Google Cloud Speech-to-Text API (Chirp) + Gemini 2.5 Flash Non-Thinking. Treat it as a searchable index of what was broadcast, not a quotation record.
00:00:20Shabbat, the Jewish day
00:00:21of rest.
00:00:25Here on the doorpost is a Mezuzah.
00:00:28It is usually placed at the entrance to Jewish institutions, houses, and even
00:00:32apartments. It is believed to protect against evil and negative
00:00:35energy.
00:00:41In this supermarket, Yuval can get everything he needs from
00:00:45kosher food. The word kosher in Hebrew means proper. This means
00:00:48that the food is prepared according to religious rules. The rules of
00:00:51Kosher diet are described in the Torah, the holy book of
00:00:54Judaism. For example, pork is forbidden. In Berlin,
00:00:58there are about 35,000 Jews, many of whom wear a kippah
00:01:01and cover it in public. Since October 7, 2023,
00:01:05antisemitism has been on the rise worldwide, including in Germany, but
00:01:08Yuval has always covered his kippah. In
00:01:12public, I wear a hat over my kippah because I don't want it to be seen that I'm
00:01:15wearing it. There have been many antisemitic incidents, and that
00:01:19poses a certain risk. I myself have had several such
00:01:23experiences. So, I do it for safety reasons.
00:01:27I feel more comfortable when people can't immediately see that.
00:01:38For Shabbat, he prepares traditional pita bread,
00:01:41although most Jews make challah, he uses
00:01:44flour, sugar, salt, yeast, water, and several secret
00:01:48ingredients.
00:01:51It's a family recipe, so I can't
00:01:53reveal it.
00:01:56Not all Jews strictly adhere to kosher rules,
00:01:59but it's important to Yuval to respect them. That's how he grew up, and it
00:02:02reminds him to live
00:02:04more consciously.
00:02:07For me, being Jewish means adhering to the fundamental principles
00:02:10of Judaism, for example, treating everyone with
00:02:14respect, but it also means being part of
00:02:16a community.
00:02:24It's safe to say that Yuval is a true pita bread master,
00:02:27throwing the dough in the air helps him to roll it out evenly and make
00:02:31it airy. He prepares a large amount for his family on Shabbat eve because
00:02:35cooking is forbidden on that day, and this bread can last for several days.
00:02:39Shabbat in Hebrew means rest, it begins at sunset on Friday and
00:02:42ends at sunset on Saturday. Before eating
00:02:46hummus, Yuval blesses the bread and thanks
00:02:48God.
00:02:59years of Jewish history, but it was also the scene of horrific
00:03:02crimes. Around 12,000 brass
00:03:05plates, known as Stolpersteine or stumbling
00:03:08stones, mark the last known addresses of victims as a sign
00:03:12of remembrance for those who were persecuted and killed by the Nazis. For Jews,
00:03:16Berlin is a unique city. For me, being Jewish in Berlin means living
00:03:20And now the question that comes to everyone's in one of the largest Jewish communities in Germany, which provides
00:03:23us with good opportunities to practice our faith and live according to
00:03:27our beliefs. Of course, history is still visible in
00:03:30many places, such as what happened during
00:03:34the Holocaust, not only to Jews, but to all other
00:03:37victims. what happened in the Holocaust, not only what happened to Jewish
00:03:41people, but generally to the victims of the Holocaust.
00:03:43It hurts when you are constantly reminded of it,
00:03:47but it's nice to see that the victims are not
00:03:49forgotten.
00:03:54At home, Yuval meets with his friend Noam to read
00:03:57the Torah, or more precisely, to chant.
00:04:06How often does he pray?
00:04:09In Judaism, there are usually three prayers during
00:04:12the day: one in the morning, one at noon or in the afternoon, and one
00:04:15in the evening. For me, it's especially important during
00:04:18Shabbat. Then we also have a fourth additional prayer, so
00:04:22we usually go to
00:04:26heard, will the powerful of the synagogue. Whenever he can, Yuval meets with
00:04:28friends in the evening to play football. He has friends
00:04:32of different faiths and beliefs, but when it comes to finding
00:04:35a partner, does she have to be
00:04:36Jewish?
00:04:41One could say it is desirable to have a Jewish
00:04:43partner. For me, it is very important, especially because
00:04:47Judaism is passed down through the mother. I want my children
00:04:50to grow up as Jews and be raised according to our
00:04:54tradition, and it is personally important to me that my children
00:04:57also grow up Jewish.
00:05:03It is also important to Yuval to live within
00:05:06the Jewish
00:05:21France is home to some of the most famous wines in
00:05:24the world, but climate change is affecting this
00:05:27region, and more importantly, the
00:05:30wine. Bordeaux is located in southwest
00:05:33France, not far from the Atlantic Ocean.
00:05:37For centuries, this city served as a gateway for wines
00:05:40from this region.
00:05:43While I was studying, I lived in Bordeaux for a while, so returning
00:05:46here means a lot to me. Back then, I was constantly crossing the Garonne,
00:05:50but I never thought that this very river
00:05:53was responsible for the fame of Bordeaux wines. The Garonne River is
00:05:57the cradle of Bordeaux wine trade.
00:06:01Wine has been shipped from here since the Middle
00:06:03Ages.
00:06:05If you really want to understand the world of wine,
00:06:09visit the Cité du Vin. This building is
00:06:12one of the most impressive landmarks in the city, and its
00:06:15architecture resembles the swirling of wine in
00:06:18a glass. The museum presents everything related to the culture
00:06:22and history of wine, not only in Bordeaux, but throughout
00:06:25the world. Almost everything in the exhibition is interactive and
00:06:29interesting.
00:06:32My favorite part is the buffet of five senses. Have you ever
00:06:35wondered how wine lovers always manage to detect
00:06:39certain smells and tastes that no one else notices?
00:06:42Here you can train your
00:06:53about 40 km east of Bordeaux. The town and
00:06:56surrounding vineyards are a UNESCO World Heritage site
00:07:00and represent one of the most famous wine regions
00:07:04in France. In its center is a monolithic church
00:07:07carved into the limestone rock. In the 12th
00:07:10century, Benedictine monks
00:07:12founded a monastery here and helped develop the now
00:07:16famous vineyards. It is one of the most beautiful places you can
00:07:20visit in Bordeaux, but I'm not here just for the postcard-perfect
00:07:23views. I want to see what's happening in
00:07:27the vineyards, because the consequences of climate change are most
00:07:30clearly visible here. I'm taking an electric bike tour organized
00:07:34by Rustic Wines. It's a more active
00:07:38and environmentally friendly option than driving a car, and the route takes
00:07:42us vineyards. The landscape
00:07:45we're passing through is increasingly affected by climate change.
00:07:48Warmer summers and unpredictable rainfall disrupt the usual
00:07:52schedule of work in the vineyards. Here are the young
00:07:55grape bunches of this year's harvest. What you see is quite
00:07:59unusual, because at this time of year the grapes shouldn't be
00:08:02this big. They are already very advanced, which means that for the
00:08:06first time in history we could harvest in August, not in
00:08:10September, as is usual. If
00:08:12you don't have time for Saint-Émilion or a wine tour is
00:08:16too expensive, here's a tip: stop by
00:08:19Maison du Vin in the very center of Bordeaux. Here you can
00:08:23taste different wines for a price of only 2.5 euros per
00:08:26glass. Stéphanie Cinoke from the Bordeaux Supérieur winemakers' association
00:08:30is working on strategies that would
00:08:33help producers to adapt wine production to
00:08:36climate change. If temperatures rise by a few
00:08:39more degrees, some grape varieties like Merlot or
00:08:43Cabernet could over-ripen. More sunlight
00:08:46means a higher percentage of alcohol in the wine, and at the same time,
00:08:50consumers are increasingly looking for wines with less alcohol, so
00:08:53we are thinking about how to adapt both grape varieties and
00:08:57at the same time preserve what is characteristic of
00:09:00Bordeaux wines. And when you cross the Garonne, you'll find
00:09:04a different creative side of Bordeaux and the Darwin Ecosystem
00:09:07cultural center, located in a former barracks where there
00:09:11are a skatepark, street art galleries, a
00:09:14co-working space, vintage clothing stores, and much
00:09:18more. This was one of my favorite places while I was
00:09:21studying, it's still one of the best places to discover the younger
00:09:25and more alternative side of the city. In the complex
00:09:29there's also a wine project I haven't seen before, La Micro
00:09:33Winery. The owners here produce small quantities of wine
00:09:36practically in the city itself, using sustainable
00:09:39methods. In their workshops, you can make
00:09:43your own wine blend and take a bottle
00:09:46home. The experience costs around 80
00:09:49euros.
00:09:51And now let's go to the other side of the Garonne to the Le
00:09:55Chartrons district. Along the quays and in the surrounding
00:09:58streets, négociants,
00:10:01wine merchants who bought, stored,
00:10:04blended wines, and then shipped them all over the world, once
00:10:08operated. This area was long considered
00:10:11neglected, but in recent into a modern
00:10:14district.
00:10:19After so many years, I rediscovered a completely different side
00:10:23of Bordeaux. Climate change affects
00:10:25the vineyards, but also the wines people want to drink,
00:10:28but if you only had one day in Bordeaux, where
00:15:17Canaria has a problem, overtourism. Local
00:15:21residents are facing a shortage of housing
00:15:25and deteriorating infrastructure. What are
00:15:28the possible solutions? Gran Canaria is one of
00:15:31the most popular Canary Islands. Sun, beach
00:15:34and sea attract mainly tourists from colder parts of Northern
00:15:37Europe year after year. In July
00:15:412025, the island broke a record, hosting
00:15:45a million tourists in just one month, which is more than
00:15:48the island's total population. Tourism is important for Gran
00:15:52Canaria's economy, but local residents are protesting
00:15:55more and more often. What has been done to solve
00:15:59this problem? Besides bringing us income, tourism also accounts
00:16:02for almost half of all jobs in Gran
00:16:05Canaria.
00:16:10If the government doesn't do something, activist groups will shut down
00:16:13the Canary Islands and call for a general strike to
00:16:17force the authorities to change the existing tourism
00:16:19model. Jonathan Messa Cabrera, born
00:16:23in Gran Canaria and living in Las Palmas, is a member of the activist
00:16:26network Derecho al Techo or the right to a roof over one's
00:16:30head. A large number of tourists has led to an increase
00:16:33in the number of holiday apartments and a lack of affordable housing
00:16:42for local residents. Tourism is the only real source of wealth in the Canary Islands, so
00:16:46we are somehow forced to accept everything that comes with
00:16:50it. This means minimal earnings, expensive housing and already
00:16:53overloaded
00:16:55environment.
00:16:59Even in the quiet neighborhood of La Isleta, where mostly
00:17:02locals live and where Jonathan's family is from, it seems that
00:17:06tourists are increasingly occupying space.
00:17:09Here's another example of these new extremes. An old garage
00:17:13has been converted into an apartment that costs about
00:17:15100 euros per month.
00:17:17A garage.
00:17:20Politicians do not see this situation as particularly
00:17:23serious. The authorities say they are aware of the problem and that
00:17:27they have the situation under control.
00:17:30The truth is, in more touristy areas, the situation
00:17:34is becoming increasingly complicated. So complicated that even
00:17:37workers in the tourism sector find it difficult to find housing, but I am
00:17:41convinced that the tourism industry is not the problem, but part
00:17:44of the solution.
00:17:47In a bold move, the Spanish government removed about
00:17:5086,000
00:17:53illegal holiday apartments across the country from online
00:17:56platforms, almost 14,000 of them in Gran Canaria. Many of
00:18:00these illegal properties are now rented out by rooms, and when we
00:18:04asked the government of the Canary Islands not to issue new permits
00:18:07for tourist apartment rentals, it once again
00:18:10showed that it has no real intention of controlling the current number
00:18:14of tourist
00:18:15apartments.
00:18:24In the northwest of the island, local authorities have also started
00:18:27to address problems caused by overtourism in
00:18:31the municipality of Agaete. In 2025,
00:18:34new rules came into force for beaches and
00:18:38promenades. Smoking, using electronic
00:18:42cigarettes, as well as loud music, barbecuing
00:18:45in public areas, and collecting stones or
00:18:48shells are prohibited. Violations are subject to fines of up to
00:18:523,000 euros. Ecotourism in Gran Canaria offers
00:18:55another alternative. The organic farm Redondo de
00:18:59Guayra is located near Agaete
00:19:02in the heart of the biosphere reserve. This farm
00:19:05can accommodate a maximum of five guests, overtourism
00:19:09is not a problem here, however, such peace comes
00:19:13at a price. A couple with a child pays about 300 euros
00:19:17per night. The resort manager Alvaro
00:19:20Estevez believes that the future of tourism is secure only if
00:19:23it becomes more sustainable. In the end, for this kind of tourism
00:19:27to continue and be sustainable, we need travelers who appreciate
00:19:31accommodation that is more in line with the local environment and principles
00:19:34of sustainability, who are willing to pay more, because such
00:19:38an approach implies additional
00:19:40costs.
00:19:47The tension between economic benefits and sustainability continues
00:19:50to pose a challenge. Nevertheless, Gran Canaria, with all its
00:19:54diversity, represents a true holiday paradise.
00:20:08Genene left the United States and moved
00:20:11to Lisbon, the capital of Portugal. The main
00:20:15reason: Donald Trump and the political climate in
00:20:18America. And now we will see how she
00:20:20adapted. I'm Genene, I'm from New York, I grew up in
00:20:24Atlanta, and last year, with my husband, I moved to
00:20:27Lisbon, mainly because of Trump. This morning, Genene is going
00:20:31grocery shopping. For her, it represents a daily
00:20:34challenge. Namely, Lisbon's supermarkets
00:20:38are very different from those in the United States, in terms of
00:20:41size, options, and of course, products. Here
00:20:45there are a lot of American products, but the ingredients are different.
00:20:48They probably removed what is not regulated by European
00:20:52Union regulations, which is a lot of things. Many products here have a health rating,
00:20:56while in the United States that's not important
00:20:59at all. Genene is happy about that, but
00:21:03her shopping problem is actually the slower
00:21:05pace. At first, I was quite
00:21:09agitated, I was very, very frustrated. I had that
00:21:13urge in me, go, go, go. I kept asking myself, why
00:21:17is it taking so long? However, for her, a big plus is that the
00:21:20food here is cheaper than in the United States. However, what is
00:21:24expensive is real estate, especially considering
00:21:27local incomes. Lisbon is
00:21:30the most unaffordable city in Europe. Renting a 10-square-meter
00:21:33apartment costs around 1600
00:21:37euros, which is slightly less than 2,000 dollars. Genene and
00:21:41her husband work remotely, she's studying so they currently live off
00:21:45his income. My husband and I are
00:21:48African Americans, because of all the increasing police violence,
00:21:52especially after 2020,
00:21:54when violence against unarmed black people sharply
00:21:58increased, but because of Trump's cooperation with police
00:22:01unions that work to exempt police from
00:22:04accountability for such crimes, I felt like a second-class
00:22:08citizen, as if my life wasn't worth
00:22:11much.
00:22:23This was filmed when we first came to Portugal, that's when we
00:22:26realized we wanted to move
00:22:28here.
00:22:31She never even thought she would leave the United
00:22:34States, so the move was really hard.
00:22:37pala.
00:22:39I always thought the United States would be my home, that I would
00:22:43settle there. However, that is no longer
00:22:46the case.
00:22:50Genene is getting ready for a Pilates class in Portuguese. Although
00:22:53she still doesn't speak the language well, for now she uses apps and
00:22:57tries to be in contact with Portuguese as much as possible in her daily life.
00:23:12Since her language skills are still very limited, Genene has
00:23:15decided to start a course
00:23:25speaks English.
00:23:29For Genene, Lisbon is the right place. Now her priority is to
00:23:32improve her Portuguese and make more local
00:23:36friends. Staying in Lisbon brings peace and
00:23:39tranquility. Since I've been here, it's like a weight has been
00:23:43lifted off my chest, I feel
00:23:44relieved.
00:24:51It's a hot humid night as the team sets out on the lookout for
00:24:55the creatures that hide in the
00:24:57rainforest.
00:25:00The biologistts spot a baby
00:25:02alligator
00:25:04which immediately calls for its
00:25:06mother.
00:25:11The deeper they venture into the Amazon, the more its extraordinary
00:25:15biodiversity reveals
00:25:17itself.
00:25:25At first it feels uncomfortable being in the forest at night, you get used
00:25:29to it, but seeing the animals, that's an amazing
00:25:32feeling every single
00:25:34time.
00:25:43It's become the base of operations for
00:25:45biologist,
00:25:48field laboratory in the middle of a... fast and unpredictable
00:25:57whether and how reptiles can adapt to climate
00:26:00change, or whether they're doomed. to disappear forever,
00:26:04the team has set traps throughout the
00:26:06forest,
00:26:12we're trying to understand what will happen to species in the future,
00:26:16if co2 emissions and temperatures keep
00:26:18rising, i sometimes call this crystal
00:26:22ball research, work where we hope many of our
00:26:44team who are never alone as they move through the
00:26:47forest.
00:26:50what's that? tarantula. wow, that's
00:26:53huge.
00:26:59the amazon basin is home to around 200. 30
00:27:02amphibian species and 270 reptile
00:27:06species, likely more. Without these
00:27:09little mosquito eaters, viruses and diseases would
00:27:12spread faster and further.
00:27:16There are strict regulations on which animals the scientists are allowed to
00:27:20take from the forest to study. Unlike
00:27:23us, cold blooded creatures body temperatures depend
00:27:26entirely on their environment. When it gets
00:27:29warmer, they get warmer, making them especially vulnerable to climate change.
00:27:32beautiful and elegant. Isn't he beautiful and elegant? He's not
00:27:36a typical tree frog, otherwise he would have jumped far away by
00:27:40now.
00:27:43The scientists exposed the cold blooded animals to different
00:27:47temperatures, testing how their bodies react to heat and
00:27:50cold, and whether their behavior
00:27:52changes.
00:27:57These lively snakes are highly venomous and eager
00:28:01escape. 'the men seem remarkably
00:28:04fearless.
00:28:07who says research isn't
00:28:09exciting?
00:28:14caught at last.
00:28:16i almost broke a sweat there. you do get a bit nervous, but it's also
00:28:20really cool. since i was 17 or 18 i've been tattooing
00:28:24snakes on my body. they reflect my life and my past, my life
00:28:28project.
00:28:32there's good reason to believe that as temperatures rise, these
00:28:35animals move less, raising fears that they won't eat,
00:28:39won't mate, and will gradually die out if they can't
00:28:42adap.
00:28:46the team expects results in about three
00:28:48years. they're building a unique
00:28:51biodiversity library, accessible to scientists
00:28:55around the world, as Fernanda
00:29:04global north, from temperate regions, but the biggest
00:29:08climate impacts are expected
00:29:09here,
00:29:12losing these species, many of which we don't even know yet, would be an
00:29:15enormous loss for humanity as a
00:29:17whole,
00:29:20fernanda believes knowledge shouldn't stay behind closed lab
00:29:24doors, quite the opposite, she and her team
00:29:27want to share their discoveries, concerns and joys
00:29:30with the people who live along the...
00:29:3332 families live in the community of villa de
00:29:36ciao, they too have to cop with the rising heat and the
00:29:40droughts caused by a climate crisis they didn't
00:29:43create. the team has brought along a collection of
00:29:47reptiles and amphibians, and everyone here is curious to
00:29:51experience them close up, even
00:29:54babies.
00:29:58seeing these animals and learning to value them, recognizing how
00:30:01important they are, I think that's truly enriching for us, in a
00:30:05word, simply gratitude.
00:30:08After the special lesson, the children take a solemn
00:30:11oath.
00:30:15I promise to be a protector of the Amazon and of biodiversity, they
00:30:19say, and guardian of the
00:30:21climate.
00:30:25Will their voices be
00:30:28the world echo them? Fernando
00:30:31hopes her works. speaks of the future, not the
00:30:34past.
00:30:37i'm an optimist because i believe we still have time to get
00:30:40involved and to do
00:30:42something.
00:30:47these little creatures don't need any protection. ticks have been
00:30:50around so long, they probably play dinosaurs and
00:30:54they're nothing if not