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00:00:00on landscape. Teles, know the political and social
00:00:19Well, the use of
00:00:31Since Donald Trump's return to the seems to sign with a pencil what White House, the United States has
00:00:34turned tariffs into a political pressure instrument,
00:00:38a weapon. Measures against Mexico, Canada, China
00:00:42and Brazil have opened a new stage of commercial tensions in the
00:00:46continent. Canada responded eye for an eye and tooth for a tooth with tariffs
00:00:50on hundreds of American products, while
00:00:53Mexico has come under pressure to strengthen
00:00:56its border control and avoid new penalties.
00:01:00Brazil, for its part, accelerates its financial ties
00:01:03with China and the BRICS in defense of its own mechanisms
00:01:06such as PIX, which is a new instant payment ecosystem
00:01:10and against the dollar's dominance, but this
00:01:13tariff war also
00:01:16hits the United States, the costs end up in the pockets of its
00:01:19consumers, affect supply chains and expose
00:01:23the agricultural sector to trade
00:01:25reprisals. More than trade, the dispute reveals a
00:01:29battle for political and financial control of the region amidst
00:01:32the advance of China, the BRICS and the search for
00:01:36alternatives to the system dominated by
00:01:38Washington, the U.S. tariff war,
00:02:12stability and tax exemptions On Saturday, August 22, the bilateral relationship between Washington and
00:02:14Ottawa suffered a critical fracture after the failure of
00:02:18high-level negotiations held in the U.S.
00:02:21capital. On that day, extraordinary
00:02:24tariffs of 50% imposed by
00:02:28Donald Trump on Canadian exports worth about $20
00:02:32billion, equivalent to 5.5% of its
00:02:35shipments to U.S. territory, came into force.
00:02:39Faced with the breakdown of dialogue, Canadian Prime Minister
00:02:43Markney ordered the immediate withdrawal of his delegates in
00:02:46Washington and formally described the White House's
00:02:49maneuver as an unviable and unfair trade war
00:02:53under
00:02:54the USMCA rules.
00:03:00others. with cheaper consistently to long-term partnerships, while
00:03:03the United States has often sought short-term
00:03:06transactions, the gap between partners and competitors, unfortunately, has
00:03:10remained too wide in recent days, that's why last night I
00:03:14instructed our negotiators to return to Ottawa, we cannot
00:03:17accept what they have offered and we will not give what they have
00:03:20asked for.
00:03:26The Prime Minister also indicated in a post on his social
00:03:29network that Canada will match the new U.S.
00:03:32tariffs dollar for dollar, in addition we are implementing
00:03:36new and improved measures worth $7.5
00:03:40billion to support Canadian
00:03:44workers and businesses, this is in addition to the almost $25
00:03:47billion in aid
00:03:49also what implemented since the imposition of unjustified U.S. tariffs
00:03:53defending Canadian jobs, industries and
00:03:56families. On
00:04:00the... ization of Tuesday, September 8, a package of tariff retaliations designed to
00:04:04respond dollar for dollar went into effect, taxing more than 700
00:04:08U.S. products, valued
00:04:10daily events that between $20,000 and $27 billion, with direct
00:04:13impacts on strategic industries such as dairy, steel,
00:04:17paper, agricultural machinery
00:04:20recompose and electronics. The impact of this tariff clash was immediately
00:04:22passed on to consumers and businesses. In the United
00:04:26States, a gallon of gasoline exceeded $4.15,
00:04:30and analysts project an additional cost of more than
00:04:32$100 annually per household, while Trump
00:04:36intensified his pressure threatening to veto Canadian
00:04:39aircraft manufacturer Bombardier, if it does not move
00:04:43its plants to U.S. soil.
00:04:46Unfortunately, the government of Donald Trump has
00:04:50tries to impose its agenda in accustomed us to this type of practice, the
00:04:53threat, the coercion, the
00:04:56blackmail, and in this case it is very evident.
00:05:00the use of tariffs as
00:05:04a tool for blackmail, even against those who are
00:05:07important partners, important trade partners
00:05:11of the United States itself. Unfortunately, Trump
00:05:15has not shown logics of respect
00:05:18for legality nor for the
00:05:22basis of what international relations are,
00:05:26we have seen it in several aspects, this not only economically, but
00:05:29economically it is also reflected in this specific
00:05:32case with uh as the
00:05:36Prime Minister of Canada said, the United States
00:05:41it has agreed to, meaning
00:05:45that the signature is erased later and that it does not respect
00:05:48even what they themselves have agreed to. Beyond
00:05:51the clash with Canada, Washington's
00:05:55tariff offensive seeks to turn trade
00:05:58into a mechanism of geopolitical pressure. In a
00:06:02region where trade between Mexico, Canada and the United
00:06:06States exceeds a trillion dollars annually, the White House not
00:06:10only discusses tariffs, it pressures
00:06:13to condition sovereign decisions,
00:06:16tighten immigration control and stop the advance of China and the
00:06:19BRICS. The regional response oscillates between negotiation,
00:06:23border reinforcement and diplomatic confrontation.
00:06:27On Sunday, February 2,
00:06:312025, Donald Trump signed executive
00:06:34orders in the Oval Office in Washington invoking the International
00:06:38Emergency Economic Powers Act, setting punitive tariffs of
00:06:41between 10 and 25% against its
00:06:44partners in the Americas to extract immediate
00:06:48political concessions. In North America, the Mexican
00:06:51government, headed by President Claudia Sheinbaum in
00:06:54Mexico City, resorted to diplomatic containment to
00:06:58protect its industrial integration. The
00:07:01government of the United States,
00:07:04after a 30-day pause, unilaterally
00:07:08decided to impose 25%.
00:07:11despite the trade agreement signed by President
00:07:15Trump himself in his first term,
00:07:19I want to make it clear today that
00:07:22we will always seek a negotiated
00:07:25solution, as we have proposed
00:07:29within the framework of respect for our sovereignties,
00:07:33but the unilateral decision that the United
00:07:37States makes
00:07:40affects national and foreign
00:07:43companies operating in our country and affects
00:07:47our people. Therefore, we have decided
00:07:51to respond with tariff and non-tariff
00:07:54measures. After emergency bilateral calls in
00:07:57February 2025, Mexico deployed
00:08:0010,000 National Guard troops on its northern and southern
00:08:04borders to curb migration and intercept
00:08:07fentanyl chemical precursors, managing to pause
00:08:11the 25% tariffs ahead of
00:08:14the USMCA renegotiation. In South America, Brazilian
00:08:18President Luis Ignacio Lula da Silva directly confronted the
00:08:21onslaught in Brasilia on Tuesday, April 15,
00:08:242025, after the Office of the U.S. Trade
00:08:28Representative opened investigations against the national
00:08:31digital payment system (PIX) and imposed
00:08:34steel tariffs. Brazil responded by passing a trade
00:08:38reciprocity law and reorienting record exports of
00:08:41soybeans, meat and coffee to the Chinese market and
00:08:45the BRICS group alliance, Brazil, Russia,
00:08:48India, China and South Africa. We want, uh,
00:08:52emperor, we are sovereign
00:08:55countries.
00:08:58Ah, if he thinks he can tax, countries
00:09:01have the right to tax too.
00:09:04There is a law of reciprocity.
00:09:07The United States has become a country, uh, that we could
00:09:11say has a failed state at an international
00:09:15level, because one never knows
00:09:18how the United States will act in that
00:09:21framework, we know that from the White
00:09:25House the interests of the power groups of the United
00:09:28States will be projected, but without any
00:09:31rules, without respecting signed trade agreements,
00:09:35without respecting historical agreements with
00:09:38partners, uh, who are not commercial
00:09:41partners but political partners with NATO partners,
00:09:45without respecting international agreements
00:09:48which the United States itself has adhered to, without respecting
00:09:52the laws and norms of the United
00:09:55Nations, so it has become a
00:09:58state uh that really
00:10:01destabilizes everything that is international
00:10:04legality and legal legality and the
00:10:08possibility of projecting something long-term
00:10:10with uh as partners of that
00:10:14country. The figures debunk the discourse: the
00:10:18tariff war not only punishes U.S. partners, it also
00:10:22hits its own economy. With tariffs reaching
00:10:25up to 25 and 50%, Washington jeopardizes
00:10:28a deeply integrated production chain.
00:10:32A large part of imported oil comes from Canada, and in the automotive
00:10:35industry, parts such as engines and transmissions cross borders several
00:10:39times before final assembly, so
00:10:43each new tax increases production costs,
00:10:46alters logistics, and weakens the North American bloc, and when
00:10:50Washington imposes tariffs on its partners, it also
00:10:53charges its own.
00:12:33an unusual thunder that day in La
00:12:37Guaira, unfortunately at 6:04 in the
00:12:40afternoon, we were surprised by nature and
00:12:4439 minutes were enough to change our lives.
00:12:47Interviewed by Paola Pérez,
00:12:51premiere, Saturday, only on Telesur.
00:13:26The White House promises that tariffs will punish
00:13:29its competitors and bring jobs back to the United States, that's the
00:13:33promise, but the truth is that the bill is not paid by foreign
00:13:37powers, it is paid by importers,
00:13:40companies and ultimately American families. The
00:13:44surcharges end up in the prices of food, consumer
00:13:47goods and domestic production. Meanwhile,
00:13:51the trade deficit exceeds a trillion
00:13:54dollars. Protectionism does not reactivate
00:13:57industry, it makes life more expensive and weakens production
00:13:59chains. The tariff that promised
00:14:02jobs, ends up being paid out of the pockets of
00:14:11second term formally began on Saturday, February 1,
00:14:152025, in Washington, when the tycoon invoked extraordinary
00:14:19national security powers to tax continental
00:14:22trade. Against the discourse,
00:14:25which presents tariffs as a direct charge to foreign
00:14:29countries, U.S. customs regulations stipulate that the tariff is settled
00:14:32by the U.S. importer at the border,
00:14:35unleashing an inflationary effect on processed
00:14:38foods, clothing and technology.
00:14:42In a few minutes I am going to issue a historic
00:14:45executive order that
00:14:48institutes reciprocal tariffs on countries
00:14:51around the world, meaning if they do it to us, we do it to
00:14:55them,
00:15:02this is one of the most important days in my
00:15:05opinion in American history and it is the
00:15:08declaration of economic independence, for
00:15:12years, I have worked with American citizens who were forced
00:15:16to sit by, while other nations enriched
00:15:20themselves at our expense, but today is our
00:15:22turn to prosper and... with
00:15:26trillions and trillions of dollars reducing our taxes
00:15:30and paying our national debt and it will all happen very quickly with
00:15:33today's actions we will finally be able to make
00:15:37America great again, greater than ever
00:15:40before. In the manufacturing industry,
00:15:44the application of these tariffs since February 2025,
00:15:47fractured integrated assembly in North America, because these
00:15:51engine parts, cables and transmissions cross borders up to
00:15:55eight times between Mexico, the United States and
00:15:58Canada, before an automobile is finished. The customs
00:16:02tariff increased the final cost per vehicle by
00:16:05$3,000 to $6, reducing activity at
00:16:09Detroit plants compared to the Asian industry.
00:16:12Well, there is a logic that had been
00:16:15built and that had to do with
00:16:18companies being able to place the
00:16:22manufacturing of different, different parts, but above
00:16:25all of the automotive industry,
00:16:28located, some in Mexico, others in
00:16:32the United States, others in Canada. The
00:16:35fact that a product starts manufacturing in the United
00:16:39States, goes to Mexico, finishes, advances in its
00:16:43process, returns to the United States, returns
00:16:46to generate another part of that process to then go to
00:16:49Canada, finish that assembly and return to
00:16:53the United States means that it crosses the border between
00:16:56those countries several times, uh, the tariffs
00:17:00imposed by Trump meant
00:17:02that, uh, every time a product crossed
00:17:06that border it had to pay a
00:17:09tax and if it crossed back to the other side it had to pay
00:17:13tax again, so that has
00:17:16greatly harmed large industries, General Motors,
00:17:20Ford have shown drops
00:17:22in their income
00:17:26due to this high cost of
00:17:29tariffs, the U.S. agricultural sector
00:17:33absorbed the most severe blow due to retaliatory
00:17:37measures imposed by trade partners, the closure of
00:17:40markets for soybeans, corn and pork in
00:17:43China, Brazil and Canada forced the U.S. Department of Agriculture
00:17:47to disburse multi-million dollar federal subsidy packages
00:17:51financed by the public treasury to prevent the
00:17:54bankruptcy of farmers in the Midwest. Far from reactivating the
00:17:58U.S. industrial belt, the tariffs
00:18:01in force since early 2025 accelerated the
00:18:04flight of manufacturing investments to Southeast Asian economies
00:18:08such as Vietnam and India, while consolidating South-South
00:18:11trade between South America and Asia that leaves
00:18:15North American industry isolated from emerging
00:18:17markets.
00:18:20Trump sought to generate under
00:18:23pressure the reindustrialization
00:18:27of the United States, the North American
00:18:30industries, especially the automotive industry, but the
00:18:33different technologies had gone to look for
00:18:38labor and especially to go to
00:18:41China, no, that, there is the great
00:18:44competition of the United States and the great rivalry, its
00:18:48commercial war with China, in that
00:18:51case, uh, this this conflict what
00:18:55it did was uh try on the one hand
00:18:58to generate that China stops
00:19:01buying a large part of the soybean production
00:19:05from the United States, for which Trump had to give
00:19:09subsidies to the North American agricultural
00:19:13sectors to alleviate or
00:19:16compensate for the drop in
00:19:19exports in those products
00:19:22and and then
00:19:26happened was that the
00:19:29tariffs that he tried to impose for companies to
00:19:32return to the United States were not effective
00:19:37the North American industry, although some of those industries
00:19:41stopped being in China, they went to Mexico
00:19:45or they went to other places closer
00:19:49to the United States, but not to the United States itself and did
00:19:52not generate new American labor or
00:19:58uh the North American industry as was supposed
00:20:01or as Trump thought that those
00:20:04measures would impact, because it turns out that behind the
00:20:07tariffs there is a whole strategy of political pressure, the
00:20:11dependence of many Latin American economies on the U.S.
00:20:13market gives Washington a tool to
00:20:17condition sovereign decisions and while
00:20:21the countries attacked by Washington try to seek financial
00:20:24alternatives, the White House
00:20:28the region. It is not only trade, it is political
00:20:31pressure on Latin America. The use of
00:20:35tariffs and sanctions under the Trump administration consolidated a strategy
00:20:39of asymmetric pressure to erode the governability of
00:20:42progressive projects in the region. In Brazil, the
00:20:45siege on steel and the persecution of the Pix system seek to hit
00:20:49the administration
00:20:52of Luis Ignacio Lula da Silva and oxygenate the Bolsonaro current, a tactic that replicates the economic
00:20:55suffocation historically applied to Cuba, Venezuela and
00:20:59Nicaragua and that extended commercial pressures against Gustavo
00:21:03Petro's Colombia to undermine his electoral base in favor of sectors
00:21:06aligned with Washington.
00:21:09the tariff tool as
00:21:13part of the political interference of the United States, especially
00:21:17in Latin America, has been very, very
00:21:20blatant, very brazen on the part of Donald Trump, who has also
00:21:24had actions of interference in the electoral
00:21:27processes of the region beyond tariffs, there was
00:21:30interference in the legislative electoral process in Argentina,
00:21:34interference in the presidential
00:21:37electoral process in Honduras, interference in the
00:21:40presidential electoral process in Colombia
00:21:43also tries to have it in the case of Brazil and currently
00:21:47we clearly see how the tariffs
00:21:50that were imposed on Brazil with various
00:21:54excuses, in reality all they seek is to try to
00:21:58harm the Brazilian economy and try to harm the image
00:22:02of the current president Luis Inacio Lula Silva to
00:22:05favor a political ally which is
00:22:09Bolsonarism, the clan. In
00:22:12Mexico, the constant threat of massive tariffs of
00:22:1525%, operates as a blackmail mechanism over Claudia
00:22:18Sheinbaum's mandate. The White House conditions trade to force
00:22:22the retreat of sovereign energy policies and wear down
00:22:26popular support for the ruling party, seeking to open political
00:22:30space for the traditional conservative opposition that promotes
00:22:33unrestricted alignment with the dictates of the United States.
00:22:37The customs offensive also punishes any attempt at monetary
00:22:40autonomy against the dollar in the Southern Cone by penalizing
00:22:44nations that diversify their reserves or trade in local
00:22:48currencies. Washington tries to curb the influence of the BRICS and
00:22:51pressure electorates through financial
00:22:54anxiety, installing the narrative that only right-wing
00:22:58governments guarantee economic
00:23:02from the White House. Faced with the economic siege and electoral
00:23:05interference, the continent's sovereign blocs reinforce their
00:23:08multilateral alliances with China and emerging
00:23:11countries. The strategic response of the besieged
00:23:15administrations has been to consolidate South-South trade routes and
00:23:18protect their strategic sectors, transforming
00:23:22resistance to tariff suffocation into a direct
00:23:25defense of their political
00:23:26self-determination.
00:23:29Donald Trump's government seeks a
00:23:32neocolonial recomposition
00:23:35throughout the region, for this
00:23:38it tries to delegitimize sovereign
00:23:42processes, as is the case
00:23:45of Mexico, as is the case of Brazil,
00:23:48to attack popular
00:23:51processes, as was the whole system of
00:23:54threats and bombardment
00:23:58in Venezuela, the kidnapping of President Nicolás Maduro
00:24:02Flores, the threats against Nicaragua, the
00:24:06threats and the siege, which
00:24:10is increasingly brutal, with that blockade against
00:24:13Cuba, so it seeks
00:24:16to consolidate a process of
00:24:20neocolonial composition in which the United States is
00:24:24the center of the colony and the rest of the countries
00:24:28are peripheral countries that must respond to
00:24:31that to that economic project and in
00:24:35that sense the tariffs, the economic
00:24:38pressure, the threats, Marco
00:24:42Rubio's recent tour of the
00:24:44region, the document that the State Department
00:24:47issued pointing to the popular people of the
00:24:51region, uh, uh, as
00:24:53part of a system that seeks
00:24:56to destroy, uh, the Western way of life. Trump's
00:25:00tariffs did not break the countries of the
00:25:04region, on the contrary, they pushed them to seek
00:25:08new trade partners, new forms of financing,
00:25:11greater rapprochement with China and the BRICS. Economic
00:25:15pressure does not guarantee obedience, that is the
00:25:19lesson, and... commercial blackmail does not work,
00:25:22Washington imposes its logic, threatening, punishing and
00:25:25using its force to try to impose its interests. Trump
00:25:29did not manage to subdue the region, he managed for the region to seek
00:25:33how to defend itself from the United States, and in cases
00:25:37where force was imposed, diplomacy gained ground to
00:25:40be able to coexist with its