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00:02:28The United States and Iran carried out the largest wave of attacks on
00:02:31navigation since the beginning of the war. Tehran claimed to have
00:02:34attacked 10 ships near the Strait of Hormuz, after Washington
00:02:38sank five Iranian oil tankers. The
00:02:42offensive caused oil prices to skyrocket with the price of a barrel
00:02:45exceeding $100 for the first time since
00:02:49July. Iran also claimed to have fired ballistic
00:02:52missiles at a base used by American forces in
00:02:56Jordan. Tehran also said it had captured an
00:03:00autonomous American submarine that can be
00:03:03used for surveillance mapping. The Revolutionary
00:03:06Guard said it would drastically intensify its
00:03:09response to any new attack. Joining us to analyze this and other
00:03:13international news is Vitélio Brustolin,
00:03:17a Harvard researcher and professor of international relations at the Fluminense Federal
00:03:20University. Hi Vitélio, good afternoon, thank you for being with
00:03:24us again. Good afternoon, Jonathan, thank you for the invitation.
00:03:28To everyone. Vitélio, yesterday and today
00:03:30we brought here on the connection the impacts that come
00:03:33directly from an economic point of view with the increase in oil prices, right? I think
00:03:37for those at home to better understand why we are now seeing this
00:03:41escalation of the conflict in the Middle East that led to
00:03:44these new, these new bombings, in short, to this
00:03:48increase in tension in the region?
00:03:51Well Jonathan, Iran
00:03:54in June began to attack
00:03:58oil tankers passing through the Strait of... Hormuz in June
00:04:01the Strait of Hormuz should theoretically have been open because
00:04:05there was a memorandum of understanding between the United States and
00:04:09Iran, that memorandum that foresaw that this war should be resolved
00:04:12in up to 60 days, the deadline was
00:04:15extendable, but the strait was open, including for Iranian
00:04:18vessels, but in June Iran attacked three
00:04:22oil tankers there and that's when the memorandum of understanding was
00:04:25violated, the Strait of Hormuz was closed again,
00:04:29including with... a naval blockade against Iranian vessels, what
00:04:33happens is that Iran is with a decentralized
00:04:36command, Moshitaba Kamenei
00:04:39hasn't appeared in public since he became
00:04:41Ayatollah, eh, the Revolutionary
00:04:45Guard has orders that were given before this
00:04:49war to make decisions
00:04:51in a decentralized manner precisely in case the United States
00:04:55attacks Iranian communications and these
00:04:58orders of... centralization cause the guard
00:05:02to make questionable decisions, such as attacking those three oil tankers in
00:05:05June. So what's happening now, the United
00:05:09States has been escorting vessels through the Strait of Hormuz. Iran
00:05:12began to attack
00:05:15US warships that were providing escorts, in
00:05:19response the United States began to attack Iranian
00:05:22oil tankers, so this
00:05:26is the scenario we have now, Iran attacks US warships
00:05:30and the United States sinks Iranian oil tankers.
00:05:33Iran also tried to target a US base
00:05:37in Jordan, launched 10 missiles, Jordan
00:05:40intercepted eight and two fell in
00:05:43uninhabited areas, so in the
00:05:46end this is a new escalation, at this moment, so
00:05:50the targets are Iranian oil tankers, US warships,
00:05:54Jonathan. Indeed, and the United States issued more than 30
00:05:57new sanctions related to Iran. The objective is to intensify
00:06:01economic pressure on Tehran. The US Treasury Department
00:06:05stated that the decision targets the aviation
00:06:08sector. The sanctions also affect shell
00:06:11companies, cargo operators, foreign
00:06:14intermediaries and transshipment routes that, according to
00:06:18Washington, Iran uses to obtain aircraft
00:06:21and sensitive technology of American origin.
00:06:24Some of the affected companies are from Turkey, United Arab
00:06:28Emirates, Malaysia and Kazakhstan. The decision
00:06:31also highlights that any foreign company or individual
00:06:34that assists Iranian airlines, through aircraft transfers,
00:06:38cargo services or sales agent
00:06:41support in general will face serious
00:06:45consequences. In addition to the sanctions, the United States also
00:06:48suspended overflight authorizations that allowed companies to operate
00:06:52commercial aircraft of American origin
00:06:55to Iran. Vitélio, yesterday we even reported here that
00:06:59the United Kingdom was also planning to impose
00:07:02sanctions against Iran.
00:07:05Does this actually work to end
00:07:09this war? That's
00:07:12an excellent question, because sanctions have been applied against Iran
00:07:16since 1979 the regime has not fallen, as we
00:07:20know, eh, Trump could have done
00:07:23this, right, these are secondary sanctions, now, these are countries
00:07:27that do business with Iran, so you mentioned some
00:07:30countries, Turkey, the United Arab Emirates,
00:07:33Malaysia, Kazakhstan, these countries
00:07:37collaborated with Iranian airlines, especially
00:07:40Mahan Air. eh, one of the main Iranian
00:07:44airlines for the acquisition of aircraft, especially
00:07:47aircraft from the United States, just look, Jonathan, a Boeing
00:07:51777 that this company was buying, so
00:07:55the United States began to apply sanctions to third
00:07:58countries, countries that trade with Iran, that buy oil
00:08:01from Iran. So far, China has not been
00:08:05directly affected. Some Chinese companies, some Chinese banks are
00:08:08even targets of sanctions, but not China as a
00:08:11whole. Eh. and this has been the strategy, to target
00:08:15companies, there are 36 companies at this moment that have been affected in this
00:08:18round of sanctions, now look, the United States
00:08:22could have imposed these secondary sanctions before this
00:08:25war, it could have been an instrument of negotiation with the central
00:08:29command of Ali Khamenei and Iran, but that's not what
00:08:32happened, the sanctions until then were not secondary, they were applied directly to the
00:08:36regime, eh, the United States has been escalating
00:08:40in this economic area because... in the military area they don't want
00:08:44to undertake a ground incursion into Iran which would be
00:08:47necessary to resolve much of this situation,
00:08:51including incapacitating Iran from targeting vessels in the Strait
00:08:55of Hormuz, but Trump doesn't want to do that, he promised during his campaign that he would not
00:08:59put the United States in another unwinnable war with
00:09:02soldiers on the ground, eh, he would not have
00:09:05Congress's support to do that either, Trump doesn't have Congress's support,
00:09:09he didn't get authorization for this war and only 31 percent
00:09:12of the US population supports the war at this moment, so there would be no
00:09:16political support for a military incursion
00:09:20in Iran at this moment, Jonathan. And Iran
00:09:23announced today details about a new navigation exclusion
00:09:27zone near the Strait of Hormuz. According to the Revolutionary
00:09:30Guard, the exact coordinates will be released in the coming
00:09:34days. However, authorities informed that the zone will
00:09:38cover areas beyond the route. The Revolutionary
00:09:41Guard's statement points out that the area
00:09:44starts approximately in the direction of Chahbahar, covering
00:09:48part of the Oman Sea and another part of the Arabian Sea.
00:09:51According to authorities, any vessel entering the
00:09:55route without authorization will be subject to Iranian
00:09:59sanctions, right? How will
00:10:02this exclusion zone actually work? What is Iran's objective
00:10:05behind this? Vitélio?
00:10:09How it will work, nobody knows,
00:10:12vessels transiting through there would enter Iran's
00:10:16list, Iran does not have the capacity to target
00:10:20vessels there, the US anti-aircraft defense, there are US
00:10:23warships in the region that would intercept
00:10:27cruise missiles, for example, perhaps Iran could target
00:10:30some with drones that are harder to shoot down when launched in
00:10:34swarms, eh, anyway, why
00:10:37right, this is a response, Iran
00:10:41has already declared that it is a response to the naval blockade that the United
00:10:44States imposes on Iranian vessels.
00:10:48Now, this exclusion zone that Iran wants to
00:10:51block is not part of Iranian territory. It does not
00:10:56Hormuz, we are talking about the Sea of Oman, we are talking about the
00:11:00Arabian Sea, so it is already
00:11:02within the jurisdiction of the
00:11:06sovereignty of other nations, Iran is attacking,
00:11:09therefore, these regions, these
00:11:13nations, especially where there are US
00:11:16bases, and now threatens navigation in these
00:11:19countries, how it will be done in practice, what Iran
00:11:23will do, these vessels that... navigate we don't know because Iran also didn't
00:11:27make it very clear and also wouldn't have the
00:11:30immediate military capacity to target these
00:11:33vessels that are being protected by the United States,
00:11:36Jonathan. And another piece of news now is that the South Korean president, the French
00:11:40president, met yesterday in Paris and discussed cooperation on
00:11:44security in the Strait of Hormuz. According to Lee
00:11:47Jae-myung, South Korea and France agreed to maintain
00:11:51close coordination so that freedom of navigation,
00:11:55the stability of global supply chains can be
00:11:59quickly restored. The National Security Advisor of South
00:12:02Korea informed that the discussions focused on how
00:12:04the CU can contribute to international maritime security efforts,
00:12:08without sending troops. The Strait of
00:12:11Hormuz is a crucial energy transit route for
00:12:14South Korea, which depended on the route for
00:12:1861% of its crude
00:12:21oil imports last year and it's
00:12:25interesting to analyze, Vitélio, how despite the conflict being directly
00:12:28related between Iran and the United States, the
00:12:32impact, especially economic, falls on
00:12:36practically the whole world.
00:12:38It falls
00:12:41on the whole world, this conversation between South Korea
00:12:44and France is still initial, it's
00:12:48a reconnaissance, they haven't promised anything, they made that clear
00:12:51even in the official announcement, it's
00:12:55a reconnaissance, no country wants to send troops to that region,
00:12:58the United States itself doesn't put troops on the ground and when
00:13:02they attack Iran they try to attack from a distance with
00:13:06cruise missiles or ballistic missiles or
00:13:09drones, when the United States overflew, Iran
00:13:13launched gravity bombs, a US fighter
00:13:16jet was targeted, so Trump tries not
00:13:20to put his pilots in danger at this
00:13:23moment, neither the United States puts soldiers
00:13:26there, nor would France
00:13:29or South Korea, but they seek ways to
00:13:33collaborate with the United States,
00:13:36by making a gesture to Trump, who has been demanding this support from his
00:13:39allies. In any case, we don't
00:13:43yet know what this help would entail, but we do know
00:13:46that there is indeed a dependency, especially from Asian
00:13:49countries, on the oil from Hormuz that
00:13:53passes through Hormuz. China, for example, a major importer of
00:13:57Iranian oil, 80, 90% of Iranian oil
00:14:00used to go to China, eh,
00:14:04European countries need natural gas
00:14:07from Qatar, because they largely cut
00:14:11Russian supply which has been reduced by around
00:14:1590% at this moment for European countries, but Qatar
00:14:18has become a major natural gas supplier, what is
00:14:21being done, this gas would also pass through the Strait of... So
00:14:25France also has an interest, the United Kingdom
00:14:28and other countries too, but
00:14:31until this moment, right, no troops
00:14:34have been sent to the region, no mine-sweeping ships, nor
00:14:38additional military support to the United States for this to
00:14:42happen, Trump would need to change his stance, for example, regarding Ukraine, so
00:14:45he would make a gesture to the Europeans for them to
00:14:49reciprocate by
00:14:52helping in Hormuz, Jonathan. Now. "we know
00:14:55of course the complexity that it's not possible overnight to
00:14:59simply stop depending on oil and start using another
00:15:03energy source, right, that requires planning, but a
00:15:06conflict like this will certainly serve as a warning for
00:15:10many countries to rethink their strategies
00:15:13and this is one point, right, not to be so dependent on oil, because in a
00:15:17situation like this, see how the situation worsens, right, so many
00:15:21impacted countries, economies that this year will certainly
00:15:25suffer the impacts of this, so it's time to really
00:15:28review if we can't think of other energy sources that don't
00:15:31exclusively depend on oil,
00:15:34which has existed since the world began and we... depend on it
00:15:38and
00:15:40there are two sides to this issue, right, it's a very interesting
00:15:43provocation, and there is indeed the issue of changing
00:15:47the energy matrix which is part of the Paris climate
00:15:50change agreement,
00:15:53eh, but there's another side, right, when the supply of natural
00:15:57gas is greatly reduced, for example, which is used in
00:16:00Europe for heating
00:16:03homes, eh, countries
00:16:06use alternative sources and even more polluting
00:16:10than oil itself, such as coal, for example, burning
00:16:13coal, so eh,
00:16:16it would be, if humanity were more
00:16:19rational, it would be a moment to rethink exactly as
00:16:23you propose the issue of energy matrices, what the
00:16:27Gulf countries, however, do, they are dependent on the sale of oil and
00:16:31gas, right, they seek other routes
00:16:34to export their production, so countries that have...
00:16:38large deposits of
00:16:41oil, they want to continue selling this
00:16:44oil, because the economy depends on it, Saudi Arabia, for
00:16:48example, built an oil pipeline, the East-West pipeline,
00:16:51in its territory, which transports much of the production to the
00:16:55Red Sea, eh, and from there it can pass
00:16:58through the Suez Canal, for example, heading to Europe,
00:17:02but there is no solution for natural gas and what is being done at this moment
00:17:06would have to be adapted. Eh,
00:17:09channeled networks in Saudi Arabia, there is an
00:17:12intention of the countries in the region to support this type of
00:17:15project, right, from Qatar, from the United Arab Emirates, for example, to
00:17:19support oil pipelines and
00:17:22the territory of Saudi Arabia, but
00:17:25look, these countries are interested in continuing to sell oil and
00:17:29on the other hand, we have in the United States Trump who had
00:17:33as one of his campaign slogans "drill baby
00:17:36drill" right. continue drilling, right, in a literal
00:17:39translation, so the United States is currently
00:17:43the largest oil producer in the world from
00:17:45shale, and there are countries like Russia, for example, that depend
00:17:49heavily on oil and gas exports, which have fallen sharply due to
00:17:53the war, but also have no interest in changing
00:17:57their energy matrix, ironically the one who buys a lot of oil
00:18:01and is being harmed and invests a lot in
00:18:04electrification is China, Jonathan, and China
00:18:07in Europe is accused of subsidizing its
00:18:11vehicles, right, of making the government inject
00:18:15money into factories so they become cheaper and so there is
00:18:18an attempt to ban or set quotas
00:18:21for these vehicles within Europe because it would end up harming
00:18:25traditional car manufacturers in Germany, in Italy, in France and in other
00:18:28countries. It's a very complex discussion,
00:18:32eh, it makes us think about the energy matrix, but in
00:18:35desperation, at a time when winter arrives,
00:18:38eh, it pushes many countries to burn even more polluting
00:18:41matrices like coal, John, exactly, a really
00:18:45quite complex topic. Now let's talk about the situation in Europe, presidents
00:18:49Vladimir Putin and Donald Trump spoke by phone yesterday,
00:18:52according to the Kremlin, the leaders expressed a desire for a quick end to the war
00:18:56in Ukraine, allowing the full restoration of relations
00:19:00between the United States and Russia. The call lasted an hour
00:19:03and happened after the visit of American envoys to Moscow at the
00:19:07weekend, the representatives tried to reactivate,
00:19:11actually, they are trying to reactivate negotiations for an end to the conflict
00:19:14and the Kremlin said it expects US-mediated
00:19:18talks to resume soon. The last round of
00:19:21negotiations was held in February. However, according to
00:19:24sources close to the Kremlin, Putin remains
00:19:27determined to take full control of
00:19:31the rest of the Donetsk region, which Kyiv promised to continue to
00:19:35fight with all weapons at its
00:19:37disposal, that thing, right, Vitélio, in
00:19:40rhetoric, one thing and in practice it ends up being very
00:19:44different, we have witnessed this many
00:19:47times. Yes, Trump tries to signal to
00:19:51Russia about economic advantages that the United States
00:19:54and Russia would benefit from the resumption of
00:19:57trade. But that didn't work when Trump
00:20:00took office, it won't work now. If
00:20:03Putin had been concerned about Russia's economy,
00:20:07he wouldn't have started this war, the issue is
00:20:10another, it's a matter of projecting power, a
00:20:13matter of annexing territories of
00:20:17another country, of expanding the Russian
00:20:20border, of interfering with European
00:20:23security, so Trump sent Steve Witkoff who
00:20:26is a real estate merchant and not a
00:20:30diplomat, not a career civil servant and Jared
00:20:33Kushner who is Trump's son-in-law, neither of them have any
00:20:37experience in diplomacy, negotiation, they
00:20:40went eight, nine times to Russia to meet with Putin and
00:20:44now they went once to meet with Zelensky,
00:20:46no one has any illusion
00:20:50about the progress of these negotiations, especially since
00:20:53the Ukrainians have a full understanding of what Putin
00:20:57wants, if Putin were to stop, he would have stopped in 2014 in
00:21:00Crimea, he didn't stop in Crimea because he wants to annex all of
00:21:04Ukraine, as Putin himself has made clear in the articles he published
00:21:08on the Kremlin website, that he does not recognize Ukraine as a sovereign
00:21:11state, there is no doubt that if
00:21:15there is a possibility for the Russians to establish themselves in Donetsk,
00:21:19Luhansk in Donbas,
00:21:21this will serve as a bridgehead for a new invasion in
00:21:25the future, so no one here is naive, the Russians
00:21:28only want time to rearm and continue the
00:21:31offensive against Ukraine, as they did with Chechnya, after the first
00:21:35war between 1994 and 96,
00:21:38they returned with full force in 99, the second
00:21:42Russo-Chechen war lasted until 2009, massacred
00:21:47territory, so
00:21:50a matter of
00:21:53offering economic advantages to
00:21:56Putin, none of that will convince him, what Putin understands is the language
00:22:00of force? Jonathan. And Germany
00:22:03announced the sending of more air defense missiles to Ukraine, according to the
00:22:07defense minister, Patriot missiles are currently the only
00:22:10effective defense against Russian ballistic missile attacks in Ukraine.
00:22:14Authorities warned that Russia will likely intensify
00:22:17its air campaign against Ukrainian
00:22:20infrastructure with the arrival of winter. The minister did not
00:22:23give details on how many missiles Germany will provide,
00:22:27but stressed that Berlin will continue to provide drones and
00:22:31long-range ammunition to Kyiv. The NATO
00:22:34Secretary-General also pressured allies to increase support,
00:22:38stating that civilian casualties from the war are at their highest
00:22:42level since May 2022.
00:22:44This support from European countries is essential for Ukraine to have
00:22:48come this far, Vitélio,
00:22:50alone it would have been defeated a long
00:22:53time ago, it's
00:22:56essential, but Europe helps Ukraine,
00:23:00because in Europe there is an awareness that this war is not
00:23:03only against Ukraine, it is against all of Europe,
00:23:07Germany is doing this
00:23:09because it feels attacked by Russia, there was a recent
00:23:13attack on a German airport
00:23:16with a Russian drone. The
00:23:20investigations identified that
00:23:22it was a Russian drone, there is sabotage, cyber
00:23:26operations, cutting of maritime internet
00:23:30cables, so all of this is a Russian campaign
00:23:34against Europe, what Germany is doing is providing more Patriot
00:23:37missiles, France is trying to take over part of Ukraine's
00:23:41anti-aircraft defense, delivering other
00:23:44air defense systems, because
00:23:46the Patriot missiles are running low on
00:23:50stock, the United States used many of them
00:23:53against Iran to protect themselves from Iranian
00:23:56counterattacks, now the whole issue is
00:24:00that we are back to the initial point There is a
00:24:03mobilization in Europe right now, a European rearmament,
00:24:07the biggest arms race since World
00:24:10War II, because Europeans
00:24:14know their neighbors and they know
00:24:18that Putin's war will not only end in Ukraine,
00:24:22the other Baltic countries, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania have
00:24:25concerns as well, Germany itself, so what
00:24:29we are seeing is
00:24:32the prelude to a war that could be much
00:24:35bigger. There has already
00:24:38been a breakdown of some
00:24:42diplomatic ties, the closing of German consulates
00:24:45in Russia,
00:24:48eh, this... is the beginning of what could
00:24:52become the breakdown of diplomatic relations and
00:24:55could end up escalating to a point that
00:24:58will lead us once again to a bigger war, humanity does not
00:25:02learn from its mistakes, Jonathan, and is
00:25:05doomed to repeat them, Jonathan. Unfortunately,
00:25:08right? And the Russian Foreign Ministry announced the closure of
00:25:12the German Consulate in Saint Petersburg. Activities are to be
00:25:16terminated by September 18. In a statement, the ministry
00:25:19states that... it was the German authorities who once
00:25:22again provoked an escalation in bilateral
00:25:25relations. The ministry also added that Berlin takes
00:25:29full and complete responsibility for the
00:25:32consequences. Moscow ordered the closure of
00:25:35all branches of a center that promotes German
00:25:39language and culture, with staff having to leave the country by the
00:25:4213th. The measure is a direct response to
00:25:46Germany's similar decision to close the Russian
00:25:50consulate in Bonn and a Russian cultural center in Berlin. Moscow
00:25:54classified the action as hostile. Well, I think
00:25:58by itself we understand that the relationship between Germany and Russia is not the best,
00:26:02right, Vit? It's interesting that this
00:26:05news connects to what we were talking about
00:26:08earlier, right, the two countries have been progressively cutting
00:26:12diplomatic ties, the consulates are not yet the
00:26:16embassies, the moment the embassy closes, it's a breakdown of
00:26:19diplomatic relations. Germany
00:26:22started doing this after there was a
00:26:25Russian drone attack on Leipzig
00:26:28airport. Russia
00:26:32has been... attacking without making it very clear, that's
00:26:36the point, Russia tries to create confusion within
00:26:38Europe with attacks that can be denied, that
00:26:42create doubts, was it really an attack, was
00:26:46it intentional, didn't the drone just fall there by
00:26:49accident, this
00:26:51weakens
00:26:53the fabric that unites NATO countries,
00:26:57so
00:27:00a NATO member by Article 5 of the NATO Statute is an attack
00:27:04on all, but when this attack is not clear, when a
00:27:07drone falls in some isolated place, as it has fallen several times
00:27:11in Poland, which is also a NATO member,
00:27:15eh, when it cannot be proven that there was
00:27:17intent for that act, it's still an attack, then
00:27:21Article 4 of NATO is triggered, which is the article for deliberation
00:27:25on what member countries should do, what Russia
00:27:28is trying to do then is to divide NATO countries, is to divide the United
00:27:32States from European countries, the European countries closer
00:27:36to the West, to the Western
00:27:39Hemisphere, from those closer to Eastern
00:27:42Europe, eh, the governments of the countries and their
00:27:46populations, this would be a strategic
00:27:50advantage for Putin if he could isolate
00:27:53countries that could not defend themselves without the help of
00:27:57others, so again, the Baltic countries, Estonia, Latvia,
00:28:00Lithuania, if he could... make this division
00:28:04within NATO, he would have a strategic advantage, for now,
00:28:08Germany is responding, Russia is
00:28:11retaliating and this is still in the diplomatic sphere, the
00:28:14supply of weapons from Germany to Ukraine is for
00:28:18Ukraine's use against Russia, but no
00:28:21direct confrontation between Germany and Russia has happened until
00:28:25now, Jonathan. Now, the last news to
00:28:28close our round-up is that the United States intensified the trade dispute with...
00:28:32with Canada, prohibiting the import of a wide
00:28:35range of Canadian products. As of
00:28:39September 29, alcoholic beverages, dairy products, and
00:28:42motorcycles will be affected by the ban. In addition, a
00:28:46set of decrees imposes new taxes on other
00:28:49products. Several types of cheeses, paper products,
00:28:53aluminum, wood, furniture, and lighting are subject to
00:28:57a 50% tariff. The retaliation was announced after
00:29:00Canada applied new... overtaxes on American
00:29:03imports in response to the tariffs adopted by
00:29:07Washington since August
00:29:1022, we have in this situation two neighboring
00:29:13countries really dueling, right, then we have
00:29:17to remember that it all started with the United States in the western hemisphere with Donald
00:29:20Trump's provocations.
00:29:23Well, Trump started by electing Mark Kirney, right, who was
00:29:2620 points behind in the polls, who replaced
00:29:30Trudeau. Eh, eh, but he, Trump
00:29:33was so incisive in criticizing Canada that he ended up electing
00:29:37an opponent who is Mark Carney. For Brazil, it is
00:29:41very important to observe this dispute, because
00:29:44Brazil has the law of reciprocity, which it threatens to use against the United
00:29:48States. And this escalation in these two countries that are
00:29:52neighbors and that depend on each other, eh, it
00:29:55can be very elucidating for our country. The
00:29:59response from Canada has made Trump double
00:30:03the tariffs every time, eh,
00:30:06evidently this is not good for the United States, for the diplomacy of the
00:30:09United States, for the trade of the United States, not even for
00:30:12security, because the United States would like to install
00:30:15part of its new air defense, the golden
00:30:18dome in Canadian territory as well,
00:30:22eh, but this is what Trump has been doing, he
00:30:25is not making America great this way, but rather a smaller
00:30:29America, fighting with its main neighbor who is... now looking for
00:30:33alternatives with the European Union and has been increasing
00:30:36negotiations with China, that is, Trump's strategy,
00:30:39besides everything, has the opposite effect, it does not bring Canada closer,
00:30:43it does not create empathy with the Canadian population who
00:30:47have been boycotting American products on their own
00:30:50and offends the head of government of Canada, Prime Minister Mark
00:30:54Carney, whom Trump calls governor, so he does
00:30:57not even treat him with due respect.