Google Cloud Speech-to-Text API (Chirp) + Gemini 2.5 Flash Non-Thinking. Treat it as a searchable index of what was broadcast, not a quotation record.
00:00:00just
00:00:00led
00:00:08to Mayakovka, they fed them there,
00:00:12watered them, let them rest before the
00:00:15parade. This is separately to the question that even in the most
00:00:19difficult moments of the war, the Russian person always behaved
00:00:22humanely. Dad, I have an important question I want to ask, Alexey
00:00:26Konstantinovich, you said about these four years of father's struggle with...
00:00:48about Crimea, about the amnesty that was done, he
00:00:52always considered that he was a terrible enemy.
00:00:56When father was already old, well,
00:00:58cadets of the Ministry of Internal Affairs University
00:01:01supervised them. They
00:01:05came every
00:01:08May 9th to congratulate him. I remember
00:01:11the scene, I came to my father, the cadets were sitting, and
00:01:15it was already 2014, and he was telling them how to
00:01:19find
00:01:30marks 60 years since the founding of the Research Institute
00:01:33of Military History, Military Academy of the General Staff of the Armed Forces. Right
00:01:37after our program, watch Yuri
00:01:40Podkopayev's special report, historical troops about this unique
00:01:43institution. We remind you that we have an app, you
00:01:47see a QR code on the screen, point your
00:01:49camera, follow the link, everything is clear there,
00:01:53uh, when everything works out, you know, Zvezda is always near, it's
00:01:56already near, and now even more so, and there you can watch all episodes of the open broadcast,
00:02:00we remind you that we broadcast twice a day, from Monday to Thursday at
00:02:049:15 and
00:02:21History was appointed a member of the Central Committee of the CPSU, Pavel Zhilin,
00:02:24a front-line soldier who went through the entire war. Under him, in the early
00:02:27seventies, a separate building for the institute was built
00:02:30on Universitetsky Prospekt in Moscow. The construction was under the control
00:02:34of the Central Committee of the Party. As they say here, those who had lost by
00:02:37that time had already written their history of the Second World War. Now the winners
00:02:41had to do it. Historical rarities
00:02:44are kept deep in the institute's library,
00:02:47for example, captured maps of the General Staff of Hitler's
00:02:51Wehrmacht. You won't find such maps on the internet. The trump card of the institute
00:02:54is considered to be that people here don't work, they serve. This institute is part of
00:02:58the Academy of the General Staff, which means
00:03:02putting all cards on the table.
00:03:24Captured Wehrmacht maps were stored in the archives of the CPSU Central Committee. They
00:03:27were transferred to the institute when 12 volumes on
00:03:31World War II were being prepared here. Military
00:03:34historians read these arrows and circles like an open
00:03:38book. At that historical moment, the main forces
00:03:41were concentrated in the border zone,
00:03:44in the borderland, and it was not
00:03:47difficult for the enemy to strike
00:03:50and envelop our groupings. When they were
00:03:54transferred to the Institute of Military History, our
00:03:58historians first... you saw how
00:04:01the enemy's reconnaissance operated. Senior
00:04:04researcher at the Institute Vladimir Fesenko folds a captured
00:04:08map from forty-one and unfolds a Wehrmacht map from forty-three
00:04:12before the Battle of Kursk. This is already a scientific
00:04:15work, its beginning. The result of research work at
00:04:19the institute is considered to be the publication of a book, which bears not only the author's
00:04:22name, but also the name of this citadel, the Institute
00:04:26of Military History of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.
00:05:03His science
00:05:04of winning.
00:05:14such tanks from Norofaminsk
00:05:16went into the breakthrough, that's why it's here,
00:05:19the machine is originally Czech,
00:05:23used by the German army, our sappers
00:05:26mined the highway to Akulova, some of these tanks
00:05:29were blown to atoms, and the Germans were driven into the lowlands, forced
00:05:33to retreat, shelled with artillery, and eventually forced them
00:05:37to withdraw, meaning it was a war that was also very tactically
00:05:40competent. Senior...
00:06:42his organizational skills and writing talent led him to the Institute of Military History,
00:06:46where he defended his doctorate on the influence of atmospheric fronts on combat
00:06:50operations, including the contribution of military meteorologists to the preparation
00:06:53of the main parade of forty-one. How
00:06:57Soviet aviation meteorologists developed a forecast
00:07:00ten days in advance. This is a military
00:07:04labor feat. As a practicing hydrometeorologist, I
00:07:08still don't understand how they managed to do it. This brilliant forecast
00:07:12came true, and it came true just in time. The expected
00:07:15difficult weather conditions occurred literally hours before the parade began.
00:07:31This geographical point is
00:07:35where the war turned
00:07:38back. Let's just say, Vladimirovich, these words
00:07:41of yours about Moscow,
00:07:50where our ancestors stood to the death, not allowing
00:07:54the enemy to break through to the capital. That's how it
00:07:57was. And these words at the symbolic milepost
00:08:01in front of the main temple of the armed forces were written by leading researcher
00:08:05Vladimir Ovchinnikov, and approved by the Minister
00:08:08of Defense.
00:08:17The company creating the multimedia museum complex "Road of Memory"
00:08:21asked the head of the expert group of the Institute of Military
00:08:24History to approve every step they took, every
00:08:27hall, every exhibit. I am impressed by
00:08:30this tankman. Sergeant Grigory on his BT-7 tank
00:08:33knocked out 12 enemy tanks. He acted, of course,
00:08:36very skillfully, knocked out only three tanks, changed position, another three
00:08:40tanks, and thus disabled almost the entire unit. This
00:08:44allowed our troops to retreat in an organized manner
00:08:48and prepare the defense of the city. And most importantly, he
00:08:51went through the entire Great Patriotic War, I see. This part
00:08:54of the gallery tells about such people.
00:08:58The church involvement of Northern Fleet submariner Vladimir Ovchinnikov
00:09:01helped the naval officer on long voyages and came to define
00:09:05his specialization at the Institute of Military History. During
00:09:08the construction of the main temple of the armed forces, the leading researcher
00:09:12essentially became an advisor to the chief architect of the project, Dmitry
00:09:15Smirnov. It was not without divine
00:09:18providence. The most famous artists and sculptors were involved
00:09:21in the work on the temple's design. These are Dashi
00:09:25Namdakov, Salavat Shcherbakov, Vasily
00:09:28Nesterenko. Here, on the
00:09:31icon of the patron of the Navy, Nicholas the Wonderworker, there
00:09:34is a mosaic panel above, a story where
00:09:38Nicholas the Wonderworker saves a drowning man. I told
00:09:41Vasily: "The temple is a military one, hang the St. Andrew's flag on the gaff
00:09:45and let him save a Russian sailor." And Vasily
00:09:48listened. The main temple of the armed forces was consecrated for
00:09:52the 75th anniversary of victory. Five years later, the historical
00:09:55special forces were given another state task: to
00:09:59help create a new exhibition for May 9th
00:10:03in the Central Victory Museum in a couple of months, to make it
00:10:06historically accurate
00:10:07and modern.
00:10:16We already had experience after the creation of the exposition, when the museum director
00:10:20offered us to conduct tours on one of the Sundays, to participate in
00:10:24tours here.
00:11:00The head of the Institute of Military History, Ivan
00:11:03Basik, and I are sitting on chairs from Marshal
00:11:06Zhukov's office. The colonel is leading historical battles invisible to the world,
00:11:10and not only on his own territory, but abroad.
00:11:14He recently returned from Vietnam.
00:11:18The result of cooperation with Vietnam was a joint Russian-Vietnamese
00:11:20work. It will state that the role
00:11:24of our advisors, military advisors who participated in
00:11:27the war, the role of the Soviet Union, is difficult to overestimate,
00:11:30because, of course, Vietnam would not have withstood the American pressure. One of
00:11:34the lines of defense of military history here is the study
00:11:37of foreign school textbooks. This is how they identify
00:11:41where all sorts of historical
00:11:43fakes come from. Many countries of the near abroad, former
00:11:47Warsaw Pact countries, say that the Soviet army should have
00:11:51stopped at the border, at the Romanian border and beyond.
00:12:25The institute's department in St. Petersburg is quartered right next to history in
00:12:29the General Staff building with a view of Palace
00:12:32Square, next to the headquarters of the Leningrad
00:12:35Military District, under the dome with the standard
00:12:38of the district commander is the General Staff Library,
00:12:41established in 1811. There is already a solid
00:12:45bookshelf with the works of the department.
00:12:48St. Petersburg is so valuable for military history that here
00:12:52the institute has its own department. The General
00:12:55Staff Library is the most atmospheric in the country and is constantly replenished
00:12:58with new books from our researchers. If we talk about
00:13:02our already perhaps twenty-volume project Leningrad War
00:13:05Blockade, Battle for Leningrad, I would like to highlight the book "Life
00:13:09of the City," in which we moved away from military
00:13:12operations, we showed the life of citizens
00:13:15in the city. One of the articles of this book is called: "We
00:13:19ate everything that could be eaten."
00:13:22And a subsection of this article.
00:13:25Fresh goosefoot in Eliseevsky store. We
00:13:29asked St. Petersburg artist Olga
00:13:32Zaitseva to draw these plants. Spreading
00:13:35goosefoot, shepherd's purse, common
00:13:38reed. At the same time, there are plants here that
00:13:42could not be eaten. Next up is the work of commanders of the Age
00:13:45of Catherine the Great, with Generalissimo Suvorov at
00:13:48the head. Moreover, in the biography of our national hero, the final
00:13:51word rests with the institute of the Soviet era.
00:14:25bureau that the dot in Suvorov's biography has been placed,
00:14:28he was born on November 14, 1730.
00:14:32In
00:14:40the Academy of the General Staff, there is now an increased demand for
00:14:44higher military education, which includes fundamental military-historical
00:14:48training. The Institute of Military History at this stage
00:14:51is doing tremendous work, what does it consist of? It's
00:14:55military-historical works. Employees of the Institute of Military History
00:14:59today spend the lion's share of their time in archives.
00:15:02The materials developed in the archives, they form reference
00:15:05materials that are used today not
00:15:08only by students, but probably first of all by the faculty
00:15:12of the academy, who form educational and methodological materials. These are
00:15:15lectures, seminars, group practical
00:15:18classes. Students use the developed
00:15:21material not only for their self-preparation, but
00:15:25also for preparing for exams. Today, our military
00:15:29history is developing in a spiral, but
00:15:33it is important, it is important that students understand this, but at
00:15:36each stage of this development, they see the
00:15:40changes that are taking place in the state as a whole, in
00:15:43military science as a whole. Doctors
00:15:46of historical sciences, leading research institutes of the General Staff, are trained not only for our
00:15:50country. Foreign military applicants are currently writing three doctoral
00:15:53dissertations at the institute, and four times
00:15:56as many master's theses. Here, they know every figure concerning the Great Patriotic
00:16:00War. In this sense, their digitalization was carried out
00:16:03first here. And in total, our military historians study more than 200
00:16:06military conflicts, and this is already after World War II.
00:16:10This system is used by all military command bodies, all
00:16:14military educational institutions of the Ministry of Defense. The institute's
00:16:17electronic encyclopedia on military affairs in detail
00:16:21analyzes even Operation Cactus, in which Indian special forces
00:16:24helped the Maldives restore peace and prosperity in
00:16:28their coral state. Readers
00:16:31of these secret materials are far from only military historians.
00:16:34The first to appreciate the merits of this system was the Chief of the General
00:16:38Staff, who reviewed, so
00:16:42to speak, our developments, and we received approval. According to
00:16:46the head of the Institute of Military History, they are now deeply
00:16:49immersed in the study of the special military operation. In turn,
00:16:53our soldiers can immerse themselves in a military history textbook
00:16:57published by the departmental research institute in three versions: for
00:17:00soldiers, for cadets, and for officers. In the conclusion
00:17:04of the volume for cadets, it is stated: in peaceful years,
00:17:07people begin to think that the past has nothing to do
00:17:11with them. The exacerbation of political struggle
00:17:14forces every person, sometimes against their own
00:17:18will, to live in history and create history, and
00:17:21this is directly relevant to cadets, future
00:17:24officers of the Russian army.
00:17:53In Altai, not only cedars grow, but also businesses,
00:17:56where?
00:17:58And in a growing business, all thoughts are about accounting. For me, it's
00:18:02a dark forest. Accounting at T-Bank is more convenient than you are used to,
00:18:06trust us with the tax issues of your business, full immersion in
00:18:10business, T-Bank business and business is done, Phosphogliv
00:18:13reminds the liver is the best lie detector, you eat fatty foods,
00:18:17no, hmm, alcohol, no,
00:18:20you can deceive yourself, but not your liver, Phosphogliv, two components, double
00:18:24action, enhanced formula helps restore liver cells and
00:18:28eliminate the main cause of their destruction, Phosphogliv - in
00:18:31economical packaging 96 capsules, what if I
00:18:34miss out on a good deal? Don't miss out, because on...
00:18:41there are many real
00:18:43discounts, enough for everyone. Top products,
00:18:47the price is just right, a good story came out. Grab headphones and
00:18:50a down jacket on Khvatamb for 99 rubles.
00:18:54Get a business loan with state support at
00:18:57Alfa-Bank, get up to 50
00:19:01million rubles in one day.
00:19:04Alfa-Bank is the best bank for business.
00:19:08At Magnit, we are maximally reducing prices. Chernogolovka
00:19:12carbonated drinks from 149-99. In
00:19:15stores with delivery. More discounts with the Magnit app.
00:19:19Keep an eye out, I'll be back soon.
00:19:21You're getting up again, you're running again.
00:19:23It's biting.
00:19:26Don't you want to call the bite? Afalaza.
00:19:29Sit down.
00:19:31Afalaza is an innovative drug for the treatment of prostate adenoma. Reduces inflammation
00:19:35of the prostate gland. Afalaza, don't get caught on the hook. Sber's family
00:19:39services: an account for daily purchases, a deposit for
00:19:42common goals and plans for the future. Give loved ones
00:19:46access to the deposit, open a joint account, protect from
00:19:49fraudsters. Take care of each other with
00:19:52Sber.
00:19:5611:11 sale on Ozon. Stylish, profitable.
00:19:59Choose clothes and shoes with discounts up to 90%. Choose
00:20:03where to save. Four nuggets for 49 rubles. And other products with delivery.
00:20:08Fall asleep easily and naturally, melatonin
00:20:11Severnaya Zvezda, take care of your sleep, melatonin
00:20:15Severnaya Zvezda, sleep peacefully,
00:20:19in cash, by card or by code, what kind of monster is this from
00:20:23the trolls?
00:20:27One is enough, at PSB Bank, three-in-one cash register and acquiring
00:20:311%, connect in one day, that's a good cash register
00:20:34you got there, PSB, bank.
00:20:41Look, now Nikolay, suddenly you know where to find
00:20:44reliable spare parts, an expert is needed here,
00:20:47AvitoAuto, here they check manufacturers and... mark
00:20:50spare parts with a guarantee,
00:20:53and this is a good story, spare parts with a manufacturer's guarantee are
00:20:56at AvitoAuto. Free Ozon Bank card in new
00:21:00designs, you can pay anywhere with it,
00:21:04and you can also make the card in different designs a credit card at any time, with a grace
00:21:07period of up to 140 days, a free Ozon Bank card or sticker in
00:21:11a new design, link it to any account, and you
00:21:15can also get cashback up to 25%
00:21:17in rubles, cleanse your liver with folk... remedies,
00:21:20try replacing them with Ovisol, only
00:21:24in it is milky oats enhanced
00:21:27with herbs and turmeric. Ovisol Evalar -
00:21:30number one for liver cleansing. Millions of people
00:21:34choose Evalar quality. Evalar - brand number one in
00:21:37Russia. Transfer your pension to
00:21:40Sber. Open a profitable deposit "Pension Maximum"
00:21:43with enhanced protection and get what you don't expect.
00:21:47Free examination at Sber Health. And a chance to win
00:21:51an annual medical program.
00:22:21The world has been at war for the fourth year, a war of intelligence agencies is underway, from
00:22:25the center, Soviet intelligence officers receive an order: to find out about
00:22:28ongoing developments of a weapon of unprecedented power.
00:22:32A source of information in Great Britain could be nuclear physicist
00:22:35Allan May. Good evening, may I
00:22:39speak to Mr. Allan,
00:22:41speaking.
00:22:44It's a pleasure to hear you, Mr. May. I have a letter for you
00:22:47from your friend from Moscow. I
00:22:50would like to deliver it to you personally.
00:22:54What friend? Do you remember in
00:22:571939, you came to the Soviet Union
00:23:01and met with Russian physicists there?
00:23:04Well, this letter is from one of them. You used to correspond with him often.
00:23:07He asked me to deliver it to him
00:23:11personally. Excuse me, I don't know
00:23:14you at all. The situation
00:23:16is such now, as you said.
00:23:51England is gripped by spy mania, posters on
00:23:54every street remind that the enemy can be everywhere,
00:23:58neighbors watch each other, the police watch
00:24:01foreigners, and any extra word can cost
00:24:04freedom.
00:24:07In such an environment, an illegal has no right to make a mistake. To
00:24:11obtain the necessary information, courage
00:24:13is not enough, ingenuity
00:24:16is needed.
00:24:21Sometimes the most reliable way to learn a secret
00:24:24is just to drop in for a cup of tea.
00:24:38Good evening, Mr. May, what a heavy
00:24:42rain. Good evening,
00:24:44Mr.
00:24:46With your permission, England.
00:24:52So where is the letter? Here
00:24:53it is.
00:24:57Thank you. Will you allow me to wash
00:25:00my hands? The passing cars are so
00:25:02careless. Yes, yes, of course, Mr. Renson,
00:25:06take off your coat.
00:25:14Where did you get such luxurious coated paper?
00:25:16They found something better in Moscow.
00:25:21We have a war now, and such paper is impossible to find
00:25:24anywhere.
00:25:29This letter crossed all of Europe. You must admit,
00:25:32on newspaper, it might not have
00:25:34made it. Thank
00:25:37you. The toilet is the second door
00:25:40on the right.
00:25:49Dear Allan, I hope this letter finds you in good
00:25:52health and good spirits. This is
00:25:55a difficult time for all of us, and I often think about
00:25:59how you are doing in England.
00:26:03Thank you, Mr. Menich, thank you very much.
00:26:06Russel is my friend, he is a very pleasant person
00:26:09and a brilliant scientist.
00:26:12I completely agree with you. I would be glad to
00:26:15answer him, but I'm afraid that the letter won't reach
00:26:18the addressee. They write that it is very
00:26:22difficult in Russia now. War is going on. Now
00:26:25it's difficult not only in
00:26:26Russia.
00:26:32made a lot of noise, really?
00:26:36Yes, how
00:26:37interesting.
00:26:40Would you like some tea with carrot cake? You can tell me
00:26:43about it then. I wouldn't refuse.
00:27:01Yes, in Russia now...
00:27:38But we cannot allow Germany to create
00:27:41an atomic bomb before Great Britain and
00:27:44the USSR. Progressive British scientists
00:27:47can do what Churchill denies
00:27:50to the allies. Then they will outpace
00:27:53Hitler. Who are you really?
00:27:56деле?
00:28:01I am from Russia. And the Soviet people are those
00:28:05who want to defeat
00:28:07Nazism.
00:28:15But what can
00:28:16I do?
00:28:19You can share what you have and know best
00:28:23of all, the secrets of creating new
00:28:26weapons.
00:28:30Soon, the physicist, who received
00:28:33the code name Alec, began to transmit
00:28:36crucial information about experiments
00:29:09to his resident. Military intelligence officer Jan Chernyak was one of those who obtained
00:29:12information about the start of work on creating an atomic bomb in
00:29:15Great Britain. Allan May provided him with information about
00:29:19the results of research conducted by scientists at a secret
00:29:23laboratory in 1942-43.
00:29:26These materials were studied by academician
00:29:30Kurchatov himself. In total, military intelligence officers
00:29:33managed to obtain about 6,000 pages
00:29:36of secret documents about atomic projects in Britain,
00:29:40the USA, and other countries, as well as samples
00:29:43of equipment. By the end
00:29:46of 1945,
00:29:48Jan Chernyak, on assignment from the center, was
00:29:52in Great Britain as an illegal intelligence officer. Before
00:29:55sending Jan on
00:29:58his mission, the center assigned him the pseudonym Jen.
00:30:03It was under this operational name that he would enter
00:30:07history. Jan Chernyak is considered one of the most
00:30:10talented and successful illegal agents. He created
00:30:14the best intelligence network in the history of military intelligence in Europe. He was born
00:30:17on April 6,
00:30:201909 in what was then
00:30:23the Austro-Hungarian province of Bukovina. He
00:30:27was born in Chernivtsi, grew up in an orphanage,
00:30:30his parents perished in the fire of the civil
00:30:33war.
00:30:35The future intelligence officer successfully graduated from school and the Prague Higher
00:30:39Technical School, where he received an engineering
00:30:42degree. He entered the Berlin Polytechnic
00:30:45Institute. At the same time, he became so fascinated by the ideas of equality
00:30:49and justice that he joined the Communist Party
00:30:52of Germany.
00:30:54In the thirties, the Soviet Union was famous throughout
00:30:58the whole planet, it was the most pro...