Google Speech-to-Text API Automatic Transcription (Chirp). Treat it as a searchable index of what was broadcast, not a quotation record.
00:00:00to the control room at ETHH Zuric where the experiment will be
00:00:03run. We're about to launch
00:00:07the first full-scale experiment. It's
00:00:09exciting. Two
00:00:13weeks later, the control room in Zurich. In just few
00:00:17minutes,
00:00:17the test will
00:00:19me begin.
00:00:22of One last systems check at the badretto lab 100 km
00:00:26away. Yeah.
00:00:31It's been a busy night and morning, but everything looks good and we're ready to
00:00:34go. The researchers are
00:00:38optimistic, the pumps are ready and the safety systems are in
00:00:44of place. So this is button is to manually stop the
00:00:48pump, so we can press this button, once we have it pressed for
00:00:52about 8 seconds, the pumps in the tunnel will stop
00:00:54of automatically, and this is safety procedure that will allow to have a
00:00:58bit more control. "the last members
00:01:01of the team have just left the
00:01:03of tunnel, of this is team two and that's pressure up by 1
00:01:07megapascal, here we
00:01:09go,
00:01:15the pumps are
00:01:16in starting up, forcing water deep into the bore
00:01:18holes,
00:01:23the data stream to zuric is running
00:01:25of smoothly, now
00:01:29of comes the..."
00:01:29watching the instruments and waiting for the fault to
00:01:33slip. pressure
00:01:37inside the
00:01:38of fault continues to rise approaching 100
00:01:40bar. then
00:01:43suddenly a flood of new data
00:01:46appears. deep inside the mountain, something has began
00:01:50to
00:01:50move.
00:01:54we've already detected and located more than a thous quakes since we started the
00:01:58simulation. They're almost certainly induced by us, given their
00:02:02number and size. We're doing this on
00:02:06of purpose.
00:02:10After 3 hours, they triggered more than 3,0
00:02:13microquakes.
00:02:19at it from above,
00:02:23Looking you can see that these earthquakes line up along a plane that's roughly parallel
00:02:24to the
00:02:24tunnel.
00:02:30structure we were hoping to activate, it's working
00:02:33amazingly well, now we just have to keep going and hope will
00:02:37eventually reach magnitude one, dass
00:02:39es
00:02:46thousands of microquakes are already providing valuable clues
00:02:50about how earthquakes begin, soon they'll
00:02:54try again, hoping to make one tiny part
00:02:57of the gotat slip just enough to... trigger the mini
00:03:00earthquake they've been waiting
00:03:02for,
00:03:08of deep beneath the alps lies
00:03:10a resource prized for thousands of
00:03:12years,
00:03:16salt, it's mined by pumping water
00:03:20of underground or cut directly from the
00:03:22of of rock, often called white gold, its story began earth's ancient
00:03:26oceans. this Story
00:03:30of this salt began 250 million years
00:03:33ago. Today that salt lies deep
00:03:36underground. And we rely
00:03:40on salt in more ways than ever before. The seemingly
00:03:44humble mineral is one
00:03:45of the key raw materials of modern
00:03:47life. But
00:03:51table salt accounts for only
00:03:52a tiny fraction of its use. Most salt doesn't land on our
00:03:56plates. It's found. products we use
00:04:00every day, without
00:04:02of sodium
00:04:03of chloride, many aspects of modern life simply wouldn't
00:04:06work, so how does such
00:04:08a simple substance become so incredibly versatile?
00:04:12the key lies
00:04:13in a chemical process that transforms it into three essential
00:04:17chemical building blocks. chlorine is used to make plastics
00:04:21like pvc, medications, a wide range of chemical products
00:04:25in and to disinfect drinking
00:04:26water. caustic Soda is used
00:04:30to produce aluminum, paper and textiles and much
00:04:33more. Hydrogen is a
00:04:37byproduct used mainly in
00:04:40of industry and increasingly as an energy
00:04:42carrier.
00:04:47One raw material, countless
00:04:51a products. In
00:04:54of Germany, salt is an important natural resource and the country produces
00:04:58average of 18 million. tons of salt every
00:05:01year. Most of domestic demand is
00:05:05met from these deposits and large amounts of salt are exported
00:05:09of every year.
00:05:14Today salt deposits formed many millions of years
00:05:17ago. Back then a shallow sea covered
00:05:21large parts of central
00:05:22Europe. Shifting
00:05:26tectonic plates created isolated seas and salt
00:05:29lakes. As the water evaporated into the hot
00:05:33arid climate, the dissolved salts
00:05:35crystallized. Eventually layers of salt were buried
00:05:39under sediment and younger rock over and over again.
00:05:44Today salt deposits in the form of sodium chloride stretch beneath
00:05:48northern and central Germany, it's mined and then
00:05:51processed, but not all salt is the same.
00:05:55Sodium chloride is only part the story. There are also
00:05:59potassium rich salts, the most important raw material for potash
00:06:03fertilizer, but it's not pure. Much the
00:06:07ore consists of rock salt and other minerals that must be processed and
00:06:11separated. These
00:06:14deposits are concentrated in Central
00:06:16Germany. Potassium is an essential
00:06:20nutrient for plants. That's why potash salts are used around the
00:06:24world to make fertilizers. Potache
00:06:28salts dissolve a soil, releasing potassium that helps
00:06:32plants use water efficiently and also resist
00:06:35drott, frost and disease, and
00:06:39that in turn increases the quantity and quality the.
00:06:46but potash mining also has a downside: only part the
00:06:50ore is used, while huge quantities remain as solid and
00:06:54liquid residues. Over
00:06:57the decades, huge waste heaps have built up as some mining
00:07:01sites. The KNS mining
00:07:05company,
00:07:06for example extracts up to 40 million tons of potassium
00:07:09rich
00:07:10ore year. After processing, that
00:07:14becomes just 9.5 million tons of marketable
00:07:17products. Most the mined material ends up as
00:07:20waste. At just one site in central
00:07:24Germany, hundreds of millions of tons of residue are stored in
00:07:27towering heaps, with official approval.
00:07:31Rain washes salt from those heaps, creating waste water that's
00:07:35discharged into the verra river. Liquid processing
00:07:39residues also end up there.
00:07:43Salt is raw material essential to much of modern
00:07:46life. It helps power our world and reshape
00:07:49it. The question is, at what
00:07:52cost?
00:07:59This river has a problem, and you can measure
00:08:02it. Biologist Andre
00:08:06Bush and his colleagues are searching for life in
00:08:08Nevara. For
00:08:12decades, environmental authorities have been tracking salt levels here
00:08:16and what they're doing to the plants and animals that depend on this
00:08:19river. Under the EU Water Framework
00:08:23directive, rivers are graded a five-point scale. Here at
00:08:27Galstungen, the Vera is currently rated as being in poor environmental
00:08:30condition. One the
00:08:34biggest reasons is salt. For decades, potash mining has
00:08:38discharged sailing water into the river. The result is.
00:09:12and gut weeed, their abundance is another clear sign the river's
00:09:16high salt content,
00:09:20by now things should be different, under EU rules, rivers
00:09:24and lakes are supposed to be in good condition by
00:09:262027, that's essential for clean
00:09:30drinking water and healthy
00:09:32ecosystems,
00:09:39further upstream, which isn't affected by the sailen disc
00:10:12The discharges are set to continue. The KNS mining
00:10:16company has long faced criticism over the pollution, but says it's
00:10:20working to reduce its environmental
00:10:22impact. One major project
00:10:26is a more environmentally friendly processing system, designed
00:10:30to eliminate liquid production waste.
00:10:33KNS declined our request for an interview. In a written
00:10:37statement, the company said, when disposing of
00:10:41solid residues, we are also continuously minimizing our
00:10:45environmental impact and using State the art
00:10:48technology.
00:10:53The company's main solution is the waste heaps. layers
00:10:57of plastic liner, soil and vegetation are designed to keep
00:11:00rainwater out, preventing salt from entering the
00:11:03river, but critics question whether it will work in the
00:11:07long run. reducing
00:11:11the river salt pollution is technically difficult and
00:11:14expensive, and the company says the problem can't be eliminated
00:11:18completely. the authorities have repeatedly renewed the
00:11:22discharge permits, although with progressively.
00:11:25limits: salt levels in the
00:11:29vera have fallen, but the river still has a long way
00:11:32to
00:11:37go. salt can also have healing properties.
00:11:40salt brine has been used
00:11:42in spas
00:11:42for centuries.
00:11:46now it's helping to grow sea lettuce, bringing a taste the
00:11:50sea closer to home.
00:11:54forget.
00:11:54could
00:15:04called the super food the future. it also contains
00:15:07iodine, a trace element our thyroid gland needs to
00:15:11function, but in Germany and many other countries, millions of
00:15:15people still don't get enough iodine and here too, salt can be part
00:15:19the
00:15:19solution.
00:15:23around one and three peop in Germany may not be getting enough
00:15:26iodine, often without realizing it. Experts have been
00:15:30warning about the problem for years. Yoken Fed Cump is doctor
00:15:34who's campaigning to improve iodine intake in Germany.
00:16:07already understood how important iodine is for
00:16:10health. iodine is a trace element we need to get from
00:16:14food. the thyroid gland uses it
00:16:18to produce the hormones t3 and t4, which act on
00:16:22almost every cell in the
00:16:23body.
00:16:29these hormones help regulate the cardiovascular system and blood
00:16:33pressure and supports cell growth and development.
00:16:36that's why are important for healthy bones and for the
00:16:40development the brain and nervous system. they
00:16:44also help regulate metabolism, which influences body
00:16:46weight. too little iodine over time can lead to
00:16:50health problems. radiologist melva abell often
00:16:54sees thyroid nodules in her patients. long-term iodine
00:16:58deficiency can be one factor in their
00:17:00development. the thyroid can
00:17:03enlarge
00:17:04and that may contribute to nodules developing over time.
00:17:37but if the thyroid can no longer produce enough hormones, symptoms
00:17:41may include feeling cold, dry skin, hair
00:17:45loss, weight gain as well as low mood and problems
00:17:49with memory and concentration. Over the long term,
00:17:52iodine deficiency can cause what's known as a
00:17:55goider. For adults, the WHO recommends a
00:17:59daily intake of 150
00:18:01micrograms. 5 grams of
00:18:05iodized salt provides roughly 100.
00:19:37contain very little iodine. A diet based mainly on
00:19:41fresh unprocessed foods provides about 120 micrograms
00:19:45of iodine a day. Fish and seaweed are naturally rich
00:19:49sources of iodine, but in Germany most people don't eat them
00:19:53regularly. Milk, dairy products and eggs
00:19:56also provide small amounts, partly because iodine is added to animal
00:20:00feed. Fruit and vegetables
00:20:04generally contain very little in much of germany.
00:20:50Severe iodine deficiency during pregnancy and breastfeeding can cause
00:20:54lasting developmental problems, even a mild deficiency may
00:20:58affect a child's brain
00:20:59development. Studies suggest
00:21:03that children, received too little iodine in the womb may later do
00:21:07less well in areas such as reading
00:21:08comprehension. Some studies have also
00:21:12found slightly lower IQ scores. That's why adequate
00:21:16iodine is important for the developing brain.
00:21:21And for many people, iodized salt is still the simplest way to
00:21:25get more
00:21:25iodine.
00:21:52AI mijenja pravila igre ili ih je već promijenio? u AI
00:21:56central pointu otkrivamo inovacije koje pomiču granice, od
00:22:00pametnih algoritama do tehnologija koje već danas oblikuju našu
00:22:04budućnost. tko vodi utrku, tko zaostaje i što to
00:22:08znači za čovječanstvo? ne propustite ai central point,
00:22:11mjesto gdje budućnost počinje. četvrtkom u 8 sati
00:22:15navečer, samo na N1
00:22:17Televiziji. "Ne
00:22:21mislim da je mahanje zastavama moj posao, nije ni da
00:22:25se svidim svima, moj posao je da prenesem činjenice
00:22:28kažem istinu, koliko god ju možda nekad nije ugodno čuti,
00:22:32jer novinarstvo nije PR, nije politikanstvo
00:22:36nije reality šou, novinarstvo je javna
00:22:39služba, jer odustati od postavljanja teških
00:22:43neugodnih pitanja, traženja teških odgovora znači
00:22:47odustati od demokracije, u vremenu..." poljuljanog povjerenja
00:22:51u institucije i krhke vjerodostojnosti
00:22:54novinarstvo ne smije šutjeti. Ja sam Hrvoje Krešić i
00:22:58gledajte me na N1
00:22:59Televiziji.
00:23:36A Chicago area woman named Michelle Cabrera was at risk of
00:23:39losing her site so she decided to see the
00:23:43world before it happened. Our travels are now inspiration for
00:23:46girls across the globe and many boys. Have listen. to what she
00:23:50told us about the places and the people that she's
00:23:53visited. me and my family were always
00:23:56adventurous growing up. i used to go fishing with my dad all the
00:24:00time and he would teach me archery and a bunch of different things.
00:24:04i used to watch lot of indiana jones and all the
00:24:07people that i saw that were you know like um
00:24:11severwin like all the adventurous people were all men. i was
00:24:15waiting waiting and for to see woman do adventurous things and i just
00:24:18never saw that. i got glasses when i was seven eight and
00:24:22the floater started appearing even more and more and didn't i didn't realize
00:24:26that they were not normal until later on and when i was
00:24:3019 it got pretty bad and told my parents i'm
00:24:34starting to see lot of blurs in my vision like should we get that checked out and they said
00:24:38yeah so we went to the eye doctor and they told me
00:24:42that based on my family's eye history
00:24:46that i was at increased risk for retinal detachment
00:24:50sudden blindness, hearing that 19 years
00:24:52old, didn't think that life was worth
00:24:56living if i couldn't see anything, and i just remember
00:25:00sitting there thinking, okay, if i have one year to
00:25:03truly live how i want to live, oh well, why don't i become that
00:25:07person, help inspire other girls to go out and adventure the
00:25:11world, and so then left
00:25:13a 19 to go live a remote village in the
00:25:17Himalayas with family, i volunteered as an English teacher by
00:25:21myself and it was the most life-changing experience ever, the
00:25:25moment that I got there, I hiked for five days, check for
00:25:28five days to get to this village, stayed in teases along the way
00:25:32with random families, um, got covered in
00:25:36leeches, maybe had 50 leeches on me as I was trecking through
00:25:39monsoon rain, people called me their sister,
00:25:43daughter, and it was crazy to make relationships with people that don't even
00:25:46speak the same languages to you, I ended up like raising money. for
00:25:50$4,000 to build the first ever water purification
00:25:54system in Anapurna region of Nepal and I built it for this
00:25:58school for the kids because lot them suffered from water born
00:26:01parasites. "whether you're family by blood or just
00:26:05family by community, it's a beautiful, beautiful thing, and that's what I love so much about
00:26:08outside of western culture and traveling to central Asia like
00:26:12Kirgisstan, Tajikistan, I've been to Uzbekistan, China,
00:26:16these places have really spoken lot to me, hundreds of
00:26:20thousands of people that have helped along the way when I
00:26:24missed bus and had no idea where to go
00:26:27and someone offer me to stay at their grandma's home or
00:26:31when..." lost all my cash and fell out of
00:26:35my pocket and didn't have any money left and some random stranger came up to
00:26:39me and told me, oh you can come with me, i'll i'll
00:26:42get
00:26:43you food, and they cooked me up a homemade meal. so many americans think oh it's
00:26:46about where what resort do you stay at or you know
00:26:50what tour did you go to do these experiences? no, you have
00:26:54to you know fully immerse yourself and talk to people and learn
00:26:58about their culture and show that you're willing to learn. lot of people say curiosity
00:27:02kills the... but it seems like i've had over nine lives because
00:27:05the amount of near death experiences that i've had from
00:27:08traveling. i've stayed in places where
00:27:11i found mouse poop on my bed right before i was about to sleep
00:27:14and like huge cockroaches and giant spiders aside like bigger
00:27:18than the size of my face. everything's a budget. i'm hitch- hiking and eating
00:27:22street food constantly, surviving off of gas station food. i don't
00:27:26recommend, but in your 20s you got to do what you got to do if you want to
00:27:30stay in places for long. periods of
00:27:33time and I've gotten myself injured. I mean, you can probably
00:27:37see my my poteller tendon, like the scarring on that
00:27:41on my knee tendon right there. That's from Australia when I
00:27:44ruptured, I completely ruptured my tendon while I was standing in the ocean
00:27:48and like wave hit and my foot got stuck in the sand and just fully
00:27:52snapped off, my kept went to my quad. Most people would say, oh michelle,
00:27:56like that didn't turn you back home.
00:27:59And no, there's so much that this world has to offer.
00:28:02and i can't imagine just staying in my hometown
00:28:06where and it's hard for me even go think about going back home
00:28:10because i it's
00:28:11like i outgrew this environment the doctors did tell me before i had
00:28:15left that my eyes had stabilized a bit more
00:28:19they said there's a possibility of me doing lay sick
00:28:22um i'm kind of scared to do it though i think it's all in
00:28:26god's hand so whatever happens happens my eyeesight
00:28:30issue was truly a bless in disguise, i
00:28:34don't think that i would have gone out of my way to
00:28:37go travel at such young age and been okay
00:28:41with being uncomfortable in these experiences, if
00:28:44didn't have that happen to me in whatever way do
00:28:48want to inspire people to continue to try new things and i'll
00:28:52continue to push for the life that i want to live as
00:28:55well.
00:29:00oh thanks to the wonderful. of her story, Michelle is an ambassador for the
00:29:04platform nomad sister, sight for solo female travelers seeking
00:29:08support. She encourages women to step out their comfort
00:29:12zones. Find out more
00:29:13there.
00:29:21Not very far from the edge the Gironde Wildfire, some the
00:29:25Bordeaux region's finest grapes are ripening. The
00:29:29owner of Chateau Smith Olafied says they were lucky. "the
00:29:32flames were 18 kilometers away and the smoke never made it
00:29:36here, and looking at these grapes, it isn't simply that the the smell
00:29:40came to you for a couple of times, a couple of hours, you didn't get the smoke, we're far from the
00:29:44fires, and the grapes are such that they are impermeable at this point anyway,
00:29:48totally, because you see uh, if you touch them it's very hard,
00:29:51and we we didn't we have maybe two hours of
00:29:55bad smell, not, not, not ashes, nothing, so
00:29:59it's perfect, the vineyards here go back to the..." 14th
00:30:03century, from the vantage point the chateau's tower, Florence
00:30:07Catiar explains that the real challenge this year has been protecting her
00:30:10organically grown grapes from the summer's extreme heat. Oh, it's
00:30:14beautiful
00:30:15from up here. Under the chateau's floorboards, you get a glimpse of
00:30:19what's at stake. They call this paradise, where the properties,
00:30:23most ancient and expensive wines are kept. This is very
00:30:26special piece, and in fact you can have, you you can see
00:30:30here all the... bottle, the oldest we have
00:30:34here,
00:30:35it is 1878. as we taste
00:30:392016, yan lodeo says this year's
00:30:42vintage will be unharmed by the fires, but redrawn by the
00:30:46heat. i try to make the best wine we
00:30:50can make for each vintage. so it's
00:30:53reinvention, exactly. unlike recent vintages affected by
00:30:57wildfires in napa.