Google Cloud Speech-to-Text API (Chirp) + Gemini 2.5 Flash Non-Thinking. Treat it as a searchable index of what was broadcast, not a quotation record.
00:00:00which is extreme, as we call it.
00:00:02Science at
00:00:03They stop buying this environments, and a part under Of course, we are talking about areas according
00:00:07and I mean in the camps, settlement products. the political system,
00:00:08in exile, it is considered C under the control of the occupation
00:00:11completely. However,
00:00:14the farmer managed to bring these
00:00:17waters. He also started looking for water
00:00:21militant, and therefore this
00:00:22there was an abundance sources, and this was also not easy because until
00:00:25today they
00:00:28in the diaspora? enter the farms and try to search for some wells that are
00:00:33which many present in these farms, especially date palm farms, so that in the end
00:00:36kilograms of the process of filling these
00:00:39wells
00:00:41and cutting off water from
00:00:45the farmers, even if their sources
00:00:48to the masses of youth in were from springs, and what is happening today in
00:00:51to transform from Al-Buqaia is the same thing that is happening in Al-Jiftlik. It is happening in Jericho, Marj Al-Ghazal, Marj
00:00:54in this sector increased. Na'ji. In all areas, they consider that if
00:00:56they manage to dry up the water, it means they have killed
00:01:00the horses who
00:01:03are a real competition for them.
00:01:06is considered a characteristic of rooting
00:01:09steadfastness for the farmer. The palm tree
00:01:13shares the challenge against
00:01:16work in the palm sector, whether in this occupation, because
00:01:18because different nuclei palm trees refugees in are not an easy thing.
00:01:22It is like olive trees. The
00:01:25farmer, first of all, with his dedication
00:01:29in his agricultural operations for this
00:01:32crop, is able
00:01:34in the camps. to produce excellent results in quality and production.
00:01:37I want to say that the challenge we face
00:01:41So there was a has created a new reality
00:01:44his solace in that has achieved
00:01:45channeling this two things. First, it has strengthened the steadfastness of farmers,
00:01:49so they did not leave the land, even the land that was not cultivated in history.
00:01:52a part in The second issue is that they achieved
00:01:53about before this success in the matter
00:01:56of production for this sector.
00:02:00So today,
00:02:02Israeli occupation in which means, "If you want to defeat
00:02:03put a date from we export our production to more than 40 countries
00:02:08They formed the Land Party from directly, and about 40 countries directly
00:02:11represent themselves, and this for marketing Palestinian date production. That's
00:02:15Arab unity and other why, in my opinion, Palestinian name until it was abolished in organization began to emerge from the more the occupation's challenge against us increases,
00:02:19the more we achieve a reality
00:02:22that, let's say, strengthens our steadfastness and achieves
00:02:25greater
00:02:27measure on success in the issue of economic borders, or
00:02:31even in our presence in the global market. They
00:02:37on, in
00:02:38the stations of this one of the 65% of the workers in this consider us real competitors, because the demand is very high for Palestinian production in global
00:02:41this refugee markets, compared to their getting rid of the Palestinian. settlement production.
00:02:45And this is considered
00:02:48one
00:02:50it. It is the oldest of the economic battles they are fighting with the existing
00:02:53Palestinian
00:02:55everything that has any kind of reality. When I first started, there was
00:02:57a model farm
00:03:01with 400 trees, and
00:03:03That's why there are many then I increased it How did this in the year
00:03:061995 to about
00:03:09the wounds 1200 trees. And frankly, I'll tell you, the trees were
00:03:12monopolized by the Israelis,
00:03:15the masses and crowds of the Palestinian and there was an Israeli
00:03:15to the idea that existed military order
00:03:17that any Israeli farmer
00:03:20the entire family income in or settler this sector, who sold these
00:03:23seedlings to a Palestinian farmer would be sent to a military court
00:03:27and fined
00:03:28so that they can finally achieve up to 40,000 shekels.
00:03:34that the Nakba, as its name That's why this decision was not easy. The process of introducing
00:03:37aspect is that this these seedlings into the Palestinian
00:03:38type reality. Today, thank God, that's why I tell you that
00:03:41we are changing the reality. We now have
00:03:44was it converted from nationalist to national? This does not trees,
00:03:48a kind of complete came, and occupation is harder seedlings, let's That's why they are in demand in say, of these existing trees that cover our needs and exceed our needs
00:03:52idea was that it is forbidden to confront in the expansion freedom in
00:03:54is related to operations for planting this sector. That's
00:03:56why investors started to feel that there were successes.
00:04:00This sector is achieving with small
00:04:03their quantities with traders in model farms, so that
00:04:06the Palestinian
00:04:09representation and the departure from investor, along with the farmer
00:04:09internal situation, and the owners of the vast lands
00:04:13on the outskirts of the city and in the northern Jordan Valley, entered this
00:04:18ideology was the difference in success and supporting sector and were able
00:04:18The settlers came down from to inject money, so that in the end
00:04:20the mountain. They were on
00:04:22linked to the economic we now have approximately 40,000 trees planted in the Jericho
00:04:26and Jordan Valley
00:04:27a series of area, and their productivity reaches
00:04:3028,000 tons
00:04:32But there is something that cannot
00:04:33are asking for it. I mean, when he goes to a large share in this to 30,000 tons. Our expectations are that it will reach
00:04:36approximately 400,000 tons
00:04:39in the next five years.
00:04:44We will stop at this of this sector, This is the production of dates
00:04:47the ready-made molds of whether in local of the Medjool after this break. markets or in variety, and this is, of course,
00:04:49boycott committees in a challenge. The main problem is the lack
00:04:52of water, because the palm tree, in past
00:04:56years, used to produce about 40 to
00:04:5950 kg, and this was not feasible in the beginning, because every
00:05:03kilogram of dates needs a cup of water per
00:05:06year. So the farmers managed to provide
00:05:09water in different ways, which we are not interested in discussing in
00:05:13detail. But they were able to create a new reality so that the palm
00:05:17tree now produces about 70 to 75
00:05:21kilograms of dates, meaning it takes about
00:05:2470 cups of water per year.
00:05:27This, of course, increased productivity
00:05:31and improved quality, because
00:05:34of water. Our expectations for the coming
00:05:38years, God willing, are that we can increase
00:05:41the challenge with the occupation regarding water specifically,
00:05:44so that the palm tree gives us 100
00:05:49dates. This means it needs
00:05:52100 cups of water per year so that in the end
00:05:55we get this output. Of course,
00:05:59the beginnings were
00:06:01gradual. Every year, the percentage of workers
00:06:07Today, we are talking about 6,000
00:06:10to 7,000 workers working in this sector, both young men
00:06:14and women. These workers
00:06:17now work all year round. In past
00:06:21years, it was only partially. Today, most
00:06:25of the year, these workers
00:06:28farms, in agricultural operations, or
00:06:32inside factories or packaging centers
00:06:36that carry out the packaging of these dates, especially
00:06:40young women who had no job opportunities. Today,
00:06:43they are working in our
00:06:45sector. The percentage of female workers in settlements
00:06:49has completely stopped. I mean,
00:06:53there are no, let's say, in the Jordan Valley area, in the Jordan Valley
00:06:56settlements, there are no female workers.
00:07:00There are some male workers, but a large number of them are shifting
00:07:04to work in the Palestinian palm sector.
00:07:07And there are also guarantees
00:07:09for workers so that they get health insurance,
00:07:13they get work insurance,
00:07:16they get their rights completely at the end of every month.
00:07:20They get their full rights. I mean,
00:07:23the conditions are completely
00:07:26set for him to enjoy all his rights
00:07:30as a worker in this sector. That's
00:07:32why we believe that the more production
00:07:35increases, the more the number of workers in Jericho will increase.
00:07:39There is no problem with unemployment, because
00:07:42it has almost been solved. We now have a large number, about
00:07:4660% to
00:07:49sector come from outside the Jericho
00:07:52and Jordan Valley area, meaning from Nablus,
00:07:56Tulkarem, Hebron, a high percentage. Ramallah
00:07:59refugee camps, all of these are participating in working
00:08:03in this sector. That's why it has indeed raised
00:08:06first the income level of the agricultural
00:08:10family in the Jordan Valley, because according to Palestinian
00:08:13statistics before 1994, the Jordan Valley was considered
00:08:17one of the poor or low-income
00:08:20areas. Today, even if he works
00:08:24as a laborer or has farms
00:08:27or is related to today
00:08:33the Jordan Valley has improved, and I believe
00:08:36that the income level in these families has increased
00:08:41their normal
00:08:44lives. First, in two aspects. The first
00:08:51of dates, which are Jericho dates, Jordan Valley
00:08:54dates, first of all, has a special quality and flavor.
00:09:00international markets, and I believe
00:09:03this year, for example, most
00:09:06farms, more than 90%, have been reserved by companies,
00:09:10and companies, with all due respect, have already reserved
00:09:16international markets due to the high
00:09:19demand for this product. So this, if it indicates anything,
00:09:22it indicates the advantage that Palestinian
00:09:25dates enjoy. The second message is a political
00:09:29message, so that the Palestinian
00:09:32name has become
00:09:35aspect, so that the world now knows that there is
00:09:39a distinguished Palestinian date entering these markets.
00:09:42People in these countries
00:09:46the supermarket, he just looks, and if he sees
00:09:49that it's a Palestinian product written on it, he immediately
00:09:53buys this product. There are two aspects. The aspect
00:09:57that this has an advantage, and the other aspect is that there are
00:10:02the world that also stand in solidarity with the Palestinian
00:10:04people in their right. That's why they
00:10:08fight the entry of settlement products.
00:10:12The dates that the Israelis try
00:10:16to support and promote in every way
00:10:19are ignored by many of our citizens
00:10:22who stand in solidarity with our Palestinian people in
00:10:25those countries.
00:10:28date and boycott
00:10:32Just because we said that most of the lands were not cultivated
00:10:35in history, that means that palm cultivation has protected this
00:10:39land and established its ownership,
00:10:43especially for the private sector.
00:10:46The second issue is that,
00:10:49on the contrary, palm trees can withstand
00:10:52difficult conditions, unlike vegetables. So if the farmer has a water
00:10:56problem or certain problems, or if
00:10:59natural problems occur, which we used to hear about every year from vegetable
00:11:02farmers, like winds,
00:11:05rains, hurricanes, and so on,
00:11:09these do not affect this sector today.
00:11:12That's why the farmer was able to carry out
00:11:15land reclamation operations for these lands,
00:11:18bulldozing them, leveling them, and so on, extending water pipes in a model
00:11:21way. He was also able
00:11:25to improve the soil through his use of some
00:11:28agricultural operations that
00:11:32created a new reality that we did not
00:11:36expect to reach this level. But thank God,
00:11:40this is an indication of the farmer's dedication
00:11:42and his excellent professionalism. We are not
00:11:46settlers, we are landowners. That's why it's natural
00:11:49for our belonging to this land to reach this
00:11:53result that we have achieved. We now have good production
00:11:57and excellent specifications, and also the palm
00:12:01trees, through these agricultural operations,
00:12:05enjoy specifications
00:12:07that distinguish them from many other palm trees in the world. The second
00:12:11issue is our location,
00:12:14our elevation below sea level, about 400
00:12:17meters, and the atmospheric pressure, sunlight, low humidity,
00:12:21all of these factors distinguished the Palestinian
00:12:25date. I mean, you
00:12:28the Jordan Valley and a date from any other country, and you
00:12:32immediately see the difference in
00:12:35the specifications, in the quality, and in the taste, and in all the matters
00:12:39related to, let's say,
00:12:41the specifications of the Palestinian date from others. That's why
00:12:45these natural conditions helped
00:12:49us. The farmer's belonging to this land
00:12:52helped us. His high professionalism
00:12:55in carrying out the correct agricultural operations was also
00:13:00reasons that led us to the result, thank God, that we
00:13:04are talking about today. Jericho is a city
00:13:07that deserves that all
00:13:10the people living in it, and even those who are not living in it, protect
00:13:15city in the world. It has features.
00:13:19Most religions
00:13:22had a footprint in this
00:13:25city.
00:13:28archaeological sites.
00:13:31We must create, in addition to religious tourism,
00:13:34a new type of tourism called agricultural tourism, so that
00:13:38many countries in the world share
00:13:42first the success of these sectors,
00:13:45and also see the challenges they are facing.
00:13:47And I was very happy when the Turkish
00:13:51Farmers' Union, which has more than 4.5 million members,
00:13:55came and visited with us the reality of the Jordan Valley, and they
00:13:58spoke to us during a visit we made to the Turkish
00:14:01citizen about the violations
00:14:05that
00:14:08the occupation is committing against our Palestinian
00:14:11farmers. And how much this affects the Turkish
00:14:15citizen to distinguish that this is a Palestinian product. I want
00:14:18Jerusalem dates, which are a Palestinian product, not the other
00:14:22product. That's why I
00:14:25believe that all this requires us all to cooperate
00:14:28with each other. First, the private sector should not
00:14:32retreat, meaning it should remain steadfast
00:14:35in the matter of, first, the investor
00:14:38should be interested in continuing
00:14:41this sector. The farmer who participates
00:14:45in these operations should also be interested in this matter and develop
00:14:48as much as he can. And also the worker
00:14:52also has
00:14:55sector. He must protect it. And also
00:14:58the official institution must always
00:15:01look for ways that can create
00:15:05the conditions for the success
00:15:11the local reality, or even in global
00:15:15markets, because without our cooperation,
00:15:18and I believe that the current
00:15:21Minister of Agriculture, God willing, is with us in good spirits
00:15:24in the matter of moving forward in light of the difficult
00:15:27challenges we are facing, and he is a man who is committed
00:15:31to the land and to the issue of how everyone
00:15:34can cooperate in order to always create,
00:15:38first, to strengthen the steadfastness of the Palestinian farmer
00:15:41on his land,
00:15:45to confront the challenges that the occupation is carrying out
00:15:48against the agricultural sector, especially the palm
00:15:51sector, as it is promising, and also
00:15:54to pay more attention to non-governmental
00:15:57organizations to stand by this sector
00:16:01so that in the end we achieve results that we will all be
00:16:04satisfied with, regardless of the challenges we are facing.
00:17:46Their first and last goal is for us to stop so they can come
00:17:50and take over this area, because God forbid, if they take over this area,
00:17:54it will all be gone. No one will be able to pass through this
00:17:57area, neither Kafr Malik, nor Al-Mazra'a, nor
00:18:00Al-Mughayyir, because this area is the only access point for these
00:18:04two villages.
00:18:08These are Palestinian areas signed in Oslo, no Israelis allowed.
00:18:45Phones and smart cities to robots
00:18:49and virtual reality, new technologies are reshaping
00:18:52our lives every
00:18:54day.
00:18:57In a digital dimension, we discover the latest achievements of the world
00:19:01of technology and we wonder
00:19:03how these technologies will change our lives and what
00:19:07awaits us tomorrow.
00:19:11In a digital dimension, we discover the future before it arrives.
00:19:27There is a connection between the book, knowledge, memories,
00:19:30homeland, and identity. I see
00:19:34my home as a testament to Palestine.
00:19:37A testament to what happened
00:19:39to Palestine.
00:19:42When I am abroad, I must go to Palestinian places, I must see
00:19:45Palestinians.
00:19:47Wherever a Palestinian goes, he is proud of Palestine.
00:19:50Palestine is present, Jerusalem
00:19:54is present, the key to return
00:19:55is there.
00:20:02Houses may be demolished, and trees may be uprooted,
00:20:04and places may change.
00:20:10be demolished or uprooted. Our Palestinian
00:20:13identity. Palestine is in us,
00:20:17and it will remain in us from generation to generation.
00:21:46Welcome. The Nakba was not the end of the story,
00:21:50but rather the beginning of a new stage in
00:21:53the history of our people. After the Palestinian was uprooted from
00:21:57his land, the occupation thought that refuge would break his will,
00:22:01but what happened was that the bitterness
00:22:04of loss turned into national awareness, and
00:22:08frustration turned into determination, and the features of a new
00:22:12stage began to emerge,
00:22:15in which the Palestinian no longer waited for someone
00:22:18to return his land. Rather, he decided to be
00:22:22the maker of his future,
00:22:24and thus came the revolution that was born from the womb of refuge
00:22:27and refugee camps. How was this revolutionary spirit
00:22:31born, and what were the factors that drove Palestinians
00:22:35to join the military formations
00:22:38that began to declare themselves
00:22:42purely Palestinian? To talk
00:22:45about this pivotal stage, we are pleased
00:22:48to welcome Dr. Fares Al-Deek, Professor of Political
00:22:51Science at the Arab American University.
00:23:06Welcome, dear viewers, and welcome
00:23:09to my guest in the studio, Dr. Fares Al-Deek,
00:23:12Professor of Political Science at the Arab American University. Welcome,
00:23:16Doctor. Welcome, and good evening
00:23:20to you and all the viewers.
00:23:23Good evening to you all. Welcome, you mean in
00:23:28program we touch upon
00:23:30many pivotal points in the life
00:23:34of the Palestinian people. Today we
00:23:38are talking about the aftermath
00:23:41of the Nakba, after this defeat that
00:23:44befell the Palestinian people and the Arab
00:23:48nation as a whole.
00:23:53strong Palestinian begin
00:23:57to heal and start
00:24:00to practice his life
00:24:04that he had been cut off from, and from
00:24:07his land, home, family, and people,
00:24:11and sought refuge in camps
00:24:14outside the homeland? How was
00:24:17this stage?
00:24:20First, there is no doubt
00:24:24suggests, was a heavy blow. The Palestinian lost
00:24:27his land first, and then
00:24:31what is called occupation
00:24:35than colonialism, because it is a replacement that wants to bring a settler
00:24:38and replace the Palestinian.
00:24:41Therefore, the issue
00:24:44continuity and is related to
00:24:48the seizure of land and... Land is usually the state,
00:24:52land and people. If the land is seized and the
00:24:54people are seized, nothing
00:24:57will remain, no entity or anything
00:25:00for the state. But if we look at
00:25:03the Nakba, we will see
00:25:07great
00:25:08manifestations
00:25:11and on the other hand great tragedies.
00:25:14The tragedy bears within
00:25:17it the psychological aspect.
00:25:21and the intellectual aspect and the social
00:25:24aspect and the economic aspect and the national
00:25:27aspect. Many people focus
00:25:31on a specific economic aspect or focus
00:25:34on a specific
00:25:38humanitarian aspect, but if we look at the picture, we will find
00:25:41that the other aspects are very
00:25:45important, and perhaps everything I mentioned is even more important:
00:25:48the search for Palestinian identity, and Palestinian
00:25:51identity. Yes,
00:25:54if we look at the social aspect, we will see
00:25:57that Palestinian society disintegrated,
00:26:00and he and his cousin
00:26:02or his neighbor or relatives were in one place, and they were
00:26:06in another place. I mean, he went to
00:26:09a new social environment and a new political
00:26:12environment as well, because he had to
00:26:16submit to the laws of the country he went to. And
00:26:20as a refugee, it was an additional law
00:26:23to the new country's law. The idea that he
00:26:25is a refugee in refugee
00:26:29camps. Psychologically, imagine
00:26:33farm, and money, and becoming
00:26:35waiting for assistance from UNRWA
00:26:39or any humanitarian assistance.
00:26:42And also psychologically, he was called a Palestinian
00:26:45refugee, and they turned him into a humanitarian
00:26:48case, he only needs help. But the heart of the Palestinian
00:26:52was burning, and the dignity of the Palestinian was burning,
00:26:56that he is not a humanitarian case.
00:27:00No, I am a national case. I
00:27:03was subjected to persecution, and I was subjected
00:27:07to war and exile,
00:27:10and I am not a beggar at
00:27:13the doors of different institutions. So this
00:27:17was also what people don't talk about much, the psychological
00:27:20state he was subjected to. Okay, Dr. Elias,
00:27:24who could have I mean,
00:27:28brought down the Palestinian wherever he was,
00:27:32especially the refugee who lived
00:27:36This despair that was
00:27:40a cause for rebellion among Palestinians.
00:27:43Where did he find
00:27:47rebellion against the reality that was
00:27:51created for him? Indeed, if we look at the situation
00:27:54of the refugee, first of all, before we talk
00:27:58about the camps, Golda Meir has one of her famous
00:28:01quotes,
00:28:05the Palestinian, make him despair." Despair.
00:28:08And frankly,
00:28:10what we need most is the struggle
00:28:13of optimism, if I may call it the struggle
00:28:16of optimism, because optimism
00:28:20builds and establishes
00:28:23and keeps the Palestinian's existence as
00:28:27the true
00:28:30the land. Therefore, the human element and the Zionist
00:28:34programs aimed at killing the Palestinian, and we saw the war of extermination and so
00:28:42In the camp,
00:28:44began to see that the search for
00:28:48identity was the primary starting point.
00:28:51I am not a beggar, and I am not
00:28:55at anyone's door. Rather, I
00:28:57am subjected to a certain
00:29:01case of forced displacement and the war of extermination that
00:29:04I was subjected to during the Nakba. Therefore, he searches for
00:29:07identity, he searches for dignity, and he did not
00:29:10give up
00:29:12his Palestinian identity. Therefore,
00:29:17people in the camps insisted
00:29:20on fighting the state of despair that befell us
00:29:24after the Nakba. And if I want to talk about the state of despair that befell
00:29:28us, it was intellectually, in terms of thought,
00:29:31so that the idea was promoted
00:29:34that Israel is capable with its military power
00:29:38of doing anything, especially the scene before you that
00:29:41the Arab armies were defeated and it became a fait
00:29:44accompli, and therefore any person who thinks of armed
00:29:48resistance or thinks of forming armed
00:29:51gangs or parties or groups
00:29:54will be met with annihilation. Arab countries did not stand against
00:29:58Israel, and unfortunately, there were theorists in Arab
00:30:02thought regarding
00:30:05calm and the inability to
00:30:08put it bluntly, to "not bite off more than one can chew."
00:30:12In the literal sense, therefore,
00:30:14we saw Israel in its war with Arab countries, and it was able
00:30:18to defeat them and establish
00:30:21an entity on Palestinian land. Therefore, they excluded
00:30:24this option, but the Palestinian, through
00:30:30matters, with the title of homeland, and its title is dignity,
00:30:34and its title is land, and its title is longing,
00:30:37and its title is the key, and its title is
00:30:41all Palestinian
00:30:42constants.
00:30:46axis and continue, but
00:31:02Welcome back, dear viewers, and welcome to you,
00:31:06Doctor. We talked about this
00:31:10stage in which the Palestinian began to ignite
00:31:13the fire of revolution from this
00:31:16despair. How did it begin
00:31:19to form,
00:31:23in the diaspora? How did the seeds of this
00:31:26revolution begin to form and ignite
00:31:30among Palestinian youth who
00:31:33refused to succumb, refused
00:31:36submission, and refused the humiliation that
00:31:39the camps were experiencing
00:31:43The bitterness of displacement,
00:31:48people say involved the displacement of 650,000 to 700,000
00:31:52people, according to UNRWA, in
00:31:561950. The refugees registered with UNRWA were a million, or rather
00:32:00900,000 and some change,
00:32:03almost a million,
00:32:06in addition to those who were not registered. Therefore, about
00:32:101.3 million people were displaced, who were in
00:32:14Arab countries with different identities
00:32:18under different countries,
00:32:20in a new humanitarian situation. They were
00:32:24looking for someone to sound the alarm,
00:32:28someone to ring the bell,
00:32:33of groups had formed, whether the Student Union or... And the basic
00:32:37structure and the basic building block for
00:32:40trade unionism. But we, the Palestinian people, all forms
00:32:44of trade unionism are flavored with politics, with politics. And
00:32:47the General Union of Students was the cornerstone.
00:32:50the basis of the issue of Palestinian
00:32:53representation.
00:32:56search here and there in more
00:32:59than even the Land Party within Palestine, who signed, meaning
00:33:03we imagine a part in Lebanon, a part in Syria,
00:33:07Jordan, and a part in Gaza, and a part
00:33:11came to the West Bank in different
00:33:14مختلفه وجزء تحت
00:33:17the entity that was established in 1948.
00:33:23the name they took, and therefore they wanted to
00:33:26party continued to speak in the
00:33:301964 by the Israeli occupation
00:33:34authorities. And various Palestinian
00:33:37groups were formed to search for
00:33:41this issue that is present within the camps. How
00:33:45can it emerge as a real struggle?
00:33:49Perhaps the first stage that found
00:33:52itself in the Palestinian
00:33:55street in the diaspora camps
00:33:58was its existence after the formation of the PLO, even though
00:34:01it was under the Arab umbrella and Arab
00:34:05tutelage, he feels that he will have
00:34:09Palestinian representation and a Palestinian spokesperson
00:34:12especially after the measures that led to the PLO, such as the
00:34:16Jericho conference and the Jerusalem conference, and the annexation of the East
00:34:19Bank to the West Bank, to the East
00:34:22Bank. All of this was the absence
00:34:26of a Palestinian presence, and the camps were searching for
00:34:30Palestinian representation. Therefore, the beginning of the
00:34:33Palestinian Liberation Organization and the establishment of the Liberation Organization was the first
00:34:37ring for the Palestinian to feel
00:34:40represented, and
00:34:43it was the essential stage that made a difference in the life
00:34:47of the Palestinian in terms of representation and momentum in the camps
00:34:50to join the revolution. This was the Battle
00:34:53of Karameh. The Battle of Karameh
00:34:56was that for the first time, the image of the Israeli
00:35:00army that does not acknowledge or that does not confront what we talked about at the
00:35:04beginning of the program, that the prevailing
00:35:07this army because it defeated Arab armies. For the first
00:35:10time, the Jordanian forces and the Fatah movement
00:35:14and the Palestinian forces that formed the PLO
00:35:17and who became the core and the backbone,
00:35:21and this increased Palestinian
00:35:24Arab tutelage gradually
00:35:26made the Battle of Karameh the
00:35:29first ray of hope for the Palestinian
00:35:32that the hand can meet the
00:35:36crushing blow with full force. Yes,
00:35:39and it proved that the Fatah
00:35:43movement, the Palestinian movements,
00:35:45and the Jordanians in the Battle of Karameh
00:35:48that what has passed,
00:35:51even with defeats, will not make us break or
00:35:55despair. No, these are rounds
00:35:57and battles, and we have not been broken
00:36:00at all. Yes, and it was the first ray of hope
00:36:04after the defeat of '48 and the defeat of '67 of the Arab
00:36:08armies and the nationalist thought that
00:36:11was broken in one way or another
00:36:14in front of this defeat. Who
00:36:17brought it back? The Palestinian in the Battle
00:36:19of Karameh was the beginning of the return, because the
00:36:23story did not end, and the issue did not end.
00:36:28That surrender and despair, and therefore
00:36:31the camps saw that
00:36:33they had become present and breathing,
00:36:37not a refugee with an address, not a beggar with
00:36:40an address. The idea that I am
00:36:42a humanitarian refugee has turned into
00:36:46a revolutionary fighter or
00:36:49name gives a great psychological
00:36:52depth to the Palestinian that instead of me, from a psychological
00:36:55point of view, being a refugee
00:36:58waiting for aid, I am a revolutionary, and this
00:37:01designation has a great story in the Palestinian
00:37:05imagination, that your name transforms into a Palestinian
00:37:08revolutionary or Palestinian militant, and therefore it found
00:37:12its way
00:37:15the camps
00:37:19defeat to a state of resilience,
00:37:23a state of pride, a state of,
00:37:27yes, an attempt to restore what is within me of things that
00:37:30were broken through previous
00:37:33stages. Here, Doctor, it is impossible
00:37:37to talk about
00:37:40the
00:37:44the camps without also talking about this leadership
00:37:48that, I mean, began
00:37:50to form through the student union, as
00:37:53you said, or through unions and federations, or
00:37:57formations that began to impose
00:37:59themselves through
00:38:02the Arab National Movement, the Muslim Brotherhood movement.
00:38:06How did the Palestinian begin
00:38:09to search for his salvation
00:38:12on his own and to have
00:38:16his own political
00:38:19and military formation? We may have
00:38:22touched on the issue of how the factions joined
00:38:26the Fatah movement after the Khaloun operation,
00:38:29and then the Popular Front and the Democratic
00:38:32Front joined the organization.
00:38:35The backbone of the strong
00:38:39tutelage, and with the arrival of the martyr
00:38:42Yasser Arafat and his assumption of the leadership of the PLO,
00:38:46and he was the leader of the Fatah movement,
00:38:50the voice became purely Palestinian. This was
00:38:52a pivotal point after Karameh and the masses
00:38:56and crowds it created who joined the national
00:38:59movement. A new turning point came
00:39:03that the national movement or the
00:39:06PLO, the representative of the Palestinian people, became one of the national
00:39:10movements whose slogan was armed struggle for the liberation
00:39:14of Palestine, and that despair
00:39:16ended, and we have a new program, and this is the choice
00:39:20and the path to the liberation of Palestine. Therefore, it was
00:39:23a very important stage for
00:39:26a national movement to represent the PLO, in addition to the other
00:39:30factions present and also the independents who
00:39:32were members of the conferences in the PLO,
00:39:36but the top of the pyramid is the head of a Palestinian
00:39:40faction, and therefore the organization's
00:39:44program turned into a militant program. It was a huge
00:39:47turning point in the path of the Palestinian cause
00:39:51completely and the departure from the Arab
00:39:54cloak in the sense of tutelage,
00:39:57not in the national or nationalist
00:40:00sense, or Therefore, when the Palestinian National Charter
00:40:04was formed, the National Charter was, and then it was
00:40:07converted to the National Charter. Why
00:40:11mean that we moved away from our Arab nationalism. No, we are linked to Arab
00:40:15nationalism, and we are still linked to Arab nationalism, and it is the
00:40:19foundation. But it means that we,
00:40:22as Palestinians, have the ability to represent
00:40:25ourselves and support Arab nationalism,
00:40:29and Arab nationalism is not a substitute
00:40:31for the national
00:40:34opinion or the Palestinian national
00:40:37core or Palestinian representation. And how much was the Palestinian's concern at that
00:40:41stage, Doctor, that
00:40:44I am the one who
00:40:47wants to join this faction or that,
00:40:51but with a clear Palestinian vision. We
00:40:54talked, perhaps as an example, about the movement of nationalists and the movement
00:40:58of the Muslim Brotherhood, which had, I mean,
00:41:01its goals, for sure, but Palestine
00:41:03not the
00:41:06priority. When did the Palestinian conclude
00:41:10or, I mean, feel that
00:41:13Palestine should be
00:41:16the first priority for these parties?
00:41:19So he began to disengage from them little
00:41:22by little, and the nature of humans is that
00:41:25we are different for life to go on. If we are not different, nothing
00:41:28works. Therefore, we are different
00:41:31even in thought, even in politics, and perhaps sometimes the difference,
00:41:35despite the presence of various obstacles,
00:41:38can strengthen
00:41:41our situation.
00:41:43We,
00:41:45the Palestinian movements, notice that there is a leftist part,
00:41:49an Islamic part, a part that adopted a certain
00:41:52ideology.
00:41:55This ideology was adopted because the reality was like that. The Communist
00:41:59Party
00:42:00and the reality of
00:42:03socialism was global at that
00:42:06stage, and we, as Palestinians, are part of this orientation
00:42:10in one way or another.
00:42:13But we notice that the wider
00:42:17segment joined the non- ideological movement at that period, which is the
00:42:20Fatah movement. Fatah movement, yes, non- ideological in other words,
00:42:24like society itself. Some are Christian and some are Muslim, some pray
00:42:27and some don't pray.
00:42:28Some
00:42:32are doctors and some are farmers and some are. This societal
00:42:35diversity that was natural,
00:42:38Fatah's ideology made this public join
00:42:41in one way
00:42:43or another to the Fatah movement. Therefore,
00:42:47the influence of other factions was limited
00:42:49because ideology
00:42:52choked the public, in other words,
00:42:55right, and made the public's affiliation
00:42:59with non-ideology stronger because they wanted a kind of space,
00:43:02a kind of, and they needed liberation, the liberation
00:43:06of Palestine only.
00:43:23Welcome again, dear viewers, and welcome
00:43:26to you, Doctor, and in continuation
00:43:30of what we talked
00:43:33break, about the ideology
00:43:37that was somewhat suffocating
00:43:41for the Palestinian who was trying to join
00:43:44any purely Palestinian
00:43:47formation whose first and last goal was
00:43:50the liberation of Palestine, and then the other goals,
00:43:55goals that were discussed at that stage. Of course,
00:43:59the Palestinian people, as we mentioned,
00:44:02went through a stage where they were searching
00:44:05for self-representation and to break free from the tutelage of others.
00:44:11Therefore, the ideological parties took
00:44:13a part of a society that was strange to
00:44:17Palestinian society, and some of them
00:44:20were affiliated with certain countries
00:44:23or as an ideology or
00:44:26as parties or supported by a certain country,
00:44:29and therefore the Palestinian wants to be liberated and shake off
00:44:35dependency, even if it is positive, even if it is good, even if it is fine, and he wants
00:44:38to appear in the same image and wants to represent himself and wants
00:44:42to be himself and wants to feel that he is independent in
00:44:45his speech, in his words, and in everything.
00:44:49The ideological factions
00:44:52were as if they were contrary
00:44:55in the imagination of the Palestinian street or the Palestinian
00:44:59people regarding
00:45:02other representation. So he wants something that has nothing to do with representing
00:45:06anyone. Here, non- ideology is a space
00:45:10for every Palestinian
00:45:12who
00:45:15wants to participate, regardless of his religion,
00:45:18his position, his name,
00:45:22his sect, his existence, and in addition to that,
00:45:25he wants to feel
00:45:30representation. I want to stay away from ideology.
00:45:33This was perhaps the big psychological
00:45:37point, in addition to the fact that the programs
00:45:40of the Fatah movement, for example, were armed
00:45:43struggle, and this satisfies the Palestinian's desire to regain his land,
00:45:47as well as the
00:45:49even though the Popular Front also considered
00:45:53armed struggle to be the only way, but
00:45:58the matter.
00:46:01And therefore, he saw this space and rushed towards
00:46:04this space with all his might
00:46:07to shake off the old dust
00:46:10and represent himself on the one hand,
00:46:12and to feel that he is not
00:46:16a beggar, but rather a fighter
00:46:18and a revolutionary, militant, national,
00:46:22nostalgic, and returning,
00:46:24and breaking all
00:46:27despair that surrounded the Palestinian idea
00:46:31and Palestinian asylum. What you said
00:46:34is beautiful, Doctor, and beautiful and useful,
00:46:37and thank you very much for all this,
00:46:41I mean, the
00:46:44information, all these insights on many
00:46:47aspects of this stage. Thank you very much,
00:46:51Doctor Fares. Professor of Political
00:46:55the Arab American University. Our greetings to you,
00:46:58Doctor. We always
00:47:01say that from the rubble of the Nakba,
00:47:05a national project was born, carried
00:47:07by a people who refused submission and the humiliation of asylum,
00:47:11and thus wrote a new page in the history of Palestine,
00:47:15entitled "Revolution and Will." Greetings to you,
00:47:18dear viewers, and until another meeting that brings
00:47:21us together with you in a new station
00:47:24on the road to the homeland. May you always be well.
00:51:13the mountain with the
00:51:15settlers up there. Suddenly, over 200 settlers came down
00:51:18and went to the town.
00:51:22In the town, they started looking for a house on the outskirts, a car,
00:51:26anything to burn.
00:52:29Good morning, dear viewers. This is the seventh, and we begin with the main
00:52:33headlines.
00:52:35Four martyrs and injured in the occupation's bombing of various
00:52:38areas in the Gaza
00:52:39Strip.
00:52:46Europe calls on Washington to reverse the visa ban for the Palestinian
00:52:50delegation.
00:52:57Olives under the yoke of occupation.