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00:00:46Hello, I'm Andres Openheimer, I invite you to watch our shows on the YouTube channel
00:00:50Openheimer presents after it airs on
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00:01:09To understand the world you need to seek the truth,
00:01:12let's go back to the time when we had to be much more
00:01:16human, that's why we follow the facts wherever they
00:01:19lead us, no matter how far we have to
00:01:22go from the internal story, there are new
00:01:25statements from President Donald Trump, I make an external
00:01:29perspective. We delve into the data, ready for what
00:01:33comes next. The concern is for the common Cuban.
00:01:36We face the world. Who will
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00:01:57truth and understanding of the world.
00:02:06I am Mexican-British, I have been practicing
00:02:10journalism in Mexico City, in the United States and now in Miami for
00:02:14CNN. CNN
00:02:18América is a multi-platform program where you will
00:02:21find information from all fields that will allow
00:02:25you to understand the world from the angle you are seeing it from. In
00:02:29these three. not only will you have information from a
00:02:32political and economic point of view, but also
00:02:35health, from a women's perspective, but above all it is a
00:02:39space where we can have conversations not to
00:02:42polarize, but to integrate society.
00:02:45sociedad,
00:02:47What excites me most is informing, inquiring,
00:02:51investigating the why of things, going to the bottom of
00:02:54the facts. Here you will see what makes news and everything that
00:02:57impacts your day to
00:03:00specifically because because of day. CNN América with Rebecca Kelly, Monday to Friday on
00:03:03CNN.
00:03:11Thank you for staying with us. The great
00:03:14dream of Latin American integration is over.
00:03:16I'm not saying this because of the recent diplomatic clashes between Argentina and Brazil
00:03:20or between Mexico and
00:03:22Ecuador. I'm saying this because a new study by ECLAC, the Economic
00:03:26Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean of the United Nations,
00:03:30has just said publicly what many of us had been
00:03:33secretly suspecting: that
00:03:36despite many presidential
00:03:39summits and grand speeches predicting
00:03:42greater integration in Latin America, the region, instead of
00:03:46advancing in regional integration, is
00:03:50going backward. According to the study, interregional
00:03:54trade in Latin America, that is, trade between
00:03:58Latin American countries, fell from 21%
00:04:02of the region's total trade in
00:04:042008 to 14% in
00:04:082024. That is, only an average
00:04:12of 14% of the goods exported by Latin
00:04:15American countries go to other Latin American
00:04:19countries. Almost nothing. It is one of the lowest rates in the
00:04:22world, says the study. Comparatively, in
00:04:25Europe, the average trade between European
00:04:29countries is more than
00:04:3060%.
00:04:33Latin American countries are increasingly dependent on their
00:04:36sales, their exports to the United States and China,
00:04:40and less and less on sales to their neighbors.
00:04:44And that's not good, says the study,
00:04:47because interregional trade helps
00:04:51to boost the economy because it represents
00:04:55an enormous market. That is, the
00:04:58study says that Latin America is a market of more than
00:05:01660 million people with a combined
00:05:05gross product of 6.8 trillion
00:05:08dollars. And why waste
00:05:11that? And at the same time, it's good to
00:05:14diversify export markets, says the study, not
00:05:18to depend solely on the United States or solely on China, in order
00:05:22to be less vulnerable to external shocks, as is currently happening
00:05:25to Mexico, for example, with President Trump's tariffs
00:05:29or with President Trump's threats not
00:05:32to renew trade agreements. What
00:05:36to do then? Well, the interesting thing about this
00:05:39new ECLAC study co-chaired
00:05:41by the former leftist president of Chile, Michelle Bachelet,
00:05:45and the former right-wing president of Colombia, Iván
00:05:48Duque, is that it says, more or less,
00:05:51that grand presidential
00:05:55summits have not served much purpose and that it is
00:05:58time to form flexible coalitions to
00:06:02achieve concrete agreements in specific areas. In other
00:06:05words, fewer grandiloquent speeches about the great
00:06:09homeland and all that, and more secret agreements
00:06:12that facilitate exporting
00:06:15screws or chickens or televisions or whatever to
00:06:19neighboring countries. I always remember what a Guatemalan
00:06:22businessman once told me,
00:06:25that there was so much paperwork in
00:06:29Central America to export from one country to another that he found it
00:06:32easier to export chicken meat from
00:06:35Guatemala to China than from Guatemala to El
00:06:37Salvador.
00:06:40A few years ago I wrote a book
00:06:43called The United States of Latin
00:06:47America. There I said that Latin America always tried to do
00:06:50integration in reverse, from top down, with
00:06:54presidents meeting, grand summits, grand final
00:06:57declarations, grand, super ambitious agreements, and then
00:07:01leaving the concrete details for the future. In
00:07:04Europe, they did exactly the
00:07:06opposite. What is today the European Union, the
00:07:1027 countries of the European Union,
00:07:12was born in 1951 as a treaty covering two
00:07:16products, coal and steel,
00:07:19and then over the years they kept adding more and more
00:07:22products, until after many decades creating a
00:07:26common European market, that is,
00:07:29they built integration from the bottom
00:07:32up. In Latin America we started with
00:07:36poetry and left the concrete things for later, and that
00:07:40later never comes. It's good that
00:07:43after so many years this new ECLAC document
00:07:47proposes fewer ambitious speeches and more
00:07:50concrete and "boring" agreements, as the
00:07:54executive secretary of ECLAC calls them. Yes, agreements on screws, on chicken,
00:07:58on cars or whatever, because this data on the
00:08:01fall of interregional trade to 14%
00:08:04of total trade should be a wake-up call for
00:08:08all countries, because it is obvious that we must
00:08:11into the global economy, it is obvious that we must export to
00:08:15the United States and China, we must not stop
00:08:18doing that, but we must not lose sight of this enormous Latin American
00:08:22market of more than 660
00:08:26million people. Well, we've run out of time for
00:08:30today. I invite you, as always, to watch our shows on my
00:08:33YouTube channel, Openheimer presents, after it airs on
00:08:36CNN, and to follow me on all my social networks, on X, on
00:08:40Instagram, Facebook, and all the rest.
00:08:43Thank you, until next
00:08:44week.
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