Google Cloud Speech-to-Text API (Chirp) + Gemini 2.5 Flash Non-Thinking. Treat it as a searchable index of what was broadcast, not a quotation record.
00:00:04in this supermarket, Yuval can get everything he needs from kosher
00:00:07food. The word kosher in Hebrew means correct, it means that the food
00:00:11is prepared according to religious rules. Rules about
00:00:14Kosher diet are described in the Torah, the holy book of
00:00:17Judaism. For example, pork is forbidden. In Berlin,
00:00:20there are about 35,000 Jews. Many who wear a kippah
00:00:24cover it in public. Since October 7, 23,
00:00:27anti-Semitism is on the rise worldwide. In Germany, too, but
00:00:31Yuval has always covered his kippah. In
00:00:34public, I wear a hat over my kippah because I don't want it to be seen that I'm
00:00:37wearing it. There have been many anti-Semitic incidents and that
00:00:41poses a certain risk. I myself have had several such
00:00:45experiences. So, I do it for security
00:00:48reasons. I feel more comfortable when people can't immediately
00:00:51see that I am Jewish. That I am
00:00:55Jewish.
00:01:00For Shabbat, he prepares traditional pita bread,
00:01:03although most Jews make challah, using
00:01:06flour, sugar, salt, yeast, water, and several secret
00:01:10ingredients.
00:01:13It's a family recipe, so I can't
00:01:15reveal it.
00:01:18Not all Jews strictly adhere to kosher rules,
00:01:21but for Yuval, it's important to respect them. That's how he grew up, and
00:01:25it reminds him to live
00:01:26more consciously.
00:01:29For me, being Jewish means adhering to the fundamental principles
00:01:33of Judaism, for example, treating everyone with
00:01:36respect, but it also means being part of
00:01:39a community.
00:01:46It's safe to say that Yuval is a true master of pita bread.
00:01:50Throwing the dough in the air helps him to spread it evenly and make it
00:01:53airy. He prepares a larger quantity for families on the eve of Shabbat, because
00:01:57cooking is forbidden on that day, and this bread can last for several days. Shabbat
00:02:01in Hebrew means rest, it begins at sunset on Friday and
00:02:05ends at sunset on Saturday. Before eating
00:02:08hummus, Yuval blesses the bread and thanks
00:02:11God.
00:02:17Delicious. Berlin has over 750
00:02:21years of Jewish history, but it was also the scene of horrific
00:02:24crimes. About 12,000 embedded
00:02:27plates, known as Stolperstein or stumbling
00:02:30stones, mark the last known addresses of victims, a sign of
00:02:34remembrance for those who were persecuted and killed by the Nazis. For a Jew,
00:02:38Berlin is a unique city. For me, being Jewish in Berlin means
00:02:43And now the question on everyone's living in one of the largest Jewish communities in Germany,
00:02:47practice our faith and live in accordance with our
00:02:50beliefs. Of course, history is still visible in many
00:02:53places, like what happened during
00:02:56the Holocaust, not only to Jews, but to all other victims.
00:03:00what happened in the Holocaust,
00:03:03Um, so all of not only to Jewish people, but generally to the victims of the Holocaust.
00:03:06This is a constant reminder, yet
00:03:10it is nice to see that the victims are not
00:03:11forgotten.
00:03:16At home, Yuval meets with his friend Noam to read
00:03:20the Torah, or more precisely, to
00:03:21sing.
00:03:28How often do you pray?
00:03:31In Judaism, there are usually three prayers during
00:03:34the day: one in the morning, one at noon or in the afternoon, and one
00:03:38in the evening. For me, it is especially important during
00:03:41Shabbat. Then we also have a fourth additional prayer, so
00:03:44we usually go to
00:03:45synagogue.
00:03:49Whenever he can, Yuval meets friends in the evening to play
00:03:52soccer. He has friends of different faiths and beliefs,
00:03:56but when it comes to finding a partner, does she have to be Jewish?
00:04:03One could say that it is desirable to have a Jewish
00:04:06partner. For me, this is very important, especially because
00:04:10Judaism is passed down through the mother. I want my children
00:04:13to grow up as Jews and be raised according to
00:04:16the woman and it is personally important to me that my children
00:04:20also grow up Jewish, grow up with the
00:04:23traditions and are also raised that way. It is also important
00:04:26for Yuval to live within the Jewish community.
00:04:32That was my day, I had a great time and I hope you liked what you saw,
00:04:35enjoy the rest of your day,
00:04:43the most famous wines in the world, but climate
00:04:47change is affecting this region, and more
00:04:49importantly, the wine.
00:04:52Bordeaux is located in the southwest of France, not far from
00:04:56the Atlantic Ocean. For centuries, this city has served
00:04:59as a gateway for wines from this
00:05:03region. While I was studying, I lived
00:05:06a roller in Bordeaux for a while, so coming back to it means a lot to me. Back then, I was constantly crossing
00:05:10the Garonne.
00:05:12But I never thought that this very river
00:05:16was responsible for the fame of Bordeaux wines. The Garonne River is
00:05:19the cradle of Bordeaux wine trade. Wine
00:05:23has been shipped from here since the Middle
00:05:25Ages.
00:05:28If you really want to understand the world of wine,
00:05:31visit the Cite du Vin. This building is
00:05:34one of the most impressive landmarks of the city, and its
00:05:38architecture resembles the swirling of wine in
00:05:41a glass. The museum presents everything related to the culture
00:05:44and history of wine, not only in Bordeaux, but all over
00:05:48the world. Almost everything in the exhibition is interactive and
00:05:51interesting.
00:05:54My favorite part is the five senses buffet. Have you ever
00:05:57wondered how wine lovers always manage to detect
00:06:01certain smells and tastes that no one else notices?
00:06:05Here you can train your
00:06:07senses.
00:06:13Saint-Émilion is located about 40 km
00:06:17east of Bordeaux. The city and the surrounding vineyards are listed as a
00:06:21UNESCO World Heritage site and represent one of
00:06:24the most famous wine regions in France. In its
00:06:27center is a monolithic church carved into the limestone
00:06:31rock. In the 12th century, Benedictine
00:06:34monks founded a monastery here and helped
00:06:37develop the now famous vineyards. This is one of
00:06:40the most beautiful places one can visit in Bordeaux, but I'm not
00:06:44here just for the postcard-perfect views, I want to see
00:06:48what's happening in the vineyards, because the consequences
00:06:51of climate change are most clearly visible here. I'm participating
00:06:55in an electric bike tour organized by Rustic
00:06:58Aweems. It's a more active, environmentally friendly option than
00:07:02driving a car, and the route takes us straight through
00:07:05the vineyards. The landscape we are passing through is increasingly
00:07:08affected by climate change. Hotter summers and
00:07:11unpredictable rainfall disrupt the usual schedule of work
00:07:15in the vineyards. Here are the young grape clusters of this year's
00:07:19harvest. What you see is quite unusual, because at this
00:07:22time of year, the grapes should not be this developed. Now they are
00:07:26already very advanced, which means that for the first time in
00:07:29history, the harvest could take place in August, not in September, as is
00:07:33usual. If you don't have time for Saint-Émilion
00:07:36or the wine tour is too expensive, here's a
00:07:40tip: stop by Maison du Vin in the very
00:07:43center of Bordeaux. Here you can taste different wines for
00:07:46only 2.5 euros per glass. Stephanie Cinoco
00:07:50from the Bordeaux Supérieur winemakers' association
00:07:54is working on strategies that would help producers to adapt
00:07:57wine production to climate change. If
00:08:00temperatures rise by a few more degrees, some grape varieties
00:08:03like Merlot or Cabernet could
00:08:06overripen. More sunshine means a higher percentage
00:08:10of alcohol in the wine. At the same time...
00:08:12Consumers are increasingly looking for wines with less alcohol, so
00:08:16we are thinking about how to adapt both grape varieties and at the same time
00:08:19preserve what is characteristic of Bordeaux
00:08:23wines. And when you cross the Garonne, a different
00:08:26creative side of Bordeaux awaits you, and the cultural center Darwin
00:08:30ecosystem, located in a former barracks, where there are skate
00:08:34parks, street art galleries, a co-working
00:08:37space, vintage clothing stores, and much
00:08:40more. This was one of my favorite places when I was
00:08:44studying. It is still one of the best places to get to know the younger
00:08:47and more alternative side of the city. The complex
00:08:51also has a wine project I've never seen before, La Micro
00:08:55Winery. Owners here produce small quantities of wine
00:08:58practically in the city itself, using sustainable
00:09:01methods. In their workshops, you can make
00:09:05your own wine blend and take a bottle
00:09:08home. The experience costs about 80 euros.
00:09:14And now let's go to the other side of the Garonne to the Chartrons
00:09:17district. Along the quays and in the surrounding
00:09:20streets, négociants used to operate,
00:09:24wine merchants who bought, stored,
00:09:27blended wines, and then shipped them around the world. This
00:09:30area was long considered neglected, but in recent
00:09:34years it has transformed into a modern
00:09:36district.
00:09:42I rediscovered a completely different side of Bordeaux.
00:09:46Climate change affects vineyards, but also the wines
00:09:49people want to drink. If you had only
00:09:52one day in Bordeaux, where
00:14:39overtourism. The local population faces
00:14:43a lack of housing and increasingly poor
00:14:47infrastructure. What are the possible solutions? Gran
00:14:50Canaria is one of the most popular Canary
00:14:53Islands. Sun, beaches, and sea attract mostly tourists
00:14:57from colder parts of Northern Europe year after year. In July
00:15:002025, the island
00:15:03broke a record, hosting a million tourists in just
00:15:07one month, which is more than the total population of the island.
00:15:11Tourism is important for the economy of Gran Canaria, but the local
00:15:14population is increasingly protesting. What has
00:15:18been done to solve this problem? Besides bringing us
00:15:21income, tourism is also
00:15:46lives in Las Palmas, he is a member of the activist network Derejo
00:15:50Alteho or the right to a roof over one's head. A large
00:15:54number of tourists has led to an increase in the number of holiday
00:15:57apartments and a lack of affordable housing for the local
00:16:00population.
00:16:05Tourism is the only real source of wealth in the Canary Islands, so
00:16:08we are somehow forced to accept everything it brings with
00:16:12it. This means minimal earnings, expensive housing, and an already
00:16:16overloaded
00:16:17environment.
00:16:21Even in the quiet district of La Isleta, where mostly
00:16:24locals live, and where Jonathan's family is from, it seems
00:16:28that tourists are increasingly taking up space.
00:16:32Here's another example of these new extremes. An old garage
00:16:35has been converted into an apartment that costs around 1100
00:16:39euros per month, a garage.
00:16:43Politicians do not see this situation as particularly
00:16:46serious. Authorities say they are aware of the problem and are
00:16:49keeping the situation under control.
00:16:52It is true that in more tourist areas, the situation
00:16:56is becoming more complicated, so complicated that even
00:16:59workers in the tourism sector have difficulty finding housing. But
00:17:03I am convinced that the tourism industry is not the problem, but
00:17:06part of the solution.
00:17:09In a bold move, the Spanish government removed around
00:17:1386,000
00:17:15illegal holiday apartments across the country from online
00:17:19platforms, of which almost 14,000 were in Gran Canaria.
00:17:23Many of these illegal properties are now rented by the room. And when we asked
00:17:26the government of the Canary Islands not to issue new permits
00:17:30for tourist rentals of apartments, it once again
00:17:33showed that it has no real intention of controlling the current number
00:17:36of tourists.
00:17:46In the northwest of the island, local authorities have also started
00:17:50to address the problems caused by overtourism. In
00:17:53the municipality of Agaete, in 2025,
00:17:57new rules for beaches and promenades came into
00:18:00force. Smoking, the use of electronic
00:18:04cigarettes, as well as loud music, grilling
00:18:08in public areas, and collecting stones or
00:18:11shells are prohibited. Violations are subject to fines of up to
00:18:143,000 euros. Ecotourism in Gran Canaria offers
00:18:17another alternative. The organic farm Redondo de
00:18:21Guayra is located not far from Agaete
00:18:24in the heart of the Biosphere Reserve. This farm
00:18:28can accommodate a maximum of 50 guests. Overtourism is not
00:18:31a problem here. However, such peace comes
00:18:35at a price. A couple with a child pays around 300 euros per
00:18:39night. The resort manager Alvaro STV
00:18:43believes that the future of tourism is only secure if it becomes
00:18:46more sustainable. Ultimately, for this kind of tourism to continue
00:18:50and be sustainable, we need travelers who appreciate accommodation
00:18:54that is more aligned with the local environment and principles
00:18:57of sustainability, who are willing to pay more, because such
00:19:00an approach implies additional
00:19:02costs.
00:19:09The tension between economic benefits and sustainability still
00:19:13presents a challenge. Nevertheless, Gran Canaria, with all its diversity,
00:19:16represents a true holiday paradise.
00:19:30Jenna left the United States and moved
00:19:34to Lisbon, the capital of Portugal. The main reason was
00:19:38Donald Trump and the political climate in America. And now we will
00:19:42see how she adapted. I am
00:19:44Genene, I'm from New York, I grew up in Atlanta, and last
00:19:47year my husband and I moved to Lisbon, mainly
00:19:51because of Trump. This morning, Genene goes grocery shopping. For
00:19:55her, it represents a daily challenge. Namely, Lisbon's
00:19:58supermarkets are very different from those in the United
00:20:02States. In terms of size, options, and
00:20:05of course, products.
00:20:07there are a lot of American products, but the ingredients are different, they probably
00:20:11removed what is not regulated by EU
00:20:14regulations, that's a lot of things, many products here have a health rating,
00:20:18while in the United States it doesn't matter
00:20:21at all. Jenee is happy about that, but
00:20:25her problem with shopping is actually the slower
00:20:28pace. At first I was quite
00:20:32upset, I was very, very frustrated. I had that drive in me,
00:20:35go, go. I wondered, why does it take so
00:20:39long? However, for her, a big plus is that food here is cheaper than
00:20:43in the United States. However, what is
00:20:46expensive is real estate, especially considering
00:20:50local incomes. Lisbon is the most unaffordable city in
00:20:54Europe. Renting an apartment of 10 square meters
00:20:58costs around 1600 euros, which is slightly less than
00:21:01$2. Genene and her husband work
00:21:04remotely. She is studying, so they are currently living off his
00:21:07income. My husband and I are
00:21:10African Americans. Due to the increasing police brutality, especially after
00:21:132020 when violence against
00:21:17unarmed Black people sharply increased, and because of Trump's
00:21:20cooperation with police unions who work to exempt police
00:21:24from accountability for such crimes,
00:21:27I felt like a second-class citizen, as if my life
00:21:30wasn't worth much. This was filmed when we first came
00:21:45to Portugal. Then we realized that
00:21:49she had never thought that she would
00:21:53leave the United States, so the move was really
00:21:57difficult for her.
00:21:59I always thought that the United
00:22:01States would be my home, that I would settle there.
00:22:05However, that is no longer the case.
00:22:08Genene is getting ready for a Pilates class in
00:22:12Portuguese. Although she still doesn't speak the language well,
00:22:15for now she uses apps and tries to
00:22:19be in contact with Portuguese as much as possible in everyday life.
00:22:34Since her language skills are still very limited, Jenna decided
00:22:38to take a course
00:22:39soon.
00:22:46But for now, she still often speaks English.
00:22:51For Genene, Lisbon is the right place. Now her priority is to
00:22:55improve her Portuguese and make more local
00:22:58friends. Staying in Lisbon brings peace and
00:23:01tranquility. Since I've been here, it's like a weight has been lifted
00:23:05off my chest, I feel
00:23:06relieved.
00:24:47Yeah, absolutely. I think... it is huge, it's it makes a big difference for the family to know that this has being
00:24:51taken seriously at that level, but what we need to see
00:24:54is uh willingness uh from him to put his full political weight behind
00:24:58it. now i'm not going to go in there and start demanding things because he has been
00:25:01championing my parents and he's done so publicly a couple of
00:25:05times um but what i need to see is him to embody this you know take
00:25:08this on personally um and ultimately get the results that we're looking for right
00:25:12which are quite simple it's arbitrary detention uh which leads on quite
00:25:15nicely to diplomatic protection we've seen these been
00:25:19utilized and these tools been used before um and we
00:25:22know they make a difference so it's a case of let's get some concrete answers
00:25:26if it's not you're not going to call it arb trenton why not we need those
00:25:29answers um you're willing to call it unjustifiable and
00:25:33appalling we needed to go a step further because then it becomes a state to
00:25:37state problem and i think that's where it needs to be doing last time we spoke you weren't
00:25:41really talking to your mom and craig very much but you've had few phone calls over recent weeks they
00:25:45know that you have this meeting with ed today and they they got to message that they want you to
00:25:49deliver on their behalf yeah - i say gratefully i managed to speak to my mom
00:25:52now three times in
00:25:56monday um means the world to us means the world to me
00:25:59means the world to her but "they know I'm here, they knew I was here last week, um,
00:26:03they understand to an extent what the campaign is trying to
00:26:06achieve and what we're trying to do, obviously they can't see the full thing, um,
00:26:10but their message, and it's the same as what we've been saying is, we we need courage
00:26:14from Ed Miller Band for him to call a spade a spade, everybody knows that
00:26:17my parents are hostages, um, so we need him to take action and they want it too. All right,
00:26:21well listen, Joe, good luck in there, we'll talk to you when you come out to to
00:26:25find out what happened in that meeting, but we'll let you go, meet your legal team and go in, thank
00:26:29you. hello, hello, how's it
00:26:41going? um,
00:26:44uh, they always come out of those frustrated, right? i think the points
00:26:48that we try to make resonated with him, we're not going to get any decisive action
00:26:52today, um,
00:26:54so frustration is the one word i'd use to sum it up, because
00:26:58we everything that we do, they're is valid
00:27:02points, the everybody in the room knows it's arbitrary
00:27:05detention and that was said openly, that was your key
00:27:08ask, wasn't it, that your mom and craig's
00:27:11attention was described as arbitrary by the foreign
00:27:14secretary, by the government,
00:27:17was there a promise in that room that that would
00:27:21happen? not a
00:27:24promise that it would happen, a promise that it's not off the table, at the core
00:27:28of this, my mom and Craig have asked for the government to recognize it for
00:27:32what it is. is um the
00:27:34argument from the government is that it puts them at risk, and again I come
00:27:38back and say, well, doing nothing or seemingly doing nothing and
00:27:41potentially leaving them in what could be another war zone is also a risk. So
00:27:45you have to balance this, right? Um, and I think that's where
00:27:49again, I'll go back to the word frustrating, is because we
00:27:52want unity and we want solidarity with the government and ultimately we want to work
00:27:56with them, but it still feels as though we're
00:27:58battling. Um, and that's not useful at all
00:28:02and it makes it difficult for when I speak to my mom
00:28:06and Craig, it makes it difficult then to try and relay something positive to them.
00:28:10It's worth reminding people why you want the term arbitrary
00:28:14used. First and foremost, because it's factual, right? Um,
00:28:17secondly, it elevates this, I believe, from a consular
00:28:21case and a welfare case in that we need to make sure they're okay, which is
00:28:25absolutely imperative, we do need to make sure you're okay. But
00:28:28arbitrary detention elevates this to a state-to-state
00:28:32level. "It also, I would, I believe, it's my opinion, that
00:28:36in them doing so, it would give a signal of intent
00:28:39to the Iranians that, okay, the British are taking this
00:28:42seriously. And furthermore, you, I speak to people on a
00:28:46day-to-day basis, there are some people who don't know about the situation. There are people who have
00:28:50their opinions. Um, and there are also people who probably think they are
00:28:53spies, right? But I think if the government come out and defend them and say
00:28:57this is arbitrary detention, they're hostages, that sort of eliminates that
00:29:00argument, and I think it gets a lot of people. The fence.
00:29:05these points we made in the meeting and the legal team are really, really good at
00:29:09highlighting the legalities. But I go back,
00:29:11it is, this is a wish of my mom and Craig, and these are the people who are experiencing the
00:29:15worst thing that could happen to somebody, um, and being
00:29:19detained in Iran. So they have to take that seriously. And you've seen the
00:29:22difference it can make, because I know that you're in touch with Nazanin Sakari
00:29:26Ratcliffe and her husband Richard Ratcliffe, and the term
00:29:30arbitrary was used by the UK government in her case, and you've heard firsthand from them
00:29:34the difference it made. I mean, obviously, she was
00:29:37eventually released, but when she was held in the same prison as your mom
00:29:41and Craig, the fact that she was referred to by that
00:29:45term helped her. Yeah, and you
00:29:47know, I, I, I thank Richard and Nazanin and Anoosheh, um,
00:29:51for, for, for being so supportive and welcoming and, and having conversations with us because it helps
00:29:55massively. Um, firstly, it shows that there is a happy
00:29:58ending. Um, but ultimately, the difference that
00:30:01it made to Nazanin. She said it was an improvement when, um, Jeremy
00:30:05Hunt did the diplomatic protection for Nazanin,
00:30:08her circumstances improved drastically. Um,
00:30:12it took a lot of courage for Jeremy to do that at the time. Like, it would take Ed
00:30:16a lot of courage to do the right thing here. But I think, as I
00:30:19say, the case was compelling enough, not that it needed any further explanation because it
00:30:23is a compelling case anyway, but I think we made the point very,
00:30:27very wholeheartedly, really. You know, ultimately, I'm, I'm
00:30:31home. That's the bottom. live: You've had a busy couple of weeks here in Westminster. You were
00:30:34here just last week for, for PMQs where a question was
00:30:38asked of the Prime Minister about Nazanin and Craig's case,
00:30:42and the Prime Minister responded to that question saying, "I agree that Nazanin and Craig's
00:30:45sentence is appalling and unjustifiable. We will continue to
00:30:49pursue the case relentlessly until they are
00:30:53safely returned
00:30:55home." The Foreign Office have also always
00:30:59said that health and...