Google Speech-to-Text API Automatic Transcription (Chirp). Treat it as a searchable index of what was broadcast, not a quotation record.
00:00:00of
00:00:06of Iran
00:00:10says talks with Omana headed
00:00:12of in of the right direction for the opening of a temporary new route for ships
00:00:16of transiting the
00:00:17of straight of hormos. Hello and welcome to
00:00:20a TRT World live from Istanbul, I'm Yashni Padiachi. Also
00:00:24coming on up on the program, Russia
00:00:26of attacks Kief and a military warehouse in the
00:00:29of black sea. as the Serbian president voices support for
00:00:32Ukraine's territorial
00:00:34of integrity. UNICEF report says
00:00:37Palestinian children in Gaza have
00:00:39of born the brunt of
00:00:40of Israeli attacks with one child killed daily since the
00:00:44October cease
00:00:46of fire. And the risk for children in Sudan is
00:00:49of also rising. A UN report warns at least 8 million are
00:00:53suffering due to the civil
00:01:01of of war. of
00:01:08Iran
00:01:08of and Oman remain positive
00:01:10of on an outcome from their talks on the straight of hormoz. Oman has called
00:01:14the talks constructive, while Iran's top diplomats says they're headed
00:01:18in the right direction, but Iran's
00:01:21of revolutionary guard remains cautious,
00:01:24of of saying commitments from the US are vital. Iran's foreign minister
00:01:28says a deal with Oman is...
00:01:32of straight
00:01:41of
00:01:42a of
00:01:50of of
00:01:54of
00:01:56of
00:02:02of
00:02:08depends on different
00:02:09of conditions, of among which is compensation for us violations
00:02:13of the memorandum of
00:02:15of understanding. a spokes person for the IRGC says current talks
00:02:19have nothing to do with the straight and it can allow traffic to pass
00:02:23through if Washington accepts all of its conditions such as
00:02:27a lifting of of the blockade of its ports. meanwile US media is reporting
00:02:31of the chairman
00:02:31of the joint chiefs of staff Dan kane believes Washington needs
00:02:35to adopt a new strategy in the war because air strikes alone are
00:02:39unlikely to
00:02:40in accomplish in the administration's goals. He's
00:02:43in discussed
00:02:43a the possibility of an offramp
00:02:44of with other senior US officials. One of
00:02:48those officials is Vice President JD Vans who says the US is still
00:02:51talking to Iran we have given assurances no
00:02:54a tolls will be charged for ships passing through the straight. Calling it
00:02:58a game. said Tehron remains desperate to end the
00:03:02war. Speaking to Fox News, Van said
00:03:05of Washington will decide on the outcome once it gets a clear picture of what
00:03:09offer is on the table and if they meet the
00:03:12a US's
00:03:13of requirements. of We've destroyed their nuclear program, we've destroyed their conventional
00:03:17military, we've radically reduced their what you might call their
00:03:20of asymmetric military abilities, and right now we're trying to see if
00:03:24they're willing
00:03:25of to make
00:03:25a the kind of long-term changes that would be necessary to have better
00:03:29of relationship with. the United States, and if not, uh, that's fine too, we're just going to
00:03:33keep on applying the pressure that we can apply, and getting as much oil and
00:03:37gas out
00:03:37of the middle lease. Our North America correspondent John
00:03:41Bray is in Washington DC with more details on Vance's TV
00:03:45appearance. Well, he's talking about the pressure
00:03:49being ramped up
00:03:50a economically, diplomatically, and
00:03:53a militarily, and although his message does appear far more
00:03:57coherent than Donald Trump, is optimism, just
00:04:01like the president's doesn't seem to have any real basisuh
00:04:05as far as the evidence goes from what we've
00:04:07of seen, and what
00:04:08of we understand,
00:04:09of and as you've been explaining, the Iranians are still claiming
00:04:13their influence over the straight of famous, their right to
00:04:17impose tolls upon the straight, and there's
00:04:21of even talk in that
00:04:22in agreement with a man about stopping US and
00:04:29in of Israeli shipping from going through, now none of this will be acceptable to the
00:04:29in American. but JD
00:04:31of Vance, just like Donald
00:04:32of Trump, insists that the Americans are directly negotiating with
00:04:36Iran, and JD Vance,
00:04:38of basically implying that the
00:04:41of Americans hold all the leverage, he says the nuclear
00:04:44a capability has been
00:04:45of destroyed, their military has been virtually
00:04:48destroyed
00:04:50of and they're suffering economically,
00:04:52a so it's all a question about the
00:04:53of Americans now making sure they're going to get
00:04:57of what they want from this deal, but as I said... Uh,
00:05:00there's no clear
00:05:03of message coming from the Iranian side,
00:05:06of of which backs up the assertion that JD Vance is giving, the vice president
00:05:09saying that we're at the middle
00:05:11of the game. Turkish foreign
00:05:15minister Han fidan says reaching the agreement on the straight of hormos
00:05:18is now close as international pressure intensifies for deal
00:05:22to be
00:05:23reached.
00:05:29What everyone is currently working towards is reaching an agreement that
00:05:33would allow
00:05:34the straight to reopen even
00:05:36temporarily.
00:05:42then reach an advanced stage. Oman and Iran are currently working
00:05:46a procedure between themselves as they are located another
00:05:50southern and northern sides the straight respectively. We
00:05:54believe we are close to reaching an agreement. However,
00:05:58we see that the decision making process within Iran could take some
00:06:02time due to security concerns. At the moment,
00:06:06countries in the region as well as the United States, Western Europe and
00:06:10Asia are calling for the straight to.
00:06:20Our diplomatic correspondent Andrew Hopkins says more from
00:06:23Ankara. He's been asked about what the latest state of
00:06:27play is about the talk surrounding the straight reformers, because obviously
00:06:31we've seen the last 24 hours or so the United States saying
00:06:35deal is close again, but we have been in the
00:06:38situation several times already in hakam fidan talking to
00:06:42Anna. Anadolo agency here in Turkey, he's saying that he believes
00:06:46that talks are at an advanced stage,
00:06:49however uh, he says there won't necessarily be
00:06:52announcement imminently because the decision making
00:06:56process within Iran, and that may take some time as well,
00:07:00so it's not clear exactly when this agreement is going to
00:07:03be finalized, whether it's going to be a question of few hours or
00:07:07few days, but clearly lot of countries in the region and further field want to
00:07:11see the straight... of hors opened because the
00:07:15problems it's been causing to the international economy and the price of
00:07:18fuel all around the
00:07:19world. new
00:07:23deal between Turkia, Saudi Arabia and Pakistan has committed them
00:07:27each other's defense, as fallout from the war on Iran prompts new
00:07:31concerns around the region. the agreement has been signed in Mecca
00:07:35and will see closer military corporation and include a
00:07:39NATO style collective defense clause, which means an attack. on
00:07:42one will be considered attack on all, the Turkish President
00:07:46said the agreement reaffirms the right to self-defense as defined in
00:07:50the UN charter. recepan explained it's not
00:07:54directed against any country and is open to the participation
00:07:58of all brotherly nations seeking to promote peace,
00:08:01prosperity and stability
00:08:03in the region. he said turkey will resolutely maintain its
00:08:07principal stance on resolving conflicts and crises through
00:08:11dialogue and diplomacy based on respect for international
00:08:14law. the turkish foreign minister echoed the president
00:08:18statement while adding the alliance is likely to expand beyond its founding
00:08:22three members with Egypt among potential
00:08:25participants. there is a
00:08:28strong determination to address or at least contain the
00:08:32instability in the region and to improve the prosperity of its
00:08:35people through greater economic and social
00:08:38integration. the intellectual and conceptual ground.
00:08:42and planning are already in place. We are working on how
00:08:46implement these plans institutionally. NATO's
00:08:50greatest deterrance is its ability to develop defensive
00:08:54position. In other words, the message is, if you attack
00:08:58me, I'm prepared. I have the military strength of such a
00:09:01large community behind me, so do not test my
00:09:04strength. As result, I'm not attacked, and within the
00:09:08region where I live, I can focus on resolving political and...
00:09:12economical problems developing and moving towards a more
00:09:16normal path.
00:09:17this is important because violence, war and suffering are what
00:09:21stand in the way of development. by strengthening your
00:09:25deterrence, you help prevent that.
00:09:29met chelik is the editorial coordinator for the daily saba
00:09:33newspaper. he explains how the mecca agreement is not an
00:09:36alternative to NATO. when we when we
00:09:40talk about attack and the countries demand some sort of support,
00:09:44there will be different tiers to deal with, do they need intelligence, do they
00:09:48need let's say military equipment or defense
00:09:52industry equipment, or do they need an actual all-out
00:09:55coordinated military support? so this these
00:09:59different tiers will be discussed, but I think one the the common
00:10:03understanding is that this is not something that is
00:10:06alternative to NATO, but it comes from vision that
00:10:10seeks to, at least for the region to... own the problems and
00:10:13own the solutions at the same time without
00:10:16interference the third parties, especially when it comes to
00:10:20collective defense, for I think, for for
00:10:24very long..." time some the regional countries had depended on
00:10:27external powers for their defense, I think this
00:10:31establishment will eliminate that reliability problem and
00:10:35trust problem the third parties outside the region. Nevertheless,
00:10:39when it comes to Turkia's position regarding NATO, it has been
00:10:42clear that of course, there is a there is
00:10:46about the article 5 issue, this is going to how,
00:10:50this is going to be discussed how it will affect Turkia's position within NATO,
00:10:54but but this is not this is one that is
00:10:57defense motivated rather than an offensive
00:11:01one, so if Turkey is attacked for example, Turkey will have
00:11:05to defend itself through NATO or through this new establishment, but if the
00:11:09other countries attacked, because Turkia is not part of
00:11:12that, I mean because they are not part of NATO, Turkey
00:11:16can still support those countries at different levels, if
00:11:20Turkey has attack ultimately because of this problem,
00:11:23again... Turkia is a NATO country and then you will be
00:11:27discussed how NATO can support defending Turkia when if there
00:11:31isn't if there isn't a provoked
00:11:35attack on Turkia um from
00:11:38the neighboring countries from the region or from any other actors the international
00:11:41from the international community then Turkey will have multi
00:11:45tier defense mechanisms at place one them will
00:11:49be this new mechanism but of course TK is part of NATO that has to be
00:11:53also in place as well.
00:12:01Serbian president Alexander Vuchit says his government will support
00:12:05Ukraine's independence and seek to strengthen economic
00:12:08cooperation between the two countries. Valadimir Zelensky is
00:12:12making his first presidential visit to Serbia as Vuchit seeks
00:12:16to balance Balgrad's EU ambitions with its longstanding ties to
00:12:20Russia. Vuchic has condemned Moscow's invasion of
00:12:24Ukraine. but has refused to impose sanctions and remains heavily
00:12:28dependent on Russian gas. Zelensky says he needs
00:12:31advanced weapons to fight
00:12:33Russia. We have now reached an
00:12:37agreement with Trump that will grant the licenses, but just imagine if we had received them
00:12:41four years ago. We would already be manufacturing patriots for
00:12:44everyone, believe me, and Europe, the parts of Europe that
00:12:48want and would like to have patriots, anti-ballistic systems and
00:12:51missiles would already have them all. I'm absolutely.
00:13:25person has been killed during an overnight attack on the capital. Russia's
00:13:29defense ministry says its forces also struck military
00:13:32warehouses containing communications and electronic warfare
00:13:36equipment in the black sea port of Odessa. And in the port of
00:13:40Mikholaiv, Russian forces hit a cargo vessel carrying
00:13:43military equipment and a warehouse storing weapons and military
00:13:47supplies. The fighting has left regional powers concerned
00:13:51with Turkey now calling both sides to halt strikes in the black.
00:13:57Authorities say fire at the Ilskiy oil refinery in
00:14:00Russia's southern Krasnodar region has been extinguished. Russia's
00:14:04defense ministry said its air defenses destroy 397
00:14:08Ukrainian drones over multiple regions overnight. Ukrainian
00:14:12officials have confirmed the strikes saying keve hit both the
00:14:16Ilski and Sirzan oil refineries causing fires at
00:14:20both. Our correspondent Jolflin reports from
00:14:22Keiv.
00:14:25I think uh, in terms of what he was expecting from the the talks
00:14:28and the discussions between Serbia and
00:14:32Ukraine themselves, it was probably not an awful lot, the two have
00:14:35regularly had meetings, indeed Vutic was in uh Ukraine just last
00:14:39month, so this is not unusual in that regard, and we have heard
00:14:43Zilinski talking up economic cooperation, they have mooted uh joint
00:14:47development projects uh planned as well, things around energy and
00:14:50infrastructure, but beyond that of course the question that Ukraine has at the
00:14:54moment is... specifically around defense, and we haven't heard anything about
00:14:58how Serbia may or may not contribute to that in the future. what we have
00:15:02heard from Zelinsky talking in Belgrade today is that the that the Ukrainians have now
00:15:06secured a monthly deal to deliver patriot interceptors
00:15:10from the United States. we don't know in what
00:15:13quantities, however, and that is key question for Ukraine as it struggles
00:15:17under the volume of ballistic missile attacks that are hitting Keeve
00:15:21and other parts the country a a weekly basis and on
00:15:25Tuesday we saw at least 17 people killed by huge ballistic
00:15:29strike that hit the capital and other parts the country as
00:15:32well, but this is not an insignificant for issue for
00:15:36Ukraine at the moment and it is facturing into all the discussions that Zelinski is
00:15:39having with all of his partners across Europe um how to
00:15:43get interceptors and specifically these patriot
00:15:46interceptors that aren't uh just not with coming and not forth
00:15:50coming in in Ukraine but are really in thin volumes right across Europe as
00:15:54well we know that the United States has been heavily using them as result of its
00:15:58war with Iran but how that factors into the broader question of defense around
00:16:02Europe and Ukraine is issue uh that is uh really
00:16:05really uh top level of discussions among
00:16:09diplomats
00:16:10and among leaders. high up
00:16:13in the skies above Ukraine, with not a person
00:16:16in sight, there is a battle being waged. it is new
00:16:20stage of Kiev's conflict with Russia, one that is pushing the
00:16:24frontiers of technology and the economics of
00:16:27warfare, yet the implications of this fight for air
00:16:30superiority are on the
00:16:32ground. few weapons
00:16:36have played as big role,
00:17:08a UAV developed by Ukrainian defense firm Wild
00:17:10Hornets. The company says sting has down thousands of
00:17:14Russian Shaheads since entering regular service last
00:17:18year. This isn't just about technology, it is about
00:17:21altering the economics of warfare. These things are smaller,
00:17:25they are cheaper, they are more scalable. They can't stop ballistic missiles, but
00:17:29Ukraine believes this is how it alters the balance of power
00:17:33against drones in its skies, but systems like these cannot stop
00:17:37the... ballistic missiles that have killed dozens across Ukraine over the
00:17:41last week. President Vladimir Zelinsky has said that without new interceptors,
00:17:45specifically US patriots, it is unable to stop
00:17:48them. yet in exclusive comments to TRT World, Ukrainian drome
00:17:52makaker fire point claims it may have another answer,
00:17:56involving its long-range attack drone, the FP1. We need
00:17:59a Starling connectivity over Russia. If
00:18:03we had this, we could destroy all the launchers for ballistic missiles.
00:18:07"you are saying that if Elon Musk gave you permission to use Starlink
00:18:11over Russian territory, that you could stop all ballistic
00:18:14missiles from coming in to Ukraine, yes we already have all the
00:18:18instruments for this. I think any way we need to
00:18:21also provide antiballistic capabilities, but if we're talking
00:18:25about plug and play solution, yes this is the most crucial change that
00:18:29could happen in the moment. If the claim is correct, it
00:18:33would shift the equation of Ukraine's ballistic defense from one of..."
00:18:37interceptors towards one of offensive reach
00:18:41and polition. Zelinskiy is currently in
00:18:44negotiations over patriot interceptors with the US and has also
00:18:48asked President Donald Trump about using Starlink over Russian
00:18:52territory. The battle in Ukraine's skies may be
00:18:55determining the next stage in this war, yet it is discussions in the
00:18:59political halls of power that could yet decide its
00:19:02future. Joflyn trt World in
00:19:05Kieve. At least. 300 children have
00:19:08reportedly been killed in Gaza in the 300 days since the cease fire was
00:19:12announced late last year. UNICEF says that
00:19:16amounts to average of one child killed every day.
00:19:19Childhood is meant to be a time of play and learning, but many
00:19:23children in Gaza taking adult responsibilities. Our
00:19:26correspondent Ashif Shannon reports from the
00:19:29enclave. After
00:19:33more than nine months of seasfire which exists and name only many
00:19:37family. is in Gaza remain displaced and without a stable source of
00:19:40income. According to UNICEF, more than 56,000
00:19:44children have lost one of both parents or primary
00:19:48caregivers during Israel's war on the enclave,
00:19:52while hundreds of thousands continue to face severe disruptions to
00:19:56their education and daily lives. For many these families,
00:19:59the death of father has meant the loss the households only
00:20:03bread winner, forcing children to shoulder responsibilities.
00:20:07far beyond their years, one them is 13 year
00:20:11old Karim Abufakr. Instead of carrying school books,
00:20:15Karim sells chilled water in his camp using a small solar
00:20:19powered cooler. He turns simple idea into a
00:20:23way to support his family. My father was killed during the
00:20:27war so I had to have my family, my grandparents and everyone who
00:20:30depends on me. I'm the only one supporting them. I collect
00:20:34food from the community kitchen and provide for my family. I had to
00:20:38leave school because I no longer have time to study, other children are
00:20:42still in school, but I was forced to give up my education to help my
00:20:45family. Is restrictions on humanitarian aid have also left
00:20:49families. with increasingly limited
00:20:51options. I'm a mother of four
00:20:55children and since my husband's death, we have had no
00:20:59source of income. Karim, my elder son, has taken on
00:21:03the responsibility of supporting his younger siblings. For thousands
00:21:07of children in Gaza, the seasfire has not brought an end to hardship.
00:21:11Nine months on families are still facing displacement, poverty and
00:21:15the pain of losing loved ones. 10 year
00:21:19old Muhammad. alam now spends his days working a
00:21:22traditional clay oven instead of attending school, across
00:21:26Gaza's displacement camps, the same scenes unfold every
00:21:30day, we have no source of income
00:21:34and no money to rely on, so I had to send my son to work at the
00:21:38clay oven here in the camp, even if he earns $2
00:21:42a day, it helps us buy vegetables and basic food, I am
00:21:45responsible for six family members and Muhammad, my eldest son, is
00:21:50one helping provide for our family, with more than
00:21:53637,000 children out of formal
00:21:56education, many are losing not only their
00:21:59classrooms, but the chance to experience normal
00:22:03childhood. Ashraf Shanan, TRT World,
00:22:06Gaza. Demonstrations are being held in Tel
00:22:10Aviv, part the weekly anti-government protests against
00:22:14Benjamin Netanyahu's administration and against settler
00:22:17violence in the occupied West Bank. Our correspondent Muhammad
00:22:21al-qasim reports from the rally, tonight
00:22:25feels different in Tel Aviv, another demonstration,
00:22:28anti-government, anti-war, anti illegal settler and
00:22:32settlement demonstration, but this time it feels different and the answer
00:22:36is simple, it's time, and this is one the reasons why many
00:22:40the protesters here tonight have been carrying signs
00:22:43that says save Israel with the date the
00:22:47elections to October 27th is...
00:23:20they say that his uh prolonged wars, conflicts
00:23:24has hurt the economy, deepened the division within
00:23:28Israeli society, and the argument hasn't changed, but
00:23:3180 days from an election, it has become
00:23:35something more urgent, a political countdown
00:23:39of some sort. Netanyahu has been struggling in the polls, he's
00:23:43been losing to his main contender, Gaty Eazenkot, a
00:23:47former Israeli military chief of staff, his
00:24:21The UN has once again raised the alarm over the impact of
00:24:24Sudan's war on children, warning the country risks losing
00:24:28an entire generation to the conflict. The UN says at least
00:24:328 million school age children are currently away from
00:24:35classrooms. Since 2024, the UN has documented more
00:24:39than 150 schools being used for military purposes,
00:24:43while at least 67 have been attacked. The
00:24:46crisis is particularly severe in Darfur. when nearly
00:24:50three quarters of schools have been destroyed or rendered
00:24:53unusable since the war began. the region includes
00:24:57Alfasher, one the main centers the conflict. after
00:25:01more than 1200 days of war, nearly half of Sudan's teachers have gone
00:25:05without salaries, but many continue to teach under
00:25:08extremely difficult conditions. Joseph
00:25:12Okeano is an East Africa political analyst and says the
00:25:16Rapid support forces targets communities and schools as a
00:25:20markening tool against the Sudanese
00:25:21army,
00:25:24predominantly RSF, is they more than any
00:25:28other group that are most likely to actually
00:25:32attack villages and civilian populations either in
00:25:35revenge or as means to
00:25:39determine equation in which they want to have an upper hand for the
00:25:43moment? this is effectively national army that
00:25:46split nearly 50/50 except with one
00:25:50group that has got a tendency almost of being
00:25:54an equivalent of a terror group in their own nation
00:25:57state, but backed by powerful
00:26:01wealthy nation, in United Arab Emirates
00:26:04and backed by huge amount of money,
00:26:08sufficiently well trained and well equipped determined guys
00:26:12were almost driven by sort of like material gain and
00:26:15power, not necessarily ideology but with
00:26:19impunity and it makes it extremely
00:26:23grows some. remember this is not a conflict that you could
00:26:27confine to only four years, prior to the four years there was
00:26:30a more than a generation of conflicts in Dafu,
00:26:34part of which was basically effective war of genocide, and I
00:26:38know young teachers on the continent in
00:26:42non direct conflict situations who go without pay, but they wake
00:26:46up and continue to go, so credit to teachers, but in the Sudanese
00:26:49aspect, there is no alternative, part the other is an element of
00:26:53hope that you just have to keep
00:28:13As kid I was very eager, I was very active, I loved to
00:28:17dance and I used to love to ride my bike, really
00:28:21good, fun, but those things about me started
00:28:25to change even though I knew something was wrong, I never imagined it
00:28:28would be this, the lime disease bacteria bary. Fry is
00:28:32definitely one the smartest bacteria on the planet. This organism knows how to
00:28:36change forms. I came here cuz I wanted to meet the pope, cuz I
00:28:40believe a miracle. I believe a miracle. There are more
00:28:44cases of lime disease
00:28:46than HIV and breast cancer
00:28:48combined. Storyteller, the
00:28:52quiet epidemic on TRT
00:28:54World. Joel
00:28:58Flynn has been reporting. Correspondent Joel Flynn has been near the frontlines at
00:29:02this report. Correspondent Joe Flynn continues TRT World's special coverage.
00:29:06Correspondent Joe Flynn sectors this report. What is the situation then?
00:29:09We are not here to fix it nor to frame
00:29:13it. We are here to witness it. So over the
00:29:17last few days you've witnessed some concerning acts of
00:29:21violence. Tell us what you found. The pause before a screen,
00:29:24the look that can't be made into words. Fear is
00:29:28growing.
00:29:32as long as they are likely all but
00:29:34impossible so when the smoke still
00:29:38holds the shape of what's burned and when the dust
00:29:42hasn't yet settled. what more can you tell us and what do we
00:29:46learn today? we are here to hold the moment,
00:29:50not to write the
00:29:50ending.
00:30:10You're watching TRT World, I'm Yashini Padiachi with the reminder of our
00:30:14main headlines. Iran and Oman remain positive on an
00:30:18outcome from their talks to open the straight of Hormus. Oman has called the
00:30:22talks constructive, while Iran's top diplomats says they're headed in the
00:30:26right direction. Abbas Arakchi also says both sides are
00:30:30discussing a temporary route for ships to pass through.
00:30:34"the talks are about a temporary route, we're almost very
00:30:37close to the result, determining this route by Iran and Oman does
00:30:41not necessarily mean the reopening the straight of Hamus, that is
00:30:45dependent on other factors, the violations the memorandum of
00:30:49understanding by America should be compensated, the current situation,
00:30:53I should say clearly is result of violating the memorandum of
00:30:56understanding by America. Vice President JD
00:31:00Vans says the US under. Iran talks are ongoing and
00:31:04assurances have been given, no toll will be charged from ships
00:31:08passing through the straight. Speaking to Fox News, he said
00:31:11Washington will decide on the outcome once it gets a... clear picture of
00:31:15what offers on the table and if they meet the US's
00:31:18requirements: we've destroyed their nuclear program, we've
00:31:22destroyed their conventional military, we've radically reduced their what
00:31:26you might call their asymmetric military abilities, and right now we're trying to
00:31:30see if they're willing to make the kind of long-term changes that would
00:31:34be necessary to have better relationship with the United States, and if not
00:31:38uh that's fine too, we're just going to keep on applying the pressure that we can apply
00:31:42and getting as much oil and gas out the Middle East.
00:31:46Turkia, Saudi Arabia and Pakistan have signed a landmark defense
00:31:50pact in Mecca, pledging attack on one will be treated as an
00:31:54attack on all. The Turkish President says the deal reaffirms the
00:31:57right to self-defense and is not aimed any country.
00:32:01The deal comes as tensions have grown across the region since the war on
00:32:05Iran started. And Russian overnight
00:32:09strikes on Ukraine's Kive region have killed three people, including a
00:32:13child. Three others were injured when multiple
00:32:16locations just outside the capital were also hit. this
00:32:20comes as president Zelensky is in Belgrade on his first
00:32:23official visit to Serbia, one the few European
00:32:27countries that has maintained friendly relations with
00:32:30Russia and continues to get gas from
00:32:33Moscow. the news continues on TRT
00:32:37World.
00:32:50Coming up on this week's review of roundtable,
00:32:53Spain's mass surge of migrants into thelter sparks
00:32:57diplomatic row. In Hungary,
00:33:01Peter sets about dismanthling Victor Orban's system, but
00:33:04is he going too far? The EU gets the
00:33:08green light to Trump proof the euro with its own
00:33:12digital currency, and how the... race could
00:33:16be impacting the climate we live in and the water we
00:33:20drink.
00:33:35hello and welcome to the review of round table. i'm Ryan and
00:33:39Jones. European border security is under scrutinyy after
00:33:42more than 60,000 migrants. swam and climbed their way into
00:33:46thelter, the Spanish enclave on the Moroccan coast. Spanish
00:33:50authorities say all but 2000 have been returned to
00:33:54Morocco, but EU authorities have called on Spain to
00:33:58strengthen its borders. Spanish prime minister Pedro
00:34:01Sanchez has accused traffickers of causing the crisis, which
00:34:05left 78 people dead. You've argued that the
00:34:09EU migration pact, it creates
00:34:12incentives for illegal migration. so what
00:34:16should Europe be doing differently and in
00:34:19particular looking at Hungary as an
00:34:22example of of Europe's or one of Europe's tougher
00:34:26borders? well the government
00:34:30has done the same mistake as the European Union has in terms of
00:34:34being very weak on border protection against illegal immigration.
00:34:38just to put this into context, this crisis, the last couple
00:34:42of months in Spain have been about the question: of
00:34:45legalizing hundreds of thousands in
00:34:49Spain and basically granting them regular
00:34:52status, although they entered illegally. if then
00:34:56there's another piece of news and we've discussed this
00:34:59already that some people, it was circulating in
00:35:03networks or maybe even in media that people who
00:35:07enter seuta illegally will be allowed to
00:35:10stay, well that is fueled by the months and
00:35:14months - previously where the Spanish
00:35:17government has moved forward on legalizing hundreds of thousands
00:35:21of illegals, so obviously there's a pull factor created
00:35:25by politics, created by the socialist government in Spain, and also
00:35:29created with what you mentioned, the EU migration pact, because what is the EU
00:35:33migration pact about? It's about distributing the
00:35:36burden of illegal immigration across Europe to all
00:35:40countries in without stopping illegal entry,
00:35:44that... should be the first priority the European Union, that was the first
00:35:48priority of our government in Hungary since the
00:35:512015 migration crisis and it was
00:35:54successful one, you can stop
00:35:58illegal immigrants at the borders, um, of
00:36:02course there's a lot of pressure from media, there's
00:36:06a lot of pressure from NGOs and there was a lot of pressure on Hungary from the
00:36:10European Commission, just to remind the viewers, we were find 1 million
00:36:14euros per day, plus a sum of 200 million
00:36:17euros to change our laws and to allow illegal
00:36:20immigrants to enter the territory of Hungary and therefore the
00:36:24Shengen zone and do asylum
00:36:27procedures for illegals who are already in the EU, then
00:36:31usually disappear, so this is very
00:36:35bad, there's a very bad 10 years looking back in
00:36:39terms of European migration policy and water protection, and
00:36:43what has we have witnessed in Spain in the last couple of months
00:36:47now, is a turbo boosting of this very bad
00:36:51policy, and basically giving out a free
00:36:54blank check to legal immigrants, you're telling them, 'well you're here
00:36:58illegally, we'll just legalize you. what should
00:37:02people think who were contemplating on entering the EU
00:37:05illegally? if not that this is the moment to go. on that
00:37:09look, Pablo Andres mentioned that the suspended schengen
00:37:13arrangements backed by Finland and
00:37:16Denmark, that was by Italy, what's your opinion on that
00:37:20on Andres's anders's thoughts that was it justified?
00:37:24not at all, I mean at the end the day the schengen area was not in any' danger right, there still
00:37:28a and Zeuta has very specific arrangement with the rest of
00:37:32continental europe as it were, and there have to be border controls and there are
00:37:36passport controls going from thta
00:37:38to to continental spain as it were right, so not a single mangrad made it to the schengen
00:37:42area, I don't see,
00:37:43I don't remember, I haven't recalled, I haven't seen anybody from this particular w of
00:37:46migrants appearing at the borders of Hungary or any other European
00:37:50country, the vast majority them went back and turned back and return to
00:37:53Morocco, yes this shouldn't have happened, it's a very bad
00:37:57look right, it's a terrible look, and there may be an argument to
00:38:01be made about this has been partially influenced by the recent
00:38:05legalization or regularization of migrants in spain from Pedro
00:38:08sanchez, and we'll find out about that more. the
00:38:12regularization of of of migrants that just happened in April in Spain was
00:38:16primarily aimed at Latin America, particularly
00:38:19Colombian, Venezuelan, Ecuadorians, some Mexicans,
00:38:23Argentinians, lot more migration from Latin America, there were of course some people from Northern
00:38:26Africas. well right, but it's a different different phenomenon, most migrants that
00:38:30come through Europe from Spain do not do it through the enclave of
00:38:34Theuta because the still have to go through the sea all the way to continental
00:38:38Spain and it's a lot harder to do so, so
00:38:41it is not a great look, it's terrible, but I think I'll be very careful with the language as
00:38:45well, how we portrayed this as well, this was not an invasion, the schengen area
00:38:49was not under threat, it was terrible event, and let's not forget as
00:38:52well the human cost of this crisis, because at least 70 people los their
00:38:56lives. something that was completely avoidable, right? so I think we have to be
00:39:00careful with how we portray this, how we paint this? yeah, absolutely. I mean, Pablo said it
00:39:04there, Zoe, let's not forget about the more than 50 people that
00:39:08reportedly um dead as result of of
00:39:11this, has the political debate here in
00:39:15your view, overshadowed the the humanitarian
00:39:19tragedy that we saw? yeah, I think I think that's
00:39:23probably fair to say, the focus has been on the
00:39:25politics um, rather than the lives lost,
00:39:29we know that the people in thota, although many them have
00:39:33shown some solidarity with the people who are still there, the the
00:39:37migrants, many them are minors, so that procedure for
00:39:40repatriation is a bit more complex, they have shown
00:39:44solidarity, the authorities they have taken the most the
00:39:48necessary humanitarian steps, i think there's a sort
00:39:52of a divided feeling between compassion and concern for
00:39:56those individuals, arrived on the beach
00:39:59with with literally just the clothes on their back versus the
00:40:03massive numbers that that in flooded in as we know the
00:40:07population of thot is around 8000 so it was almost the
00:40:11same number of migrants who arrived on on the shores so this
00:40:15obviously um
00:40:16you know cause caused people to sort of retreat into their homes close up
00:40:20shops etc. so i think there is there is this rather
00:40:23awkward confrontation that people are having to face here in spain.
00:40:27themselves, how to what extent do we show our
00:40:31concern and our compassion for those in in the position
00:40:35the migrants versus our sense of
00:40:38security and our sense of sort of
00:40:41secured borders, so yeah, I think it's a very, it's a very
00:40:45difficult difficult one
00:40:47for for many people here in
00:40:48Spain.
00:40:53In April, Peter, Victor Orban to become Hungarian.
00:40:57minister following a 16-year reign. Majar has vowed to
00:41:01dismantle what he calls the corrupt and illiberal system
00:41:04established under Orban. He's in the process of removing
00:41:08key officials and launching corruption probes into the former
00:41:12Prime Minister's inner circle. Some are hailing the new government for
00:41:16cleaning up Hungarian politics, while critics are calling it a
00:41:20destruction the rule of law. Hungary, let's not forget,
00:41:24has billions of euros in frozen EU funds.
00:41:28at stake here, so to what extent is the
00:41:31pace of Majar's reforms being driven by this August
00:41:35deadline here, well the thing is
00:41:39um uh... would uh, I would say that the,
00:41:43I wouldn't use the word reforms that you have used
00:41:46earlier, this is, this is retribution and the
00:41:50government is is a government of avengers, the
00:41:54Peter is using the dismantling
00:41:57the what he calls the urban regime as
00:42:00smoke screen to actually destroy the entire
00:42:04Hungarian conservative national network and and
00:42:08sphere, and this is exactly. what is expected of
00:42:11him to do
00:42:13and what is what is happening
00:42:17with
00:42:17the with what you asking about the speed of the reforms
00:42:21um we all wanted reforms and and I
00:42:25think this was Victor Orban's mistake that he didn't listen
00:42:29to the independent Hungarian Conservative network
00:42:33that was asking for reform and
00:42:35there was a bubble around Fedes but what we got is is uh is
00:42:39basically destruction the rule of law in Hungary and
00:42:43the neostalinist cult of personality against
00:42:47around Peter, this is this is not reform and it should not
00:42:50be should not be called that and all these comparisons,
00:42:54well this is exactly what what Victor
00:42:58Orban did earlier for 16 years, I don't think
00:43:02they stand
00:43:04the the test of reality, we did not have political prisoners as
00:43:08we do, the uh offices and and the
00:43:11servers the opposition party have not been raided by
00:43:15Victor Orban, the president was not forced
00:43:19out, etc., etc., so these comparisons of of
00:43:23any sort of existing parallels are are limping in my
00:43:26view. Gerge, Daniel there calling it
00:43:29retribution, Mark calling it normal
00:43:33politics, where's the line
00:43:36between transitional justice and political revenge?
00:43:42It's hard to say really because um obviously retribution or
00:43:46writing the wrongs the onsian regime was one the
00:43:49major things that the electorate has requested
00:43:53and well the Hungarian public is used to this
00:43:56majoritarian politics partly because of what the Orban regime has done that basically
00:44:00whatever the majority be the majority of voters or the majority in
00:44:04parliament requires will happen regardless of whether that
00:44:08violates any princip. of rule of law, european
00:44:11standards
00:44:12or so and so on, but this has been a Hungarian
00:44:16staple in politics since the 90s. Hungary is the only country in
00:44:20the region that didn't have that hasn't had snap elections since
00:44:231990, every government in some way shape for
00:44:26form was there for four years, they were elected for four years, the
00:44:30parliament remained in place for four years, which is unusual in European politics.
00:44:34European politics is usually about lot of coalition disputes, lot of
00:44:37governments just dissolving early. being called, Hungary
00:44:41has not been subject to that, the Hungarian public is used to having a
00:44:45stable majority, and whatever the majority says pretty much goes.
00:44:49Mark, regular transition or not, recent polling does
00:44:53suggest that Teesa remains comfortably ahead,
00:44:57but support has slipped, so are you surprised that the government
00:45:01has has seen a drop in support so
00:45:03soon? not
00:45:05especially, once governments
00:45:09' actually move implementing the promises uh that they
00:45:13make, and this applies not just to Hungary, but really anywhere you have democratic
00:45:17system, uh, the, some people
00:45:21in the populist will be, not as
00:45:24happy, they the promises and the way that they're kept, the
00:45:28concrete programmatic implementations
00:45:32will disappoint some people, and so you have, people who express their
00:45:36disappointment by responding to polls and poll numbers,
00:45:40drop
00:45:41uh, you know, the question, I think for Peter will be to pay attention to
00:45:45how low his pull numbers go,
00:45:48um, uh, and how, and to do course
00:45:52corrections, uh, if in fact it seems like uh,
00:45:56the way that he's implementing these policies are is
00:46:00impacting negatively his popularity in Hungary as a whole,
00:46:04and so far, there hasn't really been a lot of to move the
00:46:08needle a a strong negative direction, it's, it
00:46:11seems to me like it's just you know some people who are you know not
00:46:15exactly happy with the way that certain policies have been
00:46:19implemented and and that's for petard
00:46:22to to address if it becomes serious
00:46:25problem.
00:46:30the European Union is set to adopt a new digital euro an
00:46:34effort to advance the continent's financial independence in
00:46:38technology, almost two. thirds of card payments in the
00:46:41eurozone are handled by non-european companies.
00:46:45lawmakers argue payment systems are instrument of
00:46:48power, and the moves been framed as an effort to regain European
00:46:52independence from American payment systems. Why are
00:46:56they doing this? Well, I think the context the last few years is that
00:47:00we've had separate developments in the crypto world, in blockchain
00:47:04technologies, which central banks want to stay top of, and also on the other
00:47:08hand we have declining use of cash, so
00:47:10the original rational, and why the ECB started looking into central bank
00:47:14digital currency, by
00:47:15the way, not the only central bank in fact, most central banks are looking into some form
00:47:19their own digital currency is to preserve sort of. stable,
00:47:23secure access to digital form of cash for for people
00:47:26when cash sort of is a secular decline. um, over time, this
00:47:30started in 2020, and then over time with the new Trump
00:47:33administration,
00:47:34the the argument that's gained prominence is more about European sovereignty, monetary sovereignty
00:47:38and without cutting our reliance, if you will, on American
00:47:42payment providers, which we rely
00:47:44on so heavily, but that's really something that's sort of been added on later on, the
00:47:48initial context comes from really the technological development that happen in the world.
00:47:52as well as uh there's declining use of cash and it really started off
00:47:56as a small sort of technical working group at the ECB that's kind
00:48:00of gained the life of its own and and continued uh as as it
00:48:04often does. Cedric, to you, is that the primary
00:48:07motivation here that there's a huge reliance in Europe on
00:48:10American payment platforms like visa and
00:48:14mastercard and paypal, and the EU basically wants
00:48:18to have their own version. Yeah, of course it's
00:48:22a... motivation, yeah, even if this
00:48:26dominance of visa and mastercard and all the system is
00:48:29is quite different from the different countries in the
00:48:33euro zone. for example, in France, we we have our
00:48:37own banking card system called
00:48:40CB, so we are much more independent, but on
00:48:44the Northern country of Europe,
00:48:45the they heavily rely on the visa in mastercad, so yeah, it's a
00:48:49legitimate motivation, but Uh, in my opinion
00:48:53it's not the digital ear is not necessarily
00:48:56the the best solution to achieve better sovereignty, but we will talk
00:49:00about that. Thank you. Oliver, to you, so the
00:49:03EU wants financial resilience. It strikes me that they're a
00:49:07little bit late to this digital party that's going on. A lot of others have made
00:49:11big strides. Well, I don't think
00:49:15that's really an argument, because she can say better late than never. Now,
00:49:19different question if if if this is the right solution.
00:49:23um, but where we stand now we have that the European parliament voted
00:49:27overwhelmingly in favor to start negotiations with the member
00:49:31states on how we could shape this digital euro, so that's where we
00:49:34are, and tell me, you're quite optimistic about
00:49:38this,
00:49:41well, optimistic, I'm not sure if I'm optimistic, I'm just
00:49:45describing the situation as it is, the European parliament
00:49:49wants to have it, the member states now have to agree to it,
00:49:53"and even then, if we will have it in terms of legal
00:49:57foundation, still the European Central Bank needs to first start kind of a
00:50:00model, and then it can be introduced only later, I understand
00:50:041929,
00:50:05and you at the end the day, the citizens, the consumers decide
00:50:09if they like the digital euro or if they like any other forms of
00:50:13payment or whatever we have, and mind you, the
00:50:17world moves very fast, in 209, maybe everything looks
00:50:20different, thank you. how popular will this be,
00:50:24because I can't remember the last time I actually had cash and coins in my
00:50:27hands, but that
00:50:28is the big question,
00:50:29but it's
00:50:29important to know that the ECB or when it's rolled out, there will
00:50:33be different mechanisms that potentially can be uh used to incentivize
00:50:37or even force people to use the digital euro, for example,
00:50:41what if government transfers, if you're recipient of it are
00:50:45only paid in in this into your digital euro wallet, or if some
00:50:49form of payment can only be conducted in this, that's that's the uncertainty. "we can look at the
00:50:53example of China which is already rolled out, it's digital Yuan, and it's
00:50:56actually the the use has has grown very very fast, and part of that
00:51:00is because consumers and businesses are nudged or
00:51:04kind of forced to to use it through sort of
00:51:08concrete limits on their action of what they can do, or even expiry of imagine you
00:51:12get you some payment into your wallet, but it expires a few days, you need to spend
00:51:15it, so that's a way to nudge economic agents towards state
00:51:19objectives if you will, and tell me is
00:51:21there any..." concern about the the age and the demographics involved here,
00:51:25that
00:51:26you know young people will jump on board with this, they'll handle the technology, they'll have a digital
00:51:29wallet, but say pensioners, older people, vulnerable people, people
00:51:33who aren't texavy, got any concerns about them, well that's different
00:51:37rationals for why these digital currencies are are rolled out or central bank
00:51:41currencies, there's an example in the bahamas where it's a it's a set of
00:51:45remote islands that are prone to natural disasters where a lot of people are
00:51:49excluded from the financial system and it's been rolled out there relatively successful.
00:52:05so that's why this idea of let's include more people that are currently
00:52:08excluded, the argument does not work in the eurozone, so that's why a
00:52:12take-up is the issue, it comes down to incentives, the latest proposal that i've
00:52:16seen is that the the deposits that you have in the digital wallet will not have any
00:52:19interest, now that's a major sort of drawback compared to commercial
00:52:23deposits, especially if you assume that interest rates by the ECB are going to
00:52:27stay hard for longer now, that means commercial deposits are going to have an attractive interest
00:52:31rate, why would people keep any money or use the digital euro if it's just
00:52:35idle money attracting no
00:52:36interest.
00:52:41the infrastructure powering the booming AI industry is consuming
00:52:45massive amounts of electricity and water. new study shows
00:52:49data centers are raising the temperature the ground around
00:52:52them, adding to environmental concerns. now affected
00:52:56communities are pushing back in protest. just
00:53:00give us your thoughts on the report and the environmental impact these
00:53:04AI data centers, how worried are you about what you're
00:53:08saying? I suppose we can add
00:53:11this to the list of consequences of data centers that we did not
00:53:15initially account for, and the list is already getting rather
00:53:19long, so we have the obvious things associated with data centers
00:53:23and power consumption being carbon emissions and being water
00:53:26consumption, now we're talking about heat islands uh, but at
00:53:30the same time you also have to think about other stuff like if you happen to be
00:53:34living nearby. data center, it might not just be heat, it might also be the
00:53:37noise that is affecting you from these data centers, if you are living
00:53:41near the power generation source for these data centers, you might actually
00:53:45deal with level thermal pollution as well, because power plants
00:53:49tend to dump warmer water into whatever
00:53:52source of water they're using, um, which is
00:53:56another heat effect, that's just
00:54:00few things, popping up, these data centers
00:54:04use, podable water uh, lot of water
00:54:08evaporates, becomes unavailable for reuse, can accessibate local water
00:54:12scarcity, the list goes on and on, there are so many
00:54:15consequences and these research papers are shedding light on
00:54:19more and more these consequences, I think it's really important, as was
00:54:23already stated just now, that we keep in mind all these
00:54:27potential consequences that we are first aware them, and we we keep them in
00:54:31mind whenever we're building out this type of infrastructure, because otherwise...
00:54:35we end up with
00:54:35an unsustainable situation. Thank you, Alex. Does
00:54:39it strike you was odd that AI is racing ahead, this revolution, but
00:54:43there's no regulation. Um, no, it doesn't strike me is
00:54:47odd. I think this is um is actually part the sort of human
00:54:50condition, that we invent things and then
00:54:54we realize the consequences afterwards, and um,
00:54:57even H.G. Wells, the famous British author talked about this something
00:55:01like hundred years ago. So, um, It's
00:55:05not surprising and but the um I
00:55:09think that AI appeared or was sort of
00:55:12introduced into the public domain if you like through um chat
00:55:16gpt and similar uh programs but it's been
00:55:20very um it's been under development for many years
00:55:23in used in academia and and parts of
00:55:27industry and so forth for much longer than it's uh prior
00:55:30to it being introduced into the public domain for
00:55:34general. please give um and it's almost now we're
00:55:38trying to shut the stable door after the horses bolted and
00:55:42so many people are really excited about it um
00:55:45and
00:55:46you know there's no definitely no going back um it's
00:55:50just um the lack of regulation and i think it
00:55:54does depend where you live um obviously there
00:55:58are very different attitudes in different continents to caring for
00:56:02the environment and so forth um but "we definitely do need
00:56:06some legislation in order to manage this, and be it
00:56:10through planning or whatever, we definitely need more
00:56:14legislation to not necessarily control use
00:56:17of um AI, but to um influence,
00:56:21positively influence the location of data centers
00:56:25and so forth. Jane, I saw a statistic last week which
00:56:29shock me, I'm from Ireland, as you know, 22% of our
00:56:33electricity consumption is going. on data centers, yes, I mean, we
00:56:37don't produce that much electricity ourselves anyway, but this is
00:56:40shocking, it is, and you got to think the strain that's
00:56:44going on the electricity grid, and we're still early days, that's that's only
00:56:48going to increase, um,
00:56:50and and it's part of what frustrates me is when you see the the speed
00:56:54um that the infrastructure is being built, I think if only that
00:56:58that energy and that intention and that will had been the
00:57:02same for for net zero and for building renewable. resources,
00:57:06we could have mitigated some the problems we are experiencing now,
00:57:10because we can't have uh communities come second
00:57:14place to data centers, we have to still be people and... plan it
00:57:18first, don't give me wrong, i am pro AI, i want to see adoption of
00:57:21AI, but not at the detriment of of communities
00:57:25and environments as well, so yeah, i
00:57:29hoping that the data centers now are going to start to look at um
00:57:33other sources their energy, you know, um, nuclear, small
00:57:37modular reactors, more renewable sources, i just
00:57:41we cannot go backwards and start to rely on fossil fuels again,
00:57:45thank you, alex, it strikes me
00:57:47that the data centers they're building now we're at the we're in the foothills
00:57:51the AI revolution, in years to come these data centers
00:57:55will be mega centers and we'll need even more
00:57:58energy. yeah, the power demand of data
00:58:01centers is exploding, if you look at the numbers
00:58:05by for example the UN university or the international energy
00:58:08agency, we see that data centers are already responsible
00:58:12for 1 and a/2% of global electricity consumption,
00:58:16and this number. is generally expected to double in the coming few
00:58:20years, so by 2030 data centers might be using 3% of
00:58:24global electricity consumption, and a local number a local
00:58:27level, these percentages can be lot higher. i know in my
00:58:31home country, the Netherlands data centers already represent 5% of our electricity
00:58:35grid, this number could also potentially double to 10% or more.
00:58:38um, these are staggering numbers that are using to provide
00:58:42power to one single sector, one single industry
00:58:46uh and the weird thing is it's not even
00:58:50clear what we're getting back from
00:58:52this,
00:58:57and remember you can see more discussion and debate on our YouTube channel,
00:59:01search for roundtable TRT World, and if you like what you
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00:59:09wherever you get your podcasts,
00:59:21The Balkans is at the crossroads of history.
00:59:25foreign influence has always weighed heavily on the
00:59:28people. The war in Ukraine
00:59:32has tested the fragile
00:59:34car.
00:59:39As global powers consider their next steps, few take
00:59:43into consideration what the people here
00:59:45want.
00:59:50Across the Balkans on TRT
00:59:53World.
01:00:09You're watching TRT World. I'm Yashini Padiachi with reminder of our
01:00:13main headlines. Iran and Oman remain positive on an
01:00:17out. come from their talks to open the straight of hormos. Oman has called
01:00:21the talks constructive, while Iran's top diplomats says they're headed in the
01:00:25right direction. Abbas Arakchi also says both sides are
01:00:29discussing a temporary route for ships to pass
01:00:31through. The talks are about a temporary
01:00:35route. We are almost very close to the result. Determining this
01:00:39route by Iran and Oman does not necessarily mean the reopening the straight of
01:00:43hoz. That is dependent on other factors, the violations
01:00:46them. memorandum of understanding by America should be compensated.
01:00:50The current situation, I should say clearly, is the result of violating
01:00:54the memorandum of understanding by America.
01:00:58Vice President, JDV.