so let's try this
00:01:53too. We were still improving right up to the
00:01:56end, so it got more and more exciting as we approached.
00:02:14At w7x we mainly produce hydrogen
00:02:16plasmas, we feed in hydrogen gas which is
00:02:20ionized by heater and turned into a
00:02:23plasma.
00:02:30vacuum chamber shaped like twisted
00:02:32donut.
00:02:34Normally, a tiny amount of hydrogen enters as a gas through a
00:02:38valve and is heated to extreme
00:02:40temperatures.
00:02:43Microwaves then strike the hydrogen atoms,
00:02:46ionizing them and transforming the gas into a plasma,
00:02:50heated to tens of millions of degrees
00:02:52celsius. The plasma discharge then stayed at
00:02:56those temperatures for a record breaking 43 seconds.
00:03:38They're shot in through kind of blowpipe like the ones we made back in
00:03:41school, but these pellets are propelled by pressurized
00:03:45gas, they dissolve, melt and quickly vaporize
00:03:48becoming plasma, so there's a constant supply of plasma
00:03:52like shoveling coal into a furnace,
00:03:56das ist das gleiche.
00:04:00is contained by magnetic fields generated by a
00:04:03complex array of magnets.
00:04:06they keep the plasma from touching the chamber walls because
00:04:10contact would cool it down instantly.
00:04:13designing the W7X magnet configuration required
00:04:17super computers and years of
00:04:18planning.
00:04:21so when can we expect the first fusion reactor to go
00:04:24online?
00:04:28a conservative estimate says sometimes
00:05:08I feel proud that we are taking action in
00:05:12Then W7X will be back and chasing new
00:05:16records.
00:05:21Did you know that nuclear fishion, the process behind nuclear power
00:05:25today, is considered more dangerous than nuclear
00:05:28fusion? Fishing accidents can release massive
00:05:31amounts of radioactive material, as happened in
00:05:34Fukushima and Chernoble.
00:05:37Fusion is safer and doesn't produce high-level radioactive
00:05:41waste that must be st. safely for millennia,
00:05:44yet Finland is betting a future powered by nuclear
00:05:47fishion.
00:05:52the peninsula on Finland's west coast
00:05:55is one of the country's most important energy
00:05:58hubs. it's home to three nuclear reactor
00:06:02units, the newest one went into commercial operation in
00:06:052023. the turbine hall is where the massive generators
00:06:09are located. they're driven by heat from the react. which is
00:06:13how the electricity is
00:06:14produced
00:06:183 has capacity of 1600 megw,
00:06:21making it one of the largest nuclear reactors in the EU.
00:06:25the facility covers about 14% of Finland's electricity
00:06:28production. the company's press officer says
00:06:32public concerns were minimal. we have been
00:06:35measuring for 40 years this, what people fear
00:06:39and what what how do they like nuclear power and?
00:06:43they they like nuclear power lot today, they are
00:06:46not afraid of the waste, it's not a
00:06:49major concern anymore, we have solution here in
00:06:52alkilot, so the support for nuclear is good in
00:06:56every party,
00:06:59but there were some problems here too, construction was supposed to
00:07:03last from 2005 to 2009, but in
00:07:06the end it took 14 additional years, the project was
00:07:10plagued with delays including loose.
00:07:12in the turbine and issues with the instrumentation and control
00:07:16system. after multiple repairs, the final cost had
00:07:1911 billion euros, about four times the original
00:07:23budget. so we were we were pioneers, so there was
00:07:27a long break that nobody was building here in western
00:07:30Europe nuclear power,
00:07:33so the readiness to build was not
00:07:37very good, and also the power plant was new
00:07:40design and it was... uh not
00:07:43designed in detail level, so
00:07:47plans were changed during the project, but
00:07:51there were no protests over the delays and soaring
00:07:54costs, and now the new plant is delivering
00:07:57electricity to the country. as in
00:08:00France, in Finland, nuclear energy is considered green
00:08:03energy. the operator has proudly called the new
00:08:07reactor, Finland's largest climate
00:08:09project.
00:08:13Finland is one of several European nations investing in nuclear
00:08:16energy, new reactors are underway in
00:08:20France, Slovakia, while Poland
00:08:23is preparing to build its first commercial nuclear power
00:08:26plant.
00:08:28The question is, what is ultimately the better
00:08:31path? I think that when you look at new build
00:08:35projects today, the cost increases they
00:08:37incur, the long timelines they
00:08:40involve.
00:09:12and Germany's nuclear phase out, because big
00:09:15country like Germany, very big country, so if
00:09:19you want to reach reach 100% renewables
00:09:23and electricity systems, we haven't seen
00:09:26it yet in a big country, so all the
00:09:29best for the for this challenging effort
00:09:32that that you can hopefully
00:09:36do with our nuclear power, but the our solution
00:09:39is is nuclear and renewables to.
00:09:43The finns have also found solution for the nuclear
00:09:46waste. Geologist Johanna
00:09:49Savunan is on our way to the construction site near the power
00:09:53plants. At more than 450 meters
00:09:56below ground, the world's first permanent repository for
00:10:00high-level radioactive waste is taking
00:10:03shape.
00:10:06Underground tunnels will soon store spent fuel rods for thousands of
00:10:10years. The nuclear waste. bunker has attracted worldwide
00:10:14attention.
00:10:16I feel proud,
00:10:20a difficult matter and not just waiting for some
00:10:24others to... show the way, I feel that this
00:10:27is an issue that needs to be solved, and I'm I feel proud
00:10:31that Finland is doing exactly that.
00:10:34300 meters long and carved into granite bedrock, the
00:10:38tunnels will one day store highly radioactive nuclear
00:10:42waste. An elevator will bring the copper canisters
00:10:46filled with spent fuel elements down into the
00:10:48repository. Each canister will be placed in a
00:10:52hole. The holes and the tunnel will be plugged with
00:10:55bentonite and the tunnel finally will be sealed with
00:10:59concrete. the unkalo repository will go
00:11:02online in 2026. the
00:11:05waste will remain here for over 100,000 years
00:11:08until it is only minimally radioactive.
00:11:11radioactive waste is quite a
00:11:15difficult subject and people don't know lot
00:11:18about it, so people tend to be afraid of something they don't
00:11:22know about.
00:11:27their scientists. They
00:11:29believe that nuclear power is the best choice and that
00:11:33mix of wind power and nuclear energy will secure
00:11:36an emissions free
00:11:37future.
00:11:42Finland legt großen. Finland places great value on energy
00:11:45independence. And over the past decades that's worked quite well
00:11:49thanks to their use of nuclear power. So you could say
00:11:53their decisions make sense for them. but you also need to keep in mind that other
00:11:57countries might decide things differently. There's no single correct
00:12:01choice.
00:12:05Finland believes that its repository will be a permanent
00:12:08solution to the nuclear waste problem. Germany, by
00:12:12contrast, still doesn't have a long-term
00:12:14storage
00:12:16plan. When Germany decided to phase out nuclear power in
00:12:192011, it was agreed that we would search for the best possible
00:12:23repository site a white.
00:12:55for decades to
00:12:56come.
00:13:02By 2030, Germany aims to generate 80%
00:13:06of its electricity from renewables like wind and solar
00:13:09power. A key part of this green energy
00:13:13transition is battery storage. It
00:13:16stores excess energy for later use when demand is
00:13:19high. That helps stabilize the power grid and
00:13:23prevent overloads.
00:13:33battery energy storage system is being built, a 4- hour
00:13:36system, it will deliver 50 megw of
00:13:40power enough to supply a mid-sized german city
00:13:43of 10000 to 15000 people for 4
00:13:46hours,
00:13:49of course it has to make economic sense, we're a business so it has to pay
00:13:53off. Galle is an electricity trader
00:13:57for major German energy company, soon he
00:14:00won't just be selling electricity from gas and hard cold power
00:14:03plants, he'll also be buying and storing
00:14:06it.
00:14:09By spring 2026, new battery system will be running
00:14:13here. It can deliver 50 megaws of
00:14:16electricity about the output of a small gas
00:14:19plant for 4
00:14:20hours,
00:14:23because it's plugged straight in. to the grid, the battery can store
00:14:27surplus renewable power and release it when demand
00:14:30rises, turning those swings into
00:14:33profit.
00:14:36ultimately we're taking a business risk, but we believe
00:14:39flexibility is key for the energy
00:14:41transition.
00:14:44right now it feels like a gold rush, prices on the power
00:14:48exchange fluctuate daily as seen from a July weekly
00:14:52chart. during the day, solar... floods the
00:14:55grid and prices drop. in the
00:14:58evening and early morning, fossil plants ramp up and prices
00:15:01rise. battery storage systems profit from those
00:15:05swings. think of it like squirrels gathering
00:15:08nuts. we trade every 15 minutes, often the same
00:15:12energy again and again. sometimes it's just
00:15:15tiny price differences, but over time you scoop up the
00:15:19returns. this business model has been tested for about
00:15:2210 years with a 15 megaw.
00:16:07limits, shutting down over 20 gigaws of plants,
00:16:11including four nuclear reactors. the
00:16:14grid's heartbeat its frequency became
00:16:16unstable. could battery storage systems have
00:16:19prevented
00:16:22it? we've observed the same thing that happened in Spain and Portugal
00:16:25here in our control
00:16:26room.
00:16:30Hendrick Neumann, CTO at transmission grid
00:16:33operator, helps keep Germany's grid
00:16:36stable. says a blackout like the one that happened in
00:16:39Spain and Portugal can't happen in Germany thanks to backup
00:16:43systems, but if batteries are to join that safety
00:16:46net, they must do more than store energy. They need to
00:16:50help steady the grid's pulse by supplying reactive power on demand.
00:17:06In Spain, power.
00:17:37able to build large-scale battery storage, even though it's
00:17:41essential for our future
00:17:42grid.
00:17:45that's a crucial point. so far, fossil plants have supplied
00:17:49reactive power almost automatically. the grid
00:17:52operator asks for it, the generators provide it, and
00:17:55electricity flows smoothly, but coal
00:17:59and lignite are set to be phased out by 2038 at the
00:18:02latest. once they're gone, reactive power won't
00:18:06come automatically. so a formal market needs to secure
00:18:09supply. the big question is, can batteries
00:18:13deliver during the dark duldrums, those long stretches with little sun
00:18:17or wind?
00:18:20battery storage is being put to the test here, what role
00:18:24will they play in tomorrow's energy system? with mega
00:18:27batteries on the rise, do we even need new backup gas
00:18:31plants at
00:18:32all?
00:18:36dirkuva is a
00:19:07plants supplied power and how much? up to November
00:19:111st, wind was strong, but in the following days it
00:19:14dropped.
00:19:17The week winter sun didn't add much.
00:19:20Gas plants stepped in with up to 15 gigaws
00:19:24and coal also ramped up to about 20
00:19:27gig.
00:19:31Two weeks later, the wind
00:19:33returned. Fossil plants scaled back.
00:20:33The system will only work if the right storage units are in
00:20:36place. eben auch die entsprechenden Speicher
00:20:39stehen.
00:20:46Batteries have the edge for short-term energy storage.
00:20:50By contrast, hydrogen can hold huge amounts of energy
00:20:54for months, but producing hydrogen takes
00:20:58a lot of energy, ideally from renewable
00:21:01sources, that's what makes it green hydrogen,
00:21:05and it's being produced in places you might not
00:21:08expect.
00:21:12The fuffen houfen waste water plant does more than treat
00:21:15sewage. It's also hosting an experiment. Andreas.
00:24:23says investment costs are the main reason prices will
00:24:26sore, interest rates are now much higher than the
00:24:30expected 4 to8%. in Sudan rates are over
00:24:3326%. these unexpectedly high
00:24:37costs for green hydrogen from Africa could slow Europe's
00:24:41shift to clean energy in heavy industry, and
00:24:44that means sustainability targets won't be met,
00:24:48and that would also hurt Africa.
00:25:20benefits to both Africa and
00:25:22Europe.
00:25:27What are stars made of? How many
00:25:30colors can butterflies see? Could
00:25:33robots have babies one day? Do you
00:25:36have science question? Then send it to us as a video,
00:25:40text or voice message. If we answer
00:25:43it in the show, then we'll send you a little gift as a thank
00:25:46you, so just ask.
00:25:53That's all for now, but we hope you'll join us again next
00:25:56time for more exciting stories from the world of science and
00:26:00technology here tomorrow to.
00:26:15My land,
00:26:18only SD, only
00:26:20Izetbegović,
00:26:30every saving is a step towards the goal and opens dreams to reality, whoever
00:26:34saves creates, fixed-term
00:26:36savings campaign in KM or EUR with a fixed
00:26:39rate, Sparkasse
00:26:41Bank,
00:26:43meet our Bavaria family, grandma, keeper of the family recipe.
00:26:58We don't have a heart, but you have someone counting on it.
00:27:02Aspirin Protect (100 mg) is recommended for people with
00:27:06high and very high risk of cardiovascular diseases to
00:27:10reduce the risk of acute heart and brain stroke. Before
00:27:13use, carefully read the drug leaflet for information on indications, precautions, and adverse effects of the drug,
00:27:17consult a doctor or pharmacist. Bayer. The global
00:27:20economy is entering a new era.
00:27:23Geopolitics, technology and innovation
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00:27:44Forbes Adria, October 1st, 2026.
00:27:48Swissôtel, Sarajevo. Between us, I reduced
00:27:51sweets, strawberry is
00:27:53an exception. Don't tell mom we took them.
00:27:57Some things we only say in confidence, so we choose
00:28:01the taste we trust. Grekos, the taste you
00:28:04trust.
00:28:08Dear viewers, welcome. Today we are talking with Dr.
00:28:12Jasmina Ćorović Kuburović, cardiologist, known as
00:28:16the heart doctor. Doctor, tell us why after
00:28:1940 years many people feel they have less energy. What does
00:28:23Coenzyme Q10 have to do with it? Coenzyme
00:28:26Q10 is a substance that our body naturally produces
00:28:30and participates in energy production in every cell. Its
00:28:33production decreases with age, and at the same time it is especially
00:28:36important for organs that have the greatest energy needs, among them
00:28:40is the heart, of course, and muscles, the brain. The heart
00:28:43beats more than 100,000 times a day and therefore
00:28:47needs a huge amount of energy. How does
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00:28:54selenium added? What distinguishes
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00:29:07more important than that is how much the body can
00:29:11absorb and use it.
00:29:13Microencapsulation protects coenzyme Q10 from
00:29:17external influences and allows significantly
00:29:20better absorption. In addition, the preparation contains selenium which
00:29:23contributes to the normal functioning of the thyroid gland, the immune
00:29:27system, and the protection of cells from oxidative stress, which
00:29:31is very important. So, Doctor,
00:29:33BMTQ10 can be excellent support for all of you who
00:29:37feel tired, have problems with blood pressure, cholesterol or
00:29:41sugar, for all heart problems, poor
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